驳斥 30秒で
- To disprove an idea or statement with evidence.
- Strongly contradict a claim using logic.
- Systematically dismantle an argument.
- Refute with facts or solid reasoning.
- Core Meaning
- To refute or contradict an opinion, theory, or allegation with evidence or logic. It implies a strong, often formal, rejection of something that has been presented.
- Contexts
- This word is commonly used in debates, academic discussions, legal proceedings, political arguments, and any situation where a claim or statement needs to be systematically disproven. It suggests that the refutation is based on facts, reasoning, or a superior argument.
- Nuance
- Unlike simply disagreeing, 驳斥 (bóchì) emphasizes the act of actively dismantling and disproving the opposing point. It's a strong verb that signifies a successful counter-argument or a clear demonstration of falsehood.
The scientist presented data to 驳斥 the unfounded claims about the vaccine's side effects.
The lawyer's cross-examination aimed to 驳斥 the witness's testimony.
During the debate, the candidate strongly 驳斥 the accusations of corruption leveled against him.
- Structure
- The typical structure is Subject + 驳斥 + Object (the statement, claim, theory, or allegation being refuted). The subject is usually the one doing the refuting, and the object is what is being refuted.
- Examples
- The government spokesperson was tasked to 驳斥 the rumors circulating online.
- She meticulously prepared her arguments to 驳斥 the opposing team's research findings.
- Historical evidence was used to 驳斥 the outdated theories about the origin of the civilization.
- Adding Detail
- You can add adverbs or phrases to indicate how the refutation was done, such as '有力地驳斥' (forcefully refute) or '用事实驳斥' (refute with facts).
The committee was established to 驳斥 any misinformation regarding the new policy.
He decided to 驳斥 the allegations publicly to clear his name.
- Formal Settings
- You'll frequently encounter 驳斥 in news reports covering political debates, court proceedings, and academic conferences. For instance, a news anchor might say, "The opposition party issued a statement to 驳斥 the government's economic figures." Similarly, in a courtroom drama, a lawyer might attempt to 驳斥 a witness's testimony.
- Academic and Intellectual Discourse
- In academic papers, lectures, and scholarly discussions, 驳斥 is used when authors or speakers are critically evaluating existing theories or research. For example, "The paper aims to 驳斥 the prevailing hypothesis by presenting new experimental results." This highlights the rigorous, evidence-based nature of the refutation.
- Media and Public Statements
- Public figures, spokespersons, and organizations often use 驳斥 when responding to criticism, accusations, or misinformation. A company might release a statement to 驳斥 false rumors about product safety, or a celebrity might 驳斥 tabloid gossip.
- Online Debates and Forums
- While the language can be more informal online, the concept of 驳斥 is still present. People might write comments like, "I need to 驳斥 this comment with some facts about climate change." It's used when someone feels a need to counter an argument with evidence, even in a less formal setting.
The politician's speech was largely dedicated to 驳斥 the claims made by his opponent.
Scientists continue to 驳斥 pseudoscience with verifiable evidence.
- Confusing with Simple Disagreement
- A common mistake is to use 驳斥 when a simpler verb like 'disagree' (不同意) or 'oppose' (反对) would suffice. 驳斥 specifically implies a refutation with evidence or logic, not just a difference of opinion.
- Incorrect Object
- Using 驳斥 to refute something that isn't a statement, claim, theory, or allegation. For example, you wouldn't 驳斥 a person directly, but you would 驳斥 the accusations made by that person. The object of 驳斥 must be an idea or statement.
- Lack of Evidence/Logic Implication
- Using 驳斥 to describe an emotional outburst or a simple denial without any supporting reasoning. While the refutation might be passionate, the core of 驳斥 lies in its logical or evidential basis. Simply saying "I refute you!" without explanation doesn't fit the meaning of 驳斥.
- Overuse in Casual Conversation
- While possible, it can sound overly formal or aggressive if used excessively in very casual, everyday chats where a simpler expression would be more natural. For instance, if your friend says, "I think pizza is the best food," you wouldn't typically 驳斥 them; you might just say, "I prefer pasta."
Incorrect: He 驳斥 his friend's opinion that cats are better than dogs.
Correct: He 驳斥 his friend's argument that cats are better than dogs by presenting statistics on dog loyalty.
Incorrect: The child 驳斥 the toy he didn't like.
Correct: The child refused the toy, finding the reason given by his parent unconvincing.
- 反驳 (fǎnbó)
- Similarities: Both mean to refute or rebut. They are often interchangeable and imply countering an argument or statement.
- Differences: 驳斥 (bóchì) often carries a stronger sense of definitively disproving or refuting something, sometimes with more force or authority. 反驳 (fǎnbó) can be a more general term for countering an argument, and might not always imply a complete dismantling of the opposing point. Think of 驳斥 as a more decisive 'knockout' and 反驳 as a strong 'counter-punch'.
- 辩驳 (biànbó)
- Similarities: Also involves refuting or arguing against something.
- Differences: 辩驳 emphasizes the argumentative or debating aspect. It suggests a back-and-forth exchange where one is trying to refute points made by another, often in a more structured debate setting. It focuses on the skill of argumentation used to refute.
- 否认 (fǒurèn)
- Similarities: Both involve rejecting something.
- Differences: 否认 simply means to deny or negate. It doesn't inherently imply providing evidence or logic to disprove something. You can 否认 a fact, a statement, or responsibility without necessarily refuting it with arguments. 驳斥 is a much stronger action that involves active disproof.
- 反驳 vs. 驳斥 vs. 辩驳
- 反驳 (fǎnbó): General term for rebutting an argument.
- 驳斥 (bóchì): Stronger, often implies definitive disproof with evidence/logic.
- 辩驳 (biànbó): Emphasizes the skill of argumentation in refuting, often in a debate.
The journalist 反驳 the politician's statement with facts from his report.
The defense lawyer skillfully 辩驳 the prosecutor's claims during the trial.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The character 驳 (bó) itself has a visual component related to 'horse' (马) and 'many' or 'mixed' (攵), suggesting a horse of mixed colors or a horse that is difficult to control, which might have contributed to its meaning of being able to distinguish or refute.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the initial 'b' as an aspirated 'p' (like in 'pot').
- Using a long vowel sound for 'o' in 'bó'.
- Not aspirating the 'ch' sound in 'chì'.
- Confusing the tones, especially if they are unfamiliar with Mandarin tones.
難易度
This word is commonly found in news articles, academic texts, and formal debates. Understanding its nuance requires familiarity with contexts where arguments are presented and countered.
Using 驳斥 correctly in writing requires understanding its specific meaning of refutation with evidence or logic, and placing it appropriately in formal or semi-formal contexts.
When speaking, using 驳斥 effectively involves conveying a sense of reasoned opposition rather than mere disagreement. It's best used in debates or discussions where you are presenting counter-arguments.
Recognizing 驳斥 in spoken Chinese helps in understanding formal arguments, news reports, and debates. It signals that a claim is being actively challenged.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Verb-Object Structure
Subject + 驳斥 + Object (e.g., 他 驳斥 了 谣言 - He refuted the rumors).
Adverbial Modifiers
Subject + Adverb + 驳斥 + Object (e.g., 他 有力地 驳斥 了 指控 - He forcefully refuted the accusations).
Prepositional Phrases for Basis
Subject + 用 + 证据/事实 + 驳斥 + Object (e.g., 科学家 用 实验数据 驳斥 了 理论 - Scientists used experimental data to refute the theory).
Modal Verbs and Aspect Markers
Subject + 已经/曾经/正在 + 驳斥 + Object (e.g., 他 已经 驳斥 了 那些说法 - He has already refuted those statements).
Sentence Structure with Clauses
因为...所以...; 虽然...但是...; 尽管...仍... (used to frame the context for refutation) (e.g., 尽管证据不足，他仍试图驳斥指控。 - Despite insufficient evidence, he still tried to refute the accusations.)
レベル別の例文
The scientist used experimental data to 驳斥 the old theory.
The scientist used experimental data to refute the old theory.
The journalist's article aimed to 驳斥 the rumors about the company's financial problems.
The journalist's article aimed to refute the rumors about the company's financial problems.
During the debate, she powerfully 驳斥 her opponent's claims.
During the debate, she powerfully refuted her opponent's claims.
He presented evidence to 驳斥 the accusation that he was late.
He presented evidence to refute the accusation that he was late.
The government spokesperson tried to 驳斥 the negative public opinion.
The government spokesperson tried to refute the negative public opinion.
The teacher explained why the student's reasoning was incorrect and 驳斥ed it.
The teacher explained why the student's reasoning was incorrect and refuted it.
The historical society worked to 驳斥 myths about the city's founding.
The historical society worked to refute myths about the city's founding.
The lawyer's closing statement was designed to 驳斥 all the prosecution's arguments.
The lawyer's closing statement was designed to refute all the prosecution's arguments.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To refute forcefully or strongly. This emphasizes the power and effectiveness of the refutation.
他有力地驳斥了那些不实的指控，并提供了确凿的证据。
— To refute with facts. This highlights that the refutation is based on objective evidence and data.
在辩论中，我们必须用事实驳斥任何不实的言论。
— To refute rumors. This is a common usage when addressing misinformation.
公司发言人立即发布声明，驳斥了关于产品召回的谣言。
— To refute accusations. This is used when someone is denying and disproving allegations made against them.
他坚决驳斥了所有对他不当行为的指控，并表示将寻求法律途径。
— To refute a viewpoint or opinion. This is used when challenging a specific perspective or idea.
该论文旨在驳斥那个长期存在的关于历史事件的观点。
— To refute a theory. This is common in academic or scientific contexts where existing theories are challenged.
新的科学发现可能会驳斥现有的物理学理论。
— To refute a statement or claim. This is a general phrase for disproving something that has been said.
她不得不驳斥他关于会议内容的说法，因为他完全记错了。
— To refute criticism. This is used when responding to negative feedback or objections.
尽管面临批评，公司仍试图驳斥外界对其服务质量的质疑。
— To refute or dismiss an alarm or warning. This is less common and implies dismissing a warning as unfounded.
专家驳斥了关于即将发生经济危机的警报，认为其可能性不大。
— Unable to refute; unanswerable. This describes a situation where a statement or claim is so strong or true that it cannot be disproven.
他的证据如此充分，以至于对方无从驳斥。
よく混同される語
Often interchangeable, but 驳斥 can imply a more decisive or forceful disproof. Think of 驳斥 as a stronger form of refutation.
否认 is simply to deny. 驳斥 involves active disproof with evidence or logic, making it a much stronger action.
辩解 means to explain or justify oneself, often in response to criticism or accusation. It's about defending one's actions or statements, whereas 驳斥 is about disproving another's claims.
間違えやすい
Both words mean to refute or rebut an argument or statement.
驳斥 (bóchì) implies a more definitive and often stronger refutation, usually backed by solid evidence or logic. It suggests a complete dismantling of the opposing point. 反驳 (fǎnbó) is a more general term for countering an argument and might not always carry the same weight of definitive disproof.
The scientist <strong>驳斥</strong>ed the flawed hypothesis with new data. (Strong, decisive disproof). The politician <strong>反驳</strong>ed the interviewer's question. (Countered the question).
Both involve countering arguments.
辩驳 (biànbó) emphasizes the skill of argumentation and debate in refuting points, suggesting a back-and-forth process. 驳斥 (bóchì) focuses more on the act of disproving itself, often with a singular, strong counter-argument or evidence.
The lawyer skillfully <strong>辩驳</strong>ed the prosecutor's claims throughout the trial. (Focus on the argumentative process). The expert <strong>驳斥</strong>ed the pseudoscience with clear scientific facts. (Focus on the disproof).
Both involve rejecting a statement.
否认 (fǒurèn) simply means to deny something is true or to disclaim responsibility. It doesn't require evidence or logic. 驳斥 (bóchì) is a more active and rigorous process of disproving a claim using evidence or logical reasoning.
He <strong>否认</strong>ed stealing the money. (Just said it wasn't him). He <strong>驳斥</strong>ed the accusation of theft by providing an alibi and receipts. (Disproved the accusation).
Both involve criticism and refutation.
批驳 (pībó) often implies a more critical and sometimes severe refutation, carrying a tone of strong disapproval or condemnation along with the act of disproving. 驳斥 (bóchì) is more neutral in its tone, focusing purely on the logical or evidential disproof.
The editorial <strong>批驳</strong>ed the government's policy as irresponsible and harmful. (Criticism + refutation). The researcher <strong>驳斥</strong>ed the outdated theory with new findings. (Focus on disproof).
Both correct something.
纠正 (jiūzhèng) means to correct an error, mistake, or misunderstanding. It's about fixing something that is wrong. 驳斥 (bóchì) is specifically about disproving a claim, argument, or theory that is presented as valid but is considered false.
The teacher <strong>纠正</strong>ed the student's spelling mistake. (Fixed an error). The scientist <strong>驳斥</strong>ed the flawed hypothesis. (Disproved an idea).
文型パターン
Subject + 驳斥 + Object.
他<strong>驳斥</strong>了那些不准确的报道。
Subject + 驳斥 + Object + 的 + Claim/Statement.
她<strong>驳斥</strong>了他关于项目的奇怪说法。
Subject + 用 + 证据/事实 + 驳斥 + Object.
科学家<strong>用</strong>实验<strong>数据</strong><strong>驳斥</strong>了旧理论。
Subject + 有力地 + 驳斥 + Object.
发言人<strong>有力地</strong><strong>驳斥</strong>了关于公司财务状况的谣言。
Subject + 试图/尝试 + 驳斥 + Object.
尽管证据不足，他仍<strong>试图</strong><strong>驳斥</strong>指控。
Object + 是 + Subject + <strong>驳斥</strong> + 的 + 重点。
那些<strong>不实</strong>的<strong>指控</strong>是<strong>他</strong><strong>驳斥</strong>的<strong>重点</strong>。
Subject + <strong>驳斥</strong> + Object, 并 + Action.
他<strong>驳斥</strong>了所有质疑，<strong>并</strong>提供了详细的解释。
Subject + <strong>驳斥</strong> + Object, <strong>以</strong> + Reason/Purpose.
她<strong>驳斥</strong>了那些批评，<strong>以</strong>证明自己的清白。
語族
動詞
関連
使い方
High in formal contexts, medium in general educated discourse.
-
Using 驳斥 for simple disagreement.
→
Using words like 'disagree' (不同意) or 'oppose' (反对) for everyday differences of opinion.
驳斥 implies a refutation with evidence or logic, not just a difference of opinion. It's a stronger action.
-
Using 驳斥 to describe an emotional outburst.
→
Using 驳斥 to describe a reasoned counter-argument or disproof.
While refutations can be passionate, the core of 驳斥 lies in its logical or evidential basis, not just emotional reaction.
-
Confusing 驳斥 with 否认.
→
Using 否认 for simple denial and 驳斥 for active disproof with evidence.
否认 is just saying 'no' or 'it's not true.' 驳斥 requires providing reasons or evidence to show why something is false.
-
Overusing 驳斥 in casual conversation.
→
Using more informal language for everyday disagreements.
驳斥 is formal. Using it in casual chats can sound overly serious or even confrontational.
-
Applying 驳斥 to people instead of statements/claims.
→
Applying 驳斥 to claims, theories, statements, or allegations made by people.
You refute an argument or a claim, not the person directly. For example, you 驳斥 the accusation, not the accuser.
ヒント
Focus on the 'Why'
When you use 驳斥, always think about the 'why' – the evidence or logic behind the refutation. This will help you choose the right context and ensure your usage is accurate and impactful.
Sound Association
Associate the sound 'bó' with a 'blow' and 'chì' with a sharp 'shout' of contradiction. Imagine delivering a strong, logical blow that silences a false claim with a definitive shout of 'No!'
Formal Settings First
Start by practicing 驳斥 in formal contexts like reading news articles or watching debates. This will help you internalize its serious and evidence-based connotation before attempting it in more casual settings.
Distinguish from Similar Words
Pay close attention to the nuances between 驳斥, 反驳, and 辩驳. Understanding these differences will allow you to select the most precise word for your intended meaning.
Sentence Construction
Actively construct sentences using 驳斥. Try to create scenarios where a claim needs to be disproven and then write the sentence describing the refutation, including the basis for it.
Identify in Text
When reading Chinese texts, actively look for the word 驳斥. Note the surrounding context to understand what is being refuted and what evidence or logic is used. This will solidify your understanding.
Tone and Aspiration
Practice the pronunciation carefully, paying attention to the tones and the aspiration of the 'ch' sound. Correct pronunciation is crucial for clear communication, especially in formal settings where 驳斥 is used.
Value of Reason
Understand that in Chinese culture, the ability to present logical arguments and evidence is highly valued. 驳斥 is a manifestation of this value when challenging incorrect ideas.
Opposite Actions
Learning the antonyms like 支持 (support) and 承认 (admit) helps to define 驳斥 by contrast. It reinforces that 驳斥 is about actively disagreeing and disproving, not agreeing or supporting.
Real-World Scenarios
Think about real-world scenarios where 驳斥 is used – a scientist debunking a myth, a lawyer disproving a witness, or a journalist correcting false information. Visualizing these scenarios can make the word more memorable.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a 'box' (sounds like 驳) that you are trying to 'cheat' (sounds a bit like 斥) your way out of. To do this, you have to logically and with evidence 驳斥 the rules of the box. Or, think of a 'boat' (bó) that is 'chasing' (chì) away incorrect ideas.
視覚的連想
Picture someone holding up a large, red 'X' sign over a document that contains false information. The 'X' signifies the act of refuting or disproving the content. Alternatively, visualize a strong wall being built to 驳斥 an incoming wave of misinformation.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to find an article online that discusses a controversial topic. Identify a claim made in the article and then try to write a short paragraph (in English or Chinese) explaining how you would 驳斥 that claim using hypothetical evidence or reasoning.
語源
The word 驳斥 is composed of two characters: 驳 (bó) and 斥 (chì). 驳 (bó) originally meant to distinguish or discriminate, and later came to mean to refute, contradict, or mix colors. 斥 (chì) means to expel, drive out, or to blame/reprimand. Together, they form a meaning of driving out or expelling an incorrect idea or statement.
元の意味： The combination suggests actively pushing away or expelling a false or incorrect claim or idea.
Sino-Tibetan文化的な背景
While 驳斥 is a strong word, its usage is generally appropriate in contexts where a claim needs to be disproven. It's not typically used for casual disagreements or personal attacks unless those attacks are based on unfounded allegations that need to be refuted.
In English-speaking cultures, similar concepts exist with words like 'refute,' 'rebut,' 'disprove,' and 'counter.' The emphasis on evidence-based arguments is also a shared value in formal discourse.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Political debates and news reporting
- 驳斥对手的说法
- 驳斥不实指控
- 有力驳斥了政府的政策
Academic and scientific discussions
- 驳斥现有理论
- 用实验数据驳斥
- 驳斥学者的观点
Legal proceedings
- 驳斥证人证词
- 驳斥控方论点
- 律师驳斥了证据
Responding to misinformation or rumors
- 驳斥谣言
- 驳斥不实信息
- 官方驳斥了传闻
Intellectual arguments and critiques
- 驳斥其论点
- 驳斥错误的认知
- 驳斥这种观点
会話のきっかけ
"Have you ever had to 驳斥 someone's argument? What was it about?"
"When is it important to 驳斥 misinformation, and when might it be better to ignore it?"
"Can you think of a time when a scientific theory was 驳斥ed by new evidence?"
"How does the concept of 驳斥 differ from simply disagreeing with someone?"
"What are the best ways to 驳斥 an argument effectively and respectfully?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a situation where you witnessed someone <strong>驳斥</strong> a false claim. What evidence or logic did they use?
Reflect on a time you had to <strong>驳斥</strong> a belief or idea that was widely accepted but you knew was wrong. What was the outcome?
Imagine you are a lawyer in a trial. What strategy would you use to <strong>驳斥</strong> the opposing side's main argument?
Write a short debate scenario where one character tries to <strong>驳斥</strong> another's viewpoint on a social issue. Focus on the reasoning and evidence used.
Consider a historical event or scientific discovery. How was a prevailing idea or theory <strong>驳斥</strong>ed to make way for new understanding?
よくある質問
10 問While often interchangeable, 驳斥 (bóchì) generally implies a stronger, more decisive refutation, often supported by solid evidence or logic, aiming to completely dismantle the opposing point. 反驳 (fǎnbó) is a more general term for rebutting or countering an argument and might not always carry the same weight of definitive disproof. Think of 驳斥 as a knockout punch and 反驳 as a strong counter-attack.
Using 驳斥 in very casual conversation might sound overly formal or aggressive. It's best reserved for situations where you are genuinely presenting evidence or logic to disprove a specific claim, rather than just expressing a different opinion. For casual disagreements, simpler phrases like 'I disagree' (我不同意) or 'That's not right' (不对) are more common.
Yes, the core meaning of 驳斥 implies that the refutation is based on evidence or logic. While the evidence might not always be explicitly stated in the sentence, its presence or the implication of its existence is key to the word's meaning. Simply stating 'I refute it' without any basis wouldn't fit the typical usage of 驳斥.
You don't typically 驳斥 a person directly. Instead, you 驳斥 their statements, claims, theories, or allegations. The object of 驳斥 is usually an idea, argument, or piece of information, not the individual making it.
Common objects of 驳斥 include rumors (谣言), accusations (指控), misinformation (不实信息), outdated theories (过时理论), false claims (虚假说法), and incorrect arguments (错误论点).
驳斥 itself is not inherently negative; it describes an action of disproving. However, it is often used in contexts of conflict or disagreement, such as refuting accusations or debunking false claims, which can be perceived as negative by the person or idea being refuted. The act of refuting with logic and evidence is generally seen as a positive intellectual exercise.
Use 否认 (fǒurèn) when you simply want to state that something is not true or that you are not responsible for something. Use 驳斥 (bóchì) when you are actively disproving a claim, statement, or theory by providing evidence or logical reasoning against it. 否认 is passive negation; 驳斥 is active disproof.
Absolutely. 驳斥 is a very common and appropriate word to use in debates when you are countering an opponent's arguments or statements with your own evidence and reasoning. It signifies a strong refutation within the debate context.
The tone of 驳斥 is generally firm, logical, and assertive. It implies confidence in the refutation being presented. It is not typically emotional or aggressive, but rather based on reason and evidence.
Common adverbs that modify 驳斥 include 有力地 (yǒulì de - forcefully), 坚决地 (jiānjué de - firmly), 彻底地 (chèdǐ de - thoroughly), and 成功地 (chénggōng de - successfully). These adverbs emphasize the effectiveness or manner of the refutation.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
驳斥 (bóchì) means to refute or contradict something, like an opinion, theory, or allegation, by using evidence or logic. It's a strong action of disproving an idea that has been presented.
- To disprove an idea or statement with evidence.
- Strongly contradict a claim using logic.
- Systematically dismantle an argument.
- Refute with facts or solid reasoning.
Focus on the 'Why'
When you use 驳斥, always think about the 'why' – the evidence or logic behind the refutation. This will help you choose the right context and ensure your usage is accurate and impactful.
Sound Association
Associate the sound 'bó' with a 'blow' and 'chì' with a sharp 'shout' of contradiction. Imagine delivering a strong, logical blow that silences a false claim with a definitive shout of 'No!'
Formal Settings First
Start by practicing 驳斥 in formal contexts like reading news articles or watching debates. This will help you internalize its serious and evidence-based connotation before attempting it in more casual settings.
Distinguish from Similar Words
Pay close attention to the nuances between 驳斥, 反驳, and 辩驳. Understanding these differences will allow you to select the most precise word for your intended meaning.
例文
作者在文中驳斥了这种流行的观点。
