fracturarse
To break (a bone or other hard material).
fracturarse 30초 만에
- Fracturarse means to break a bone or hard object.
- It's a reflexive verb, like 'me fracturo' (I fracture myself).
- Commonly used for injuries, accidents, and damage.
- More specific for bones than 'romperse'.
- Root
- The verb 'fracturar' comes from the Latin word 'fractura', meaning 'a breaking'. The reflexive pronoun 'se' is added to indicate that the subject itself undergoes the action of breaking, often unintentionally.
- Core Meaning
- 'Fracturarse' means to break, specifically referring to the breaking of a bone or other hard object. It implies a forceful impact or stress that causes the object to split or shatter. While it's most commonly associated with injuries, it can also be used for inanimate objects.
- Usage Scenarios
- This verb is frequently used in medical contexts when discussing injuries. For example, if someone falls and hurts their arm, a doctor might ask if they think they've fractured it. It's also used in accident reports or when describing damage to objects. The reflexive nature ('-se') highlights that the breaking is happening to the subject itself, rather than the subject breaking something else (which would use 'fracturar' transitively).
- Nuance
- While 'romperse' can also mean 'to break', 'fracturarse' often implies a more severe break, especially for bones. It suggests a clean break or multiple pieces, whereas 'romperse' can be more general, encompassing cracking or shattering. Think of a bone fracturing rather than just cracking. When referring to inanimate objects, 'romperse' might be more common for something shattering, while 'fracturarse' could be used for a more structural break, like a table leg.
El esquiador tuvo la mala suerte de fracturarse la pierna en la pista.
Después de la caída, sentí un dolor agudo y temí fracturarse el brazo.
- Inanimate Objects
- While less common than with bones, 'fracturarse' can describe the breaking of hard, non-living materials, such as a ceramic vase or a piece of machinery under stress. For example, 'La barra de metal se fracturó bajo el peso.' (The metal bar fractured under the weight.) This usage emphasizes a structural break rather than simple shattering.
El golpe fue tan fuerte que la fracturarse el espejo retrovisor.
- Basic Structure
- The verb 'fracturarse' is a reflexive verb. This means it always requires a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, os, se) that agrees with the subject. The basic structure is: Subject + Reflexive Pronoun + Conjugated Verb 'fracturar'.
- Present Tense Examples
- In the present tense, it indicates an action happening now or a habitual occurrence. For instance, 'Me fracturo la muñeca jugando al tenis.' (I break my wrist playing tennis.) This implies it happens regularly, which might be unlikely for a fracture, but grammatically correct. More realistically, 'Se fractura el hueso del tobillo con frecuencia.' (He fractures his ankle bone frequently.) - perhaps due to a medical condition.
- Past Tense Examples (Preterite)
- The preterite is used for completed actions in the past. This is where 'fracturarse' is most commonly heard. 'Se fracturó el fémur en el accidente.' (He fractured his femur in the accident.) 'Me fracturé dos costillas al caer de la escalera.' (I fractured two ribs when I fell down the stairs.)
- Past Tense Examples (Imperfect)
- The imperfect tense describes ongoing actions in the past, or states of being. It's less common for the direct act of fracturing, but can be used to describe a condition or a situation leading up to it. 'Cuando era joven, siempre me fracturaba algún hueso jugando.' (When I was young, I would always fracture some bone playing.) This suggests a recurring event in the past.
- Future Tense Examples
- The future tense expresses an action that will happen. 'Si no tengo cuidado, me fracturaré la clavícula.' (If I'm not careful, I will fracture my clavicle.)
- Subjunctive Mood
- The subjunctive is used for desires, doubts, emotions, and hypothetical situations. 'Espero que no se fracture el tobillo durante la maratón.' (I hope he doesn't fracture his ankle during the marathon.) 'Dudo que se vaya a fracturar la pierna tan fácilmente.' (I doubt he will fracture his leg so easily.)
- Imperative Mood
- The imperative is used for commands. This is less likely for 'fracturarse' as it's an involuntary action, but could be used in a warning context, though usually a different phrasing would be used. For example, a doctor might warn a patient about activities that could cause them to fracture something: '¡Ten cuidado de no fracturarte la mano!' (Be careful not to fracture your hand!)
Intentó escalar la pared, pero se fracturó la muñeca al caer.
- Medical Settings
- This is by far the most common place to hear 'fracturarse'. Doctors, nurses, paramedics, and patients will use it when discussing bone injuries. You'll hear it in emergency rooms, orthopedic clinics, and during conversations about sports injuries or accidents. 'El médico me dijo que me había fracturado el cúbito.' (The doctor told me I had fractured my ulna.)
- News Reports and Media
- Accident reports, sports commentaries, and crime news often feature this word. If there's a significant accident involving injuries, the news might report, 'Varias personas se fracturaron extremidades.' (Several people fractured limbs.) During a football match, a commentator might say, 'El jugador se retiró del campo tras fracturarse el tobillo.' (The player left the field after fracturing his ankle.)
- Casual Conversations (Accidents)
- In everyday conversations, people use 'fracturarse' when recounting personal experiences or discussing accidents involving friends or family. 'Mi primo se fracturó la clavícula jugando al rugby.' (My cousin fractured his collarbone playing rugby.) '¡Imagínate, se fracturó la nariz de un cabezazo accidental!' (Imagine, he fractured his nose with an accidental headbutt!)
- Discussions about Physical Activities
- When talking about sports, extreme activities, or even clumsy incidents, 'fracturarse' might come up. 'Es un deporte de riesgo, es fácil fracturarse algo.' (It's a risky sport, it's easy to fracture something.) 'Casi me fracturo el dedo del pie al tropezar con la alfombra.' (I almost fractured my toe when I tripped on the rug.)
- Technical or Industrial Contexts (Less Common)
- While less frequent, it can be used for inanimate objects in technical discussions, especially if the break is significant and structural. For instance, in engineering or mechanics, 'La viga principal se fracturó debido a la fatiga del material.' (The main beam fractured due to material fatigue.) This usage is more formal and specific.
El doctor confirmó que se había fracturado el radio.
- Forgetting the Reflexive Pronoun
- This is the most frequent error. Learners might say 'Yo fracturo mi brazo' instead of 'Yo me fracturo el brazo'. 'Fracturar' without the reflexive pronoun means to cause something else to break. So, 'Yo fracturo mi brazo' implies you are actively breaking your own arm, which is nonsensical in most contexts. The correct reflexive form indicates the bone broke on its own, due to an accident or injury.
- Using 'Romperse' Incorrectly
- While 'romperse' also means 'to break', 'fracturarse' is specifically for bones or very hard materials where a distinct break occurs. Using 'romperse' for a bone fracture might sound less precise or medical. For example, saying 'Me rompí el hueso' is understandable, but 'Me fracturé el hueso' is more technically accurate in a medical context. Conversely, 'fracturarse' might sound odd for something fragile like glass shattering; 'romperse en mil pedazos' (to break into a thousand pieces) is more common there.
- Confusing 'Fracturarse' with 'Fracturar' (Transitive)
- As mentioned, 'fracturar' (without 'se') is transitive. It means to break something else. For example, 'El cirujano fracturó el hueso para realinearlo.' (The surgeon broke the bone to realign it.) This is a medical procedure, not an injury. Confusing these can lead to very different meanings.
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation
- Like any verb, 'fracturarse' can be conjugated incorrectly. Forgetting to match the pronoun to the subject, or using the wrong tense, can lead to errors. For example, saying 'Nos fracturó la pierna' instead of 'Nos fracturamos la pierna' changes the meaning entirely (the former implies someone else broke their leg).
- Overuse in Non-Medical Contexts
- While 'fracturarse' can technically be used for inanimate objects, it's often more natural to use 'romperse' or 'quebrarse' for things like pottery or furniture. Using 'fracturarse' for these might sound overly dramatic or slightly unnatural unless you're emphasizing a specific type of structural break.
Incorrecto: Yo fracturo mi brazo.
Correcto: Yo me fracturo el brazo.
- Romperse
- Meaning: To break, to get broken.
Usage: This is a very general term for breaking. It can apply to bones, objects, promises, hearts, etc.
Difference: 'Romperse' is less specific than 'fracturarse'. While you can 'romperse' a bone, 'fracturarse' is the preferred medical term for a bone break. For inanimate objects, 'romperse' is often more common for shattering or cracking, while 'fracturarse' might imply a more structural break.
Example: 'Se me rompió el jarrón.' (My vase broke.) vs. 'Se fracturó el brazo jugando al fútbol.' (He fractured his arm playing soccer.) - Quebrarse
- Meaning: To break, to shatter.
Usage: Often used for brittle objects like glass, ceramics, or even for a person's spirit or will. It can also be used for bones, but is less common and precise than 'fracturarse'.
Difference: 'Quebrarse' implies a more complete breaking or shattering. It's very common for glass. For bones, 'fracturarse' is more specific and medically accurate.
Example: 'El vaso se quebró al caer.' (The glass broke/shattered when it fell.) vs. 'El atleta se fracturó la tibia.' (The athlete fractured his tibia.) - Partirse
- Meaning: To split, to break in two, to crack.
Usage: Often used when something breaks into two pieces or cracks. Can be used for objects or even for body parts in a less severe way than fracturing.
Difference: 'Partirse' suggests breaking into distinct parts or a significant crack, rather than a complete fracture. It can also be used reflexively for people, meaning to split up or go separate ways.
Example: 'La tabla se partió por la mitad.' (The plank broke in half.) vs. 'Se fracturó la muñeca.' (He fractured his wrist.) - Sufrir una fractura
- Meaning: To suffer a fracture.
Usage: This is a more formal or descriptive way to say someone has broken a bone. It uses the noun 'fractura'.
Difference: This is a noun phrase, not a verb. It's more formal and less direct than using the verb 'fracturarse'.
Example: 'El ciclista sufrió una fractura de clavícula.' (The cyclist suffered a collarbone fracture.) - Tener una fisura
- Meaning: To have a crack or fissure.
Usage: This refers to a less severe break, a crack rather than a full fracture.
Difference: 'Fisura' implies a crack or a hairline fracture, not a complete break. It's a less serious injury than a full fracture.
Example: 'Tiene una fisura en el dedo, no una fractura completa.' (He has a crack in his finger, not a complete fracture.)
Using 'romperse' for a bone: 'Me rompí el brazo.' (Understandable, but less precise.)
Using 'fracturarse' for a bone: 'Me fracturé el brazo.' (Precise and medical.)
How Formal Is It?
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재미있는 사실
The word 'fracture' in English shares the same Latin root 'fractura'. This highlights a common linguistic origin for words describing breakage across Romance languages and English.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing the 'r' as a harsh English 'r'.
- Not using the flap 'r' sound.
- Adding an extra vowel sound before 's' (e.g., 'fracturase' instead of 'fracturarse').
- Incorrectly stressing the syllable.
난이도
The verb itself is straightforward, but understanding the nuances of its reflexive nature and its distinction from similar verbs like 'romperse' requires careful attention. Context is key for correct interpretation, especially in medical or technical texts where precision is important.
Accurate use requires consistent application of reflexive pronouns and correct conjugation across tenses. Distinguishing it from transitive 'fracturar' and other breaking verbs is crucial for clarity and correctness.
Pronunciation is manageable, but fluency in using the reflexive pronoun correctly in spontaneous speech can be challenging. Learners need to practice incorporating it naturally into sentences.
Recognizing the reflexive pronoun 'se' paired with 'fracturar' is vital for understanding that an injury has occurred to the speaker or subject. The context usually makes the meaning clear.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Reflexive Verbs
'Fracturarse' is a reflexive verb. This means the action is done by the subject to itself. You must use reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nos, os, se) that agree with the subject. Example: 'Yo me fracturo.' (I fracture myself.)
Preterite vs. Imperfect
Use the preterite for a completed fracture: 'Se fracturó la pierna.' (He fractured his leg - completed action). Use the imperfect to describe habitual fractures in the past: 'Cuando era niño, me fracturaba los dedos jugando.' (When I was a child, I used to fracture my fingers playing - habitual action).
Subjunctive Mood
The subjunctive is used after expressions of doubt, desire, emotion, or necessity. Example: 'Espero que no te fractures el tobillo.' (I hope you don't fracture your ankle.)
Direct Object Pronouns
When referring to body parts, Spanish often uses the definite article (el, la, los, las) instead of the possessive pronoun (mi, tu, su). Example: 'Me fracturé el brazo.' (I fractured my arm.) instead of 'Me fracturé mi brazo.'
Transitive vs. Reflexive
'Fracturar' (transitive) means to break something else: 'El martillo fracturó la piedra.' (The hammer broke the stone.) 'Fracturarse' (reflexive) means to break oneself: 'La piedra se fracturó.' (The stone broke itself.)
수준별 예문
Me duele mucho.
It hurts a lot.
Creo que me rompí algo.
I think I broke something.
No puedo mover mi mano.
I can't move my hand.
El médico me va a ver.
The doctor is going to see me.
Me caí.
I fell.
Me duele el pie.
My foot hurts.
Necesito ayuda.
I need help.
Está roto.
It is broken.
Me caí de la bicicleta y creo que me fracturé el brazo.
I fell off the bicycle and I think I fractured my arm.
Use of reflexive pronoun 'me' and past tense 'fracturé'.
El niño se fracturó el dedo jugando.
The child fractured his finger playing.
Reflexive pronoun 'se' and past tense 'fracturó'.
Mi abuela se fracturó la cadera al levantarse.
My grandmother fractured her hip when getting up.
Reflexive pronoun 'se' and past tense 'fracturó'.
Tengo que ir al hospital porque me fracturé el tobillo.
I have to go to the hospital because I fractured my ankle.
Use of 'porque' to explain the reason for going to the hospital.
El deportista se fracturó la pierna durante el partido.
The athlete fractured his leg during the game.
Past tense 'fracturó' indicating a completed action.
Espero que no se fracture el hueso.
I hope he doesn't fracture the bone.
Use of subjunctive 'fracture' after 'espero que'.
Me caí y sentí un crujido, se fracturó.
I fell and heard a crack, it fractured.
Use of 'se' to indicate the bone itself fractured.
El médico dijo que es una fractura simple.
The doctor said it's a simple fracture.
Introduction of the noun 'fractura'.
Después de la caída, el deportista se dio cuenta de que se había fracturado la clavícula.
After the fall, the athlete realized that he had fractured his collarbone.
Use of 'se había fracturado' (pluperfect) to indicate an action completed before another past action.
Si sigues corriendo sin calentar, podrías fracturarte el tobillo.
If you keep running without warming up, you could fracture your ankle.
Conditional sentence structure ('Si... podrías') and use of subjunctive 'fracturarte'.
El accidente fue tan grave que varios pasajeros se fracturaron diferentes partes del cuerpo.
The accident was so severe that several passengers fractured different parts of their bodies.
Plural form 'se fracturaron' and use with 'diferentes partes del cuerpo'.
Los médicos intentaron reducir la fractura, pero el hueso estaba muy dañado.
The doctors tried to reduce the fracture, but the bone was very damaged.
Using the noun 'fractura' and related medical terms.
No quiero ni pensar en lo que ocurriría si se fracturara una pierna en esa situación.
I don't even want to think about what would happen if he fractured a leg in that situation.
Hypothetical situation using the imperfect subjunctive 'fracturara'.
La cerámica antigua se fracturó al ser expuesta a un cambio brusco de temperatura.
The ancient ceramic fractured when exposed to a sudden change in temperature.
Passive voice construction using 'se' with an inanimate object.
El cirujano tuvo que fracturar el hueso deliberadamente para poder corregir la deformidad.
The surgeon had to deliberately fracture the bone to correct the deformity.
Using the transitive verb 'fracturar' in a medical context where the action is intentional.
Le advirtieron que si seguía practicando ese deporte de riesgo, tarde o temprano se fracturaría algo.
They warned him that if he continued practicing that risky sport, sooner or later he would fracture something.
Future tense 'fracturaría' in a warning context.
Los informes médicos indicaban que el impacto fue tan fuerte que el húmero se fracturó en múltiples fragmentos.
The medical reports indicated that the impact was so strong that the humerus fractured into multiple fragments.
Use of the noun 'informes médicos' and precise anatomical term 'húmero'.
Es crucial que el paciente no mueva la extremidad afectada para evitar que se fracture aún más.
It is crucial that the patient does not move the affected limb to prevent it from fracturing further.
Subjunctive 'fracture' after 'para evitar que'.
La barra de metal, sometida a una tensión extrema, finalmente cedió y se fracturó.
The metal bar, subjected to extreme tension, finally yielded and fractured.
Describing the breaking of a material under stress.
Se especula que la causa del colapso estructural fue que uno de los pilares se fracturó debido a un defecto de fabricación.
It is speculated that the cause of the structural collapse was that one of the pillars fractured due to a manufacturing defect.
Using 'se especula' and 'defecto de fabricación'.
A pesar de las férulas y el reposo, el hueso tardó meses en consolidar, habiéndose fracturado de forma compleja.
Despite the splints and rest, the bone took months to heal, having fractured in a complex way.
Use of the gerund 'habiendo fracturado' to describe a preceding action.
La osteoporosis aumenta significativamente el riesgo de que los huesos se fracturen con traumatismos leves.
Osteoporosis significantly increases the risk of bones fracturing from minor trauma.
Discussing medical conditions that increase fracture risk.
El arqueólogo lamentó que el delicado artefacto se fracturara durante el proceso de excavación.
The archaeologist regretted that the delicate artifact fractured during the excavation process.
Expressing regret about an object breaking.
Se determinó que la rotura del motor se debió a que una de sus partes internas se fracturó inesperadamente.
It was determined that the engine failure was due to one of its internal parts fracturing unexpectedly.
Explaining mechanical failure.
La fatiga del material, exacerbada por las condiciones extremas de operación, provocó que la viga principal se fracturara de manera catastrófica.
Material fatigue, exacerbated by extreme operating conditions, caused the main beam to fracture catastrophically.
Advanced vocabulary ('fatiga del material', 'exacerbada', 'catastrófica') and complex sentence structure.
Es imperativo que se extremen las precauciones para evitar que los astronautas se fracturen algún hueso durante las caminatas espaciales.
It is imperative that extreme precautions be taken to prevent astronauts from fracturing any bones during spacewalks.
Formal imperative ('Es imperativo que') and specialized context (space exploration).
El informe forense concluyó que la causa de la muerte no fue directa, sino que se debió a complicaciones derivadas de haberse fracturado la columna vertebral.
The forensic report concluded that the cause of death was not direct, but due to complications arising from having fractured his vertebral column.
Complex causal relationships and 'haberse fracturado' (perfect infinitive).
A pesar de los rigurosos controles de calidad, se descubrió que una microfisura latente en el componente crítico podía fracturarse bajo estrés.
Despite rigorous quality controls, it was discovered that a latent microcrack in the critical component could fracture under stress.
Technical vocabulary ('microfisura latente', 'componente crítico') and potential future actions.
La fragilidad inherente de ciertos polímeros avanzados hace que se fracturen con facilidad ante impactos mínimos, requiriendo diseños de ingeniería innovadores.
The inherent fragility of certain advanced polymers causes them to fracture easily upon minimal impact, requiring innovative engineering designs.
Abstract concepts ('fragilidad inherente', 'diseños de ingeniería innovadores').
Se postula que el evento geológico que provocó el desprendimiento de rocas se inició cuando una falla preexistente se fracturó.
It is postulated that the geological event that caused the rockslide began when a pre-existing fault fractured.
Geological terminology ('falla preexistente', 'desprendimiento de rocas').
El artista contemporáneo buscaba deliberadamente que la escultura se fracturara para simbolizar la ruptura social.
The contemporary artist deliberately sought for the sculpture to fracture to symbolize social rupture.
Artistic intent and symbolic meaning.
La falta de lubricación adecuada provocó que el engranaje se sobrecalentara y, subsecuentemente, se fracturara, deteniendo la maquinaria.
The lack of adequate lubrication caused the gear to overheat and, subsequently, fracture, stopping the machinery.
Cause and effect relationship in mechanical failure.
La investigación forense determinó que la fractura del hueso no fue un evento aislado, sino la culminación de un proceso degenerativo que lo predisponía a fracturarse con mínima solicitación.
The forensic investigation determined that the bone fracture was not an isolated event, but the culmination of a degenerative process that predisposed it to fracture with minimal stress.
Sophisticated medical and forensic terminology, complex sentence structure.
El fallo catastrófico del ala de la aeronave se atribuyó a la propagación de una fisura por fatiga, que eventualmente condujo a que el metal se fracturara en su totalidad.
The catastrophic failure of the aircraft wing was attributed to the propagation of a fatigue crack, which eventually led to the metal fracturing entirely.
Aviation engineering terms ('fallo catastrófico', 'propagación de fisura por fatiga').
La resiliencia del material se midió por su capacidad para resistir la deformación plástica antes de que se fracturara, un parámetro crítico en ingeniería de estructuras.
The material's resilience was measured by its ability to resist plastic deformation before it fractured, a critical parameter in structural engineering.
Materials science terminology ('resiliencia', 'deformación plástica').
Se postula que la fragilidad intrínseca del cristal, magnificada por las tensiones residuales del templado, lo hacía susceptible a fracturarse ante fluctuaciones térmicas mínimas.
It is postulated that the intrinsic fragility of the glass, magnified by residual stresses from tempering, made it susceptible to fracturing from minimal thermal fluctuations.
Physics and materials science concepts ('fragilidad intrínseca', 'tensiones residuales', 'fluctuaciones térmicas').
La crónica exposición a vibraciones de alta frecuencia comprometió la integridad estructural del puente, llevando eventualmente a que uno de sus componentes clave se fracturara.
Chronic exposure to high-frequency vibrations compromised the structural integrity of the bridge, eventually leading to one of its key components fracturing.
Engineering and structural analysis terms ('integridad estructural', 'vibraciones de alta frecuencia').
El análisis del impacto reveló que el objeto, al ser sometido a una fuerza desproporcionada, no se deformó sino que se fracturó limpiamente, sugiriendo una fragilidad inherente.
The impact analysis revealed that the object, when subjected to a disproportionate force, did not deform but fractured cleanly, suggesting inherent fragility.
Precise description of fracture behavior ('fracturó limpiamente', 'fragilidad inherente').
La debilidad inherente en la línea de soldadura, magnificada por el estrés operativo, culminó en que la junta se fracturara, resultando en la falla del ensamblaje.
The inherent weakness in the weld line, magnified by operational stress, culminated in the joint fracturing, resulting in assembly failure.
Industrial and mechanical failure analysis.
La comprensión de los mecanismos por los cuales un material se fractura es fundamental para el diseño de componentes que maximicen su vida útil y minimicen el riesgo de fallos.
Understanding the mechanisms by which a material fractures is fundamental to designing components that maximize their lifespan and minimize the risk of failures.
Abstract concepts in materials science and engineering design.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
Me fracturé...
Se fracturó...
Tener una fractura
Sospecho que me he fracturado...
Requiere cirugía tras fracturarse...
La recuperación de una fractura
Evitar fracturarse
Una fractura abierta/cerrada
Se fracturó bajo estrés
Diagnóstico: fractura
자주 혼동되는 단어
'Romperse' is a more general verb for breaking and can apply to many things, including bones. However, 'fracturarse' is more specific and medically accurate for bone breaks. Think of 'fracturarse' as a specialized 'romperse' for bones.
'Quebrarse' often implies shattering, especially for brittle materials like glass. While it can be used for bones, 'fracturarse' is preferred for precision. 'Quebrarse' might be used for a bone that breaks into many small pieces, but 'fractura conminuta' is the technical term.
The transitive verb 'fracturar' means to break something else. For example, 'El cirujano fracturó el hueso para realinearlo.' (The surgeon broke the bone to realign it.) 'Fracturarse' is reflexive, meaning the subject breaks itself.
관용어 및 표현
"Romperse el coco"
To rack one's brain; to think very hard about something, often to the point of mental exhaustion. (Literally: to break one's coconut/head).
He estado rompiéndome el coco toda la noche para resolver este problema.
Informal"Partirse de risa"
To split one's sides laughing; to laugh very hard. (Literally: to break oneself from laughing).
La película fue tan graciosa que nos partimos de risa.
Informal"Romperse el alma"
To put a lot of effort and dedication into something; to work one's heart out.
Se rompió el alma estudiando para el examen final.
Informal"Romperse la cabeza"
To think very hard about a problem, to try to solve it with great effort. (Similar to 'romperse el coco').
Me estoy rompiendo la cabeza intentando entender esta teoría.
Informal"Partirse la espalda"
To work extremely hard, often doing manual labor. (Literally: to break one's back).
Ha estado partiéndose la espalda todo el día para terminar la construcción.
Informal혼동하기 쉬운
Both verbs mean 'to break'.
'Fracturarse' specifically refers to breaking a bone or a hard material in a way that implies a distinct break or crack, often due to trauma. 'Romperse' is a more general term for breaking and can apply to a wider range of objects and situations, including bones, but it lacks the medical precision of 'fracturarse'. For a bone injury, 'fracturarse' is the more appropriate and common choice.
Me <strong>fracturé</strong> el brazo. (I fractured my arm - precise for bone). El vaso se <strong>rompió</strong>. (The glass broke - general).
Both can describe breakage.
'Quebrarse' often suggests shattering or breaking into many pieces, particularly with brittle materials like glass or ceramics. While it can be used for bones, it's less common and less medically specific than 'fracturarse'. 'Fracturarse' implies a more defined break, and in medical contexts, it's the standard term for a bone fracture. 'Quebrarse' can also describe a person's spirit or will breaking.
El plato se <strong>quebró</strong> en mil pedazos. (The plate shattered into a thousand pieces). Me <strong>fracturé</strong> la tibia. (I fractured my tibia - specific bone injury).
It also means to break or split.
'Partirse' usually implies breaking into two or more distinct pieces, or cracking significantly. It's often used for objects like wood or plastic. While it can be used for body parts, it's less common for bones than 'fracturarse' and might imply a less severe break or a split rather than a full fracture. 'Partirse' can also mean to split up or separate.
La tabla se <strong>partió</strong> por la mitad. (The plank broke in half). Se <strong>fracturó</strong> la muñeca. (He fractured his wrist - specific bone).
It's the same root verb.
The key difference is reflexivity. 'Fracturar' (transitive) means to cause something else to break: 'El cirujano <strong>fracturó</strong> el hueso para corregirlo.' (The surgeon broke the bone to correct it.) 'Fracturarse' (reflexive) means the subject itself breaks: 'El hueso se <strong>fracturó</strong>.' (The bone broke itself.) The reflexive pronoun 'se' is essential for 'fracturarse'.
El martillo <strong>fracturó</strong> la roca. (The hammer broke the rock). La roca se <strong>fracturó</strong>. (The rock broke itself).
Both relate to injuries.
'Lesionarse' is a general term for getting injured or sustaining damage. A fracture ('fracturarse') is a specific type of injury. You can 'lesionarse' in many ways (sprains, bruises, cuts, burns, fractures), but 'fracturarse' specifically means to break a bone. So, while fracturing is a type of injury, not all injuries are fractures.
Me <strong>lesioné</strong> el tobillo jugando al baloncesto. (I injured my ankle playing basketball - could be a sprain or fracture). Me <strong>fracturé</strong> el tobillo. (I fractured my ankle - specific).
문장 패턴
Subject + Se + Conjugated 'fracturar' + Body Part
El niño se fracturó el dedo.
Me + Conjugated 'fracturar' + Body Part + Reason
Me fracturé la pierna por culpa de la lluvia.
Subject + 'haber' (conjugated) + 'se' + Past Participle + Body Part
Ella se había fracturado la muñeca antes del accidente.
Si + Subject + Imperfect Indicative, + Subject + Conditional + Se + Conjugated 'fracturar'
Si no tienes cuidado, te fracturarás el tobillo.
Subject + 'Es importante que' + Subject + Se + Subjunctive Conjugation + Body Part
Es importante que no te fractures la columna.
Subject + 'Debido a' + Noun Phrase, + Subject + Se + Conjugated 'fracturar'
Debido al impacto, el hueso se fracturó.
Subject + 'Aunque' + Subject + Imperfect Subjunctive, + Subject + Conditional Conjugation of 'fracturar'
Aunque lo intentó, no pudo evitar que se fracturara la clavícula.
Subject + 'Tras' + Gerund Phrase, + Subject + Se + Conjugated 'fracturar'
Tras el golpe, se fracturó la nariz.
어휘 가족
명사
동사
형용사
관련
사용법
High, especially in contexts related to health, accidents, and sports.
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Forgetting the reflexive pronoun.
→
Me fracturo / Se fracturó.
Learners often forget that 'fracturarse' is reflexive. Saying 'Yo fracturo mi brazo' is incorrect; it implies you are actively breaking your own arm. The correct form is 'Yo me fracturo el brazo', indicating the arm broke itself.
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Using 'fracturar' transitively when reflexive is needed.
→
El hueso se fracturó.
Using 'fracturar' without the reflexive pronoun means to break something else. For example, 'El médico fracturó el hueso' means the doctor broke the bone. To say the bone broke, you need the reflexive: 'El hueso se fracturó'.
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Confusing 'fracturarse' with 'romperse' or 'quebrarse'.
→
'Fracturarse' for bones; 'romperse' or 'quebrarse' for general objects or shattering.
While 'romperse' and 'quebrarse' can mean 'to break', 'fracturarse' is the specific, medically accurate term for breaking bones. Using 'romperse' for a bone is understandable but less precise. 'Quebrarse' often implies shattering, which might not be the case for a bone fracture.
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Incorrect conjugation of the reflexive pronoun.
→
Nos fracturamos / Os fracturáis.
Ensuring the reflexive pronoun agrees with the subject is vital. Forgetting this leads to errors like 'Nos fracturo' (I fracture ourselves) instead of 'Nos fracturamos' (We fracture ourselves).
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Using 'mi/tu/su' instead of the definite article with body parts.
→
Me fracturé el brazo.
In Spanish, when referring to body parts that are the direct object of a verb (especially reflexive verbs like 'fracturarse'), it's common to use the definite article (el, la, los, las) instead of a possessive adjective (mi, tu, su). 'Me fracturé el brazo' is more natural than 'Me fracturé mi brazo'.
팁
Remember the Reflexive Pronoun!
The most crucial aspect of 'fracturarse' is its reflexive nature. Always pair it with the correct reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, os, se) that matches the subject. Incorrectly omitting it changes the meaning entirely.
Distinguish from 'Romperse'
While 'romperse' also means 'to break', 'fracturarse' is the specific and more precise term for breaking bones or hard materials. Use 'fracturarse' in medical contexts or when a clear break is involved.
The Flap 'R'
Practice the Spanish flap 'r' sound (like the 'tt' in 'butter' in American English). It's a quick tap of the tongue against the roof of your mouth. This sound is important for words like 'fracturarse' to sound natural.
Medical and Accident Scenarios
You'll most often hear 'fracturarse' when people are talking about injuries, accidents, or medical situations. Familiarize yourself with related vocabulary like 'hueso' (bone), 'dolor' (pain), and 'médico' (doctor).
Body Parts and Articles
When referring to body parts that have fractured, Spanish often uses the definite article (el, la, los, las) instead of a possessive adjective. For example, 'Me fracturé el brazo' (I fractured my arm), not 'Me fracturé mi brazo'.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'fracturarse' in different tenses (present, past, future) and with different subjects. Try to include the reason for the fracture or the consequence.
Visual Associations
Imagine a bone snapping cleanly in half. The word 'fracture' itself sounds similar to the Spanish verb. Associate the 'se' with the idea of the bone breaking itself.
Severity of Break
While 'romperse' can mean to break, 'fracturarse' often implies a more significant or structural break, especially for bones. Consider it a more precise term for severe breakage.
Translate Back and Forth
Take English sentences like 'He fractured his leg' and translate them to Spanish ('Se fracturó la pierna'). Then, take Spanish sentences and translate them back to English to check your understanding and recall.
Listen for the 'se'
When listening to Spanish, pay close attention to the reflexive pronoun 'se' when it appears before verbs like 'fracturar'. This is a strong clue that someone is talking about an injury or an involuntary breaking.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a 'fractured' pattern on a mug. The mug itself 'fractures' (fracturarse). Think of 'fracture' in English and how it sounds similar to the Spanish verb. The 'se' reminds you it's reflexive, like the mug breaking itself.
시각적 연상
Picture a bone snapping in half with a loud 'crack!' sound. The bone is 'fracturing itself'. You could also visualize a ceramic vase falling and breaking into pieces, with the vase itself being the subject of the breaking action.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to describe five different scenarios where someone might 'fracturarse' something, using the correct reflexive pronoun and verb conjugation for each.
어원
The verb 'fracturarse' comes from the Latin verb 'frangere', meaning 'to break'. This Latin root also gave rise to the noun 'fractura', meaning 'a break' or 'fracture'. The reflexive pronoun 'se' is added to indicate that the action of breaking happens to the subject itself.
원래 의미: To break.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Spanish문화적 맥락
When discussing injuries, especially fractures, it's important to be sensitive to the person's experience. Avoid making light of serious injuries. Use the term factually and empathetically.
In English, we use 'to fracture' or 'to break a bone'. The reflexive aspect is often implied or expressed through context rather than a dedicated reflexive verb form.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Sports Injuries
- Se fracturó la pierna jugando al fútbol.
- Tuvo que retirarse por una fractura de tobillo.
- Es común que los ciclistas se fracturen la clavícula.
Accidents at Home
- Me caí por las escaleras y creo que me fracturé la muñeca.
- Mi abuela se fracturó la cadera al levantarse.
- ¡Cuidado no te fractures un dedo!
Medical Consultations
- El doctor confirmó que me había fracturado el radio.
- Presenta una fractura compleja en el fémur.
- ¿Sospecha que se ha fracturado algo?
Describing Damage to Objects
- La barra de metal se fracturó bajo el peso.
- La estatua antigua se fracturó al caer.
- Se fracturó una pieza importante de la maquinaria.
Warnings and Precautions
- Si sigues así, podrías fracturarte.
- Es importante usar equipo de protección para no fracturarse.
- No te arriesgues a fracturarte.
대화 시작하기
"¿Alguna vez te has fracturado algún hueso? ¿Cómo ocurrió?"
"¿Qué harías si te fracturaras una pierna y no pudieras moverte por un tiempo?"
"He oído que la recuperación de una fractura de cadera es muy larga. ¿Tienes alguna experiencia con eso?"
"¿Crees que los deportes extremos valen el riesgo de fracturarse algo?"
"¿Cómo crees que se siente una persona cuando se da cuenta de que se ha fracturado un hueso?"
일기 주제
Describe un momento en tu vida en el que sentiste un dolor agudo y temiste haberte fracturado algo. ¿Qué pasó después?
Imagina que eres un médico. Escribe una nota sobre un paciente que se fracturó un hueso. Incluye detalles sobre cómo ocurrió y el tratamiento.
Escribe una historia corta donde el personaje principal se fractura un hueso en una situación inesperada. ¿Cómo afecta esto sus planes?
Reflexiona sobre la diferencia entre 'fracturarse' y 'romperse'. ¿En qué situaciones usarías cada palabra?
Investiga sobre un tipo específico de fractura (por ejemplo, fractura de estrés, fractura conminuta) y escribe sobre ella, explicando qué significa y cómo ocurre.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문'Fracturarse' is more specific and is generally used for bones or hard materials that break in a distinct way, often due to trauma. 'Romperse' is a more general term for breaking and can apply to a wider range of objects and situations. While you can 'romperse' a bone, 'fracturarse' is the preferred and more precise term in a medical context. For example, 'Me fracturé el brazo' (I fractured my arm) is more accurate than 'Me rompí el brazo' (I broke my arm), though both are understandable.
Yes, 'fracturarse' is always a reflexive verb. This means it requires a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, os, se) that agrees with the subject. The reflexive pronoun indicates that the subject is the one undergoing the action of breaking. For instance, 'El hueso se fracturó' means 'The bone fractured (itself)'. If you omit the reflexive pronoun, you use the transitive verb 'fracturar', which means to break something else.
Yes, 'fracturarse' can be used for inanimate objects, especially hard materials like metal, ceramic, or stone, when they break due to stress or impact. For example, 'La barra de metal se fracturó bajo el peso.' (The metal bar fractured under the weight.) However, for more fragile items that shatter, 'romperse' or 'quebrarse' might be more common. The use of 'fracturarse' for objects often implies a more structural break.
The most common body parts to 'fracturarse' are limbs like the leg (pierna), arm (brazo), wrist (muñeca), ankle (tobillo), and hand (mano). Fractures of the collarbone (clavícula), hip (cadera), and nose (nariz) are also frequently discussed.
You would say 'Me fracturé el hueso.' Remember to use the reflexive pronoun 'me' because it's a reflexive verb, and the definite article 'el' before 'hueso' when referring to body parts.
The past participle is 'fracturado'. When used with the reflexive verb, it forms compound tenses like the present perfect ('me he fracturado') or the pluperfect ('me había fracturado'). For example, 'Me he fracturado el brazo.' (I have fractured my arm.)
'Fractura' refers to a complete break in a bone. 'Fisura' refers to a crack or a hairline fracture, which is a less severe break. So, 'fracturarse' implies a more significant break than just having a 'fisura'.
While 'fracturarse' itself isn't part of a common idiom for breaking bones, Spanish has idioms related to breaking things metaphorically, like 'romperse el coco' (to rack one's brain) or 'partirse de risa' (to split one's sides laughing). These don't involve physical fractures but use the concept of breaking.
The correct conjugation for 'we fractured' is 'nos fracturamos' (preterite tense). For example, 'Nos fracturamos las dos piernas en el accidente.' (We fractured both our legs in the accident.)
Yes, it can be used in the future tense. For example, 'Si no tienes cuidado, te fracturarás el tobillo.' (If you're not careful, you will fracture your ankle.)
셀프 테스트 10 질문
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Fracturarse is the specific verb in Spanish for breaking a bone or a hard material. It's a reflexive verb, so remember to use the correct pronoun (me, te, se, nos, os, se) with it. For example, 'Me fracturé el brazo' means 'I fractured my arm'.
- Fracturarse means to break a bone or hard object.
- It's a reflexive verb, like 'me fracturo' (I fracture myself).
- Commonly used for injuries, accidents, and damage.
- More specific for bones than 'romperse'.
Remember the Reflexive Pronoun!
The most crucial aspect of 'fracturarse' is its reflexive nature. Always pair it with the correct reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, os, se) that matches the subject. Incorrectly omitting it changes the meaning entirely.
Distinguish from 'Romperse'
While 'romperse' also means 'to break', 'fracturarse' is the specific and more precise term for breaking bones or hard materials. Use 'fracturarse' in medical contexts or when a clear break is involved.
The Flap 'R'
Practice the Spanish flap 'r' sound (like the 'tt' in 'butter' in American English). It's a quick tap of the tongue against the roof of your mouth. This sound is important for words like 'fracturarse' to sound natural.
Medical and Accident Scenarios
You'll most often hear 'fracturarse' when people are talking about injuries, accidents, or medical situations. Familiarize yourself with related vocabulary like 'hueso' (bone), 'dolor' (pain), and 'médico' (doctor).
관련 콘텐츠
health 관련 단어
abdomen
B1복부는 흉부와 골반 사이의 신체 부위입니다.
accidentarse
B1To have an accident.
adelgazar
A2To lose weight or become thinner.
además de
B1공부 외에도 그는 저녁에 일합니다.
adicción
B1중독은 특정 물질이나 활동에 의존하게 되는 상태를 말합니다.
adicto
B1그는 커피 중독이라서 매일 아침 꼭 마셔야 합니다.
adicto/a
B1특정 물질이나 활동에 신체적 또는 심리적으로 의존하는 사람. '그는 커피 중독이다'는 'Él es adicto al café'입니다.
adolorido
B1Feeling pain or soreness.
afección
B1특정 장기나 부위에 영향을 미치는 의학적 상태 또는 질환.
afectivo
B1어머니와 아이 사이의 정서적 유대는 필수적입니다.
