A1 · 初級 チャプター 6

Who Are You? Pronouns

2 トータルルール
20 例文
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power of Russian pronouns and discover how words change to define their roles.

  • Identify personal pronouns in various contexts.
  • Recognize how noun endings hint at their purpose.
  • Construct simple sentences describing yourself and others.
Master the art of being and belonging.

学べること

Mastering personal pronouns and their roles in sentences. Learning how to identify subjects and objects.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly identify and use personal pronouns to introduce yourself and others.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: distinguish between subjects and objects through basic noun case awareness.

重要な例文 (4)

1

Я сейчас в Старбаксе.

I am at Starbucks right now.

ロシア語の人称代名詞：私、あなた、彼、彼女 (Я, Ты, Он...)
2

Ты любишь суши?

Do you like sushi?

ロシア語の人称代名詞：私、あなた、彼、彼女 (Я, Ты, Он...)
3

Это мой друг.

This is my friend.

ロシア語の格変化：名詞の役割を決める秘密のコード
4

Я вижу друга.

I see a friend.

ロシア語の格変化：名詞の役割を決める秘密のコード

ヒントとコツ (2)

🎯

The 'Vy' of Respect

In very formal writing (like a contract), you might see 'Вы' capitalized as 'Вы'. In daily texts, keep it lowercase unless it's starting a sentence.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の人称代名詞：私、あなた、彼、彼女 (Я, Ты, Он...)
🎯

The 'Pizza' Rule

If you're stuck on feminine endings, remember 'Пицца' becomes 'Пиццу'. This -а to -у shift is the most common one you'll use daily!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の格変化：名詞の役割を決める秘密のコード

重要な語彙 (6)

Я I Ты You (informal) Он He Она She Мы We Имя Name

Real-World Preview

handshake

Meeting a New Friend

Review Summary

  • Pronoun + Verb
  • Root + Ending

よくある間違い

In Russian, the verb 'to be' is often omitted in the present tense.

Wrong: Я есть Иван.
正解: Я Иван.

Pronouns must match the gender of the noun they describe.

Wrong: Он — моя подруга.
正解: Она — моя подруга.

You used the object case incorrectly. Keep it simple for now!

Wrong: Меня зовут Я.
正解: Меня зовут Иван.

Next Steps

You have done a fantastic job! Keep practicing, and don't worry—the cases will become second nature soon.

Label objects in your room with pronouns

Continue to: The Case System Begins

クイック練習 (6)

Fill in the blank with the correct pronoun for 'I'.

___ учу русский язык.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я
'Я' means 'I' and is the correct subject for 'am learning Russian'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の人称代名詞：私、あなた、彼、彼女 (Я, Ты, Он...)

Which sentence correctly uses the Accusative case?

Choose the correct way to say 'I want pizza':

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу пиццу.
When 'пицца' is the object of the verb 'хочу' (want), the feminine ending -а changes to -у.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の格変化：名詞の役割を決める秘密のコード

Find and fix the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Кофе с сахар.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кофе с сахаром.
After 'с' (with), we use the Instrumental case. For masculine nouns, we usually add -ом.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の格変化：名詞の役割を決める秘密のコード

Which pronoun should you use for your boss?

How do you say 'You' to a manager?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Вы
'Вы' is the formal version of 'you' used for professional or respectful contexts.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の人称代名詞：私、あなた、彼、彼女 (Я, Ты, Он...)

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'Москва' (Prepositional).

Я сейчас в ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Москве
After 'в' (in) to indicate location, we use the Prepositional case, which usually ends in -е.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の格変化：名詞の役割を決める秘密のコード

Fix the mistake in the sentence about a feminine noun 'Газета' (Newspaper).

Find and fix the mistake:

Где газета? Оно здесь.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Где газета? Она здесь.
Since 'газета' ends in -а, it is feminine and must be replaced by 'Она'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の人称代名詞：私、あなた、彼、彼女 (Я, Ты, Он...)

Score: /6

よくある質問 (4)

No, 'я' is only capitalized if it's the first word of a sentence. Otherwise, keep it lowercase.
Use 'Оно' for neuter nouns that usually end in -о or -е, like 'окно' (window) or 'море' (sea).
It allows for flexible word order! Because the endings show the role of each word, you can move them around for emphasis without losing the meaning.
Yes! Start with Nominative (dictionary form), then Accusative (objects) and Prepositional (locations). These three are the 'survival kit' for A1.
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The Present Tense World
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The Case System Begins
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