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공격하다

A1 verb 8分で読める

공격하다

練習する例文メモとヒント 공격하다 30秒で

解説 공격하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should think of 공격하다 as a word used for simple actions, mostly in games or stories. Imagine you are playing a game with a friend and you want to tell your character to 'attack the monster.' You would say '괴물을 공격해!' (Attack the monster!). It is a basic action verb like 'run' or 'eat.' At this stage, just focus on the structure: [Target]을/를 공격해요. You might see this word in simple picture books where a tiger attacks a rabbit, or in basic video games. Don't worry about metaphorical meanings yet; just understand it as a physical movement to hit or fight something.

For A2 learners, 공격하다 expands into the world of sports and hobbies. You will encounter it when talking about soccer (축구) or basketball (농구). When your team is 'on the offense,' you are '공격 중' (in the middle of attacking). You should also start learning the past tense '공격했어요' and the future tense '공격할 거예요.' You can use it to describe what happened in a movie or a game you played. For example, '어제 게임에서 적을 공격했어요' (Yesterday in the game, I attacked the enemy). You should also recognize its opposite: 방어하다 (to defend).

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At the B1 level, you begin to use 공격하다 in more abstract or social contexts. You might hear it in news reports about small conflicts or in discussions about competitive situations. You should be comfortable using it with adverbs like '강하게' (strongly) or '갑자기' (suddenly). This is also the stage where you should learn the passive forms 공격받다 or 공격당하다. For example, '그의 의견은 많은 사람들에게 공격받았습니다' (His opinion was attacked by many people). You are moving from physical attacks to 'attacking' ideas or statements.

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At B2, you should understand the nuance of 공격하다 in professional and academic settings. It is used to describe critical analysis or strategic business moves. You should be able to distinguish it from more specific verbs like 비난하다 (to criticize) or 반박하다 (to refute). You will see it in editorials where one writer 'attacks' the logic of another. You should also understand the noun form 공격성 (aggressiveness) and how it is used in psychology or biology. Your sentences should become more complex, such as '상대의 약점을 파고들어 공격하는 것이 중요합니다' (It is important to dig into and attack the opponent's weakness).

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For C1 learners, 공격하다 is a tool for precise expression in debates and high-level literature. You should recognize its role in complex idiomatic expressions and formal military or historical texts. You will encounter it in discussions about '사이버 공격' (cyber attacks) and the legal ramifications of such actions. You should understand how it pairs with formal verbs like '감행하다' (to venture) or '개시하다' (to initiate). At this level, you are expected to use the word to describe systematic, multifaceted offensives—whether they are economic, political, or intellectual. You can analyze the '공격적' (aggressive) nature of a market strategy or a diplomatic stance.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete grasp of 공격하다 and its related Hanja (Chinese character) family. You can use it to discuss historical military strategies in detail, using terms like '기습 공격' (surprise attack) or '전면 공격' (all-out attack). You understand the subtle difference between '공격' and other similar concepts in philosophy and law. You can use the word in sophisticated metaphors, such as '세월이 우리를 공격한다' (Time attacks us/Time takes its toll). Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, knowing exactly when to use this word versus a more specific technical term in fields like medicine (e.g., an immune system attacking a virus) or sociology.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

공격하다 30秒で

공격하다 means 'to attack' and is used for physical fights, sports offense, and verbal criticism.
It is a transitive verb that always requires an object followed by 을 or 를.
Commonly found in gaming (PC bangs), news (military), and sports (soccer) contexts in Korea.
The passive forms are '공격받다' or '공격당하다', meaning 'to be attacked'.

The Korean verb 공격하다 (gong-gyeok-ha-da) is a powerful and versatile word primarily translated as 'to attack' or 'to launch an assault.' It is composed of the Sino-Korean roots 공 (攻 - attack) and 격 (擊 - strike), combined with the active verb ending 하다 (to do). While its most literal application involves physical combat or military operations, its usage extends far beyond the battlefield into the realms of sports, gaming, social discourse, and even psychological interactions. In a linguistic context, it is a transitive verb, meaning it almost always requires a direct object—the entity being targeted by the attack.

Physical and Military Context: In its most basic form, it describes one entity physically striking or moving against another to cause harm or gain ground. This is the word used in history books to describe wars, in news reports regarding crime, or in nature documentaries describing a predator pouncing on its prey. For example, 'The lion attacks the deer' would use this verb.
Sports and Competitive Offense: In the world of sports like soccer, basketball, or martial arts, 공격하다 refers to the offensive play. When a team has the ball and is moving toward the opponent's goal, they are in the 'attack' phase. It lacks the violent connotation here and instead emphasizes strategic initiative and scoring intent.
Verbal and Intellectual Criticism: Metaphorically, it is used when someone harshly criticizes an idea, a policy, or a person's character. In a political debate, a candidate might 'attack' their opponent's record. This usage is extremely common in Korean media and formal discussions where conflicting viewpoints are presented aggressively.

사자가 사슴을 공격했다. (The lion attacked the deer.)

Literal physical usage in a biological context.

Furthermore, the word is frequently paired with adverbs to describe the intensity of the action. You will often hear 무차별적으로 (indiscriminately) 공격하다 or 맹렬히 (fiercely) 공격하다. Understanding these pairings helps learners identify the tone of a situation immediately. Whether it is a computer virus attacking a system or a boxer attacking their opponent's midsection, the core concept remains the same: a directed, purposeful movement to overcome a target.

상대방의 논리를 조목조목 공격하세요. (Attack the opponent's logic point by point.)

Metaphorical usage in a formal debate setting.

Gaming and Technology: In IT, a cyber-attack is called '사이버 공격' (cyber attack), and the verb form is '사이버 공간에서 공격하다'. In gaming, the 'A' key usually stands for 'Attack' (공격), making it one of the first words Korean gamers or those playing on Korean servers learn.

Using 공격하다 correctly requires an understanding of Korean particle markers and the transitive nature of the verb. Since it is an action performed by an agent (Subject) upon a target (Object), the standard sentence structure is [Subject] + 가/이 [Object] + 을/를 공격하다. However, depending on the level of formality and the specific context—be it military, sports, or social—the endings and surrounding vocabulary will shift significantly.

군대가 적의 성을 공격하기 시작했습니다. (The army began to attack the enemy's castle.)

1. The Object Marker (을/를): The most common mistake for beginners is forgetting the object marker. Unlike 'fight' (싸우다), which often uses 'with' (와/과), 'attack' always takes a direct object. You don't attack 'with' someone in the sense of targeting them; you attack them directly.
Example: 괴물을 공격해요 (Attack the monster).
2. Passive vs. Active: To say 'to be attacked,' Koreans use the word 공격당하다 (gong-gyeok-dang-ha-da) or 공격받다 (gong-gyeok-bat-da). '당하다' usually implies a negative or harmful experience, while '받다' is more neutral but still common.
Example: 저는 해커에게 공격당했어요 (I was attacked by a hacker).

In formal writing, such as news articles or academic papers, you will see the noun form 공격 (attack) combined with other verbs like 개시하다 (to initiate), 중단하다 (to cease), or 감행하다 (to venture/dare an attack). These combinations provide a more sophisticated tone than simply using the basic verb form. For instance, '공격을 감행하다' suggests a bold or risky attack, whereas '공격하다' is more general.

그 선수는 상대의 약점을 정확히 공격하며 승기를 잡았습니다. (That player seized the chance for victory by accurately attacking the opponent's weakness.)

3. Tense Variations: Past: 공격했다 (Attacked)
Present: 공격한다 (Attacks - plain/narrative)
Future: 공격할 것이다 (Will attack)
Request: 공격해! (Attack! - informal)

The context in which you encounter 공격하다 defines its nuance. In modern South Korea, you are less likely to hear it in a literal physical fight on the street and much more likely to hear it in specific professional or recreational environments. Understanding these domains is key to mastering the word's social weight.

News and Geopolitics: Turn on any evening news broadcast (뉴스데스크), and you will hear '공격' mentioned regarding international conflicts. Phrases like '공중 공격' (air attack) or '미사일 공격' (missile attack) are frequent. When a politician criticizes the government's budget plan, the reporter might say, '야당이 정부의 예산안을 강력히 공격했습니다' (The opposition party strongly attacked the government's budget proposal).
Sports Broadcasting: Korean sports commentators are known for their high energy. During a soccer match (축구), you will hear them scream, '공격권이 넘어갑니다!' (The right to attack passes over!) or '계속해서 공격하고 있습니다!' (They are continuing to attack!). In this context, it is a positive, exciting term associated with teamwork and skill.

지금 바로 적의 본진을 공격합시다! (Let's attack the enemy's main base right now!)

Commonly heard in PC bangs (internet cafes) during gaming sessions.

In professional settings, 공격하다 is used during strategy meetings. A marketing team might discuss how to 'attack' a new market segment (시장을 공격하다). This implies an aggressive, focused business strategy to gain market share. It is also used in legal contexts, where a lawyer might 'attack' the credibility of a witness (증인의 신빙성을 공격하다).

Variety Shows (예능): In popular shows like 'Running Man' or 'Knowing Bros,' cast members often engage in 'verbal attacks'—teasing each other or pointing out embarrassing facts. You will see captions like '공격 개시' (Attack started) when one member starts roasting another. It is used here for comedic effect.

While 공격하다 seems straightforward, English speakers often trip up on its specific Korean usage patterns and how it differs from similar-sounding concepts. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise.

1. Confusing 'Attack' with 'Hit' (때리다): Beginners often use 공격하다 when they mean a single physical strike. If you punch a punching bag once, you '때리다' (hit/strike) it. 공격하다 implies a more systematic or intentional effort to overcome a target. Using 공격하다 for a simple accidental hit sounds overly dramatic or like you're in a video game.
2. Misusing Passive Forms: In English, we say 'I was attacked.' In Korean, you cannot simply change the ending of 공격하다 to make it passive. You must use 공격받다 (to receive an attack) or 공격당하다 (to suffer an attack). Using '공격되다' is grammatically possible but rarely used for people; it’s more for abstract concepts like 'the plan was attacked.'

❌ 저는 친구를 공격했어요. (I attacked my friend.)

Unless you are playing a sport or a game, this sounds very violent and strange in a social context. Use '장난치다' (to play around) or '놀리다' (to tease) instead.

Another mistake involves the intensity of the word. In English, we might say 'Stop attacking me!' when someone is just being annoying. In Korean, saying '나를 공격하지 마!' sounds like you are in an action movie or a high-stakes debate. For minor personal annoyance, words like 괴롭히다 (to bother/bully) or 시비 걸다 (to pick a fight) are much more appropriate.

3. Forgetting the '하다': In casual speech, learners sometimes just say '공격!' as a command. While this works in a game, in a sentence, the '하다' is essential for the verb to function. '공격해' is the correct informal command.

Korean has a rich vocabulary for conflict and competition. Choosing the right word instead of just using 공격하다 can significantly elevate your fluency. Here are the most common alternatives and how they differ from the core word.

공격하다 vs. 습격하다 (Seup-gyeok-ha-da): 습격하다 means 'to raid' or 'to make a surprise attack.' While 공격하다 is a general term for any attack, 습격하다 specifically implies that the target was unprepared. Police raiding a hideout or a wolf raiding a sheepfold would use this word.
공격하다 vs. 비난하다 (Bi-nan-ha-da): When the 'attack' is purely verbal and involves criticizing someone's mistakes or character, 비난하다 (to criticize/blame) is often more accurate. 공격하다 is used for the act of attacking an argument, while 비난하다 focuses on the moral judgment or blame.

도둑이 은행을 습격했습니다. (The thief raided/ambushed the bank.)

Notice how '습격' adds the nuance of a sudden, illegal raid.

공격하다 vs. 반격하다 (Ban-gyeok-ha-da): 반격하다 means 'to counterattack.' The root 반 (反) means 'opposite' or 'against.' This is used when you were being attacked first and are now striking back. It is a very common term in sports and action movies.
공격하다 vs. 폭행하다 (Pok-haeng-ha-da): In a legal or criminal context, if a person physically assaults another person, the term is 폭행하다 (to assault). This is a much heavier, more formal word used in police reports. 공격하다 is too general for a legal description of a physical fight.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character 攻 (gong) also appears in the word '공부' (study) in some contexts historically, suggesting 'working hard' on something.

発音ガイド

UK /koŋ.ɡjʌk.ha.da/

US /koʊŋ.ɡjʌk.hɑː.dɑː/

The primary stress is on the second syllable 'gyeok'.

韻が合う語

목격하다 (mok-gyeok-ha-da) 합격하다 (hap-gyeok-ha-da) 충격하다 (chung-gyeok-ha-da) 반격하다 (ban-gyeok-ha-da) 타격하다 (ta-gyeok-ha-da) 추격하다 (chu-gyeok-ha-da) 간격 (gan-gyeok) 성격 (seong-gyeok)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'gong' as 'gang'.
Missing the 'h' sound in 'ha-da'.
Pronouncing 'gyeok' as 'gyeo' without the final stop.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize due to common Hanja roots.

ライティング 3/5

Requires correct object marker usage.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is relatively straightforward.

リスニング 2/5

Very common in media and games.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

하다 (to do) 적 (enemy) 싸우다 (to fight) 팀 (team) 을/를 (object marker)

次に学ぶ

방어하다 (to defend) 승리하다 (to win) 전략 (strategy) 비난하다 (to criticize) 습격하다 (to raid)

上級

반격 (counterattack) 공세 (offensive) 함락시키다 (to make fall/conquer) 초토화하다 (to devastate)

知っておくべき文法

Transitive Verbs (타동사)

적을(Object) 공격하다.

Passive with -받다/-당하다

공격받다, 공격당하다.

Noun + 하다 Verbs

공격(Noun) + 하다.

Adverb formation with -게/-히

강하게 공격하다, 맹렬히 공격하다.

Intentional -(으)려고

공격하려고 준비해요.

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レベル別の例文

고양이가 쥐를 공격해요.

The cat attacks the mouse.

Present tense with -해요 ending.

몬스터를 공격하세요!

Please attack the monster!

Imperative -하세요 for polite commands.

사자가 공격합니다.

The lion attacks.

Formal -합니다 ending.

누가 공격했어요?

Who attacked?

Past tense with -했어요.

우리는 적을 공격해요.

We attack the enemy.

Subject '우리는' (we).

강아지가 공을 공격해요.

The puppy attacks the ball.

Simple transitive sentence.

공격하지 마세요.

Please don't attack.

Negative imperative -지 마세요.

빨리 공격해!

Attack quickly!

Informal command -해.

우리 팀이 지금 공격하고 있어요.

Our team is attacking now.

-고 있다 expresses progressive action.

그 축구 선수는 아주 잘 공격해요.

That soccer player attacks very well.

Adverb '아주 잘' (very well).

게임에서 적의 기지를 공격했어요.

I attacked the enemy's base in the game.

Locative particle -에서 (in/at).

뱀이 사람을 공격할 수 있어요.

A snake can attack a person.

-ㄹ 수 있다 (can/ability).

공격 팀은 누구예요?

Who is the attacking team?

Noun form '공격' modifying '팀'.

적군이 성을 공격하기 시작했습니다.

The enemy army started to attack the castle.

-기 시작하다 (start to do).

호랑이는 밤에 공격하는 것을 좋아해요.

Tigers like to attack at night.

-는 것을 좋아하다 (like doing).

상대방의 점수를 공격합시다.

Let's attack the opponent's score.

-읍시다 (let's).

정치인들이 서로의 정책을 공격했습니다.

Politicians attacked each other's policies.

Metaphorical usage for criticism.

해커가 회사의 서버를 공격하려고 했어요.

A hacker tried to attack the company's server.

-(으)려고 하다 (try/intend to).

갑작스러운 공격에 모두가 놀랐습니다.

Everyone was surprised by the sudden attack.

Noun '공격' with descriptive '갑작스러운'.

상대 팀의 약점을 공격하는 것이 전략입니다.

Attacking the opponent team's weakness is the strategy.

Gerund form -는 것.

그는 제 의견을 무례하게 공격했어요.

He attacked my opinion rudely.

Adverb '무례하게' (rudely).

바이러스가 컴퓨터 시스템을 공격하고 있습니다.

A virus is attacking the computer system.

Technical context.

우리는 공격받을 준비를 해야 합니다.

We must prepare to be attacked.

Passive form '공격받다'.

그 동물은 위협을 느낄 때만 공격합니다.

That animal only attacks when it feels threatened.

-을 때 (when).

언론은 정부의 무능함을 강력히 공격했다.

The media strongly attacked the government's incompetence.

Plain narrative style (-다).

공격을 개시하기 전에 지형을 파악해야 한다.

Before initiating an attack, one must understand the terrain.

Formal '개시하다' (initiate).

상대방의 논리적 허점을 정확하게 공격하세요.

Accurately attack the logical flaws of the opponent.

Intellectual context.

이번 신제품으로 경쟁사의 시장 점유율을 공격할 계획입니다.

We plan to attack the competitor's market share with this new product.

Economic/Business context.

그의 발언은 특정 집단을 공격하는 것으로 비춰질 수 있다.

His remarks could be seen as attacking a specific group.

-로 비춰지다 (be seen as).

면역 체계가 건강한 세포를 공격하는 질병입니다.

It is a disease where the immune system attacks healthy cells.

Medical/Biological context.

그들은 새벽을 틈타 성을 공격하기로 결정했습니다.

They decided to attack the castle taking advantage of the dawn.

-기로 결정하다 (decide to).

무차별적인 공격으로 인해 많은 민간인이 피해를 입었다.

Many civilians suffered damage due to indiscriminate attacks.

-로 인해 (due to/because of).

철학자는 기존의 형이상학적 전제를 근본적으로 공격했다.

The philosopher fundamentally attacked the existing metaphysical premises.

Academic/Philosophical context.

그 기업은 특허 소송을 통해 경쟁업체를 공격하고 있다.

That company is attacking competitors through patent litigation.

Legal strategy.

적의 보급로를 공격함으로써 전쟁의 흐름을 바꿨다.

By attacking the enemy's supply lines, the flow of the war was changed.

-(으)로써 (by means of).

비판론자들은 그 이론의 일관성 없음을 집요하게 공격했다.

Critics persistently attacked the inconsistency of the theory.

Adverb '집요하게' (persistently).

사이버 공간에서의 공격은 국가 안보에 큰 위협이 된다.

Attacks in cyberspace pose a great threat to national security.

Formal noun phrase.

그는 자신의 치부를 공격하는 질문에 당황한 기색이 역력했다.

He clearly looked flustered by questions attacking his weaknesses/shameful secrets.

Complex descriptive clause.

혁명군은 정부의 상징적인 건물들을 동시다발적으로 공격했다.

The revolutionary forces attacked the government's symbolic buildings simultaneously.

Adverb '동시다발적으로'.

상대 팀의 수비가 허술해진 틈을 타 맹렬히 공격을 퍼부었다.

Taking advantage of the gap in the opponent team's defense, they launched a fierce attack.

Idiomatic '공격을 퍼붓다' (pour/shower attacks).

역사가는 제국주의 국가들이 자원을 확보하기 위해 타국을 공격했던 이면을 파헤쳤다.

The historian delved into the hidden side of why imperialist nations attacked other countries to secure resources.

Advanced historiography.

자기 면역 질환은 신체가 자신을 적으로 오인하여 공격하는 역설적인 상황이다.

Autoimmune disease is a paradoxical situation where the body misidentifies itself as an enemy and attacks.

Scientific paradox.

정치적 공방 속에서 인신공격은 토론의 본질을 흐리는 고질적인 문제이다.

In political battles, personal attacks are a chronic problem that blurs the essence of debate.

Term '인신공격' (ad hominem/personal attack).

그 소설가는 현대 사회의 물신주의를 날카로운 문체로 공격한다.

The novelist attacks modern society's materialism with a sharp literary style.

Literary criticism.

적의 심리적 방어선을 공격하여 항복을 받아내는 것이 최상의 계책이다.

Attacking the enemy's psychological defense line to elicit surrender is the best strategy.

Strategic philosophy.

시장은 예측 불가능한 변수들이 가격을 공격하는 전쟁터와 같다.

The market is like a battlefield where unpredictable variables attack prices.

Financial metaphor.

그는 법정에서 검사의 논리를 하나하나 해체하며 반대로 공격을 감행했다.

In court, he deconstructed the prosecutor's logic one by one and launched a counter-attack.

Legal deconstruction.

인간의 탐욕이 자연 생태계를 무차별적으로 공격하고 있다는 경고가 잇따르고 있다.

Warnings are following one after another that human greed is indiscriminately attacking the natural ecosystem.

Environmental discourse.

よく使う組み合わせ

적을 공격하다

정면으로 공격하다

갑자기 공격하다

말싸움에서 공격하다

약점을 공격하다

공격을 개시하다

공격을 중단하다

무차별적으로 공격하다

맹렬히 공격하다

논리적으로 공격하다

よく使うフレーズ

인신공격

— A personal attack or ad hominem.

인신공격은 하지 마세요.

공격적인 태도

— An aggressive attitude.

그는 공격적인 태도를 보였다.

공격력

— Attack power or damage (common in games).

이 무기는 공격력이 높다.

공격수

— An attacker or forward in sports.

그는 최고의 공격수이다.

사이버 공격

— A cyber attack.

사이버 공격에 대비해야 한다.

공격 포인트

— Attack points (sports stats).

손흥민 선수가 공격 포인트를 올렸다.

공격권

— The right to attack (possession in sports).

공격권이 우리 팀에 있다.

기습 공격

— A surprise attack.

기습 공격을 성공시켰다.

전면 공격

— An all-out attack.

전면 공격을 감행했다.

공격 대상

— A target of attack.

그는 비난의 공격 대상이 되었다.

よく混同される語

공격하다 vs 때리다

때리다 is a simple physical hit; 공격하다 is a more systematic attack.

공격하다 vs 싸우다

싸우다 is 'to fight' (mutual or general); 공격하다 is 'to attack' (directional).

공격하다 vs 비난하다

비난하다 is specifically for verbal criticism/blame.

慣用句と表現

"공격이 최선의 방어다"

— Offense is the best defense.

공격이 최선의 방어라는 생각으로 경기에 임했다.

Neutral

"말의 칼로 공격하다"

— To attack with words as if they were knives.

그는 말의 칼로 상대의 가슴을 공격했다.

Literary

"빈틈을 공격하다"

— To attack a gap or vulnerability.

사업가는 시장의 빈틈을 공격했다.

Business

"급소를 공격하다"

— To attack a vital point.

변호사는 증인의 급소를 공격했다.

Legal

"십자포화를 퍼붓다"

— To rain down a crossfire (intense verbal attack).

기자들이 질문의 십자포화를 공격하듯 퍼부었다.

Journalism

"허를 찌르다"

— To catch someone off guard (related to surprise attack).

그의 질문은 나의 허를 공격하듯 찔렀다.

Neutral

"뼈를 때리다"

— To say something painfully true (slang for a verbal attack).

그의 말은 정말 뼈를 공격하는 느낌이었다.

Slang

"맹공을 퍼붓다"

— To launch a fierce attack.

우리 팀은 후반전에 맹공을 퍼부었다.

Sports

"포문을 열다"

— To open fire (to start an attack/argument).

그는 회의에서 비판의 포문을 열며 공격했다.

Formal

"배수진을 치다"

— To fight with one's back to the river (attacking with no retreat).

그는 배수진을 치고 마지막 공격을 했다.

Historical/Idiomatic

間違えやすい

공격하다 vs 폭행하다

Both involve physical force.

폭행하다 is a legal term for assault; 공격하다 is more general/strategic.

그는 행인을 폭행했다 (He assaulted a pedestrian).

공격하다 vs 침략하다

Both involve attacking an enemy.

침략하다 is specifically for invading a country/territory.

나폴레옹은 러시아를 침략했다.

공격하다 vs 습격하다

Both mean attack.

습격하다 implies a surprise raid or ambush.

늑대가 마을을 습격했다.

공격하다 vs 반격하다

Both are types of attacks.

반격하다 is specifically a counter-attack after being attacked.

우리는 적의 공격에 반격했다.

공격하다 vs 강타하다

Both mean to hit hard.

강타하다 is usually for natural disasters or a single powerful blow.

태풍이 도시를 강타했다.

文型パターン

[Object]을/를 공격해요.

괴물을 공격해요.

[Subject]이/가 [Object]을/를 공격하고 있어요.

사자가 사슴을 공격하고 있어요.

[Subject]에게 공격받았어요.

친구에게 공격받았어요.

[Object]을/를 공격하는 것은 [Adjective]하다.

상대를 공격하는 것은 위험하다.

[Abstract Object]을/를 [Adverb] 공격하다.

그의 논리를 집요하게 공격하다.

[Noun]을/를 틈타 [Object]을/를 공격하다.

방심한 틈을 타 적을 공격하다.

A1-C2

공격하지 마세요.

사람을 공격하지 마세요.

공격을 개시하겠습니다.

이제 공격을 개시하겠습니다.

語族

名詞

공격 (Attack)

공격수 (Attacker)

공격력 (Attack power)

공격성 (Aggressiveness)

공격권 (Right to attack)

動詞

공격하다 (To attack)

공격받다 (To be attacked)

공격당하다 (To suffer an attack)

반격하다 (To counterattack)

습격하다 (To raid)

形容詞

공격적이다 (To be aggressive)

使い方

frequency

Very high in gaming, sports, and news; medium in daily casual conversation.

よくある間違い

Using '공격하다' for a simple 'hit'. → 때리다
'공격하다' is for a purposeful attack, '때리다' is for the physical act of hitting.
적에게 공격하다 → 적을 공격하다
The target of '공격하다' must take the object marker 을/를, not the dative 에게.
공격되었다 → 공격받았다 / 공격당했다
Korean uses 'receive' or 'suffer' for the passive form of attack.
Using '공격하다' for teasing. → 놀리다 / 장난치다
'공격하다' is too strong for lighthearted teasing among friends.
Missing the '하다' in sentences. → 공격해 / 공격해요
Without '하다', it's just a noun, not a functional verb in a sentence.

ヒント

Object Markers

Always pair the target with 을 or 를. For example, '적을 공격하다' (Attack the enemy).

Gaming Slang

In games, '공격' is often shortened to '공'. If someone says '공 가자', they might mean 'Let's go attack'.

Word Family

Learn '공격적' (aggressive) alongside the verb to describe people's personalities or strategies.

The 'H' sound

Ensure the 'ha' in '공격하다' is audible; otherwise, it might sound like just the noun '공격'.

Politeness

Never use '공격하다' to describe your own actions toward a superior, even in a debate, as it sounds too aggressive.

Formal Synonyms

In news writing, look for '공세를 취하다' which means 'to take the offensive'.

Sports Commentary

Commentators often say '공격 진행합니다' (Proceeding with the attack) during fast plays.

Gong-Kick

Remember: Hit the GONG and then KICK (Gyeok) to attack.

Passive Voice

Use '공격받다' for 'be attacked'. Don't try to use -어지다 with this verb.

Metaphors

Use it to describe attacking a 'problem' (문제를 공격하다) to sound like a proactive problem-solver.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a GONG (공) being struck with a heavy GYEOK (hit) sound when an army starts to attack.

視覚的連想

Visualize the 'A' key on a computer keyboard glowing red, as 'A' stands for Attack (공격) in Korean games.

Word Web

War Sports Gaming Criticism Assault Offense Strategy Hacker

チャレンジ

Try to use '공격하다' in three different ways today: once for a game, once for a sport, and once for a joke about a friend's spicy food attacking your tongue.

語源

Derived from the Sino-Korean (Hanja) roots 攻擊.

元の意味：攻 (gong) means 'to attack' or 'to work on', and 擊 (gyeok) means 'to strike' or 'to hit'. Together, they mean 'to strike as an attack'.

Sino-Korean.

文化的な背景

Avoid using this word toward superiors (bosses, teachers) as it implies a lack of respect and direct confrontation.

In English, 'attack' can feel very violent. In Korean, it is used more freely in sports and gaming without necessarily implying physical harm.

StarCraft: The word 'Attack' is translated as '공격' in the Korean version. Heung-min Son: Often described as a 'top-class attacker' (최정상급 공격수). The Art of War: Korean translations use '공격' for many of Sun Tzu's stratagems.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Gaming

적을 공격해!
공격력이 낮아.
기습 공격이다!
공격 버튼이 어디야?

Sports

공격권이 넘어갔어.
최전방 공격수.
공격적인 전술.
공격 포인트를 기록하다.

News

사이버 공격이 발생했다.
미사일 공격을 감행했다.
정치적 공격이 거세다.
무차별 공격.

Debate

상대의 논리를 공격하다.
인신공격은 금지입니다.
날카로운 공격.
근거 없는 공격.

Animal Nature

사자가 먹이를 공격한다.
공격적인 성향.
공격받은 흔적.
먼저 공격하지 않는다.

会話のきっかけ

"어떤 게임 캐릭터의 공격력이 가장 높아요?"

"축구에서 공격과 수비 중 무엇이 더 중요하다고 생각하세요?"

"어제 뉴스에서 본 사이버 공격에 대해 들었나요?"

"누군가 당신의 의견을 공격하면 어떻게 반응하나요?"

"동물원에 있는 동물이 사람을 공격한 적이 있나요?"

日記のテーマ

오늘 게임에서 적을 어떻게 공격했는지 설명해 보세요.

자신이 공격적인 성격인지 방어적인 성격인지 써 보세요.

최근에 누군가에게 말로 공격받은 적이 있다면 그 기분을 적어 보세요.

스포츠 경기에서 가장 인상 깊었던 공격 장면을 묘사해 보세요.

사이버 공격으로부터 내 정보를 지키는 방법에 대해 써 보세요.

よくある質問

10 問

It's better to use '장난치다' (to play around) or '때리는 시늉을 하다' (to pretend to hit). '공격하다' sounds too serious or like a game.

Both mean 'to be attacked.' '당하다' often has a stronger nuance of suffering or being a victim of something bad/unpleasant.

Yes, to describe aggressive marketing or trying to take a competitor's market share (시장을 공격하다).

It is '공격력' (gong-gyeok-ryeok).

Yes, both biological viruses attacking cells and computer viruses attacking systems use this verb.

Yes, '공격자' (general attacker) or '공격수' (sports attacker/forward).

You can say '나 공격하지 마' (informal) or '저 공격하지 마세요' (polite).

It means 'personal attack' or 'ad hominem'. It's when you attack a person's character instead of their argument.

Yes, it comes from the Chinese characters 攻擊.

The opposite is '방어' (defense) or '수비' (defense in sports).

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