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A2 verb 9分で読める

闭馆

bi guan

練習する例文メモとヒント闭馆 30秒で

解説闭馆 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 闭馆 (bìguǎn) means 'to close' for big buildings like libraries and museums. Think of it as a special way to say 'close' when you are talking about school or sightseeing.

You will mostly see this word on signs at the museum entrance. For example, if you see “5:00 闭馆”, it means you must leave by 5:00 PM. It is very simple to use: just say the name of the place and then 闭馆.

Don't worry about the formal grammar yet. Just remember: Library + 闭馆. It's like saying 'Library close.' Even if your grammar isn't perfect, people will understand you are talking about the closing time.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 闭馆 in full sentences to talk about schedules. You should know that museums in China often close on Mondays, so the phrase “周一闭馆” (zhōuyī bìguǎn) is very important for your travel plans.

You should also be able to ask questions using this word. For example: “请问，图书馆几点闭馆？” (Excuse me, what time does the library close?). This is a very useful sentence for students.

Notice the difference between 闭馆 and 关门. While you can use 关门 for a shop, using 闭馆 for a museum makes you sound more like a native speaker. It shows you know the specific word for public buildings.

At the B1 level, you should understand 闭馆 in the context of announcements and written notices. You will encounter phrases like “即将闭馆” (about to close) and “提前闭馆” (close early).

You should also be able to explain why something is closed. For example: “因为要装修，所以博物馆下个月闭馆。” (Because of renovation, the museum will be closed next month.). Using '因为...所以...' with 闭馆 is a classic B1 structure.

You might also hear the word used as a noun-modifier, such as “闭馆时间” (closing time). Try to use this in your writing when describing a day out or a study plan. It adds a layer of formal vocabulary to your Chinese.

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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with 闭馆 in formal and administrative contexts. You should recognize it in official 'Public Notices' (公告) where the language is more dense. For instance, “因不可抗力因素，本馆临时闭馆。” (Due to force majeure, this hall is temporarily closed.)

You should also understand the nuances of the '馆' suffix. This word applies to 图书馆 (library), 博物馆 (museum), 美术馆 (art gallery), 体育馆 (gym), and 展览馆 (exhibition hall). Understanding this pattern helps you expand your vocabulary rapidly.

In discussions about public policy or urban life, you might use 闭馆 to talk about the accessibility of public resources. For example, debating whether libraries should have later 闭馆时间 to accommodate workers.

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At the C1 level, you should be able to use 闭馆 in sophisticated academic or professional discussions. You might discuss the 'social impact of the 闭馆 of cultural institutions during the pandemic.' Here, the word is used as part of a larger sociological or economic argument.

You should also be familiar with related formal terms like “闭馆维护” (closure for maintenance) or “闭馆休整” (closure for rest/reorganization). These are common in the management of heritage sites and national archives.

Your ability to distinguish 闭馆 from highly specific commercial terms like 打烊 or theatrical terms like 闭幕 should be flawless. You understand that 闭馆 implies a temporary stop in a recurring schedule of public service.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 闭馆 and can use it in any register, from bureaucratic writing to literary descriptions. You might encounter it in literature where the 'closing of the hall' serves as a metaphor for the end of an era or the isolation of a character.

You understand the historical etymology of the characters—how 闭 evolved from a gate being barred and how 馆 shifted from a place of lodging to a general term for public institutions. This deep knowledge allows you to appreciate the word's weight in formal documents.

Furthermore, you can navigate complex administrative notices that combine 闭馆 with other high-level vocabulary, such as “鉴于场馆升级，本馆将无限期闭馆，直至另行通知。” (In view of facility upgrades, this hall will be closed indefinitely until further notice.)

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練習する例文メモとヒント

闭馆 30秒で

Used specifically for closing public institutions like libraries, museums, and gyms.
More formal than '关门' and reserved for buildings ending in the suffix '-馆'.
Commonly seen in schedules, official announcements, and museum travel planning (e.g., Monday closures).
Functions as an intransitive verb; you describe the building closing, not a person closing a door.

The term 闭馆 (bìguǎn) is a formal and specific verb-object construction used primarily in the context of institutional closures. To understand this word, we must look at its component characters: 闭 (bì), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close,' and 馆 (guǎn), which refers to a public building, hall, or establishment such as a library, museum, or gallery. Unlike the more generic term 关门 (guānmén), which can apply to anything from a bedroom door to a small grocery store, 闭馆 carries a tone of administrative authority and is strictly reserved for large-scale public or private institutions.

Core Usage: It specifically denotes the end of daily operating hours or a temporary cessation of services for a venue that serves the public interest, such as a 博物馆 (museum) or 体育馆 (gymnasium).
Semantic Nuance: When a sign says '今日闭馆' (Closed Today), it implies an official schedule. You will hear this word most frequently in public announcements over loudspeakers or see it on official websites and physical signage at the entrance of major city landmarks.

“由于内部装修，本图书馆将从下周一起闭馆一周。”
— (Due to interior renovation, this library will be closed for one week starting next Monday.)

In daily conversation, native speakers use 闭馆 to discuss schedules. For instance, if you are planning a trip to the Forbidden City or the National Museum of China, you would check the 闭馆时间 (closing time). It is important to note that many museums in China follow a 'Monday Closing' rule, known as 周一闭馆 (zhōuyī bìguǎn). This is a standard practice across the country, making the word an essential part of any traveler's or resident's vocabulary.

“对不起，我们馆已经到了闭馆时间，请各位游客尽快离开。”
— (Sorry, it is already our closing time; visitors please leave as soon as possible.)

The word is also used in written notices to explain reasons for closure, such as 闭馆维护 (closed for maintenance) or 闭馆休整 (closed for rest and reorganization). Unlike '关门', which can sound abrupt or informal, 闭馆 sounds professional and organized. If you are a student, you might complain to your friends that the school library 闭馆太早 (closes too early) during the exam season, emphasizing the institutional nature of the facility you are referencing.

Common Compound Forms

闭馆日 (Bìguǎn rì): Closing day (usually a specific day of the week).
闭馆公告 (Bìguǎn gōnggào): Official closure notice.
闭馆期间 (Bìguǎn qījiān): During the closure period.

Using 闭馆 (bìguǎn) correctly requires understanding its role as a verb-object phrase that functions as an intransitive verb in most English translations. You don't usually 'close the building' using this word in the same way you 'close a door.' Instead, the building itself closes. The syntax typically follows the pattern: [Institution] + [Time/Reason] + 闭馆.

Pattern 1: Indicating Time: The most common use is to state when an institution shuts its doors for the day.
Example: 图书馆晚上十点闭馆。(The library closes at 10 PM.)

“这家美术馆每逢周一闭馆。”
— (This art gallery is closed every Monday.)

In more complex sentences, 闭馆 can be modified by adverbs or used within conditional clauses. For instance, when expressing the reason for a closure, the reason usually precedes the verb. You might say “因故闭馆” (Closed for unspecified reasons) on a sign, or “因天气原因临时闭馆” (Temporarily closed due to weather conditions). This structure is highly formal and common in administrative announcements.

Pattern 2: As a Noun-like Modifier: While primarily a verb, it often modifies nouns to describe specific times or rules.
Example: 请在闭馆前离开。(Please leave before the closing time.)

“如果你在闭馆之后才到，你就进不去了。”
— (If you arrive after the closing time, you won't be able to get in.)

Another key grammatical point is that 闭馆 is inherently institutional. You cannot use it for a home, a small shop, or a restaurant. For those, you must use 关门 (guānmén) or 打烊 (dǎyàng). If you mistakenly say “我的家闭馆了” (My house is closed as an institution), it would sound very strange and humorous to a native speaker, as if you consider your home a museum or a public library.

“由于疫情影响，很多博物馆都处于闭馆状态。”
— (Due to the pandemic, many museums are in a closed state.)

Lastly, when asking about the closing time, the question is usually “几点闭馆？” (What time do you close?). This is the polite and standard way to inquire at the reception desk of any major public venue. It shows a higher level of language proficiency than using the basic 关门.

The word 闭馆 (bìguǎn) is ubiquitous in the public sphere of urban China. If you are a student, a tourist, or a culture enthusiast, you will encounter this word daily. The most common place to hear it is through automated public announcements. As the clock approaches the end of the day, a polite, often female voice will broadcast a message across the halls of a library or museum, reminding patrons that the facility is about to close.

The Announcement Context: “各位读者请注意，本馆即将闭馆...” (Attention readers, the library is about to close...) This is the quintessential 'closing time' experience in Chinese academia.

“请在闭馆前办理好图书借阅手续。”
— (Please complete your book borrowing procedures before the library closes.)

Beyond audio announcements, 闭馆 is a staple of digital interfaces. When using popular Chinese apps like WeChat (微信) or Meituan (美团) to book tickets for a venue, the status of the venue will often be marked as “今日闭馆” or “已闭馆”. This is crucial for travelers who need to plan their itineraries around the operating hours of sites like the National Museum in Beijing or the Shanghai Museum.

“公示：因电力检修，本馆将于明天下午三点提前闭馆。”
— (Public Notice: Due to electrical maintenance, this hall will close early tomorrow at 3 PM.)

In news reports and formal documents, 闭馆 is used to describe large-scale events. For example, during a major political summit or a public health crisis, you might hear news anchors say “全市图书馆暂时闭馆” (All libraries in the city are temporarily closed). This usage highlights the administrative and collective nature of the word. It isn't just about one door being shut; it's about an entire institution ceasing its public-facing operations.

Where to See the Characters

Entrance Signs: Usually listed next to '开馆' (Opening).
Websites: Under the 'Visit' or 'Hours' section.
Tickets: Printed on the back to inform guests of when they must leave.

Finally, in the academic world, the phrase “闭馆铃声” (closing bell/music) is a nostalgic concept for many Chinese university students. It refers to the specific melody played when the school library closes at night, signaling the end of a long day of study. The word 闭馆 thus becomes associated not just with a physical action, but with a daily rhythm of life and learning.

The most frequent error English speakers make with 闭馆 (bìguǎn) is over-generalization. In English, the word 'close' is a 'one-size-fits-all' verb. You close a book, a shop, a museum, and a conversation. In Chinese, however, vocabulary is much more specialized. Using 闭馆 to describe closing a small retail store or a restaurant is a common 'foreigner mistake' that sounds overly formal and contextually inappropriate.

Mistake 1: The 'Shop' Error: Saying “这家便利店闭馆了” (This convenience store has closed as an institution) is incorrect. A convenience store is not a '馆' (hall/institution). You should use 关门 (guānmén) or 打烊 (dǎyàng).

“商店闭馆了” → “商店关门了。”
— (Correction: Shops '关门' (close doors), they don't '闭馆'.)

Another common mistake involves the transitivity of the verb. In English, you can say 'I closed the museum early.' In Chinese, you cannot say “我闭馆了博物馆”. 闭馆 already contains the object '馆' (building/hall). It is a verb-object compound that functions as an intransitive unit. If you are the manager and you are closing the facility, you would say “我们要闭馆了” (We are about to close) or use the causative “闭馆时间到了”.

“闭馆窗户” → “关窗户。”
— (Correction: You '关' (close) a window, you never '闭馆' a window.)

Confusing 闭馆 (bìguǎn) with 闭幕 (bìmù) is a third common error. While both mean 'to close,' 闭幕 refers specifically to the closing of a ceremony, a play (dropping the curtain), or a conference. You 闭馆 a library every night, but you 闭幕 a film festival once a year at its conclusion. Using 闭馆 for a ceremony sounds like you are physically shutting down the building rather than ending the event.

Mistake 3: Duration vs. Action: Learners often forget that 闭馆 can describe both the action of closing and the state of being closed. However, to emphasize the state, it is better to say “处于闭馆状态” (in a closed state) or “闭馆中” (currently closed).

To master Chinese, you must distinguish 闭馆 (bìguǎn) from its many synonyms. Each word for 'closing' has a specific domain. While 闭馆 is for institutions, other words cover commercial, theatrical, and physical closures.

1. 关门 (guānmén) vs. 闭馆: 关门 is the general term. It can be used for institutions too, but it is less formal. If you are talking to a friend, you might say “图书馆关门了”. But on the library's website, they will write “本馆已闭馆”.
2. 打烊 (dǎyàng) vs. 闭馆: 打烊 is specifically for businesses like shops, restaurants, and bars. It has a commercial connotation. You would never say a museum 打烊 because a museum isn't selling goods in the same way a store is.
3. 歇业 (xiēyè) vs. 闭馆: 歇业 means to 'rest from business.' It is used when a shop or company stops operating for a period, often due to financial trouble or a holiday. 闭馆 is just the daily or scheduled end of hours.

Comparison Table

Word	Context	Formality
闭馆	Museums, Libraries	High (Official)
关门	General (Doors, Shops)	Neutral/Low
打烊	Shops, Restaurants	Commercial
闭幕	Events, Ceremonies	Event-based

Another alternative is 停止开放 (tíngzhǐ kāifàng), which literally means 'stop being open to the public.' This is even more formal than 闭馆 and is often used in legal or very official government notices. For example, “该景区因安全原因停止开放” (The scenic area has stopped being open due to safety reasons).

In summary, while English uses 'close' for everything, Chinese requires you to look at what is being closed. If the object is a '馆' (hall/institution), 闭馆 is your go-to word. If it's a business, use 打烊. If it's a ceremony, use 闭幕. If it's just a door, use 关门.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In ancient times, '馆' specifically referred to state-run guesthouses for traveling officials. Today, it has expanded to include any large public building for culture or sport.

発音ガイド

UK /biː ɡwæn/

US /bi ɡwɑn/

Primary stress on 'bì', secondary on 'guǎn'.

韻が合う語

馆 (guǎn) rhymes with 晚 (wǎn), 饭 (fàn - though tone differs), 满 (mǎn). 闭 (bì) rhymes with 意 (yì), 气 (qì), 地 (dì).

よくある間違い

Using the first tone for 'bì' (making it sound like 'force').
Using the second tone for 'guǎn' (making it sound like 'official').
Pronouncing 'guan' like 'go-an' instead of a single glide.
Failing to drop the pitch enough on the fourth tone.
Misidentifying the third tone as a flat low tone.

難易度

読解 2/5

The characters are common but '馆' has many strokes.

ライティング 3/5

Writing '馆' correctly requires practice with the '饣' radical.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward if tones are mastered.

リスニング 1/5

Easily recognizable in public announcements.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

关门图书馆博物馆时间开

次に学ぶ

营业打烊闭幕维护公告

上級

歇业停止开放封馆休整

知っておくべき文法

Verb-Object (VO) Compounds

闭 (close) + 馆 (hall) = 闭馆.

Time Phrases as Adverbials

五点 (5:00) + 闭馆.

Separable Verbs (离合词) - Rare for 闭馆

虽然是离合词，但通常不分开用。

Negation with '不'

今天不闭馆。

Completed Action with '了'

已经闭馆了。

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レベル別の例文

图书馆闭馆了。

The library is closed.

Subject + Verb-Object.

博物馆五点闭馆。

The museum closes at five.

Time comes before the verb.

今天不闭馆。

It's not closed today.

Use '不' for negation.

什么时候闭馆？

When does it close?

Question word '什么时候'.

体育馆闭馆了吗？

Is the gym closed?

Question particle '吗'.

那里已经闭馆了。

It is already closed there.

Adverb '已经' + '了' for completed state.

我们要闭馆了。

We are about to close.

Future intent with '要...了'.

闭馆了，请走吧。

It's closed, please leave.

Imperative with '请'.

这家美术馆周一闭馆。

This art gallery is closed on Mondays.

Specific time '周一'.

图书馆几点闭馆？

What time does the library close?

Inquiry about time.

因为下雨，今天闭馆。

Because of rain, it's closed today.

Reason '因为' precedes the action.

请在闭馆前离开。

Please leave before closing.

Prepositional phrase '...前'.

这儿闭馆太早了。

It closes too early here.

Adverb '太' + '了'.

闭馆以后，你可以去公园。

After it closes, you can go to the park.

Time phrase '...以后'.

他们每天九点闭馆。

They close at nine every day.

Frequency '每天'.

那个馆今天临时闭馆。

That hall is temporarily closed today.

Adverb '临时' (temporarily).

由于装修，本馆将闭馆一个月。

Due to renovation, this hall will be closed for a month.

Formal reason '由于'.

我们必须在闭馆之前把书还了。

We must return the books before the library closes.

Modal verb '必须'.

闭馆公告已经贴在门口了。

The closure notice has been posted at the door.

Passive-like state with '贴在'.

很多小城市的图书馆周日也闭馆。

Libraries in many small cities are also closed on Sundays.

Inclusive '也'.

你可以在官网上查询闭馆时间。

You can check the closing time on the official website.

Preposition '在...上'.

如果闭馆了，我们就去喝咖啡。

If it's closed, we'll go grab coffee.

Conditional '如果...就...'.

听到闭馆铃声，大家开始离开。

Hearing the closing bell, everyone started to leave.

Participial-like structure '听到...'.

这个博物馆通常在春节期间闭馆。

This museum usually closes during the Spring Festival.

Time duration '期间'.

鉴于天气恶劣，天文馆决定临时闭馆。

In view of the severe weather, the planetarium decided to close temporarily.

Formal connector '鉴于'.

闭馆期间，所有的借阅服务都将暂停。

During the closure, all borrowing services will be suspended.

Noun phrase '闭馆期间'.

该馆的闭馆时间因季节而异。

The closing time of this hall varies by season.

Structure '因...而异'.

为了保护文物，部分展馆需要定期闭馆休整。

To protect cultural relics, some exhibition halls need regular closure for rest.

Purpose clause '为了'.

如果不提前通知就闭馆，游客会很不满。

If they close without prior notice, tourists will be very dissatisfied.

Negative condition '不...就...'.

闭馆前十五分钟，广播会提醒游客。

Fifteen minutes before closing, the broadcast will remind visitors.

Time subtraction '前...分钟'.

这家私人博物馆最近一直处于闭馆状态。

This private museum has been in a closed state recently.

State description '处于...状态'.

闭馆并不意味着工作人员也下班了。

Closing the hall doesn't mean the staff has finished work too.

Concessive '并不意味着'.

频繁的闭馆维护引发了公众对管理效率的质疑。

Frequent closures for maintenance have sparked public questioning of management efficiency.

Complex subject with '引发'.

该馆采取了错峰闭馆的策略，以保证每日都有馆开放。

The institution adopted a staggered closing strategy to ensure some halls are open every day.

Purpose connector '以'.

闭馆公告的措辞应当准确无误，以免造成误解。

The wording of the closure notice should be accurate to avoid misunderstanding.

Negative purpose '以免'.

随着数字化的普及，实地闭馆对读者的影响正在减小。

With the popularization of digitization, the impact of physical closures on readers is decreasing.

Progressive structure '随着...正在'.

闭馆后的展厅显得格外宁静而神秘。

The exhibition halls after closing appear exceptionally quiet and mysterious.

Adverbial modifier '格外'.

管理层正就在法定节假日是否闭馆进行激烈讨论。

Management is currently having a heated discussion on whether to close during statutory holidays.

Embedded question '是否'.

长期闭馆导致了该文化遗产的知名度有所下降。

Long-term closure has led to a decline in the popularity of the cultural heritage site.

Causative '导致'.

闭馆不仅是服务的停止，更是对内部资源的一次梳理。

Closing is not just a stop in service, but also a reorganization of internal resources.

Correlative '不仅是...更是...'.

那座古老的图书馆在时代的洪流中悄然闭馆，沦为废墟。

That ancient library quietly closed amidst the torrent of time, falling into ruins.

Literary/Metaphorical usage.

闭馆之举，实为万不得已之策，旨在应对突如其来的财政危机。

The move to close the hall was indeed a last resort, aimed at dealing with a sudden financial crisis.

Classical-style connectors '实为', '旨在'.

纵观历史，无数名馆因战乱而闭馆，其藏品亦随之流散。

Throughout history, countless famous halls closed due to war, and their collections were dispersed as a result.

Historical perspective '纵观'.

闭馆前的最后一次钟声，在空旷的大厅里激荡起层层回响。

The final bell before closing stirred layers of echoes in the empty hall.

Descriptive/Evocative language.

对于学者而言，图书馆的闭馆无异于精神家园的暂时封锁。

For scholars, the closing of the library is no different from a temporary blockade of their spiritual home.

Analogy '无异于'.

该政策规定，凡属国家级场馆，非经批准不得擅自闭馆。

The policy stipulates that all national-level venues shall not close without authorization.

Legalistic '凡属...不得'.

闭馆期间的寂静，仿佛在为即将到来的盛大开幕积蓄力量。

The silence during the closure seems to be gathering strength for the upcoming grand opening.

Personification '仿佛在...积蓄力量'.

在信息爆炸的今天，实地馆舍的闭馆往往伴随着线上资源的全面开放。

In today's information explosion, the physical closure of premises is often accompanied by the full opening of online resources.

Societal observation '往往伴随着'.

よく使う組み合わせ

闭馆时间

临时闭馆

周一闭馆

提前闭馆

闭馆公告

闭馆维护

准备闭馆

即将闭馆

闭馆日

延迟闭馆

よく使うフレーズ

今日闭馆

— Closed today. Used on signs.

门口挂着‘今日闭馆’的牌子。

闭馆铃声

— The music or bell played at closing time.

闭馆铃声响了，走吧。

因故闭馆

— Closed due to unspecified reasons.

美术馆因故闭馆，深表歉意。

闭馆期间

— During the period of closure.

闭馆期间禁止入内。

闭馆前夕

— Just before closing time.

他在闭馆前夕赶到了图书馆。

永久闭馆

— Closed permanently.

那家旧电影院已经永久闭馆了。

闭馆通知

— Closure notice.

你看到闭馆通知了吗？

闭馆休整

— Closed for cleaning or reorganization.

每周一闭馆休整。

准时闭馆

— To close exactly on time.

这里每天下午五点准时闭馆。

闭馆清理

— Closing for cleaning.

体育馆周五闭馆清理。

よく混同される語

闭馆 vs 关门

关门 is for any door/shop; 闭馆 is only for institutions.

闭馆 vs 打烊

打烊 is for commercial businesses (shops/restaurants); 闭馆 is for cultural venues.

闭馆 vs 闭幕

闭幕 is for the end of an event/ceremony; 闭馆 is for the building's hours.

慣用句と表現

"闭门谢客"

— To close one's door and refuse visitors (not specific to '馆' but related).

他最近心情不好，闭门谢客。

Literary

"闭关锁国"

— To close the country to international relations (historical term).

清朝实行闭关锁国政策。

Historical

"闭目塞听"

— To shut one's eyes and stop one's ears; to be out of touch.

我们不能闭目塞听，要了解世界。

Literary

"闭关修炼"

— To seclude oneself to practice/study (often used jokingly).

为了考试，我要闭关修炼一个月。

Informal

"杜门谢客"

— Similar to 闭门谢客; closing doors to guests.

他告老还乡后，杜门谢客。

Formal

"闭门造车"

— To build a cart behind closed doors; to act blindly without regard for reality.

做研究不能闭门造车。

Idiomatic

"关门大吉"

— To close a business for good (often sarcastic).

那家店经营不善，关门大吉了。

Sarcastic

"闭月羞花"

— Beauty that makes the moon hide and flowers blush (unrelated to closing buildings).

她长得闭月羞花。

Literary

"闭口不言"

— To keep one's mouth shut; refuse to speak.

他对这件事闭口不言。

Formal

"闭关自守"

— To close off and defend oneself; isolationism.

企业不能闭关自守，要合作。

Formal

間違えやすい

闭馆 vs 闭幕

Both mean 'to close' and start with '闭'.

闭幕 is for events; 闭馆 is for buildings.

奥运会闭幕了，但体育馆没闭馆。

闭馆 vs 关门

Both are used for closing.

关门 is general; 闭馆 is formal/institutional.

超市关门，图书馆闭馆。

闭馆 vs 打烊

Both describe daily closing.

打烊 is for profit-making shops; 闭馆 is for public halls.

咖啡馆打烊，博物馆闭馆。

闭馆 vs 歇业

Both mean not being open.

歇业 is stopping business; 闭馆 is just daily schedule.

书店歇业，美术馆周一闭馆。

闭馆 vs 封馆

Both involve the hall being closed.

封馆 implies a lockdown or security measure; 闭馆 is routine.

体育馆因安全检查封馆。

文型パターン

[Place] + 闭馆了。

图书馆闭馆了。

[Place] + [Time] + 闭馆。

博物馆五点闭馆。

因为 [Reason]，[Place] 闭馆。

因为装修，美术馆闭馆。

由于 [Reason]，本馆临时闭馆。

由于停电，本馆临时闭馆。

[Place] 处于闭馆状态。

该展馆目前处于闭馆状态。

请在闭馆前 [Action]。

请在闭馆前还书。

鉴于 [Reason]，决定提前闭馆。

鉴于天气，决定提前闭馆。

凡 [Condition] 者，不得擅自闭馆。

凡国家场馆，不得擅自闭馆。

語族

名詞

闭馆日 (Closing day)

闭馆时间 (Closing time)

场馆 (Venue/Hall)

動詞

开馆 (To open a hall)

闭馆 (To close a hall)

使い方

frequency

Common in urban areas and academic settings.

よくある間違い

Using '闭馆' for a small shop. → 使用 '关门' 或 '打烊'。
Shops are not '馆' (halls/institutions).
Saying '闭馆图书馆' (Closing the library). → 图书馆闭馆了。
闭馆 is intransitive and already contains the word for 'hall'.
Confusing '闭馆' with '闭幕' for a movie. → 电影结束了。
闭幕 is for ceremonies/plays; 闭馆 is for buildings.
Putting the time after the verb ('闭馆五点'). → 五点闭馆。
In Chinese, time adverbs must precede the verb.
Using '闭馆' for a person shutting their eyes. → 闭眼。
闭馆 is only for buildings.

ヒント

Word Order

Always remember that the time or the day of the week goes before '闭馆'. For example: '周一闭馆' (Closed on Monday).

Monday Rule

If you are planning a trip to China, never plan museum visits on a Monday because most will be '周一闭馆'.

The '-馆' Suffix

Check the name of the place. If it ends in '馆', you are safe to use '闭馆'.

Politeness

When asking about closing times, use '请问' (Excuse me) to sound more professional and polite.

Announcements

If you hear '即将闭馆' over a speaker, it's time to find the exit!

Formal Notices

In written notices, '因故闭馆' is a very common way to say 'closed for some reason'.

Study Groups

Use '闭馆' when talking to classmates about the library hours to sound more academic.

Apps

On apps like Meituan, look for the '闭馆' tag before traveling to a scenic spot.

Tones

The fourth tone on 'bì' is very strong. Make sure you drop your voice sharply.

Intransitive Use

Treat '闭馆' like the English word 'close' in 'The store closes,' not 'I close the store'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a BEE (bì) flying into a large GUAN-tanamo-sized building and the doors slamming shut.

視覚的連想

Visualize the character 闭 (bì) as a gate with a latch across it. The character 馆 (guǎn) has the 'food' radical on the left, so imagine a building where you 'consume' knowledge (library) or culture (museum) closing its doors.

Word Web

博物馆图书馆体育馆美术馆开馆闭馆时间闭馆日临时闭馆

チャレンジ

Try to use '闭馆' instead of '关门' next time you talk about a public building. See if you can spot the '闭馆' sign at a local Chinese cultural center.

語源

The character 闭 (bì) depicts a bar (才, though simplified now) inside a gate (门), representing the physical act of barring a door. The character 馆 (guǎn) combines the radical for food (饣) and the phonetic 'guān' (官), originally meaning a place where guests or officials were fed and lodged.

元の意味： To bar the doors of a guesthouse or public building.

Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic).

文化的な背景

Be aware that '闭馆' is purely for buildings; using it for people or abstract concepts can be confusing.

In English, we just say 'The museum is closing.' We don't have a special verb for institutions vs. shops.

The National Museum of China closing procedures. The Forbidden City's strict 'Monday Closing' policy. Kenny G's 'Going Home' as the unofficial '闭馆' anthem.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At a Library

图书馆几点闭馆？
闭馆铃声响了。
闭馆前要还书。
今天闭馆吗？

Sightseeing

博物馆周一闭馆。
由于下雨，景区闭馆。
闭馆时间是下午五点。
请看闭馆公告。

Campus Life

体育馆闭馆太早了。
考试周延迟闭馆。
闭馆后去哪儿自习？
我们要闭馆了，走吧。

Official Websites

今日闭馆。
闭馆维护中。
近期闭馆通知。
因故临时闭馆。

Public Transit/Announcements

本馆即将闭馆。
闭馆前请带好财物。
闭馆时间已到。
感谢配合，下次再见。

会話のきっかけ

"你知道这个博物馆几点闭馆吗？ (Do you know what time this museum closes?)"

"图书馆今天为什么闭馆了？ (Why is the library closed today?)"

"我们得在闭馆之前赶到那里。 (We need to get there before they close.)"

"你听，闭馆铃声响了。 (Listen, the closing bell is ringing.)"

"周一闭馆，我们明天再去吧。 (It's closed on Monday, let's go tomorrow.)"

日記のテーマ

描述一次你因为博物馆闭馆而没能进去的经历。 (Describe a time you couldn't get into a museum because it was closed.)

你觉得图书馆应该延迟闭馆时间吗？为什么？ (Do you think libraries should delay their closing times? Why?)

写一段话，介绍你家乡博物馆的开馆和闭馆时间。 (Write a paragraph introducing the opening and closing times of a museum in your hometown.)

如果你是馆长，你会选择在什么时候闭馆？ (If you were the curator, when would you choose to close the hall?)

描述闭馆后的图书馆是什么样子的。 (Describe what the library looks like after it closes.)

よくある質問

10 問

No, you should use 打烊 or 关门. 闭馆 is specifically for institutional halls like museums or libraries.

This is a standard national policy (周一闭馆) to allow for internal maintenance, cleaning, and staff training.

闭馆 refers to the building closing for the day. 停止开放 is more formal and often used for scenic areas or when a place closes for a long time.

It is primarily a verb-object compound that acts as an intransitive verb (e.g., 'The library closes'). However, it can modify nouns like '时间' to become 'closing time'.

You can say: '图书馆闭馆了吗？' (Is the library closed?)

No. You cannot use 闭馆 as a transitive verb with an object. You should say '我们要闭馆了' (We are about to close).

It means 'Closed Today'. You will see this on signs at the entrance of museums or libraries.

It is the music or bell played to signal that an institution is about to close, very common in Chinese universities.

Yes, if the gym is called a '体育馆' (Tǐyùguǎn), you can use 闭馆.

Both. It's common in spoken announcements and written notices/schedules.

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