Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of comparing things in Portuguese using natural, irregular forms instead of clunky phrases.
- Replace 'mais bom' with the native 'melhor'.
- Differentiate between physical size and age using 'maior' and 'menor'.
- Express preferences and qualities confidently in everyday conversations.
学べること
Ready to take your Portuguese descriptions to the next level? In this super practical chapter, we're diving into how to compare things like a pro – but with a fun twist! You know how in English, you don't say 'more good,' you say 'better'? Well, Portuguese has its own special words for 'better,' 'worse,' 'bigger,' and 'smaller,' and they don't always follow the simple 'mais' pattern. We'll tackle four essential irregular forms: you'll master melhor (better), pior (worse), maior (bigger), and menor (smaller or younger). Forget 'mais bom' – it's always melhor! You'll also learn why you say maior instead of 'mais grande' for bigger, and how menor is your go-to for smaller or younger, especially in Brazil. Don't worry, these aren't tricky; they're just different, and once you get them, they'll sound totally natural. Why does this matter? Imagine you're at a Lisbon market, comparing prices or trying on clothes – 'This one is melhor!' or 'Do you have this menor?' Or maybe you're describing two friends: 'She's maior than him' (taller). By the end of these lessons, you won't just know the words; you'll intuitively use the correct irregular comparisons. You'll be able to confidently express preferences, describe differences, and sound much more like a native speaker. It's a small step that makes a *huge* difference in your conversations!
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「もっと良い」の言い方 (Mais Bomはダメ！)英語の 'good' が 'better' になるのと同じで、ポルトガル語でも 'bom' は必ず
melhorに変身します。 -
不規則比較級：より悪い (`pior`)「もっと悪い」と言いたい時は
piorを使いましょう。mauやruimをパワーアップさせた「不規則な形」だと覚えるのがコツです。 -
不規則比較級: `grande` → `maior` (より大きい)「もっと大きい」と言いたい時は
mais grandeではなくmaiorを使いましょう。複数はmaioresです。 -
不規則な比較級：Menor（より小さい）ブラジルでは
mais pequenoやmais menorは使いません。「より小さい」「より若い」と言いたいときはmenorを使いましょう！
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Correctly identify and use 'melhor', 'pior', 'maior', and 'menor' in simple sentences.
チャプターガイド
Overview
mais (more) to compare things, just like in English we don't say more good, Portuguese has its own special, irregular forms for common comparisons. Mastering these isn't just about memorizing words; it's about unlocking a more natural and fluent way to express yourself, boosting your CEFR A1 Portuguese proficiency significantly. We'll dive into four essential irregular comparative adjectives: melhor (better), pior (worse), maior (bigger, taller, older), and menor (smaller, younger).mais bom – it’s always melhor! You'll discover why maior is your go-to for bigger instead of mais grande, and how menor covers both smaller and younger, especially in Brazilian Portuguese. By the end of this guide, you’ll confidently compare prices at a market, describe family members, and express preferences with ease, making a huge difference in your Portuguese conversations!How This Grammar Works
better, worse, bigger, or smaller, you usually don't just add mais (more) to the adjective. Instead, you use special, irregular forms. This is a key part of Portuguese grammar A1 that helps you sound truly authentic.- 1Melhor (Better): This word is used instead of
mais bom(more good).
- 1Pior (Worse): This word replaces
mais mau(more bad).
- 1Maior (Bigger, Taller, Older): You use maior instead of
mais grande(more big). This adjective is versatile and can refer to size, height, or age.
- 1Menor (Smaller, Younger): This word replaces
mais pequeno(more small). Like maior, menor can refer to size or age, particularly in Brazilian Portuguese.
[noun] é [comparative adjective] que [noun/pronoun]. These irregular forms are crucial for mastering comparative adjectives in A1 Portuguese.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ Wrong: *Este livro é mais bom.*
good has an irregular comparative form (better). You should always use melhor instead of mais bom.- 1✗ Wrong: *A minha cidade é mais grande que a sua.*
bigger or larger, the correct irregular comparative is maior, not mais grande. It applies to size, height, or even age.- 1✗ Wrong: *O meu cão é mais pequeno que o teu.*
smaller, the correct irregular comparative is menor, not mais pequeno. This also applies to age (younger).
Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
Can I ever use mais bom or mais mau in Portuguese?
No, you should always use melhor for better and pior for worse. These are fixed irregular forms in Portuguese grammar.
Is maior only for physical size?
No, maior can mean bigger (size), taller (height), or older (age). For example, *Ele é maior que eu* can mean
He is taller than meor
He is older than me.
What's the difference between mais pequeno and menor?
While mais pequeno is sometimes heard in very informal contexts or when referring to literal smallness, the correct and natural comparative for smaller is menor. It's also used for younger, especially in Brazil.
Are there other irregular comparatives I should know for A1 Portuguese?
For A1 Portuguese, melhor, pior, maior, and menor are the most crucial irregular comparatives. You've got the essentials covered!
Cultural Context
重要な例文 (2)
ヒントとコツ (4)
レッドカードに注意！
melhor に言い換えてください。初心者が一番やってしまいがちなミスです。「良い・悪い」をセットで！
bom（良い）が melhor（もっと良い）になるのと全く同じルールです。 mau（悪い）も特別な形の pior になると覚えましょう。 Este café é melhor.迷ったら「maior」を使おう！
mais grande は会話ではほとんど使いません。何かを比べる時は、99% maior を選べば自然で正解です。 Minha casa é maior.「もっともっと」はNG！
mais と menor を一緒に使ってはいけません。 mais menor は間違いで、不自然に聞こえてしまいます。重要な語彙 (5)
Real-World Preview
Market Shopping
Review Summary
- X + é + melhor + do que + Y
- X + é + pior + do que + Y
- X + é + maior + do que + Y
- X + é + menor + do que + Y
よくある間違い
Learners often try to apply the 'mais' rule to everything. Remember that 'bom' is irregular.
Even though 'grande' is a regular adjective, its comparative form is irregular. Avoid 'mais grande'.
Using 'mais' with an already irregular comparative is redundant. 'Pior' already includes the comparative meaning.
このチャプターのルール (4)
Next Steps
You have done an excellent job mastering these tricky forms. Keep practicing, and you will be sounding fluent in no time!
Compare items in your room aloud.
クイック練習 (3)
O meu carro é ___ (better) que o teu.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「もっと良い」の言い方 (Mais Bomはダメ！)
正しい選択肢を選んでください：
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「もっと良い」の言い方 (Mais Bomはダメ！)
As tuas notas são melhor que as minhas.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 「もっと良い」の言い方 (Mais Bomはダメ！)
Score: /3
よくある質問 (6)
O homem é melhor も A mulher é melhor も同じ形でOKです。muito melhor を使いましょう。mais melhor は間違いなので注意してください。Este café é pior.mau は「悪い」ですが、 pior は「もっと悪い」という比較の形です。 O filme é mau, mas este é pior.
maior を使います。 grande は不規則に変化するので、 mais grande とは言わずに maior と言います。例えば Minha casa é maior que a suaです。
maior は男女共通です！ o carro（男性）でも a casa（女性）でも、どちらも maior を使うので簡単ですよ。
