C1 verb ニュートラル 2分で読める

censire

/t͡ʃenˈsi.re/

Overview

The Italian verb 'censire' is a transitive verb that comes from the Latin 'censere', meaning 'to estimate, to assess, to count'. It primarily refers to the act of officially counting or surveying something, often for statistical, administrative, or governmental purposes. This can involve counting people, animals, property, or any other quantifiable entity within a defined area or group.

One of the most common applications of 'censire' is in the context of a census (il censimento), which is a comprehensive official count of a population, typically conducted by a national government. When you 'censire la popolazione' (take a census of the population), you are collecting demographic data on the inhabitants of a country or region.

Beyond population counts, 'censire' can also be used in more specific contexts. For example, you might 'censire i beni culturali' (survey cultural heritage assets) to create an inventory of historical artifacts or architectural sites. Similarly, 'censire le aziende' (survey businesses) could involve collecting data on the number, type, and size of companies in a particular sector or region. In a more informal but still official sense, an organization might 'censire i propri iscritti' (register its members) to keep an up-to-date list of its constituents.

The verb 'censire' implies a systematic and formal process of data collection, often with the goal of creating a complete and accurate record. It's not about a casual count but rather an organized and authoritative enumeration. The results of 'censire' often lead to the creation of registers, databases, or statistical reports that are used for planning, resource allocation, and policy-making.

Grammatically, 'censire' is a regular verb of the third conjugation (ending in -ire). It conjugates like 'finire' or 'capire' in many tenses, meaning it often takes the interfix '-isc-' in the present indicative and subjunctive tenses for certain persons (e.g., 'io censisco', 'tu censisci', 'lui/lei censisce', 'loro censiscano'). However, in the passato remoto, imperfect, and future tenses, it behaves like other regular -ire verbs without the interfix. The past participle is 'censito', and the auxiliary verb used in compound tenses is 'avere'.

例文

Il governo ha deciso di censire la popolazione per raccogliere dati demografici.

Demografia

The government decided to survey the population to collect demographic data.

È necessario censire tutti i beni culturali della regione per preservarli.

Patrimonio culturale

It is necessary to inventory all cultural assets of the region to preserve them.

Abbiamo censito tutte le piante del giardino per capire quali specie sono presenti.

Botanica, Giardinaggio

We surveyed all the plants in the garden to understand which species are present.

La commissione ha il compito di censire i danni causati dal terremoto.

Disastri naturali

The commission has the task of surveying the damage caused by the earthquake.

Per un buon marketing, è fondamentale censire i gusti dei consumatori.

Marketing, Sondaggi

For good marketing, it is essential to survey consumer tastes.

よく使う組み合わせ

censire la popolazione

censire gli edifici

censire le imprese

censire i beni culturali

よく混同される語

censire vs censure

Although sharing a similar Latin root ('censere'), 'censire' (to survey/enumerate) and 'censure' (to express severe disapproval) have distinct modern meanings and are not typically confused in Italian.

文法パターン

**Censire (qualcosa)**: This is the most common pattern, where 'censire' is followed directly by the object being surveyed or counted. \n*Example: Il governo vuole censire tutti i cittadini.* (The government wants to survey all citizens.) **Censire (qualcuno/qualcosa) come (qualcosa)**: This pattern is used when classifying or categorizing the surveyed entity. \n*Example: Hanno censito la popolazione come residente.* (They surveyed the population as resident.) **Essere censito**: This is the passive form, meaning 'to be surveyed' or 'to be counted'. \n*Example: Tutti gli edifici storici devono essere censiti.* (All historical buildings must be surveyed.)

How to Use It

使い方のコツ

The verb 'censire' is a transitive verb, typically followed by a direct object indicating what is being surveyed or counted. For example: 'Il governo ha deciso di censire la popolazione' (The government has decided to survey the population). It is often used in formal or administrative contexts. While its primary meaning is related to official surveys, it can also be used in a more general sense to mean 'to list,' 'to catalog,' or 'to record,' particularly when referring to a comprehensive inventory. For instance, one might 'censire i beni culturali di una regione' (to catalog the cultural assets of a region). The past participle 'censito' can be used as an adjective, as in 'popolazione censita' (surveyed population). It's less common in casual conversation, where more general verbs like 'contare' (to count) or 'registrare' (to record) might be preferred, unless the context specifically implies an official or thorough enumeration.

よくある間違い

1. Confusing 'censire' with 'censurare' (to censor). While both involve assessing or evaluating, 'censire' is about counting or surveying, and 'censurare' is about restricting or removing content. 2. Incorrect conjugation: Like many -ire verbs, 'censire' has a few irregular conjugations, particularly in the present tense (e.g., 'io censisco,' 'tu censisci'). Be mindful of the 'isc' insertion. 3. Using it for informal counts: 'Censire' typically implies an official or systematic count or survey. For a simple, informal count of items, verbs like 'contare' are more appropriate. 4. Not recognizing its various applications: While often associated with population counts, 'censire' can also be used for cataloging assets, surveying a specific group for data, or even listing items in a collection. 5. Misunderstanding its transitivity: 'Censire' is a transitive verb, meaning it generally takes a direct object (e.g., 'censire la popolazione' - to survey the population). Ensure you're using it with an appropriate object.

語源

The Italian verb 'censire' originates from the Latin word 'censere,' which had a broad range of meanings related to judgment, estimation, and official counting. 'Censere' itself is believed to derive from the Proto-Indo-European root '*ḱens-,' meaning 'to declare, proclaim, assess.' In ancient Rome, the 'census' was a crucial institution, established by King Servius Tullius. It involved a comprehensive registration of citizens and their property for purposes of taxation, military service, and political classification. The officials responsible for conducting this count were called 'censores' (censors), and their duties were extensive, including maintaining public morals ('cura morum') in addition to counting and assessing property. The verb 'censere' was directly used to describe the act performed by these censors. Over time, as Latin evolved into the various Romance languages, the core meaning of 'counting' or 'surveying' for official purposes largely persisted. In Italian, 'censire' specifically refers to the act of conducting an official count, survey, or registration, especially for statistical, administrative, or tax-related reasons. It carries the connotation of a systematic and authorized enumeration. The related noun 'censimento' (census) also directly descends from the Latin 'census,' reinforcing the connection to the Roman practice. Other related terms in Italian, such as 'censore' (censor, though now often used in the sense of one who exercises moral judgment or oversight) and 'censura' (censorship), also highlight the historical breadth of the Latin root's influence, encompassing not only counting but also judgment and control. Thus, 'censire' is a word deeply rooted in Roman administrative and social history, preserving the essence of a formal, official enumeration or assessment that has been a fundamental practice in states and societies for millennia.

文化的な背景

The verb 'censire' in Italian carries significant cultural weight, particularly in its primary meaning of conducting an official count or survey. This often refers to national censuses (censimento nazionale), which are crucial for demographic understanding, resource allocation, and policy-making. Historically, censuses have been instrumental in shaping national identity and understanding population shifts, especially after major historical events or during periods of significant migration. Beyond official counts, 'censire' can also apply to surveying property, businesses, or even cultural assets, reflecting Italy's rich artistic and architectural heritage. The concept of 'censimento' is deeply embedded in the administrative and civic life of the country, signifying a collective effort to quantify and categorize, often with long-term societal implications. It evokes a sense of order and comprehensive data collection, essential for the functioning of a modern state.

覚え方のコツ

Visualize a census taker going door-to-door, recording information. 'Censire' sounds like 'census,' which is a count. Imagine the act of counting or surveying people.

自分をテスト

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The government decided to ______ the population every ten years to gather demographic data.

正解！おしい！正解:

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It's important to ______ all the historical documents to preserve them properly.

正解！おしい！正解:

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The task of the team is to ______ all the items in the warehouse by the end of the week.

正解！おしい！正解:

スコア： /3

例文

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