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A2 noun 9分で読める

मुद्दा

mudda
例文 メモとヒント मुद्दा 30秒で
解説 मुद्दा in your Level:
At the A1 level, think of 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) as a simple word for 'topic' or 'thing we are talking about'. You don't need to worry about complex legal meanings yet. Just remember that it is a masculine word. If you want to ask 'What is the topic?', you can say 'मुद्दा क्या है?' (Mudda kya hai?). It is a useful word to use when you want to point at something specific in a conversation. Even at this early stage, knowing that 'mudda' is more specific than just 'baat' (talk) helps you sound more focused. Focus on the singular form and its basic meaning as 'issue'. Imagine you are in a classroom and the teacher says 'आज का मुद्दा...' (Today's topic...). That is the most basic way to see it. It is also helpful to know that in Hindi, we often use this word to get someone's attention on a specific point. It is pronounced like 'mud-dah'. Don't worry about the plural or the special 'e' ending yet; just get comfortable with the basic word and its meaning as an 'issue' or 'topic'.
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At the A2 level, you should start using 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) in simple sentences to express your opinion or describe a situation. You should be aware that 'मुद्दा' is a masculine noun. This means you will say 'बड़ा मुद्दा' (big issue) and 'मेरा मुद्दा' (my issue). You will also start encountering the oblique form 'मुद्दे' (mudde) when you use postpositions like 'पर' (on) or 'में' (in). For example, 'इस मुद्दे पर' (on this issue). At this level, you can use 'mudda' to talk about common things like 'environment issues' (पर्यावरण के मुद्दे) or 'school issues'. It helps you move from just naming objects to discussing ideas. You can also use the common phrase 'मुद्दे की बात' (the main point) to simplify your conversations. If someone is talking too much, you can politely say 'मुद्दे पर आइये' (Please come to the point). This shows you are gaining control over the flow of conversation. Practice using it with simple adjectives like 'ज़रूरी' (important) or 'छोटा' (small). This word will help you participate in basic discussions about daily life and news.
At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) in more complex sentence structures and understand its role in debates. You should be comfortable with the plural forms: 'मुद्दे' (issues) and 'मुद्दों' (issues + postposition). For example, 'हमें इन मुद्दों को सुलझाना चाहिए' (We should resolve these issues). You will start to see 'mudda' used in news reports and more formal settings. You should be able to distinguish between 'mudda' (an issue for debate) and 'samasya' (a problem to be fixed). At B1, you can use 'mudda' to discuss social topics like 'unemployment' or 'equality'. You should also learn common collocations like 'मुद्दा उठाना' (to raise an issue) and 'मुद्दे से भटकना' (to stray from the topic). This level is about nuance. Instead of just saying 'there is a problem', you can say 'there are several issues to consider'. This makes your Hindi sound more sophisticated and analytical. You should also be able to follow a simple debate where different 'muddas' are being presented and countered. Use 'mudda' to organize your thoughts when speaking, for example, 'पहला मुद्दा यह है कि...' (The first issue is that...).
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At the B2 level, 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) becomes a tool for abstract reasoning and formal argumentation. You should be able to use it in legal, political, and academic contexts. You will understand that a 'mudda' is not just a topic, but often a 'point of contention' in a legal case or a 'plank' in a political platform. You should be familiar with more advanced vocabulary associated with it, such as 'विवादास्पद मुद्दा' (controversial issue) or 'बुनियादी मुद्दा' (fundamental issue). At this level, you can use 'mudda' to describe complex societal shifts. You should also be able to use idiomatic expressions fluently, such as 'मुद्दे की बात यह है' (The crux of the matter is). Your grammar should be flawless when declining the word in various cases. You can participate in discussions about 'policy issues' or 'ethical issues' using appropriate formal Hindi. You will notice 'mudda' used in editorial columns and high-level talk shows. It's no longer just a word for 'topic'; it's a way to frame an entire argument. You should be able to summarize a complex situation by identifying the 'core issues' (मुख्य मुद्दे) and explaining how they interact with each other.
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At the C1 level, your use of 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) should reflect a deep understanding of its semantic range and stylistic nuances. You should be able to use it to discuss subtle philosophical or legal points. You will encounter the word in classical literature and high-level government documents. You should understand the historical and etymological weight of the word, including its Persian and Arabic influences in legal terminology (like 'मुद्दा-ए-बहस'). At this level, you can use 'mudda' to analyze the 'discourse' around a topic. You can differentiate between a 'perceived issue' and a 'real issue' with precision. Your ability to use synonyms like 'प्रकरण', 'विषय-वस्तु', or 'विवाद-बिंदु' based on the context should be natural. You can engage in professional-level debates where 'mudda' is used to define the 'parameters' of the discussion. You should also be sensitive to how the word is used in different registers—from the punchy headlines of tabloids to the dense prose of academic journals. You can use the word to deconstruct arguments, identifying where a speaker has missed the 'mudda' or where they are 'manufacturing' an issue for political gain.
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At the C2 level, 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) is a word you manipulate with the skill of a native orator or scholar. You understand its every nuance, including its rhythmic role in poetry or its precise technical meaning in constitutional law. You can use it to discuss the 'essence' of an existential problem or the 'technicality' of a diplomatic treaty. You are aware of how the word has evolved in the Indian socio-political landscape over decades. You can use 'mudda' in highly sophisticated rhetorical devices. Your mastery allows you to use the word to create irony, emphasis, or subtle shade in a conversation. You can read between the lines when a politician or a CEO uses the word 'mudda' to deflect or focus attention. You are comfortable using it in any grammatical construction, however complex, and can pair it with the most advanced Sanskritized or Persianized vocabulary. At this level, 'मुद्दा' is not just a word in your vocabulary; it is a concept you use to navigate and shape complex intellectual landscapes. You can write treatises or deliver keynote speeches where 'मुद्दा' is used to frame global challenges, showing a mastery that transcends mere language proficiency and enters the realm of cultural and intellectual leadership.
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例文 メモとヒント

मुद्दा 30秒で

  • A masculine noun meaning 'issue' or 'topic'.
  • Used in formal and informal debates.
  • Commonly paired with 'uthaana' (to raise).
  • Changes to 'mudde' before postpositions.
The Hindi word मुद्दा (Mudda) is a cornerstone of daily conversation, formal debate, and legal discourse. Originating from Arabic roots, it has seamlessly integrated into the Hindi-Urdu lexicon to signify a 'point of contention,' an 'issue,' or the 'subject matter' of a discussion. Unlike the word 'समस्या' (samasya), which purely means a problem that needs solving, 'मुद्दा' often refers to a topic that is being debated or a specific point in an argument. For instance, in a political context, poverty is a 'mudda'—not just a problem to be solved, but a topic for debate and policy-making.
Core Concept
At its heart, a 'mudda' is the central theme of any conflict or discussion. It is the 'what' in the question 'What are we talking about?'.
Legal Nuance
In legal terms, it refers to the 'point at issue' or the specific charge or claim under consideration in a court of law.

असली मुद्दा यह है कि हम समय पर काम पूरा नहीं कर पाए। (The real issue is that we couldn't finish the work on time.)

In social settings, you might hear someone say 'मुद्दे की बात करो' (get to the point), which highlights its usage in cutting through fluff to reach the essential part of a conversation. It is a masculine noun, meaning it takes masculine verbs and adjectives (e.g., 'बड़ा मुद्दा' - big issue, not 'बड़ी मुद्दा'). Whether you are watching a news debate where 'गरमा-गरम मुद्दे' (heated issues) are discussed or having a disagreement with a friend about a 'छोटा मुद्दा' (small matter), this word is indispensable for expressing specific topics of focus. Historically, its journey from Arabic 'Madda' (extension/matter) into Hindi has mirrored the evolution of South Asian intellectual discourse, where identifying the 'mudda' became synonymous with clarity of thought. In modern Hindi, it is frequently used in the plural form 'मुद्दों' (muddon) when followed by postpositions, such as 'इन मुद्दों पर चर्चा करें' (discuss these issues). Understanding 'mudda' allows a learner to move beyond basic survival Hindi into the realm of expressing opinions and engaging in meaningful dialogue.

चुनाव में विकास सबसे बड़ा मुद्दा था। (Development was the biggest issue in the election.)

Register
Neutral to Formal. It is suitable for newspapers, professional meetings, and serious personal talks.
Using 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender and how it interacts with postpositions. As a masculine noun, it follows standard Hindi declension rules. In the singular, it remains 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) unless followed by a postposition like 'को' (ko), 'में' (mein), or 'पर' (par), in which case it changes to 'मुद्दे' (mudde). For example, 'यह मुद्दा' (this issue) becomes 'इस मुद्दे पर' (on this issue). In the plural, it is 'मुद्दे' (mudde), which changes to 'मुद्दों' (muddon) when postpositions are added.
Subject Position
'मुद्दा बहुत गंभीर है।' (The issue is very serious.) Here, it acts as the subject, and the adjective 'गंभीर' (serious) remains in its masculine form.

हमें इस मुद्दे पर गहराई से सोचना होगा। (We will have to think deeply on this issue.)

When used with verbs of action, 'मुद्दा' often pairs with 'उठाना' (uthaana - to raise). 'उसने मीटिंग में एक नया मुद्दा उठाया' (He raised a new issue in the meeting). It can also be the object of 'सुलझाना' (suljhaana - to resolve) or 'समझना' (samajhna - to understand). In negative sentences, you might say 'यह कोई मुद्दा नहीं है' (This is not an issue at all/This doesn't matter). This is a common way to dismiss a point of argument. Another frequent construction is using 'मुद्दा' as a predicate: 'असली मुद्दा क्या है?' (What is the real issue?). Here, 'असली' (real) modifies 'मुद्दा'.

बेरोजगारी एक वैश्विक मुद्दा है। (Unemployment is a global issue.)

Plural Usage
'कई मुद्दों पर बात हुई।' (Talks happened on many issues.) Here, 'मुद्दों' is the oblique plural form required by the postposition 'पर'.
By mastering these patterns, you can discuss complex topics ranging from environmental concerns to office politics with precision. Remember that 'मुद्दा' implies a level of significance; you wouldn't use it for a trivial grocery list, but you would use it for the price of groceries as a social concern.

वे पुराने मुद्दों को फिर से नहीं उठाना चाहते। (They don't want to raise old issues again.)

You will encounter 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) in a variety of environments, each giving it a slightly different flavor. The most common place is the **News Media**. Whether it's a newspaper headline like 'भ्रष्टाचार का मुद्दा गरमाया' (The issue of corruption heated up) or a TV news anchor shouting 'आज का मुख्य मुद्दा' (Today's main issue), the word is central to journalism. It frames the narrative of public discourse. In **Political Rallies**, politicians frequently use 'मुद्दा' to define their platforms, often accusing opponents of ignoring 'जनता के मुद्दे' (the issues of the public).

न्यूज़ चैनल पर हर शाम देश के मुद्दों पर बहस होती है। (Every evening, there is a debate on the country's issues on news channels.)

Moving to **Professional Settings**, in office meetings or corporate boardrooms, 'मुद्दा' is used to identify bottlenecks or agenda items. A manager might say, 'चलो अगले मुद्दे पर चलते हैं' (Let's move to the next point/issue). This usage is synonymous with 'point' or 'agenda item.' In **Legal Contexts**, or even in police procedurals (like the popular show 'CID' or legal dramas), you'll hear 'मुद्दा-ए-बहस' (the point of argument) or simply 'मुद्दा' to refer to the specific legal question at hand. In **Everyday Social Life**, the word appears when friends discuss social problems or when someone is being too indirect. If a person is rambling, a friend might say, 'मुद्दे पर आओ!' (Come to the point!). This highlights the word's versatility—it can be a grand societal topic or a specific conversational target.
Academic Use
In textbooks and essays, 'मुद्दा' is used to categorize themes of study, such as 'पर्यावरण के मुद्दे' (environmental issues).
Finally, in **Social Media**, hashtags often revolve around a 'मुद्दा' that is trending, making it a word that bridges the gap between traditional formal Hindi and modern digital communication.

सोशल मीडिया पर यह मुद्दा काफी चर्चित है। (This issue is quite discussed on social media.)

For English speakers, the most common mistake is confusing 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) with 'समस्या' (Samasya - problem). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. A 'samasya' is something that causes difficulty and needs a solution (like a flat tire). A 'mudda' is a topic of discussion or a point of contention (like whether the government should spend more on infrastructure). You can have a 'mudda' that is not necessarily a 'samasya' for you personally, but it is a point of debate. Another frequent error is **Gender Misagreement**. Since 'मुद्दा' ends in 'a', many beginners correctly identify it as masculine, but they forget to apply the oblique case. They might say 'मुद्दा पर' (mudda par) instead of the correct 'मुद्दे पर' (mudde par). This small grammatical slip can make you sound less fluent.

Incorrect: मैं इस मुद्दा पर बात करना चाहता हूँ।
Correct: मैं इस मुद्दे पर बात करना चाहता हूँ।

Overuse in Casual Contexts
Sometimes learners use 'मुद्दा' for very trivial things where 'बात' (baat - matter/talk) would be more natural. If you're asking about someone's day, don't ask about their 'muddas'. Keep 'mudda' for things that have weight or involve disagreement.
Confusing 'मुद्दा' with 'विषय' (Vishay - subject) is also common. 'Vishay' is broader and used for academic subjects (like Math) or general topics (like the topic of a book). 'Mudda' implies there is something at stake or something to be decided.

Incorrect: मेरा पसंदीदा मुद्दा विज्ञान है।
Correct: मेरा पसंदीदा विषय विज्ञान है।

Lastly, pronunciation can be a hurdle. The 'dd' in 'mudda' is a geminate (doubled) consonant. It requires a slight hold on the 'd' sound. If pronounced as a single 'd', it might sound like 'muda' (which isn't a common word, but sounds 'off'). Ensure you give that 'd' the extra weight it deserves.
Pronunciation Tip
Think of the word 'mid-day' in English. The transition between the two 'd' sounds is similar to the 'dd' in 'mudda'.
While 'मुद्दा' (Mudda) is a powerful word, knowing its synonyms and alternatives will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to navigate different levels of formality.
विषय (Vishay)
Meaning 'Subject' or 'Topic'. Use this for school subjects or the general topic of a lecture. It lacks the 'point of contention' vibe that 'mudda' has. Example: 'आज की चर्चा का विषय शिक्षा है।' (The subject of today's discussion is education.)
मामला (Maamla)
Meaning 'Matter' or 'Case'. This is very close to 'mudda' but is often used for specific incidents or legal cases. Example: 'यह पुलिस का मामला है।' (This is a police matter.)
समस्या (Samasya)
Meaning 'Problem'. Use this when something is going wrong and needs fixing. Example: 'पानी की समस्या बहुत बड़ी है।' (The water problem is very big.)

हमें इस प्रकरण की जांच करनी होगी। (We will have to investigate this episode/matter.)

In very formal or Urdu-influenced Hindi, you might hear **'मसाला' (Masala)** (in a metaphorical sense) or **'अमर' (Amr)**, though these are rare for learners. A more common formal alternative is **'बिंदु' (Bindu)** meaning 'point'. In a presentation, you would say 'मेरा अगला बिंदु...' (My next point...).
Comparison: Mudda vs. Baat
'Baat' is the most versatile. Every 'mudda' is a 'baat', but not every 'baat' (chat/matter/thing) is a 'mudda'. 'Mudda' is the serious, specific version of 'baat'.

यह कोई बड़ी बात नहीं है। (This is not a big matter/deal.) vs. यह कोई बड़ा मुद्दा नहीं है। (This is not a big issue/topic of debate.)

By choosing the right word, you convey your intent more clearly. Use 'mudda' when you want to signal that the topic is important, debatable, or central to the current focus.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In legal Urdu, a 'Muddai' is the person who brings the 'Mudda' (the claim) to court. So, the word is deeply linked to the history of the Indian legal system.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈmʊd.dɑː/
US /ˈmʊd.də/
Stress is on the first syllable 'Mud'.
韻が合う語
खुदा (Khuda - God) जुदा (Juda - Separate) फिदा (Fida - Infatuated) सदा (Sada - Always) अदा (Ada - Style) गदा (Gada - Mace) वदा (Vada - Promise - in some dialects) शहदा (Shahada)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing it as 'Muda' (single 'd').
  • Pronouncing the 'd' as a retroflex (tongue curled back) instead of dental (tongue at teeth).

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in text as it appears frequently in news and books.

ライティング 3/5

Requires understanding of masculine declension (mudda -> mudde).

スピーキング 3/5

The double 'd' sound needs practice for perfect native-like delivery.

リスニング 2/5

Very common and usually stressed in sentences, making it easy to hear.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

बात (Baat) विषय (Vishay) क्या (Kya) पर (Par)

次に学ぶ

चर्चा (Charcha) विवाद (Vivaad) समाधान (Samadhan) बहस (Bahas)

上級

विवादास्पद (Controversial) संवेदनशीलता (Sensitivity) विश्लेषण (Analysis)

知っておくべき文法

Masculine Nouns ending in -a

मुद्दा (Mudda) -> मुद्दे (Mudde) in oblique case.

Oblique Case with Postpositions

मुद्दे + पर = मुद्दे पर (On the issue).

Plural Formation

मुद्दा (Singular) -> मुद्दे (Plural).

Oblique Plural

मुद्दे + ओं + पर = मुद्दों पर (On the issues).

Adjective Agreement

बड़ा मुद्दा (Big issue) vs. बड़े मुद्दे (Big issues).

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レベル別の例文

1

यह एक मुद्दा है।

This is an issue.

Simple subject-predicate sentence.

2

मुद्दा क्या है?

What is the issue?

Interrogative sentence using 'kya'.

3

वह एक छोटा मुद्दा है।

That is a small issue.

Adjective 'chota' agrees with masculine 'mudda'.

4

आज का मुद्दा खाना है।

Today's topic is food.

Possessive 'ka' links 'aaj' and 'mudda'.

5

यह मेरा मुद्दा नहीं है।

This is not my issue.

Possessive 'mera' agrees with 'mudda'.

6

मुद्दा साफ़ है।

The issue is clear.

Adjective 'saaf' (clear) modifying the noun.

7

एक नया मुद्दा।

A new issue.

Indefinite article 'ek' with adjective 'naya'.

8

मुद्दा यहाँ है।

The issue is here.

Locative adverb 'yahan'.

1

इस मुद्दे पर बात करो।

Talk on this issue.

'Mudda' changes to 'mudde' before the postposition 'par'.

2

यह एक ज़रूरी मुद्दा है।

This is an important issue.

'Zaroori' is an invariant adjective.

3

हमारे पास कई मुद्दे हैं।

We have many issues.

Plural 'mudde' used with 'kai' (many).

4

असली मुद्दा क्या है?

What is the real issue?

'Asli' (real) is a common adjective for 'mudda'.

5

वह पुराने मुद्दे उठा रहा है।

He is raising old issues.

Present continuous tense with plural object.

6

इस मुद्दे को भूल जाओ।

Forget this issue.

Oblique 'mudde' before postposition 'ko'.

7

शिक्षा एक बड़ा मुद्दा है।

Education is a big issue.

Masculine agreement: 'bada' with 'mudda'.

8

मुद्दे की बात यह है।

The point of the matter is this.

Common idiomatic construction.

1

हमें इस मुद्दे को तुरंत सुलझाना होगा।

We will have to resolve this issue immediately.

Future necessity using 'hoga'.

2

राजनीति में यह एक विवादास्पद मुद्दा है।

This is a controversial issue in politics.

Use of formal adjective 'vivaadaspad'.

3

उसने मीटिंग में गरीबी का मुद्दा उठाया।

He raised the issue of poverty in the meeting.

Past tense 'uthaaya' with the object 'mudda'.

4

वे इन मुद्दों पर सहमत नहीं हैं।

They do not agree on these issues.

Plural oblique 'muddon' before 'par'.

5

क्या आप इस मुद्दे को समझते हैं?

Do you understand this issue?

Interrogative present simple.

6

यह मुद्दा हमारे भविष्य के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।

This issue is important for our future.

Use of compound postposition 'ke liye'.

7

हमें मुख्य मुद्दों पर ध्यान देना चाहिए।

We should focus on the main issues.

'Chahiye' (should) construction.

8

बिना किसी मुद्दे के बहस मत करो।

Don't argue without any issue.

'Bina' (without) with oblique 'mudde'.

1

पर्यावरण का मुद्दा वैश्विक स्तर पर चर्चा में है।

The issue of the environment is under discussion at a global level.

Formal 'vaishvik star' (global level).

2

सरकार ने इस संवेदनशील मुद्दे को गंभीरता से लिया।

The government took this sensitive issue seriously.

Adjective 'samvedansheel' (sensitive).

3

लेखक ने सामाजिक मुद्दों पर प्रकाश डाला है।

The author has shed light on social issues.

Idiom 'prakash daalna' (to shed light).

4

यह मुद्दा कानूनी पेचीदगियों से भरा है।

This issue is full of legal complexities.

'Pechidgiyon' (complexities) plural oblique.

5

विपक्ष ने भ्रष्टाचार के मुद्दे को संसद में उठाया।

The opposition raised the issue of corruption in Parliament.

Specific political terminology.

6

सच्चाई यह है कि मुद्दा कुछ और ही है।

The truth is that the issue is something else entirely.

Emphatic particle 'hi'.

7

मानवाधिकारों का मुद्दा सर्वोपरि होना चाहिए।

The issue of human rights should be paramount.

Formal 'sarvopari' (paramount).

8

उसने मुद्दे से भटकने की कोशिश की।

He tried to stray from the issue.

Infinitive 'bhatakne' in oblique form.

1

इस जटिल मुद्दे का विश्लेषण करना आवश्यक है।

It is necessary to analyze this complex issue.

Sanskritized 'vishleshan' (analysis).

2

न्यायालय ने इस मुद्दे पर अपना फैसला सुरक्षित रखा है।

The court has reserved its judgment on this issue.

Legal terminology 'surakshit rakha'.

3

यह मुद्दा दार्शनिक और नैतिक दोनों पहलुओं से जुड़ा है।

This issue is connected to both philosophical and ethical aspects.

Use of 'pahaluon' (aspects).

4

मीडिया ने इस मुद्दे को अनावश्यक रूप से तूल दिया।

The media gave unnecessary importance to this issue.

Idiom 'tool dena' (to exaggerate/give importance).

5

आर्थिक असमानता आज का सबसे ज्वलंत मुद्दा है।

Economic inequality is the most burning issue of today.

Adjective 'jwalant' (burning/urgent).

6

हमें इस मुद्दे के ऐतिहासिक संदर्भ को समझना होगा।

We must understand the historical context of this issue.

'Aitihasik sandarbh' (historical context).

7

उसकी दलीलें मुख्य मुद्दे से कोसों दूर थीं।

His arguments were miles away from the main issue.

Idiom 'koson door' (miles away).

8

यह मुद्दा जनमानस की भावनाओं से गहराई से जुड़ा है।

This issue is deeply connected with the emotions of the masses.

Formal 'janmaanas' (masses/public mind).

1

लेख में निहित मुद्दे अत्यंत सूक्ष्म और गूढ़ हैं।

The issues inherent in the article are extremely subtle and profound.

High-level adjectives 'sookshma' and 'goodh'.

2

इस मुद्दे की विसंगतियों को उजागर करना अनिवार्य है।

It is mandatory to highlight the discrepancies of this issue.

'Visangatiyon' (discrepancies).

3

राजनीतिक विमर्श में यह मुद्दा प्रायः गौण हो जाता है।

In political discourse, this issue often becomes secondary.

Formal 'vimarsh' (discourse) and 'gaun' (secondary).

4

मुद्दे की संवेदनशीलता को देखते हुए सावधानी बरतनी चाहिए।

Given the sensitivity of the issue, caution should be exercised.

Participle construction 'dekhte hue'.

5

यह मुद्दा सभ्यतागत संघर्ष का प्रतिबिंब है।

This issue is a reflection of civilizational conflict.

'Sabhyatagat sangharsh' (civilizational conflict).

6

प्रशासन ने मुद्दे के समाधान हेतु एक समिति गठित की।

The administration formed a committee for the resolution of the issue.

Formal 'hetu' (for the purpose of).

7

उसका भाषण मूल मुद्दे के इर्द-गिर्द ही घूमता रहा।

His speech kept revolving around the original issue.

Postposition 'ke ird-gird' (around).

8

इस मुद्दे पर वैचारिक मतभेद होना स्वाभाविक है।

It is natural to have ideological differences on this issue.

'Vaicharik matbhed' (ideological differences).

よく使う組み合わせ

मुद्दा उठाना
गंभीर मुद्दा
राजनीतिक मुद्दा
मुख्य मुद्दा
विवादास्पद मुद्दा
सामाजिक मुद्दा
मुद्दे को सुलझाना
बुनियादी मुद्दा
मुद्दे पर ध्यान देना
पुराना मुद्दा

よく使うフレーズ

मुद्दे की बात

— The core or heart of the matter. Used to skip irrelevant details.

मुद्दे की बात यह है कि हमें पैसे चाहिए।

मुद्दे पर आना

— To come to the point. Used when someone is being indirect.

कृपया मुद्दे पर आइये।

मुद्दे से भटकना

— To stray from the topic. Used when the conversation loses focus.

आप मुद्दे से भटक रहे हैं।

ज्वलंत मुद्दा

— A 'burning' or very urgent/hot issue.

महंगाई आज का ज्वलंत मुद्दा है।

जनता का मुद्दा

— An issue concerning the general public.

सड़कें जनता का मुद्दा हैं।

मुद्दे को दबाना

— To suppress an issue.

सरकार इस मुद्दे को दबाना चाहती है।

मुद्दे को हवा देना

— To fuel or escalate an issue.

मीडिया इस मुद्दे को हवा दे रहा है।

छोटा मुद्दा

— A trivial or minor matter.

यह एक छोटा मुद्दा है, चिंता मत करो।

विवाद का मुद्दा

— A point of dispute.

ज़मीन का टुकड़ा विवाद का मुद्दा है।

सहमति का मुद्दा

— A point of agreement.

सुरक्षा एक सहमति का मुद्दा है।

よく混同される語

मुद्दा vs समस्या (Samasya)

A problem that needs a fix, whereas a mudda is a topic that needs discussion.

मुद्दा vs मदद (Madad)

Means 'help'. Sounds slightly similar but totally different meaning.

मुद्दा vs विषय (Vishay)

Means 'subject'. Used for school subjects or general categories.

慣用句と表現

"मुद्दे की बात करना"

— To talk about what really matters.

बेकार की बातें छोड़ो, मुद्दे की बात करो।

Neutral
"मुद्दे पर अड़े रहना"

— To stick to one's point or issue stubbornly.

वह अपने मुद्दे पर अड़ा रहा।

Neutral
"मुद्दे को तूल देना"

— To exaggerate or over-emphasize an issue.

इस छोटी सी बात को इतना तूल क्यों दे रहे हो?

Informal
"मुद्दे की जड़"

— The root cause of the issue.

लालच ही इस मुद्दे की जड़ है।

Neutral
"मुद्दे से हाथ धोना"

— To lose the opportunity to raise a point (rare but used).

देर करने से तुम मुद्दे से हाथ धो बैठोगे।

Informal
"मुद्दे को ठंडे बस्ते में डालना"

— To put an issue on the backburner or ignore it.

सरकार ने इस मुद्दे को ठंडे बस्ते में डाल दिया है।

Formal
"मुद्दे का रुख मोड़ना"

— To change the direction or focus of the issue.

उसने चतुराई से मुद्दे का रुख मोड़ दिया।

Neutral
"मुद्दे पर मुहर लगाना"

— To finalize or confirm a point (metaphorical).

अध्यक्ष ने इस मुद्दे पर मुहर लगा दी।

Formal
"मुद्दा गरमाना"

— For an issue to become intense or widely discussed.

चुनाव आते ही आरक्षण का मुद्दा गरमा गया।

Journalistic
"मुद्दे की बलि चढ़ाना"

— To sacrifice a point or issue for something else.

उसने अपने फायदे के लिए इस मुद्दे की बलि चढ़ा दी।

Literary

間違えやすい

मुद्दा vs मदद (Madad)

Similar initial sound.

Madad means help; Mudda means issue. Madad is feminine; Mudda is masculine.

मुझे आपकी मदद (help) चाहिए। vs यह एक मुद्दा (issue) है।

मुद्दा vs मुद्दत (Muddat)

Very similar spelling.

Muddat means a long period of time or duration.

एक मुद्दत (long time) के बाद मिले।

मुद्दा vs माद्दा (Maadda)

Phonetically very close.

Maadda means 'substance', 'capability' or 'guts'.

उसमें काम करने का माद्दा (capability) है।

मुद्दा vs मुर्दा (Murda)

Similar sound.

Murda means a corpse or dead body.

मुर्दा (corpse) जल रहा है।

मुद्दा vs मुद्रा (Mudra)

Similar start.

Mudra means currency or a physical pose/gesture.

भारतीय मुद्रा (currency) रुपया है।

文型パターン

A1

यह [Adjective] मुद्दा है।

यह अच्छा मुद्दा है।

A2

इस मुद्दे पर [Verb]!

इस मुद्दे पर सोचो!

B1

[Subject] ने [Topic] का मुद्दा उठाया।

राम ने पानी का मुद्दा उठाया।

B2

यह मुद्दा [Noun] से जुड़ा है।

यह मुद्दा सुरक्षा से जुड़ा है।

C1

[Adjective] मुद्दे का विश्लेषण [Verb] है।

गंभीर मुद्दे का विश्लेषण ज़रूरी है।

C2

मुद्दे की [Noun] को देखते हुए...

मुद्दे की संवेदनशीलता को देखते हुए...

B1

हमें मुद्दों को [Verb] चाहिए।

हमें मुद्दों को सुलझाना चाहिए।

A2

असली मुद्दा [Noun] है।

असली मुद्दा समय है।

語族

名詞

मुद्दई (Muddai - Plaintiff/Claimant)
मुद्दा-ए-बहस (Mudda-e-bahas - Point of debate)

動詞

मुद्दा बनाना (Mudda banana - To make an issue of something)
मुद्दा उठाना (Mudda uthaana - To raise an issue)

形容詞

मुद्देवार (Muddewaar - Point-wise/Issue-wise)

関連

मामला
विषय
समस्या
बहस
तर्क
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使い方

frequency

Extremely high in news, politics, and professional settings.

暗記しよう

記憶術

'Mud' + 'Da'. Imagine a 'Muddy' situation that you need to 'Define'. That's your 'Mudda' (Issue).

視覚的連想

Visualize a big question mark sitting in the middle of a conference table. That question mark is the 'Mudda'.

Word Web

Politics Debate Problem Meeting Point Legal Society News

チャレンジ

Try to identify one 'mudda' in your local news today and write a sentence in Hindi using 'इस मुद्दे पर...'

語源

Derived from the Arabic word 'Madda' (مادة), which passed through Persian into Urdu and then Hindi.

元の意味： Originally meant 'matter', 'extension', or 'material'.

Afroasiatic (Arabic) -> Indo-European (via Persian influence).

文化的な背景

The word is neutral, but the 'muddas' themselves can be sensitive (religion, caste, etc.). Use carefully in those contexts.

In English, we might use 'issue', 'point', or 'matter'. 'Mudda' covers all three depending on the context.

'Mudda' is a common word in Bollywood courtroom dramas like 'Damini' or 'Jolly LLB'. The song 'Mudda' from the movie 'Mudda: The Issue' (2003).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Office Meeting

  • अगला मुद्दा क्या है?
  • इस मुद्दे पर आपकी क्या राय है?
  • हमें इस मुद्दे को आज ही खत्म करना है।
  • मुद्दे से मत भटकिये।

Political Discussion

  • यह एक चुनावी मुद्दा है।
  • विपक्ष ने यह मुद्दा उठाया।
  • जनता के मुद्दे क्या हैं?
  • विकास सबसे बड़ा मुद्दा है।

Legal/Court

  • मुद्दा-ए-बहस क्या है?
  • इस मुद्दे पर सबूत चाहिए।
  • यह एक कानूनी मुद्दा है।
  • मुद्दे की गहराई को समझें।

Casual Argument

  • मुद्दे की बात करो।
  • यह कोई मुद्दा नहीं है।
  • तुम हर बात को मुद्दा बना देते हो।
  • असली मुद्दा कुछ और है।

Social Science Class

  • पर्यावरण एक वैश्विक मुद्दा है।
  • सामाजिक मुद्दों पर निबंध लिखें।
  • इन मुद्दों का समाज पर क्या असर पड़ता है?
  • आज का मुख्य मुद्दा गरीबी है।

会話のきっかけ

"आज की न्यूज़ में सबसे बड़ा मुद्दा क्या है? (What is the biggest issue in today's news?)"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि यह एक गंभीर मुद्दा है? (Do you think this is a serious issue?)"

"मीटिंग के लिए आपका मुख्य मुद्दा क्या है? (What is your main point for the meeting?)"

"हम इस मुद्दे को कैसे सुलझा सकते हैं? (How can we resolve this issue?)"

"क्या हम अगले मुद्दे पर चलें? (Shall we move to the next point?)"

日記のテーマ

आज आपने किस मुद्दे पर सबसे ज्यादा सोचा? (Which issue did you think about the most today?)

अपने जीवन के एक महत्वपूर्ण मुद्दे के बारे में लिखें। (Write about an important issue in your life.)

क्या आपको लगता है कि मीडिया सही मुद्दों को उठाता है? (Do you think the media raises the right issues?)

अपने शहर के किसी एक मुद्दे का वर्णन करें। (Describe one issue in your city.)

'मुद्दे की बात' आपके लिए क्या मायने रखती है? (What does 'the main point' mean to you?)

よくある質問

5 問

'Mudda' is a masculine noun. This is important for adjective and verb agreement, such as saying 'bada mudda' instead of 'badi mudda'.

You can say 'Mudde par aaiye' (formal) or 'Mudde par ao' (informal). It literally means 'Come on the issue'.

Not usually. For subjects like History or Math, use 'Vishay'. Use 'Mudda' for a specific topic of debate within that subject.

The plural is 'Mudde'. However, if you add a postposition like 'par' (on), it becomes 'muddon', as in 'muddon par'.

It is neutral to formal

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