이 페이지를 내 언어로

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A1 noun #4,000 가장 일반적인 12분 분량

شر

sharr 상위 4,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 شر 30초 만에

설명 شر in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'Shar' as the simple opposite of 'Khayr' (Good). Think of it as the word for 'bad' or 'harm' in a very basic sense. You will mostly encounter it in short phrases or as a way to say something is not good. For example, if you want to say 'This is bad,' you might hear 'Hatha shar.' It is also important to recognize it in the phrase 'Sharru al-nas' (The worst of people) as you start to learn about describing people. At this stage, focus on the spelling—two letters: Sheen and Ra—and the fact that it ends with a double 'r' sound (shadda). Do not worry too much about the complex grammar yet; just remember that 'Shar' equals 'bad/evil.'

At the A2 level, you begin to see 'Shar' used in comparisons. You will learn that 'Shar' can mean 'worse than' when followed by the word 'min.' For example, 'Al-kidhbu sharru min al-bukhl' (Lying is worse than stinginess). You will also start to notice 'Shar' in common religious or cultural expressions used to ward off bad luck, like 'Kafah Allah al-shar.' You should be able to distinguish 'Shar' from 'Sayyi'' (bad). While 'Sayyi'' is used for a bad grade or bad food, 'Shar' is used for things that cause harm or are morally wrong. You might also encounter the adjective 'Shareer' to describe a 'bad guy' in a simple story.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'Shar' in Idafa constructions (possessive phrases). You will hear phrases like 'Sharru al-umoor' (The worst of matters) or 'Sharru al-akhbar' (The worst of the news). You will also start to encounter 'Shar' in more formal texts, such as news reports or short stories. You should understand the nuance that 'Shar' implies a certain level of malice or significant negative impact. You will also learn idioms like 'Akhaffu al-sharrayn' (The lesser of two evils). At this level, you should also be careful not to confuse 'Shar' with 'Sha'r' (hair) by ensuring your pronunciation of the 'r' is distinct and there is no 'ayn sound.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B2 level, you will explore the philosophical and social dimensions of 'Shar.' You will encounter the word in debates about social issues, where 'Shar' is used to describe systemic problems or 'social evils.' You will read more complex literature where 'Shar' is used metaphorically to describe fate or the cruelty of time. You should be able to use the word in your own writing to argue against harmful practices. You will also become familiar with the root's other derivatives, such as 'Ashrar' (the plural for evil people/wicked ones) and 'Tashreer' (to defame or spread bad things about someone). Your understanding of the word should move beyond 'bad' to 'morally corrupt' or 'socially harmful.'

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C1 level, you will engage with 'Shar' in classical texts, including the Quran, Hadith, and classical poetry. You will analyze how the word's meaning has been discussed by theologians and philosophers in the context of 'Theodicy' (the problem of evil). You will understand the subtle differences between 'Shar' and its synonyms like 'Fahsha'' (lewdness/evil), 'Munkar' (abomination), and 'Baghy' (oppression). You should be able to appreciate how 'Shar' is used in high-level political rhetoric and intellectual discourse. Your ability to use 'Shar' in a comparative and superlative sense should be flawless, and you should understand its role in complex sentence structures and rhetorical devices like 'Antithesis' (Tabaq).

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of the word 'Shar.' You can identify the word in obscure classical poetry and understand its various morphological shifts across history. You are aware of the word's occurrence in different Arabic dialects and how the nuance might shift slightly in a local context. You can use 'Shar' to discuss complex ethical dilemmas, meta-physics, and legal theory. You understand the nuances of the root Sh-R-R in all its forms, including the verb 'Sharra' (to expose to the sun/to spread out) and how that relates to the 'spreading' of evil. You can write sophisticated essays on the concept of 'Shar' in Arabic thought, utilizing a wide range of related vocabulary and idiomatic expressions with perfect precision.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

شر 30초 만에

Shar is the primary Arabic word for 'evil' and 'harm,' serving as the direct antonym to 'Khayr' (good).
It uniquely functions as both a noun and a comparative adjective meaning 'worse' or 'worst.'
It is heavily used in religious, literary, and daily contexts to describe moral failing or physical danger.
Common derivatives include 'Shareer' (wicked person) and 'Shuroor' (plural evils).

The Arabic word شر (Shar) is a foundational noun in the Arabic language, primarily signifying 'evil,' 'badness,' 'harm,' or 'wickedness.' At its most basic level, it represents the opposite of khayr (good). However, its application spans a vast spectrum from the mundane to the metaphysical. In daily life, it can refer to a simple bad situation or a harmful outcome, while in theological and philosophical contexts, it addresses the very nature of moral evil. Understanding 'Shar' is essential for any learner because it appears in some of the most common phrases, religious texts, and news headlines across the Arab world.

Moral Duality: In the Arabic worldview, life is often viewed through the lens of 'Khayr' (Good) and 'Shar' (Evil). This word is not just a descriptor but a category of existence. When someone says 'I seek refuge from evil,' they are using this word to encompass everything from physical harm to spiritual corruption. It is a word that carries weight, often used to warn others or to express a deep-seated aversion to a particular action or person's character.

قل أعوذ برب الفلق من شر ما خلق.

Translates to: 'Say, I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak from the evil of that which He created.' This is a quintessential example from the Quran.

Comparative Usage: Grammatically, 'Shar' also functions as an elative (comparative/superlative) without the typical 'af'alu' pattern. While 'asharr' exists, 'shar' is frequently used to mean 'worse' or 'worst.' For example, 'Sharru al-nas' means 'The worst of people.' This dual function as both a noun and a comparative adjective makes it incredibly versatile in both spoken and written Arabic.

The word is also deeply embedded in the concept of the 'Evil Eye' (al-ayn). In many Middle Eastern cultures, people believe that envy can manifest as a literal 'shar' or harm that affects others. Consequently, you will hear people using protective phrases to ward off this harm. The word is not always used for villains in stories; it can also describe a 'bad habit' or a 'bad omen.' In modern news, it might describe the 'evil' of war or the 'harm' of a particular policy. Its frequency in the Arabic language is high because it serves as the primary container for all negative moral and physical outcomes.

هذا الرجل فيه شر كثير.

Meaning: 'This man has much evil in him.' Used to describe a person's character.

Social Context: In social interactions, 'Shar' is often avoided in a direct sense to remain polite, but it is used extensively in proverbs. For instance, 'Ittaqi sharra man ahsanta ilayh' (Beware the evil of him to whom you have done good). This reflects a cultural wisdom regarding human nature and the complexities of gratitude and resentment. Understanding these nuances helps a learner navigate not just the language, but the social psyche of Arabic speakers.

الوقاية خير من العلاج، والابتعاد عن الشر غنيمة.

لا تطلب الشر لأحد.

Meaning: 'Do not seek evil for anyone.' A common moral advice.

Using the word شر correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical flexibility. It can function as a simple noun, the first part of a possessive construction (Idafa), or as a comparative adjective. This section will guide you through these various structures to ensure your Arabic sounds natural and precise.

As a Simple Noun: When used as a noun, 'Shar' can be the subject, object, or after a preposition. For example, 'Al-sharru la yadum' (Evil does not last). Here, it acts as the subject of the sentence. If you want to say 'He committed an evil,' you would say 'Fa'ala sharran.' Notice the tanween (nunation) on the end when it is indefinite and in the accusative case.

ابتعد عن الشر وغنِ له.

A famous proverb meaning: 'Stay away from evil and sing to it' (meaning, keep your distance and stay happy).

The Idafa Construct: 'Shar' is very frequently the first word in an Idafa (possessive) relationship. Phrases like 'Sharru al-balaa'' (The worst of the affliction) or 'Sharru al-akhbar' (The worst of the news) are common. In these cases, 'Shar' takes the case required by its position in the sentence, while the following noun is always in the genitive (majroor) case.

كان ذلك شر قرار اتخذته.

Translates to: 'That was the worst decision I made.' Here 'shar' acts as the superlative 'worst'.

When describing people, you might use the adjective form 'Shareer' (wicked/evil person). However, using the noun 'Shar' to describe someone's actions is more common in formal writing. For example, 'A'maluhu kulluha shar' (His deeds are all evil). You can also use it to describe abstract concepts like 'The evil of war' (Sharru al-harb). The word is also used in the dual form 'Sharrayn' (two evils), often appearing in the expression 'The lesser of two evils' (Akhaffu al-sharrayn).

نحن نختار أخف الشرين.

Negation and Shar: To say there is 'no evil' in something, you use 'La sharra fihi.' This is a common way to reassure someone that a situation is safe or a person is well-intentioned. Conversely, 'Kulluhu shar' (It is entirely evil) is used for total condemnation. Learning these patterns allows you to express levels of intensity regarding negativity.

لا أرى في هذا الأمر أي شر.

Meaning: 'I do not see any evil/harm in this matter.'

The word شر is ubiquitous across the Arabic-speaking world, appearing in contexts ranging from the most sacred religious recitations to the most casual street slang. Because the concept of 'harm' or 'evil' is so central to human experience, you will encounter this word daily if you are immersed in an Arabic environment.

Religious and Spiritual Settings: This is perhaps where 'Shar' is heard most frequently. In the daily prayers and in the recitation of the Quran, the word appears multiple times. Surah Al-Falaq and Surah An-Nas are protective chapters that mention seeking refuge from 'Shar.' Even in non-formal religious settings, people say 'Kafah Allah al-shar' (May God protect us from evil) when hearing bad news or discussing potential dangers. It is a word of protection as much as it is a word of description.

اللهم اكفنا شر هذا اليوم.

Meaning: 'O God, protect us from the evil of this day.' A common morning supplication.

News and Media: In the media, 'Shar' is used to describe villainous acts, criminal behavior, or harmful international developments. Headlines might read 'Sharru al-afa'al' (The worst of deeds) regarding a crime. In movies and television series (Musalsalat), the 'Sharir' (villain) is a staple character. You will hear characters accusing each other of 'Shar' during dramatic confrontations, often with a high level of emotional intensity.

نواياهم كانت مليئة بالـشر.

Meaning: 'Their intentions were full of evil.' Common in news or storytelling.

In dialects (Ammiya), the word might be shortened or pronounced slightly differently (like 'sharr' with a heavy 'r'), but the meaning remains identical. In Egyptian or Levantine Arabic, you might hear 'Mish 'ayiz shar' (I don't want trouble/evil). It is also used in sarcasm; if someone is being particularly mischievous, a friend might jokingly say 'Ya shareer!' (You little devil/evil one!). This illustrates how the word has moved from the high register of scripture into the playful register of friendship.

ابعد عن الشر يا ابني.

Meaning: 'Stay away from trouble/evil, my son.' Common parental advice.

Literature and Poetry: Classical Arabic poetry is filled with the dichotomy of Khayr and Shar. Poets often lament the 'Shar' of time (sharru al-zaman) or the 'Shar' of fate. In these contexts, the word takes on a more melancholic and philosophical tone, representing the unavoidable hardships of life. Reading these works provides a deeper appreciation for the word's historical weight.

وما الشر إلا من نفوس لئيمة.

Meaning: 'And evil is nothing but [the product] of mean souls.' A poetic reflection.

Learning to use شر correctly involves avoiding several common pitfalls that English speakers and new learners often encounter. These mistakes range from pronunciation issues to grammatical misunderstandings and subtle semantic errors.

Confusing 'Shar' with 'Sha'r' or 'Shi'r': This is the most frequent mistake for beginners. 'Shar' (شر) means evil. 'Sha'r' (شعر) with an 'ayn means hair. 'Shi'r' (شعر) with an 'ayn and a different vowel means poetry. If you forget the 'ayn or mispronounce it, you might accidentally say you are seeking refuge from 'hair' or 'poetry' instead of 'evil.' Precise articulation of the final 'r' and the absence of the 'ayn is crucial.

أعوذ بالله من الـشر (Correct) vs الـشعر (Incorrect pronunciation).

Be careful not to add an 'ayn sound in the middle.

Misusing the Comparative: Learners often try to force 'Shar' into the standard 'af'alu' comparative pattern, resulting in 'asharr.' While 'asharr' is grammatically correct and used in some contexts, 'Shar' by itself is much more common for 'worse.' Saying 'Hatha asharr min hatha' is okay, but 'Hatha sharru min hatha' is often more idiomatic in classical and religious contexts. Don't be confused when you see the base form acting as a comparative.

الكذب شر من البخل.

Meaning: 'Lying is worse than stinginess.' Note 'shar' here means 'worse'.

Another mistake is the confusion between 'Shar' (evil) and 'Sharr' (to spark/spread). While they come from the same root, their usage as nouns vs verbs can be tricky. Also, some learners confuse 'Shar' with 'Shiraa'' (buying). Always pay attention to the long vowels. 'Shar' has a short 'a' (fatha), while 'Shiraa'' has a long 'aa' and an initial 'i' (kasra). Context usually helps, but in writing, the difference is stark.

هذا العمل شر محض.

Meaning: 'This work is pure evil.' Don't use 'Sū'' (badness) here if you want to emphasize moral corruption.

Overusing 'Shar' for Minor Things: In English, we might say 'That's bad' for a cold pizza. In Arabic, using 'Shar' for a cold pizza would be overly dramatic and incorrect. For minor 'bad' things, use 'sayyi'' or 'mush kwayyis' (in dialect). 'Shar' is reserved for harm, malice, or moral failing. Using it for trivial inconveniences makes the speaker sound like they are in a Shakespearean play or a religious sermon.

الطعام سيء (Correct for 'bad') vs الطعام شر (Incorrect context).

Arabic is a language rich in synonyms, and while شر is the most common word for evil, there are several alternatives that carry different shades of meaning. Knowing when to use 'Shar' versus 'Sū'' or 'Atha' will significantly elevate your fluency.

Shar vs. Sū' (سوء): 'Sū'' often refers to 'badness' or 'unpleasantness' in a general sense. While 'Shar' is active harm or moral evil, 'Sū'' can be passive. For example, 'Sū' al-tafāhum' is a 'misunderstanding' (bad understanding), not an 'evil' understanding. 'Shar' is more intense and usually implies a malicious intent or a disastrous outcome. If you want to describe a 'bad day,' use 'Sū''; if you want to describe a 'wicked plan,' use 'Shar.'

وقع في سوء حظه، لكنه لم يقصد الـشر.

Meaning: 'He fell into bad luck, but he did not mean evil.'

Shar vs. Darar (ضرر): 'Darar' specifically means 'harm' or 'damage,' often in a physical or legal sense. While 'Shar' can cause 'Darar,' 'Shar' is the essence of the evil, whereas 'Darar' is the tangible result. In a court of law, you would sue for 'Darar' (damages), not for 'Shar.' If a storm damages a house, it is 'Darar'; if a person burns a house down out of spite, it is 'Shar.'

التدخين يسبب ضرراً كبيراً للصحة.

Meaning: 'Smoking causes great harm/damage to health.' 'Shar' would be too moralistic here.

Another interesting comparison is with 'Bāṭil' (falsehood/vanity). In political or religious rhetoric, 'Shar' is often paired with 'Bāṭil.' While 'Shar' is the moral quality of being evil, 'Bāṭil' is the quality of being invalid or false. Furthermore, 'Munkar' refers to 'denounced' or 'abominable' acts. 'Munkar' is often used in the context of social or religious law to describe things that are publicly recognized as 'Shar.'

هذا منكر وشر عظيم.

Meaning: 'This is an abomination and a great evil.'

Shar vs. Atha (أذى): 'Atha' is a lighter word meaning 'annoyance,' 'hurt,' or 'slight harm.' If someone says something mean that hurts your feelings, it is 'Atha.' If someone tries to destroy your life, it is 'Shar.' 'Atha' is often used for removing obstacles from a path ('Simat al-atha'), whereas 'Shar' is something you seek refuge from on a grander scale.

كف أذاك عن الناس.

Meaning: 'Stop your [annoying] harm from reaching people.'

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word 'Shar' is one of the few words in Arabic that can act as a comparative (worse) without changing its form to the standard 'Af'alu' pattern. This makes it a linguistic exception shared only with the word 'Khayr' (good).

발음 가이드

UK /ʃar/

US /ʃɑːr/

The stress is on the only syllable, with a slight emphasis on the final doubled 'r'.

라임이 맞는 단어

Barr (Land) Karr (Attack) Marr (Passed) Harr (Hot) Sarr (Pleasured) Ghurr (Deceived) Durr (Pearls) Zarr (Buttoned)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it like 'share' in English.
Adding an 'ayn sound (Sha'r), which changes the meaning to 'hair'.
Not doubling the 'r' sound (shadda).
Using a long 'aa' sound (Shaar), which is not a common word.
Confusing the vowel with 'shur' (not a word).

난이도

독해 1/5

Very easy to read as it is only two letters with a shadda.

쓰기 1/5

Simple to write, though learners must remember the shadda on the 'r'.

말하기 2/5

Easy, but must avoid the 'Sha'r' (hair) pronunciation mistake.

듣기 2/5

Common, but can be confused with other Sh-R roots if the context is unclear.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

خير (Good) سيء (Bad) رجل (Man) الله (God) من (From)

다음에 배울 것

ضرر (Harm) سوء (Badness) أذى (Hurt) شيطان (Satan) خطر (Danger)

고급

استشرى (To spread) معضلة (Dilemma) لاهوت (Theology) أزلي (Eternal) قبح (Ugliness/Evil)

알아야 할 문법

The Shadda

The 'r' in 'Shar' has a shadda (شرّ), meaning it is doubled in pronunciation.

Comparative without 'Af'alu'

'Shar' is used for 'worse' instead of 'Asharr' in many contexts.

Idafa Construct

'Sharru al-nas' (The worst of people) - Shar is the Mudaf.

Nunation (Tanween)

In 'Ra'aytu sharran' (I saw an evil), the 'a' ending becomes 'an'.

Definite Article

'Al-Shar' refers to the abstract concept of evil.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

هذا شر.

This is evil/bad.

Simple demonstrative pronoun 'hatha' followed by the noun 'shar'.

أنا لا أحب الشر.

I do not like evil.

The definite article 'al' is used to talk about 'evil' as a general concept.

هو رجل شر.

He is a man of evil.

An Idafa-like structure where 'shar' describes the type of man.

ابعد عن الشر.

Stay away from evil/harm.

Imperative verb 'ib'ad' followed by the preposition 'an'.

الشر سيء.

Evil is bad.

A simple nominal sentence (Mubtada and Khabar).

أين الشر؟

Where is the evil/harm?

Interrogative 'ayna' followed by the definite noun.

لا يوجد شر هنا.

There is no evil here.

Negation using 'la' followed by the verb 'yujad' (exists).

هذا شر كبير.

This is a big evil.

The adjective 'kabeer' modifies the noun 'shar'.

الكذب شر من البخل.

Lying is worse than stinginess.

Comparative use of 'shar' followed by 'min'.

كفانا الله شر الحوادث.

May God protect us from the evil of accidents.

The verb 'kafa' takes two objects: 'na' (us) and 'shar' (evil).

لا تفعل شراً يا ولد.

Do not do evil, boy.

Negative imperative 'la taf'al' with 'sharran' in the accusative case.

هو شرير جداً.

He is very wicked/evil.

Use of the adjective 'shareer' derived from the same root.

هذا هو شر قرار.

This is the worst decision.

Superlative use of 'shar' in an Idafa structure.

الشر لا يجلب الخير.

Evil does not bring good.

A nominal sentence showing the contrast between 'shar' and 'khayr'.

أعوذ بالله من شر الشيطان.

I seek refuge in God from the evil of Satan.

A very common religious phrase using 'shar' in Idafa.

هل رأيت شراً اليوم؟

Did you see any evil/harm today?

Interrogative using the past tense verb 'ra'ayta'.

علينا اختيار أخف الشرين.

We must choose the lesser of the two evils.

Dual form 'al-sharrayn' in the genitive case.

ابتعد عن شرار الخلق.

Stay away from the worst of people.

Plural form 'shirar' used for 'worst people'.

كانت نواياه مليئة بالشر.

His intentions were full of evil.

Predicate of 'kanat' using 'mali'atan' followed by a prepositional phrase.

الشر يحيق بأهله.

Evil surrounds/befalls its people.

A proverb-like sentence using the verb 'yahiyaq'.

لا تضمر الشر لأحد.

Do not harbor evil for anyone.

The verb 'tadmar' means to hide or harbor in one's heart.

هذه الحرب شر مستطير.

This war is a widespread/flying evil.

The adjective 'mustateer' is a classical term often paired with 'shar'.

من كفيته شرك فقد ملكته.

He whom you have spared from your evil, you have owned.

A complex conditional-like structure with the verb 'kafa'.

الشر يبدأ بكلمة.

Evil begins with a word.

Simple nominal sentence emphasizing the origin of conflict.

إن في هذا الأمر شراً لا يعلمه إلا الله.

Indeed, in this matter there is an evil known only to God.

Use of 'Inna' to emphasize the existence of 'shar' (sharran).

يجب أن نقاوم شرور النفس.

We must resist the evils of the soul.

Plural form 'shuroor' used for abstract internal struggles.

هذا التقرير يفضح شرور الفساد.

This report exposes the evils of corruption.

The verb 'yafda' means to expose or shame.

ما من شر إلا ووراءه خير مستور.

There is no evil but that behind it is a hidden good.

A rhetorical structure using 'Ma... illa' for exception.

الشرير يظن كل الناس أشراراً مثله.

The wicked person thinks all people are wicked like him.

The verb 'yathun' takes two objects: 'al-nas' and 'ashraran'.

تجنب مواطن الشر دائماً.

Always avoid the places/sources of evil.

The word 'mawatin' means places or typical sites.

الشر لا يمحى بالشر بل بالخير.

Evil is not erased by evil, but by good.

Passive verb 'yumha' (is erased).

لقد استطار شر هذا الوباء.

The evil/harm of this epidemic has spread far and wide.

The verb 'istatara' is specifically used for the spreading of evil.

تتفاوت مراتب الشر بتفاوت الأثر الناتج عنه.

The levels of evil vary according to the variation of the resulting impact.

A formal academic sentence using 'tatfawat' (vary/differ).

الفلسفة الأخلاقية تبحث في ماهية الشر.

Moral philosophy investigates the essence of evil.

The word 'mahiyah' means essence or 'what-ness'.

لم يكن الشر يوماً أصيلاً في الوجود.

Evil was never an inherent part of existence.

Use of 'lam yakun' with the adjective 'aseelan' (inherent/original).

يصور الأدب الكلاسيكي الصراع الأزلي بين الخير والشر.

Classical literature depicts the eternal conflict between good and evil.

The adjective 'azali' means eternal or beginningless.

إن الشر المحض لا وجود له في هذا الكون.

Pure evil has no existence in this universe.

Categorical negation 'La' followed by 'wujuda' in the accusative.

استشرى الشر في مفاصل الدولة.

Evil/corruption spread into the joints (key parts) of the state.

The verb 'istashra' specifically refers to evil or disease spreading uncontrollably.

من شرور الاستبداد طمس الحقائق.

Among the evils of tyranny is the blurring of truths.

A sentence starting with a prepositional phrase as the Khabar.

الشر عرضي وليس جوهرياً.

Evil is accidental/incidental and not essential.

Metaphysical terms 'aradi' (accidental) and 'jawhari' (essential).

إن إشكالية الشر تظل من أعقد المعضلات الثيوديسية.

The problem of evil remains one of the most complex theodical dilemmas.

Highly formal academic language with terms like 'mu'dilat' (dilemmas).

يتحول الشر في الروايات الحداثية إلى حالة وجودية.

Evil in modernist novels transforms into an existential state.

The term 'hala wujudiyah' refers to existentialism.

لا يمكن اختزال الشر في مجرد أفعال فردية.

Evil cannot be reduced to mere individual acts.

The verb 'ikhtizal' means reduction or simplification.

تتجلى بشاعة الشر في انتهاك كرامة الإنسان.

The ugliness of evil is manifested in the violation of human dignity.

The verb 'tatajalla' means to manifest or become clear.

لقد استشرى داء الشر في جسد المجتمع حتى بات يهدد فناءه.

The disease of evil has spread in the body of society until it started threatening its annihilation.

A highly metaphorical and dramatic sentence.

الشر هو غياب الخير كما أن الظلمة هي غياب النور.

Evil is the absence of good just as darkness is the absence of light.

A logical comparison using 'kama anna'.

إن تبرير الشر هو بحد ذاته شر أعظم.

The justification of evil is in itself a greater evil.

Use of 'bi-haddi dhatihi' (in itself).

يتطلب فهم كنه الشر غوصاً في أعماق النفس البشرية.

Understanding the core of evil requires a dive into the depths of the human soul.

The word 'kunh' means the essence or core of something.

자주 쓰는 조합

محور الشر

شر لا بد منه

نوايا شر

قوة الشر

فعل الشر

شر مطلق

وقاية من الشر

مصدر الشر

علامات الشر

طريق الشر

자주 쓰는 구문

كفانا الله الشر

— May God protect us from evil. Used when hearing bad news.

سمعت عن الحادث؟ كفانا الله الشر.

ابعد عن الشر وغنِ له

— Stay away from trouble and be happy. A proverb advising avoidance of conflict.

لا تتدخل في مشاكلهم، ابعد عن الشر وغنِ له.

أخف الشرين

— The lesser of two evils. Used when choosing between two bad options.

كلا الخيارين صعب، لكننا سنختار أخف الشرين.

شر مستطير

— A widespread or flying evil. Often refers to a major disaster.

كانت الحرب شراً مستطيراً على المنطقة.

اتقِ شر من أحسنت إليه

— Beware the evil of him to whom you have done good. A warning about ingratitude.

ساعدته كثيراً لكنه غدر بي، حقاً اتقِ شر من أحسنت إليه.

يا شرير

— You wicked/naughty one. Can be serious or playful.

لقد أكلت كل الحلوى؟ يا شرير!

أعوذ بالله من الشر

— I seek refuge in God from evil. A standard protective phrase.

رأيت حلماً مزعجاً، أعوذ بالله من الشر.

فاعل خير وفاعل شر

— A doer of good and a doer of evil. Used to contrast characters.

الدنيا فيها فاعل خير وفاعل شر.

لا شر في ذلك

— There is no harm/evil in that. Used to reassure someone.

يمكنك الذهاب، لا شر في ذلك.

من شر ما خلق

— From the evil of what He created. A Quranic phrase used for protection.

نقرأ المعوذات للحماية من شر ما خلق.

자주 혼동되는 단어

شر vs شعر (Sha'r)

Means 'hair'. The 'ayn sound in the middle is the key difference.

شر vs شعر (Shi'r)

Means 'poetry'. Different vowels and the 'ayn sound differentiate it.

شر vs شراء (Shiraa')

Means 'buying'. It has a long 'aa' and an initial 'i' vowel.

관용어 및 표현

"شر البلية ما يضحك"

— The worst of afflictions is that which makes one laugh. Used for absurdly bad situations.

خسرنا المباراة والمدرب نسي الكرة، شر البلية ما يضحك.

Common/Idiomatic

"استشرى الأمر"

— The matter spread like an evil or disease. Used for problems getting out of control.

استشرى الفساد في المؤسسة.

Formal

"أضمر الشر"

— To hide evil intentions in one's heart.

كان يبتسم ولكنه يضمر الشر.

Literary

"وقع في شر أعماله"

— To fall into the evil of one's own deeds. Similar to 'what goes around comes around.'

حاول خداعنا لكنه وقع في شر أعماله.

Common

"شرارة الشر"

— The spark of evil. The small beginning of a big conflict.

كلمة واحدة كانت شرارة الشر بينهما.

Metaphorical

"نفس أمارة بالسوء/الشر"

— A soul that commands evil. A religious term for the lower self.

عليه أن يجاهد نفسه الأمارة بالشر.

Religious

"طار شرره"

— Its sparks flew. Used when a situation becomes very heated or explosive.

احتدم النقاش وطار شرره في كل مكان.

Literary

"أهل الشر"

— The people of evil. Often used in political rhetoric to describe opponents.

حذرنا الخطيب من أهل الشر.

Formal/Rhetorical

"بذرة الشر"

— The seed of evil.

الغيرة هي بذرة الشر في قلبه.

Metaphorical

"وجه الشر"

— The face of evil. Used to describe a person or situation that looks ominous.

لم أحب ذلك المكان، كان له وجه الشر.

Informal

혼동하기 쉬운

شر vs سوء

Both mean 'bad'.

Shar is active harm or moral evil; Su' is general badness or unpleasantness.

سوء تفاهم (Misunderstanding) vs فعل شر (Doing evil).

شر vs ضرر

Both mean 'harm'.

Darar is physical or tangible damage; Shar is the moral quality of evil.

ضرر في السيارة (Damage in the car) vs شر في القلب (Evil in the heart).

شر vs أذى

Both mean 'harm/hurt'.

Atha is lighter, like an annoyance or a slight hurt; Shar is a grave evil.

أذى بسيط (Simple hurt) vs شر عظيم (Great evil).

شر vs سيء

Both mean 'bad'.

Sayyi' is an adjective for 'bad'; Shar is a noun for 'evil' or a comparative.

رجل سيء (A bad man) vs رجل شر (A man of evil).

شر vs بلاء

Both involve negative outcomes.

Balaa' is an affliction or test from God; Shar is moral evil or harm.

هذا بلاء (This is a test/trial) vs هذا شر (This is evil).

문장 패턴

Hatha [Shar].

هذا شر.

[Noun] sharru min [Noun].

الظلم شر من الفقر.

Sharru al-[Noun]...

شر الناس الكذاب.

A'uthu bi-Allah min shar [Noun].

أعوذ بالله من شر الحاسد.

Inna fi [Noun] sharran...

إن في الجهل شراً كبيراً.

La yumkin ikhtizal al-shar fi...

لا يمكن اختزال الشر في مجرد فعل.

Akhaffu al-sharrayn.

اخترنا أخف الشرين.

La taf'al [Sharran].

لا تفعل شراً.

어휘 가족

명사

شر (Evil)

شرور (Evils - plural)

شرير (Wicked person)

أشرار (Wicked people - plural)

شرارة (Spark)

동사

شَرَّ (To be evil/To spread)

استشرى (To spread uncontrollably)

شرّر (To cause sparks)

형용사

شرير (Wicked/Evil)

أشر (Worse - rare compared to 'shar')

شراني (Aggressive/Evil - dialect)

사용법

frequency

Extremely high; among the top 500 words in classical and modern Arabic.

자주 하는 실수

Saying 'Sha'r' (شعر) for evil. → Shar (شر)
Adding an 'ayn sound changes 'evil' to 'hair.' This is a very common beginner mistake.
Using 'Shar' for a bad taste in food. → Sayyi' (سيء) or Murr (مر)
'Shar' is for moral evil or harm, not for sensory dislikes like bad taste.
Writing 'Asharr' every time you mean 'worse.' → Shar (شر)
While 'Asharr' is correct, 'Shar' is often more natural in comparative phrases.
Confusing 'Shar' with 'Shiraa'' (buying). → Shar (شر)
The long 'aa' and the initial 'i' in 'Shiraa'' make it a completely different word.
Using the plural 'Ashrar' for abstract evils. → Shuroor (شرور)
'Ashrar' refers to evil people; 'Shuroor' refers to the abstract evils or harms themselves.

팁

Comparative Usage

Remember that 'Shar' doesn't need to change to 'Asharr' to mean 'worse.' Use it with 'min' for easy comparisons.

Avoid the 'Ayn

Don't say 'Sha-ar.' That means hair. Keep it 'Shar' with no middle consonant sound.

Synonym Choice

Use 'Darar' for physical damage and 'Shar' for moral evil or general harm.

Protective Phrases

Memorize 'Kafana Allah al-shar' to use when you hear about accidents or bad news.

Shadda is Key

Always include the shadda in your mind (or on paper) to ensure the word is recognized as 'Shar'.

Aggressive Adjective

In some dialects, 'Sharani' is used to describe someone who is constantly looking for a fight.

Classical Context

When reading the Quran, 'Shar' often refers to the harm caused by external forces like envy or magic.

Lesser of Two Evils

The phrase 'Akhaffu al-sharrayn' is perfect for formal debates and decision-making discussions.

Sharp Harm

Associate 'Shar' with 'Sharp.' A sharp knife can cause 'Shar' (harm) if used wrongly.

Moral Duality

Always think of 'Shar' and 'Khayr' as a pair. They are the yin and yang of Arabic moral vocabulary.

암기하기

기억법

Think of the 'SH' in 'SHar' as the 'SH' in 'SHameful' or 'SHock.' The word 'SHar' sounds like a 'SHarp' object that causes 'harm.'

시각적 연상

Imagine a 'SHarp' piece of glass. It is 'Shar.' If you touch it, it causes 'Shar' (harm).

Word Web

Evil Harm Worse Worst Wicked Satan Disaster Malice

챌린지

Try to use 'Shar' in three different ways today: as a noun (evil), as a comparative (worse than), and in a protective phrase (May God protect us).

어원

The word comes from the Arabic root Sh-R-R (ش ر ر). This root fundamentally relates to the idea of spreading out, exposing, or something becoming manifest in a negative way.

원래 의미: The original sense of the root involves 'sparks' (sharar) that fly off from a fire, which are inherently uncontrollable and potentially harmful. From this, the meaning evolved to encompass all forms of harm and moral evil.

Semitic (Arabic).

문화적 맥락

Be careful when calling a person 'Shareer' (evil); it is a very strong insult and should not be used lightly in social settings.

English speakers often use 'evil' for very extreme things (like monsters or dictators), but 'Shar' can be used for smaller 'harms' or 'bad things' as well, though it remains a strong word.

Surah Al-Falaq (Quran 113) The phrase 'Axis of Evil' (Mihwar al-Shar) The proverb 'Sharru al-baliyyati ma yudhik'

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Religion

أعوذ بالله من الشر
شر الشيطان
وقانا الله الشر
من شر ما خلق

News/Politics

محور الشر
أعمال شريرة
شرور الحرب
قوى الشر

Daily Advice

ابعد عن الشر
لا تفعل شراً
هذا شر لك
اتقِ الشر

Storytelling

رجل شرير
نوايا شريرة
انتصار الخير على الشر
عالم مليء بالشر

Proverbs

شر البلية ما يضحك
أخف الشرين
اتق شر من أحسنت إليه
الشر لا يولد إلا الشر

대화 시작하기

"هل تعتقد أن الإنسان يولد بالشر أم يكتسبه؟ (Do you think humans are born with evil or acquire it?)"

"ما هو 'شر لا بد منه' في رأيك؟ (What is a 'necessary evil' in your opinion?)"

"كيف نحمي أنفسنا من الشر في هذا العالم؟ (How do we protect ourselves from evil in this world?)"

"هل سمعت عن مثل 'شر البلية ما يضحك'؟ (Have you heard the proverb 'The worst of afflictions is that which makes one laugh'?)"

"من هو الشرير المفضل لديك في الأفلام؟ (Who is your favorite villain in movies?)"

일기 주제

اكتب عن موقف اخترت فيه 'أخف الشرين'. (Write about a situation where you chose the lesser of two evils.)

هل تعتقد أن الخير ينتصر دائماً على الشر؟ لماذا؟ (Do you think good always triumphs over evil? Why?)

صف شخصية شريرة في قصة من خيالك. (Describe a wicked character in a story from your imagination.)

كيف يمكننا تقليل الشر في المجتمع؟ (How can we reduce evil/harm in society?)

تأمل في عبارة 'الابتعاد عن الشر غنيمة'. (Reflect on the phrase 'Staying away from evil is a gain'.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, while it is common in religious texts, it is used in secular contexts to mean harm, trouble, or 'worse.' For example, a bad policy can be described as having 'shar' for the people.

You use it in an Idafa construct: 'Sharru al-nas' (The worst of people) or 'Sharru al-akhbar' (The worst of news). You don't need a special word for 'worst.'

The plural is 'Shuroor' (شرور). It is used when talking about multiple types of evils or harms, such as 'the evils of war' (shuroor al-harb).

Yes, but it's usually done jokingly. If you say it seriously, it sounds very harsh. For a naughty child, 'shaqi' is a more common word.

'Shar' is the more common form for 'worse' in classical and idiomatic Arabic. 'Asharr' follows the standard comparative pattern and is also correct but less frequent in traditional phrases.

You hold the 'r' sound for a split second longer, giving it a slight vibration or 'shadda.' It sounds like 'shar-ra' if a vowel follows it.

No, 'Shar' is not used as a name because of its negative meaning. However, some names might share the root in a positive sense, though it's rare.

It is 'Mihwar al-Shar' (محور الشر). This is a direct translation used in Arabic media.

The direct opposite is 'Khayr' (خير), which means good, benefit, or blessing.

Yes, 'sharra' can mean to spread something out (like clothes in the sun), but this is a different meaning from the noun 'evil,' though they share the root.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기