At the A1 level, you can think of 번성하다 (beonseong-hada) as a special word for 'growing very well' or 'having a lot of something.' Imagine a garden with many beautiful flowers or a street with many busy shops. When there is a lot of life and energy in one place, we use this word. Even though it is a big word, you can use it simply. For example, '나무가 번성해요' (The trees are thriving/growing a lot). It is like saying 'very good growth.' You will see this word in picture books about nature or simple stories about old kingdoms. It helps you describe a place that looks healthy and full.
Think of it as 'Happy Growth.' When a family has many children and everyone is healthy, that is '번성.' When a forest has many animals and trees, that is also '번성.' At this level, don't worry about the difficult Hanja characters. Just remember that it is a 'level up' from just saying '크다' (big) or '많다' (many). It describes the feeling of a place being busy and alive. Use it when you see something that is doing very well!
For A2 learners, 번성하다 is a useful verb to describe cities, businesses, and nature. You are moving beyond simple adjectives and starting to use more specific verbs. While '잘 되다' (to go well) is common, '번성하다' sounds more descriptive and professional. You might use it to talk about your hometown: '우리 고향은 상업이 번성해요' (My hometown's commerce is flourishing). This shows you understand that the city isn't just 'big,' but it is 'active' and 'successful.'
You should also learn the difference between '번성하다' and '성장하다' (to grow). '성장하다' is just about getting bigger, like a person getting taller. But '번성하다' is about a whole group or area doing well together. If a shopping mall has many people and many stores, it is '번성하고 있어요.' It is a very positive word. You can use it in your writing to make your sentences sound more interesting. For example, instead of saying '공원에 꽃이 많아요,' you can say '공원에 꽃이 번성하고 있어요' to sound more like a native speaker.
At the B1 level, you should use 번성하다 to discuss broader topics like history, industry, and ecosystems. This word is perfect for describing the 'Golden Age' of a civilization or the 'boom' of a particular market. For example, '인터넷 산업이 번성하면서 일자리가 늘어났다' (As the internet industry flourished, jobs increased). You are now able to connect the flourishing of one thing to the result it produces. This word helps you explain why a place is wealthy or vibrant.
It is also important to distinguish '번성하다' from '번식하다' (to reproduce). At B1, you might be reading news or watching documentaries where these two words appear. Remember: '번성' is about thriving and prosperity, while '번식' is a biological term for making more offspring. If you are talking about the success of a culture or the liveliness of a market, '번성' is your word. It carries a nuance of 'vibrancy' and 'abundance' that is essential for intermediate-level descriptions. Try using it when discussing environmental issues or economic trends in your speaking practice.
B2 learners should appreciate the nuance of 번성하다 compared to synonyms like '번영하다' (to prosper) and '번창하다' (to thrive). '번성하다' is the most versatile of the three. While '번창하다' is strictly for business and '번영하다' is often for nations and peace, '번성하다' can be applied to nature, culture, ideas, and industries. It emphasizes the state of being luxuriant and vigorous. For example, '이 지역은 예술가들이 모여들며 문화가 번성하기 시작했다' (This area began to flourish culturally as artists gathered here).
You can also use this word in more abstract ways. An idea or a trend can '번성' if it spreads and becomes very popular. It implies a sense of 'momentum.' In your essays, use '번성하다' to describe the peak of a movement or the health of a community. Pay attention to the particles: it is an intransitive verb, so the subject (이/가) is always what is flourishing. Understanding this grammatical constraint will help you avoid common errors like using object markers. It is a sophisticated word that adds 'color' and 'energy' to your Korean vocabulary.
At the C1 level, 번성하다 becomes a tool for precise historical and sociological analysis. You will encounter it in academic papers, classical literature translations, and high-level journalism. It describes the 'vitality' (생명력) of a system. When a C1 speaker uses '번성하다,' they are often implying that the conditions for growth were ideal—the 'fertile soil' (토양) of the situation allowed for this abundance. For instance, in a discussion about the Silk Road, you might analyze how the '번성' of trade led to the '융성' (flowering) of diverse cultures.
You should also be aware of its usage in traditional Korean blessings and formal speeches. The phrase '자손이 번성하다' (for descendants to flourish) carries deep cultural weight, linking the past to the future. At this level, you can also use it sarcastically or metaphorically to describe the 'thriving' of something unexpected, like '가짜 뉴스가 번성하는 시대' (An era where fake news flourishes). This shows a mastery of tone. You should be able to swap '번성하다' with more specific terms like '창성하다' or '흥왕하다' depending on the register and the historical period you are discussing.
For C2 learners, 번성하다 is understood within its full etymological and philosophical context. You recognize the Hanja 繁盛 not just as a verb for 'thriving,' but as a concept of 'luxuriance and fullness.' In C2-level discourse, you might compare the '번성' of a biological population to the '번성' of a market to discuss sustainability. You can use the word to critique modern society, perhaps discussing how '물질적 번성' (material flourishing) does not always lead to '정신적 번영' (spiritual prosperity). This level of distinction between 'beonseong' (vitality/abundance) and 'beon-yeong' (glory/stability) is a hallmark of near-native proficiency.
Furthermore, you should be comfortable with the word in its various grammatical forms, including nominalizations like '번성기' (the period of flourishing) or '번성도' (the degree of flourishing). You can analyze literary texts where '번성' is used to create a contrast with '쇠퇴' (decline) or '멸망' (ruin), discussing the cyclical nature of history. Your use of this word should feel natural and effortless, whether you are writing a formal report on urban development or discussing the ecological health of a national park. You understand that '번성하다' is more than just 'growth'; it is the manifestation of life-force in its most exuberant state.
번성하다 30秒で
- 번성하다 means to flourish, thrive, or prosper on a large scale, such as in cities, nature, or whole industries.
- It is an intransitive verb, meaning the subject itself prospers (e.g., 'Business flourishes'), using the -이/가 markers.
- Avoid confusing it with '번식하다' (to reproduce biologically) or '번창하다' (strictly for business success).
- It carries a highly positive and energetic nuance, often used in historical, biological, and economic contexts.
The Korean verb 번성하다 (beonseong-hada) is a powerful and evocative word used to describe a state of vigorous growth, abundance, and success. Rooted in the Hanja characters 繁 (번), meaning 'frequent' or 'luxuriant,' and 盛 (성), meaning 'flourishing' or 'full,' it paints a picture of something that is not just growing, but is doing so in a way that is visible, energetic, and widespread. When people use this word, they are usually referring to large-scale entities or groups rather than the narrow personal success of an individual. It is the language of history books describing the golden age of a dynasty, biologists discussing a species that has found its perfect niche, or economists analyzing a market where businesses are popping up on every corner.
- Historical Context
- In historical narratives, you will frequently encounter this word to describe the peak of the Goryeo or Joseon dynasties. It implies that the culture, economy, and population were all reaching a zenith of productivity and vitality.
- Biological Context
- When talking about plants or animals, '번성하다' suggests that the species is thriving in its environment, often increasing in number and spreading across a territory. It captures the essence of a 'lush' or 'teeming' ecosystem.
- Business and Commerce
- While '성공하다' (to succeed) is common for individuals, '번성하다' is used for markets, shopping districts, or entire industries. A street with many busy shops is said to be '번성하고 있다'.
과거에 이 항구 도시는 무역으로 매우 번성했다.
One of the most important nuances of '번성하다' is its inherent positivity and scale. It is rarely used for something negative, like a disease (where '창궐하다' or '번식하다' might be more appropriate depending on the context). Instead, it evokes a sense of life, energy, and prosperity. It's the difference between a plant just staying alive and a garden overflowing with flowers and fruit. In modern Korean, you might hear this word in documentaries, news reports about the 'flourishing' of a new cultural trend (like the global rise of K-pop), or in religious or ceremonial settings where elders wish for a family's descendants to '번성' (thrive and multiply).
비가 온 뒤 숲은 온갖 생명체로 번성하고 있다.
Furthermore, the word carries a connotation of 'activity.' A bustling market is '번성한 시장.' It’s not just about wealth in a static sense; it’s about the movement, the transactions, and the life force that makes a place feel alive. If a city is described as '번성하다,' you imagine crowded streets, bright lights, and a lot of noise. If a family is described as '번성하다,' you imagine many children, grandchildren, and a house filled with laughter and health. It is a word that celebrates the abundance of life in all its forms.
그의 가문은 대대로 자손이 번성했다.
- Scale of Use
- It is most commonly used for civilizations (문명), cultures (문화), businesses/industries (산업), and biological species (종).
- Emotional Tone
- The tone is objective yet appreciative, often used when reflecting on a period of greatness or observing a healthy ecosystem.
이 지역은 새로운 정보 기술 산업이 번성하는 중심지이다.
로마 제국은 수백 년 동안 유럽에서 번성했다.
Using '번성하다' correctly requires understanding that it is an intransitive verb in Korean. This means that the subject itself is the one doing the flourishing, and it doesn't take a direct object in the sense of 'flourishing something else.' You use the subject markers -이/가 to indicate what is thriving. For example, if you want to say 'Business is flourishing,' you say '사업이 번성하다.' You wouldn't say '사업을 번성하다' unless you were using a causative form like '번성시키다' (to make something flourish), which is much less common.
- The 'Where' of Flourishing
- Often, you want to specify the place or time where the flourishing occurs. Use the particle -에서 for location. Example: '강가에서 식물이 번성하다' (Plants thrive by the river).
- The 'How' of Flourishing
- Adverbs like '매우' (very), '크게' (greatly), or '급격히' (rapidly) are frequently used with this verb to describe the intensity of the growth.
디지털 기술의 발전으로 온라인 시장이 번성하고 있습니다.
When describing a state that began in the past and continues into the present, the form -고 있다 (progressive) or -어 왔다 (has been ...ing) is very effective. For instance, '이 도시는 지난 10년 동안 번성해 왔다' (This city has been flourishing for the past 10 years). This emphasizes the ongoing nature of the prosperity. If you are looking back at a historical period that has ended, the simple past tense -었다 is used, as in '그 문명은 한때 번성했다' (That civilization once flourished).
따뜻한 기후 덕분에 이 섬은 다양한 열대 식물이 번성하기에 완벽합니다.
Another common structure is using '번성하다' as a modifier for a noun. In this case, you use -는 for present tense or -ㄴ/은 for past tense. A 'flourishing city' becomes '번성하는 도시,' and a 'city that once flourished' becomes '번성했던 도시.' This is particularly useful in descriptive writing or storytelling where you want to set the scene. It allows you to create vivid imagery of a place at its peak.
그들은 번성하는 무역로를 따라 여행했습니다.
- Cause and Effect
- Use '덕분에' (thanks to) or '-로 인해' (due to) to explain why something is flourishing. '좋은 정책 덕분에 경제가 번성했다' (The economy flourished thanks to good policies).
- Conditional Use
- Use '-면' (if) to describe conditions for growth. '평화가 유지되면 문화가 번성할 것이다' (If peace is maintained, culture will flourish).
예술이 번성하려면 자유로운 분위기가 필요합니다.
고대 이집트 문명은 나일강 유역에서 번성했다.
While '번성하다' might not be a word you use every day to order coffee, it is ubiquitous in specific domains of Korean life and media. If you enjoy watching Korean historical dramas (Sageuk), you will hear kings and advisors using this word constantly. They speak of '국가의 번성' (the prosperity of the nation) or '가문의 번성' (the prosperity of the clan). In these contexts, it carries a weight of responsibility and legacy. It's not just about money; it's about the survival and glory of a group over generations. This historical resonance makes the word feel slightly formal and sophisticated.
- Nature Documentaries
- Narrators use '번성하다' to describe how a species has adapted and dominated an area. '이 지역에는 사슴들이 번성하고 있습니다' (Deer are thriving in this region).
- Economic News
- Financial analysts use it to describe sectors that are seeing rapid expansion. '반도체 산업의 번성' (The flourishing of the semiconductor industry).
- Religious Blessings
- In prayers or traditional blessings (especially during New Year or weddings), people wish for a family to '번성'—meaning they hope for many descendants and wealth.
다큐멘터리에서 성우가 "이 초원에는 수많은 야생 동물이 번성하고 있습니다"라고 말했다.
You will also find this word in academic textbooks, particularly those focusing on world history or sociology. When discussing the 'Silk Road' or the 'Renaissance,' the word '번성하다' is the standard way to translate 'flourish' or 'thrive.' It is also common in tourism brochures. A city might be described as '과거와 현재가 공존하며 번성하는 도시' (A city that flourishes where the past and present coexist). This usage highlights the vibrant energy of a travel destination, making it sound more appealing than just 'busy' or 'big.'
뉴스 헤드라인: "K-컬처, 전 세계적으로 번성하다."
In a more personal but still slightly formal context, you might see this word in letters or speeches at milestone events like a 70th birthday (Chil-sun) or 80th birthday (Pal-sun). A family member might give a speech saying, '할아버지의 보살핌 덕분에 우리 가문이 이렇게 번성할 수 있었습니다' (Thanks to grandfather's care, our family was able to flourish like this). Here, it expresses deep gratitude and pride in the growth and health of the entire extended family. It’s a word that connects the individual to a larger lineage or community.
이 시장은 조선 시대부터 상업의 중심지로 번성해 왔다.
- Education
- Used in social studies to explain the rise of cities and civilizations.
- Business Reports
- Used to describe 'boom' periods in specific markets.
인터넷의 보급으로 새로운 형태의 커뮤니티가 번성하기 시작했다.
이곳은 예로부터 학문과 예술이 번성하던 곳이다.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with '번성하다' is confusing it with its close relative, 번식하다 (beonsik-hada). While both words come from the same Hanja root '번' (繁 - numerous), '번식하다' specifically means 'to breed' or 'to reproduce' in a biological sense. If you say a city is '번식하다,' it sounds like the city itself is biologically mating and having babies! Always use '번성하다' for the general prosperity of a place or group, and reserve '번식하다' for the scientific act of increasing numbers through reproduction.
- Mistake 1: Confusing Prosperity with Breeding
- Incorrect: 세균이 번성하고 있다 (Bacteria are flourishing - sounds like they are thriving culturally). Correct: 세균이 번식하고 있다 (Bacteria are reproducing/multiplying).
- Mistake 2: Using for Individuals
- Incorrect: 나는 요즘 번성하고 있다 (I am flourishing these days). Correct: 나는 요즘 잘 지내고 있다 or 내 사업이 번성하고 있다.
그 가게는 손님이 많아져서 번성하고 있다 (Not 번식하고).
Another common error is using the wrong particle. As mentioned before, '번성하다' is an intransitive verb. You should not use the object marker -을/를 with it. Many learners try to say '정부가 경제를 번성했다' (The government flourished the economy), but this is grammatically incorrect. You should say '정부 덕분에 경제가 번성했다' (Thanks to the government, the economy flourished) or use the causative form '번성시켰다' (made it flourish), though '발전시켰다' (developed) or '부흥시켰다' (revived) are often more natural in that context.
경제가 번성하다 (O) / 경제를 번성하다 (X).
Learners also sometimes over-apply '번성하다' to negative things. While you can technically say a 'crime-ridden area' is '번성' with crime, it sounds very sarcastic or literary. Usually, '번성하다' carries a positive, healthy, and constructive nuance. For negative things spreading, like rumors, diseases, or bad habits, words like '만연하다' (to be rampant) or '퍼지다' (to spread) are much more appropriate. Using '번성하다' for a plague would sound like you are cheering for the plague!
부정부패가 만연하다 (Not 번성하다).
- Register Mismatch
- Using '번성하다' in a very casual text to a friend about a small hobby might feel too grand or 'extra.' Use '잘 되고 있어' instead.
- Confusion with '번창하다'
- While similar, '번창하다' is specifically for business success. Using '번창하다' for a forest would be odd; '번성하다' is the correct choice there.
숲이 번성하다 (O) / 숲이 번창하다 (X).
그 도시는 상업이 번성하여 부유해졌다.
To truly master '번성하다,' you need to see how it fits into the family of Korean words for 'success' and 'growth.' Korean has a rich vocabulary for different types of prosperity, and choosing the right one can make your Korean sound much more native and nuanced. The most common alternative is 번영하다 (beon-yeong-hada). While '번성' emphasizes the lively, crowded, and vigorous state of growth, '번영' (繁榮) focuses more on the lasting peace, stability, and wealth of a nation or era. You '번성' during a boom, but you '번영' during a long period of stable success.
- 번성하다 vs. 번영하다
- '번성' is about the energy and abundance (busy streets, many plants). '번영' is about the glory and wealth (a powerful nation, a rich culture).
- 번성하다 vs. 번창하다
- '번창' is the go-to word for business. When a new restaurant is doing well, you say '사업이 번창하시길 바랍니다' (I hope your business prospers). '번성' is broader.
- 번성하다 vs. 융성하다
- '융성하다' (隆盛) is a very formal, high-level word often used for the 'flowering' of culture, art, or religion. It has a grander, more majestic feel than '번성'.
그 나라는 경제적 번영을 누리고 있다.
If you are talking about simple growth, you can use 성장하다 (seongjang-hada). This is the most neutral word and can be used for children, companies, or economies. However, '성장' only implies 'getting bigger,' while '번성' implies 'thriving and being full of life.' Similarly, 발전하다 (baljeon-hada) means 'to develop' or 'to progress.' You might '발전' (develop) a new technology so that your industry can '번성' (flourish). '발전' is the process; '번성' is the flourishing result.
이 가게가 번창하기를 기원합니다.
In literary contexts, you might see 창성하다 (changseong-hada), which is an older, more classical way to say flourish, or 흥왕하다 (heung-wang-hada), which suggests a sudden, powerful rise in prosperity. These are rare in daily speech but common in historical novels or religious texts. For biological contexts, if you want to emphasize the sheer number of things, 무성하다 (museong-hada) is used for thick, lush vegetation. A forest can be '번성' (thriving as an ecosystem) and the grass can be '무성' (growing thick and tall).
여름이 되자 마당에 풀이 무성하다.
- Summary Table
- - 번성: General vitality, abundance, thriving (Nature, History, Industry).
- 번영: Long-term peace and wealth (Nations, Eras).
- 번창: Business/Store success.
- 번식: Biological reproduction.
- 융성: Cultural/Artistic peak.
문화가 융성했던 르네상스 시대를 공부했다.
그 도시는 무역의 중심지로 크게 번성하고 있다.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The character 繁 (번) is the same 'beon' found in 'beon-hwa-ga' (a busy downtown street), highlighting its connection to crowded, lively places.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing 'beon' like 'bone' (should be 'bun').
- Missing the 'ng' nasal sound and saying 'beon-seon'.
- Pronouncing 'ha' too weakly, making it sound like 'beon-seong-a-da'.
- Stress on the first syllable, which sounds unnatural.
- Confusing the vowel 'eo' (ㅓ) with 'o' (ㅗ).
難易度
Common in news and history books, but requires knowledge of Hanja-based nuances.
Requires careful use of the subject marker and understanding of the intransitive nature.
Pronunciation is straightforward, but choosing the right context (not for individuals) is key.
Easily confused with '번식하다' or '번창하다' in fast speech.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Intransitive Verb Usage (자동사)
경제가 번성하다 (The economy flourishes) - No object marker used.
Noun Modification with -는/-ㄴ
번성하는 도시 (A flourishing city) vs 번성했던 도시 (A city that flourished).
Cause/Reason with -으로 인해
무역으로 인해 도시가 번성했다. (The city flourished due to trade.)
Progressive Aspect -고 있다
산업이 번성하고 있다. (The industry is flourishing.)
Resultative Aspect -어 오다
전통이 번성해 왔다. (The tradition has been flourishing.)
レベル別の例文
나무가 숲에서 번성해요.
Trees thrive in the forest.
Simple present tense with -어요.
꽃이 정원에서 번성해요.
Flowers are flourishing in the garden.
Subject marker -이 used with '꽃'.
이 시장은 사람이 많고 번성해요.
This market has many people and is flourishing.
Connecting two clauses with -고.
동물들이 산에서 번성해요.
Animals are thriving in the mountains.
Plural marker -들 added to '동물'.
우리 마을은 아주 번성해요.
Our village is very flourishing.
Adverb '아주' (very) modifies the verb.
식물이 물가에서 번성해요.
Plants thrive by the water.
Location marker -에서.
아이들이 건강하게 번성해요.
The children are thriving healthily.
Adverbial form '건강하게' (healthily).
가게에 손님이 많아서 번성해요.
Because there are many customers, the store is flourishing.
Cause and effect with -아서.
이 도시는 상업이 번성하고 있어요.
This city's commerce is flourishing.
Progressive form -고 있다.
옛날에 이 나라는 아주 번성했어요.
A long time ago, this country flourished greatly.
Past tense -었어요.
비가 오면 풀이 번성할 거예요.
If it rains, the grass will flourish.
Future/conditional -을 거예요.
관광객 덕분에 마을이 번성해요.
Thanks to tourists, the village is flourishing.
Using '덕분에' (thanks to).
그 회사는 전 세계에서 번성하고 있다.
That company is flourishing all over the world.
Written style present progressive.
좋은 땅에서 곡식이 번성합니다.
Crops flourish in good soil.
Formal polite ending -습니다.
새로운 문화가 도시에서 번성하고 있습니다.
A new culture is flourishing in the city.
Formal progressive -고 있습니다.
이 지역은 옛날부터 번성한 곳이에요.
This region is a place that has flourished since long ago.
Noun modifier form -ㄴ/은.
인터넷 기술의 발전으로 온라인 쇼핑이 번성했다.
Online shopping flourished with the development of internet technology.
Cause with '-으로 인해/발전으로'.
그 종은 따뜻한 기후에서 번성하기 쉽다.
That species is easy to flourish in a warm climate.
-기 쉽다 (easy to...).
무역이 번성하면서 도시의 인구도 늘어났다.
As trade flourished, the city's population also increased.
-면서 (while/as).
이곳은 한때 예술과 학문이 번성하던 곳이다.
This is a place where art and scholarship once flourished.
Retrospective modifier -던.
정부의 지원으로 중소기업들이 번성하고 있다.
SMEs are flourishing with government support.
Subject pluralization with -들.
가문이 번성하려면 자손이 건강해야 한다.
For a family to flourish, the descendants must be healthy.
Condition -으려면 (in order to).
이 섬에는 다양한 생물들이 번성하고 있습니다.
Various living things are flourishing on this island.
Formal honorific -습니다.
새로운 아이디어가 번성할 수 있는 환경을 만들어야 한다.
We must create an environment where new ideas can flourish.
-을 수 있는 (that can...).
로마 제국은 지중해를 중심으로 수백 년간 번성했다.
The Roman Empire flourished for hundreds of years around the Mediterranean.
Adverbial '중심으로' (centered on).
이 지역은 IT 산업의 중심지로 급격히 번성하고 있다.
This region is rapidly flourishing as a hub for the IT industry.
Adverb '급격히' (rapidly).
자유로운 분위기 속에서 창의적인 문화가 번성한다.
Creative culture flourishes in a free atmosphere.
Abstract location '분위기 속에서'.
과거의 영광을 되찾고 다시 번성하기 시작했다.
It regained past glory and began to flourish again.
-기 시작하다 (begin to...).
생태계가 파괴되면 어떤 생물도 번성할 수 없다.
If the ecosystem is destroyed, no living thing can flourish.
Negative condition '-면 ... 없다'.
그 학파는 18세기에 유럽 전역에서 번성했다.
That school of thought flourished throughout Europe in the 18th century.
Scope '전역에서' (throughout the area).
전통 시장이 대형 마트 사이에서도 여전히 번성하고 있다.
Traditional markets are still flourishing even among large supermarkets.
Concessive '사이에서도' (even among).
이 도시는 교육열 덕분에 학원가가 번성하게 되었다.
The private academy district came to flourish thanks to the passion for education.
-게 되다 (to become/come to be).
실크로드를 따라 동서양의 문명이 교류하며 번성했다.
Civilizations of the East and West exchanged and flourished along the Silk Road.
Simultaneous action -며.
권력의 중심이 이동하면서 새로운 세력이 번성하기 시작했다.
As the center of power shifted, new forces began to flourish.
Abstract subject '세력' (forces/power).
다양성이 존중받는 사회에서만 진정한 민주주의가 번성할 수 있다.
True democracy can flourish only in a society where diversity is respected.
Emphasis particle '-에서만' (only in).
그 문학 사조는 당시의 사회적 불안을 자양분 삼아 번성했다.
That literary trend flourished, using the social unrest of the time as nourishment.
Metaphorical '자양분 삼아' (taking as nourishment).
외래종의 유입으로 인해 토착 생물들이 번성할 기회를 잃었다.
Indigenous species lost the opportunity to flourish due to the influx of invasive species.
Noun phrase '번성할 기회' (opportunity to flourish).
상업적 번성 뒤에는 노동자들의 희생이 숨어 있었다.
Behind the commercial flourishing lay the hidden sacrifices of workers.
Nominalized '번성' used as a noun.
이 철학은 인간의 이성을 중시하는 풍토 속에서 번성해 왔다.
This philosophy has flourished in a climate that values human reason.
Perfective progressive -어 왔다.
정보의 홍수 속에서 오히려 가짜 뉴스가 번성하는 역설적인 상황이다.
It is a paradoxical situation where fake news flourishes amidst a flood of information.
Modifier '-는' in a complex sentence.
물질적 풍요가 반드시 정신적 번성을 담보하는 것은 아니다.
Material abundance does not necessarily guarantee spiritual flourishing.
Partial negation '반드시 ... 것은 아니다'.
역사적으로 제국들의 번성과 쇠퇴는 필연적인 과정을 밟아왔다.
Historically, the flourish and decline of empires have followed an inevitable process.
Contrast '번성과 쇠퇴' (flourish and decline).
인간의 탐욕이 번성할수록 자연의 생명력은 위축되기 마련이다.
As human greed flourishes, nature's vitality is bound to shrink.
-ㄹ수록 ... -기 마련이다 (the more... the bound to...).
이 고전 작품은 당대 사회의 모순을 날카롭게 비판하며 번성했던 풍자 문학의 정수이다.
This classic work is the essence of satirical literature that flourished by sharply criticizing the contradictions of contemporary society.
Complex noun modification.
특정 이데올로기가 번성하는 풍토에서는 비판적 사고가 마비될 위험이 크다.
In a climate where a specific ideology flourishes, there is a high risk that critical thinking will be paralyzed.
Abstract condition '풍토에서는'.
생태계의 평형이 깨지면 특정 종만이 기형적으로 번성하는 현상이 나타난다.
When the balance of the ecosystem is broken, a phenomenon occurs where only a specific species flourishes abnormally.
Adverb '기형적으로' (abnormally/deformedly).
도시의 번성도는 그 지역의 교통망과 밀접한 관련이 있다.
The degree of a city's flourishing is closely related to its transportation network.
Noun with suffix '-도' (degree).
고대 문명의 번성 원인을 규명하기 위해 수많은 고고학적 조사가 이루어졌다.
Numerous archaeological investigations were conducted to identify the causes of the flourishing of ancient civilizations.
Purpose clause '-기 위해'.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— A flourishing or thriving city.
우리는 번성하는 도시의 활기를 좋아한다.
— A period that once flourished; a golden age.
그때는 이 나라가 가장 번성했던 시기였다.
— The foundation for flourishing.
새로운 정책이 경제가 번성할 기틀을 마련했다.
— To begin to flourish.
봄이 오자 숲이 번성하기 시작했다.
— To have been flourishing over a period of time.
이 전통은 수백 년간 번성해 왔다.
— The possibility of flourishing.
이 신산업은 앞으로 번성할 가능성이 크다.
— A thriving market.
번성하는 시장에는 항상 기회가 있다.
— A thriving ecosystem.
번성하는 생태계를 유지하는 것이 중요하다.
— A flourishing clan or family.
그는 번성하는 가문의 일원으로서 자부심이 있다.
— A flourishing culture.
번성하는 문화는 사회에 활력을 불어넣는다.
よく混同される語
Means biological reproduction/breeding. '번성' is general thriving.
Specifically for business success. '번성' is more general.
Focuses on long-term peace and glory. '번성' focuses on vitality and abundance.
慣用句と表現
— If the family is at peace, everything prospers (including 'beonseong').
가화만사성이라더니, 집안이 화목하니 사업도 번성하는구나.
Proverb— A tree with deep roots (does not sway and flourishes).
뿌리 깊은 나무처럼 그 가문은 대대로 번성했다.
Literary— To bloom/flourish (metaphor for success).
그의 예술 혼이 드디어 번성하여 꽃을 피웠다.
Metaphorical— A fish in water (thriving in a perfect environment).
그는 새로운 팀에서 물 만난 고기처럼 번성하고 있다.
Colloquial— To make a long drive and take the enemy (to be on a winning streak/flourish).
그 회사는 신제품 출시 이후 승승장구하며 번성하고 있다.
Idiomatic— Like the rising sun (rising power and flourishing).
그 나라의 기세가 욱일승천하여 번성하고 있다.
Hanja Idiom— Adding flowers to silk (making something already flourishing even better).
경제가 번성하는 데 세금 감면까지 더해지니 금상첨화다.
Hanja Idiom— A market in front of the gate (so busy and flourishing that it looks like a market).
그 맛집은 매일 문전성시를 이루며 번성하고 있다.
Hanja Idiom— Steady progress every day and month (leading to flourishing).
그의 실력이 일취월장하여 사업도 함께 번성했다.
Hanja Idiom— A peaceful and prosperous reign.
세종대왕 시절은 조선의 가장 번성했던 태평성대였다.
Historical間違えやすい
Both involve getting bigger.
'성장' is simple growth (like a child), while '번성' is thriving abundance (like a golden age).
아이가 성장하다 (Child grows) vs 문명이 번성하다 (Civilization flourishes).
Both involve positive change.
'발전' is the process of improving/developing, while '번성' is the resulting state of thriving.
기술이 발전하다 (Technology develops) vs 산업이 번성하다 (Industry flourishes).
Both describe something spreading widely.
'만연' is used for negative things (corruption, disease), while '번성' is positive.
부패가 만연하다 (Corruption is rampant) vs 문화가 번성하다 (Culture flourishes).
Both describe abundance in nature.
'무성하다' is an adjective for 'thick/lush' plants, '번성하다' is a verb for 'thriving'.
풀이 무성하다 (Grass is thick) vs 생태계가 번성하다 (Ecosystem flourishes).
Both mean flourish.
'융성' is much more formal and usually reserved for art, culture, or religion at its peak.
불교가 융성하다 (Buddhism flourishes - majestic feel).
文型パターン
N-이/가 번성해요.
시장이 번성해요.
N-이/가 번성하고 있어요.
산업이 번성하고 있어요.
N 덕분에 N-이/가 번성했다.
무역 덕분에 도시가 번성했다.
N-이/가 번성하는 중심지이다.
이곳은 상업이 번성하는 중심지이다.
N-이/가 번성하기 시작했다.
문화가 번성하기 시작했다.
N-을/를 바탕으로 N-이/가 번성했다.
자유를 바탕으로 예술이 번성했다.
N-이/가 번성했던 시기이다.
그때는 문명이 가장 번성했던 시기이다.
N-의 번성은 N-을/를 의미한다.
상업의 번성은 국력의 강화를 의미한다.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Common in media, textbooks, and formal speech; rare in very casual slang.
-
사업을 번성하다
→
사업이 번성하다
'번성하다' is intransitive; it does not take an object marker.
-
도시가 번식하고 있다
→
도시가 번성하고 있다
'번식' is for biological breeding (babies); '번성' is for general thriving.
-
감기가 번성하다
→
감기가 유행하다 / 만연하다
'번성하다' is positive. Diseases don't 'flourish' in a positive sense.
-
내가 번성하고 싶다
→
내가 성공하고 싶다
'번성하다' is used for groups or systems, not usually for an individual person's career.
-
숲이 번창하다
→
숲이 번성하다
'번창' is for businesses and shops; '번성' is for nature.
ヒント
City Descriptions
When describing a vibrant city, use '번성하는 도시' to evoke a sense of history and success.
Subject Markers
Always pair '번성하다' with -이 or -가. Never use -을/를 unless using the causative -시키다.
Nature vs. Business
Remember: Forests '번성', but bakeries '번창'. Using the wrong one sounds slightly off.
Historical Context
Use this word when talking about the Roman Empire, the Goryeo Dynasty, or the Renaissance.
Synonym Choice
If you want to sound very academic, try '융성하다' instead of '번성하다' for culture or art.
Essay Booster
Using '번성하다' instead of just '많다' or '크다' will significantly improve your writing score.
News Keywords
In economic news, '번성' often signals a 'boom' in a specific sector like technology or exports.
New Year Wishes
You can wish a family '가문의 번성' during traditional holidays to show respect and deep well-wishing.
Species Success
In science, use '번성' to describe a species that is thriving in its habitat without focus on the act of mating.
Easy Recall
Think of 'Beon' as 'Abundance' and 'Seong' as 'Success'. Abundant Success = 번성.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Beon' as 'Bun' (like a lot of buns baking) and 'Seong' as 'Song' (a happy song). When a place is 'Beon-Seong', it's like a bakery full of buns and people singing happy songs because they are so successful!
視覚的連想
Imagine a time-lapse video of a desert turning into a lush green forest, or a small village growing into a neon-lit metropolis like Seoul. That transformation is '번성하다'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to find three things in your current life or environment that are '번성하고 있다'. Is it your garden? A local shopping mall? A new trend on social media? Write a sentence for each.
語源
Derived from the Hanja characters 繁 (번) and 盛 (성). 繁 means 'numerous,' 'frequent,' or 'luxuriant,' while 盛 means 'vigorous,' 'flourishing,' or 'full.' Together, they describe a state that is both abundant in quantity and vigorous in quality.
元の意味： Originally used in classical Chinese texts to describe lush vegetation and the crowded, busy nature of successful cities or markets.
Sino-Korean (Hanja-based vocabulary).文化的な背景
Generally a very safe and positive word. However, avoid using it to describe the 'flourishing' of negative things like crime or disease in formal settings, as it can sound inappropriately celebratory.
In English, we might use 'thrive' or 'flourish' interchangeably, but in Korean, '번성하다' feels slightly more formal and 'collective' than the English counterparts which can be used for individuals easily (e.g., 'I am flourishing').
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
History Class
- 고대 문명이 번성하다
- 황금기에 번성하다
- 무역로가 번성하다
- 국가가 번성하다
Business News
- 산업이 번성하다
- 시장이 번성하다
- 경제적 번성
- 신기술이 번성하다
Nature/Biology
- 종이 번성하다
- 생태계가 번성하다
- 식물이 번성하다
- 서식지에서 번성하다
Family/Tradition
- 가문이 번성하다
- 자손이 번성하다
- 대대로 번성하다
- 가업이 번성하다
Culture/Art
- 예술이 번성하다
- 문화적 번성
- 학문이 번성하다
- 사조가 번성하다
会話のきっかけ
"과거에 이 도시가 왜 그렇게 번성했는지 아세요? (Do you know why this city flourished so much in the past?)"
"요즘 어떤 산업이 가장 번성하고 있다고 생각하세요? (What industry do you think is flourishing the most these days?)"
"당신의 고향에서 가장 번성하는 곳은 어디인가요? (Where is the most flourishing place in your hometown?)"
"문화가 번성하기 위해 가장 필요한 조건은 무엇일까요? (What is the most necessary condition for culture to flourish?)"
"자연이 번성하는 모습을 보면 기분이 어떠세요? (How do you feel when you see nature thriving/flourishing?)"
日記のテーマ
내가 살고 있는 도시가 앞으로 어떻게 번성하면 좋을지 써 보세요. (Write about how the city you live in should flourish in the future.)
역사 속에서 가장 번성했던 시기에 대해 조사하고 그 이유를 설명해 보세요. (Research the most flourishing period in history and explain the reasons.)
나의 꿈이 번성하기 위해 어떤 노력이 필요한지 일기에 적어 보세요. (Write in your journal about what efforts are needed for your dreams to flourish.)
생태계가 번성하는 국립공원을 방문한다면 무엇을 보고 싶나요? (If you visited a national park where the ecosystem is flourishing, what would you want to see?)
우리 가족이 대대로 번성하기 위해 내가 할 수 있는 일은 무엇일까요? (What can I do to help my family flourish for generations?)
よくある質問
10 問It's better to use '성공하다' (succeed) or '승승장구하다'. '번성하다' sounds too large-scale for one person's job.
Rarely. It usually implies healthy, positive growth. For negative things, use '만연하다' or '창궐하다'.
'번창' is for business/stores. '번성' is for nature, history, and general industries. You wouldn't say a forest '번창'ed.
Use '번성시키다', but '발전시키다' (develop) or '부흥시키다' (revive) are often more natural.
'번성하다' is a verb. '번성' is the noun form.
Yes, '자손이 번성하다' is a very common and traditional expression for having many successful descendants.
No, it is an intransitive verb. The subject is the one flourishing.
It is typically considered B1/B2 level as it moves into abstract and historical topics.
Yes, '커뮤니티가 번성하다' (The community flourishes) is a great way to describe a busy online space.
Not as common as '잘 되다', but you'll hear it in serious discussions, news, or when talking about history/nature.
自分をテスト 200 問
Translate: 'The Roman Empire flourished for a long time.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using '번성하는 도시'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'I hope your business flourishes.' (Use '번창' as a synonym).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Plants thrive near the river.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using '번성하다' and '문화'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'The IT industry is flourishing in this region.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Many species flourish in the jungle.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using '번성했던 시기'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'The city flourished due to maritime trade.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'A community where ideas flourish.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'The family's descendants flourished for generations.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using '번성하기 시작했다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Prosperity brings new opportunities.' (Use '번성' as a noun).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Democracy flourishes in diversity.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about your hometown flourishing.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'The golden age of the Goryeo Dynasty.' (Use '번성').
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Thanks to the rain, the field flourished.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'A flourishing market is full of energy.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'To make a culture flourish, support is needed.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using '번성하다' and '학문'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Pronounce: 번성하다
Read this aloud:
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Say: 'The city flourishes.'
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Say: 'History flourishes.'
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Say: 'The industry is flourishing.'
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Say: 'Culture flourished in the past.'
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Explain '번성하다' in simple Korean.
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Say: 'I hope your family flourishes.'
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Say: 'This place flourished a long time ago.'
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Say: 'Trade flourished through the Silk Road.'
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Say: 'Many animals thrive here.'
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Say: 'New ideas are flourishing.'
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Say: 'The forest flourished after the rain.'
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Say: 'This is a flourishing market.'
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Say: 'Democracy flourishes in peace.'
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Say: 'The peak period of flourishing.'
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Say: 'The economy flourished greatly.'
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Say: 'Art flourished in the city.'
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Say: 'The descendants flourished.'
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Say: 'A place where scholarship flourished.'
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Say: 'The IT industry flourishes here.'
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Listen and identify the verb: '이 도시는 무역으로 번성했다.'
Listen and choose the meaning: '산업이 번성하고 있다.'
Listen and choose the subject: '문화가 번성하기 시작했다.'
Listen and identify the tense: '과거에 번성했던 도시.'
Listen and choose the synonym used: '사업이 번창하시길 바랍니다.'
Listen and identify the location: '숲에서 동물들이 번성한다.'
Listen and choose the reason: '비 덕분에 식물이 번성했다.'
Listen and identify the era: '조선 시대에 번성했다.'
Listen and choose the correct word: '번성' or '번식'?
Listen and identify the adverb: '크게 번성했다.'
Listen and choose the outcome: '무역이 번성하여 부자가 되었다.'
Listen and choose: '번성하는' vs '번성했던'.
Listen and identify the noun form: '번성기'.
Listen and choose the theme: '예술이 번성한 사회.'
Listen and identify the subject: '자손이 번성하다.'
/ 200 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
번성하다 is your 'power verb' for describing big-picture success and abundance. Whether it's the Roman Empire at its peak or a forest teeming with life, this word captures the essence of thriving vitality. Example: '이 도시는 무역으로 크게 번성했다' (This city flourished greatly through trade).
- 번성하다 means to flourish, thrive, or prosper on a large scale, such as in cities, nature, or whole industries.
- It is an intransitive verb, meaning the subject itself prospers (e.g., 'Business flourishes'), using the -이/가 markers.
- Avoid confusing it with '번식하다' (to reproduce biologically) or '번창하다' (strictly for business success).
- It carries a highly positive and energetic nuance, often used in historical, biological, and economic contexts.
City Descriptions
When describing a vibrant city, use '번성하는 도시' to evoke a sense of history and success.
Subject Markers
Always pair '번성하다' with -이 or -가. Never use -을/를 unless using the causative -시키다.
Nature vs. Business
Remember: Forests '번성', but bakeries '번창'. Using the wrong one sounds slightly off.
Historical Context
Use this word when talking about the Roman Empire, the Goryeo Dynasty, or the Renaissance.
例文
과거에 이 도시는 무역으로 번성했습니다.
関連コンテンツ
historyの関連語
고고학
B1考古学は、遺跡や遺物などの物質的資料を通じて人類の歴史を研究する学問です。文字のない時代の歴史を解明するのに不可欠です。
도래하다
B2到来する。ある時期や時代、歴史的な段階がやってくること。新しい時代が到来した。
배경
B1写真や風景の背景。事件や出来事の背後にある事情や環境。
연대순
B2出来事や情報の発生した時間順の配列。最も古いものから新しいものへと並べられます。歴史的なデータを整理する基本的な方法です。
문명
B1文明とは、人間が作り出した高度な社会状態や技術的成果のことです。
쇠퇴
B2勢いや状態が衰え、退くこと。衰退。例：「ローマ帝国の衰退」（로마 제국의 쇠퇴）。
출현
B1初めて現れたり、存在したりすること。
발굴하다
B1To excavate a site or to discover hidden talent, resources, or information. In an academic sense, it is often used for archeology or finding new research topics.
탐험
B1未知の地域を旅して、そこについて学び、何かを探す行為。物理的な旅、科学的研究、または知的な探求が含まれる場合があります。
변천사
B2The history of changes or transitions in a particular object, system, or society over a period of time.
