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B1 noun 11분 분량

هاونگ

hâvan
예시 هاونگ 30초 만에
설명 هاونگ in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'Hāvang' is a tool found in the kitchen. It is used to crush things like salt or sugar. You can think of it as a heavy stick for the kitchen. You might say 'I have a Hāvang' or 'The Hāvang is on the table.' At this stage, don't worry about the difference between a mortar and a pestle; just know that this word is related to preparing food and making things into small pieces. It is a noun, and you can use it with simple verbs like 'dāshtan' (to have) or 'didan' (to see). For example: 'In yek hāvang ast' (This is a pestle). It is a good word to learn when you are studying kitchen vocabulary because it is very common in Iranian homes. You will often see it made of shiny yellow metal (brass) or grey stone. Just remember the sound 'Hā-vang' and associate it with the kitchen.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'Hāvang' in simple sentences about cooking. You should know that it is used with the verb 'kubidan' (to pound). For example, 'Saffron rā bā hāvang mikubam' (I pound the saffron with the pestle). You can also describe the material it is made of, such as 'hāvang-e sangi' (stone pestle) or 'hāvang-e berenji' (brass pestle). At this level, you might also encounter it in simple shopping scenarios, like asking 'Gheimat-e in hāvang chand ast?' (How much is this pestle?). You are beginning to understand that it is an instrument used to make food taste better by grinding spices. It is also helpful to know that it usually comes with a bowl called a 'Hāvan'. If you see them together, you can call the whole set 'Hāvan o Hāvang'.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'Hāvang' in various contexts, including following recipes or describing traditional Iranian customs. You should understand that the 'Hāvang' is essential for grinding saffron to get the best color and aroma. You can now use more complex sentences, such as 'Before adding the cardamom to the tea, crush it with a pestle.' This is also the level where you should learn the famous Persian idiom 'Āb dar hāvan kubidan' (To pound water in a mortar), which means to do something useless or futile. You understand that this word has a cultural weight and is connected to the 'Attari' (traditional herbal shop). You should also be aware of the colloquial tendency to drop the final 'g' and say 'Hāvan' instead, though you should keep using 'Hāvang' in your writing to show a higher level of proficiency.
At the B2 level, you can discuss the historical and artisanal aspects of the 'Hāvang'. You might talk about the craftsmanship of brass pestles from Isfahan or the archaeological significance of stone pestles found in ancient ruins. You can use the word in more abstract ways, such as describing the 'rhythmic sound' (sedā-ye āhangin) of the pestle as a part of Iranian domestic life. Your vocabulary should include related terms like 'narm kardan' (to grind fine) or 'gard kardan' (to turn into powder). You can explain why a chef might prefer a 'Hāvang' over an electric grinder, citing reasons like the preservation of essential oils and the texture of the spice. You are also able to use the word in passive constructions, such as 'The herbs were crushed using a traditional pestle.'
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At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the word's etymology and its place in classical Persian literature. You might encounter 'Hāvang' in the poetry of Rumi or Hafez, where it can serve as a metaphor for the soul undergoing the 'grinding' of life's trials to release its inner fragrance. You can participate in nuanced discussions about the evolution of Persian kitchen tools and the linguistic shift from Middle Persian forms to the modern 'Hāvang'. You should be able to distinguish between 'Hāvang' and other specialized tools like 'Gousht-koob' or 'Asiyāb' with precision, explaining the mechanical and cultural differences between them. Your use of the word in idioms should be natural, and you can even use it in creative writing to evoke a specific traditional atmosphere.
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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of the word 'Hāvang' and all its connotations. You can analyze the role of the mortar and pestle in the history of Persian alchemy and pharmacology, using academic terminology. You understand the subtle phonetic variations across different Iranian dialects and the historical reasons for the 'g' suffix. You can write scholarly articles or give presentations on the material culture of Iran, using 'Hāvang' as a focal point to discuss trade, metallurgy, and culinary evolution. You are also capable of interpreting complex literary metaphors where the 'Hāvang' represents the celestial spheres or the passage of time. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a key that unlocks deep layers of Persian history, science, and art.
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예시

هاونگ 30초 만에

  • A traditional Persian kitchen tool used primarily for grinding spices like saffron and cardamom into fine powders.
  • Specifically refers to the pestle (the pounding part), though often used to refer to the whole mortar and pestle set.
  • Commonly made from heavy materials such as brass, stone, or wood to provide the necessary weight for grinding.
  • Deeply embedded in Persian idioms and culture, symbolizing tradition, hard work, and sometimes futility in proverbs.

The Persian word هاونگ (Hāvang) refers to a pestle, a heavy, club-shaped tool used for crushing, grinding, and mashing substances. While often used interchangeably or in conjunction with the word Hāvan (the mortar or bowl), هاونگ specifically denotes the active grinding component. In the context of a traditional Persian household, this tool is far more than a simple kitchen utensil; it is a symbol of the rhythmic, labor-intensive preparation of food that defines Iranian culinary heritage. For thousands of years, from the ancient pharmacies of Avicenna to the modern-day kitchens of Tehran, the هاونگ has been the primary method for releasing the potent essential oils of saffron, cardamom, and dried herbs. When you hold a هاونگ, you are holding a tool crafted from materials like heavy brass, polished stone, or occasionally hard wood, designed to withstand the significant force required to pulverize hard seeds into fine powders.

Culinary Significance
In Persian cooking, the most common use for the هاونگ is grinding saffron. Because saffron is the most expensive spice in the world, precision is key. A small brass هاونگ is used to turn the delicate threads into a vibrant red dust, often with a pinch of sugar to act as an abrasive. This process is essential for achieving the deep golden hue seen in Persian rice dishes like Tahchin or Zereshk Polo.

مادربزرگ همیشه زعفران را با یک هاونگ کوچک برنجی می‌کوبید تا عطر آن تمام خانه را پر کند.

Beyond the kitchen, the word appears in traditional medicine (Attari). If you visit a traditional Iranian herbalist, you will see a large stone هاونگ being used to grind roots and dried flowers for medicinal teas. The physical action of using a هاونگ is described by the verb kubidan (to pound) or sa'idan (to grind/rub). The sound of the metal pestle hitting the brass mortar—a rhythmic 'clink-clink-clink'—is a nostalgic sound for many Iranians, evoking memories of childhood and the preparation of elaborate family feasts. It represents a slow-food philosophy where ingredients are handled with care rather than being tossed into a high-speed electric blender.

Material Variations
Stone (Sang-i) versions are used for heavy-duty grinding of nuts, while Brass (Berenji) versions are preferred for fine spices due to their smooth surface and weight.

برای درست کردن فسنجان، گردوها را در هاونگ سنگی بزرگ پودر کردیم.

In a metaphorical sense, the هاونگ is featured in one of the most famous Persian idioms regarding futility. To 'pound water in a mortar' (āb dar hāvan kubidan) implies working hard at something that will never yield a result. This highlights the tool's cultural integration into the Iranian psyche, where its primary function—transforming solids into powders—is so well understood that the idea of using it on a liquid is the height of absurdity. Therefore, when you learn this word, you are not just learning a name for a stick of stone or metal; you are learning about a fundamental building block of Persian sensory experience, from the sound of the metal to the smell of the spices it releases.

Using هاونگ in a sentence requires an understanding of its role as an instrument. In Persian grammar, it often appears as the object of a preposition (like 'with' - bā) or as the subject performing an action in more poetic contexts. Because it is a tool, it is frequently paired with the verb kubidan (to pound) or narm kardan (to soften/grind). When you want to describe the process of grinding, you would say 'I am pounding the spice with the pestle.' It is also important to note that in many dialects, the word is shortened to Hāvan, but using هاونگ adds a layer of formal or classical correctness to your speech.

Direct Object Usage
When the pestle itself is the focus, such as buying one or cleaning it. For example: 'Please wash the pestle.'

لطفاً پس از کوبیدن سیر، هاونگ را با دقت بشویید تا بوی آن برود.

In instructional contexts, such as recipes, the word is indispensable. You will see it in cookbooks from the Safavid era to the modern day. For instance, 'Take the pestle and crush the dried lime.' The weight of the هاونگ is often a point of discussion; a heavier pestle is generally preferred as it does more of the work for you. In advanced Persian, you might encounter it in descriptions of historical artifacts in museums, where the material (brass, marble, or bronze) is emphasized. Using the word correctly involves knowing that it is a 'countable' noun that takes standard plural markers.

Instrumental Usage
Using the word to describe 'how' something was done. 'I crushed the pills with a pestle.'

داروساز گیاهان دارویی را با هاونگ برنزی خود پودر کرد.

Furthermore, the word is used in archaeological and historical texts to describe ancient tools found in the Iranian plateau. In these contexts, هاونگ is treated with a certain reverence as a precursor to modern technology. When writing about it, you can use adjectives like sangin (heavy), kohane (ancient), or say-shode (worn down from use). In a sentence like 'The ancient pestle was worn smooth by years of grinding grain,' the word هاونگ carries the weight of history. Whether you are talking about a small kitchen tool for pepper or a massive stone implement for grain, the word remains consistent, providing a versatile vocabulary point for any student of the language.

You will encounter the word هاونگ in several distinct environments in Iran and Persian-speaking communities. The most common is the traditional kitchen. If you are helping an Iranian grandmother (Māman-bozorg) prepare food, she might point to the cupboard and ask for the Hāvang. It is also a staple sound in the 'Bazaar'. Walking through the spice section of the Grand Bazaar in Tehran or the Vakil Bazaar in Shiraz, the rhythmic pounding of large-scale هاونگ tools is a constant background noise. Merchants use them to demonstrate the freshness of their spices, crushing a pod of cardamom to let the aroma waft toward potential customers.

The Pharmacy (Attari)
In an 'Attari' (traditional herbal medicine shop), the هاونگ is an essential tool. You will hear the 'Attar' (herbalist) using it to prepare custom blends of medicinal herbs for patients.

صدای برخورد هاونگ به بدنه هاون در عطاری، بخشی از هویت صوتی بازار است.

Another place you will hear this word is in Persian literature and proverbs. Teachers often use the idiom 'pounding water in a mortar' to scold students who are wasting time or using inefficient methods to solve a problem. In classical poetry, the هاونگ is sometimes used as a metaphor for the heart being crushed by the 'pestle of fate' or 'sorrow.' While this is more abstract, it shows the deep cultural resonance of the word. Furthermore, in historical TV dramas (like those depicting the Qajar or Safavid eras), the هاونگ is frequently seen and mentioned as characters prepare traditional medicines or elaborate banquets.

Modern Culinary Shows
Even in modern Iranian cooking shows on YouTube or Instagram, chefs often emphasize using a هاونگ instead of an electric grinder for spices like saffron to maintain the 'original taste' (mazze-ye asli).

آشپز گفت: برای داشتن بهترین رنگ زعفران، حتماً از هاونگ دستی استفاده کنید.

Lastly, you might hear this word in museums. Iran has a rich history of metalwork, and ancient, intricately carved brass or bronze هاونگ sets are often on display. Tour guides will use the word to describe the daily life of ancient Persians. Whether in a bustling market, a quiet kitchen, or a scholarly lecture on history, هاونگ is a word that bridges the gap between the mundane and the historical, making it a vital part of the Persian linguistic landscape.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with the word هاونگ is confusing it with the word Hāvan. While they are part of the same set, Hāvan is the bowl (mortar) and هاونگ is the pounding tool (pestle). However, in modern colloquial Persian, many people use Hāvan to refer to the entire set. If you want to be precise, especially in a technical or formal context, you should use هاونگ for the pestle. Another common error is the pronunciation of the final 'g'. In formal Persian, it is clearly articulated, but in many Iranian dialects, it is either dropped or softened so much that it sounds like Hāvan. Learners might think they are hearing a different word entirely.

Spelling Confusion
Learners often forget the 'vāv' (و) in the middle, spelling it as 'Hāng' or 'Havang' without the correct vowel length. It is 'Hā-vang' with a long 'ā'.

اشتباه متداول: نوشتن هونگ به جای هاونگ در متون رسمی.

Another mistake involves the verb agreement. Since a هاونگ is an inanimate object, it should take singular verbs unless you are talking about multiple pestles. Some learners mistakenly use the verb khordan (to eat/hit) in a way that implies the pestle is hitting itself, rather than the person using the pestle to hit the spice. The correct construction is 'pounding WITH the pestle' (bā hāvang kubidan). Additionally, don't confuse هاونگ with Gousht-koob. A Gousht-koob is specifically a meat masher used for making Abgoosht, while a هاونگ is generally for spices and harder substances.

Register Errors
Using the very formal 'Hāvang' in a very casual street conversation might sound slightly stiff, though it is never 'wrong'. Most people will just say 'Hāvan'.

در محاوره، مردم معمولاً می‌گویند «هاون» اما در کتاب‌ها هاونگ نوشته می‌شود.

Finally, avoid using هاونگ for modern electrical appliances. An electric grinder is an Asiyāb-e barghi. Calling an electric grinder a هاونگ is a semantic error that reveals a lack of distinction between traditional and modern tools. Understanding these nuances—from the physical difference between the mortar and pestle to the correct linguistic register—will help you use the word with the confidence of a native speaker and avoid the common pitfalls that trip up many beginners.

While هاونگ is the specific term for a pestle, several other words in Persian describe similar tools or actions. Understanding these alternatives will help you navigate a Persian kitchen or bazaar more effectively. The most obvious related word is Hāvan (mortar). In many contexts, these two are inseparable. If you are looking for a more general word for a grinder, you might use Asiyāb. While Asiyāb usually refers to a mill (like a water mill or a coffee grinder), it shares the same functional goal as the هاونگ: reduction of a solid to a powder.

Hāvang vs. Gousht-koob
A Gousht-koob is a meat masher. It is usually larger, made of wood or aluminum, and has a flat or slightly textured base. It is used for mashing cooked meat and beans in dishes like Abgoosht. In contrast, a هاونگ is for grinding hard, dry ingredients.

تفاوت اصلی: هاونگ برای مواد خشک و سخت است، اما گوشت‌کوب برای مواد پخته و نرم.

Another alternative is Narm-kon, which literally means 'softener' but is often used for modern spice grinders. However, this lacks the traditional weight of هاونگ. In a laboratory or medical setting, you might hear the term Daste-ye Hāvan (handle of the mortar). This is technically a synonym for هاونگ but is more descriptive. For very fine grinding, like that of minerals or chemicals, the term Say-andeh (grinder/abrader) might be used in technical literature, though it is never used in the kitchen.

Regional Variations
In some Dari-speaking regions (Afghanistan), the word 'Jowāz' might be used for larger grinding apparatuses, though 'Hāvan' and 'Hāvang' are universally understood across the Persian-speaking world.

اگر هاونگ ندارید، می‌توانید از آسیاب برقی استفاده کنید، اما نتیجه یکسان نخواهد بود.

Finally, consider the word Kūbe. While Kūbe generally means 'door knocker' or 'mallet,' it shares the root kub- (to pound) with the action of the هاونگ. Understanding these connections helps you see the 'family' of words related to impact and grinding in Persian. Whether you are choosing between a stone هاونگ for nuts or a small brass one for saffron, knowing these synonyms and alternatives allows for more precise and culturally appropriate communication.

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수준별 예문

1

این یک هاونگ است.

This is a pestle.

Simple demonstrative sentence with 'ast'.

2

هاونگ در آشپزخانه است.

The pestle is in the kitchen.

Prepositional phrase 'dar āshpazkhāne'.

3

من هاونگ را دوست دارم.

I like the pestle.

Direct object with 'rā'.

4

هاونگ سنگین است.

The pestle is heavy.

Adjective 'sangin' following the noun.

5

مادر یک هاونگ دارد.

Mother has a pestle.

Verb 'dāshtan' (to have).

6

هاونگ زرد است.

The pestle is yellow (brass).

Color adjective.

7

هاونگ کوچک کجاست؟

Where is the small pestle?

Interrogative 'kojāst'.

8

یک هاونگ بخر.

Buy a pestle.

Imperative 'bekhar'.

1

با هاونگ زعفران را بکوب.

Pound the saffron with the pestle.

Imperative 'bekub' with instrumental 'bā'.

2

هاونگ سنگی خیلی محکم است.

The stone pestle is very strong.

Noun-adjective compound 'hāvang-e sangi'.

3

او با هاونگ نمک را پودر کرد.

He powdered the salt with the pestle.

Past tense 'poodr kard'.

4

آیا این هاونگ برای سیر خوب است؟

Is this pestle good for garlic?

Question about suitability.

5

هاونگ برنجی در طبقه بالا است.

The brass pestle is on the top shelf.

Location description.

6

من به یک هاونگ بزرگ نیاز دارم.

I need a large pestle.

Verb 'niyāz dāshtan'.

7

هاونگ را با آب گرم بشوی.

Wash the pestle with warm water.

Imperative 'beshu'.

8

صدای هاونگ را می‌شنوی؟

Do you hear the sound of the pestle?

Present continuous 'mi-shenavi'.

1

برای درست کردن این غذا، حتماً از هاونگ استفاده کنید.

To make this food, definitely use a pestle.

Subjunctive 'estefāde konid' for advice.

2

مادربزرگم همیشه زعفران را در هاونگ می‌سابید.

My grandmother always used to grind saffron in a pestle.

Imperfect tense 'mi-sābid' for habits.

3

او با هاونگ برنجی، هل را برای چای خرد کرد.

With a brass pestle, he crushed the cardamom for the tea.

Compound verb 'khord kardan'.

4

کوبیدن آب در هاونگ کاری بیهوده است.

Pounding water in a mortar is a useless task.

Gerund 'kubidan' as a subject.

5

هاونگ‌های قدیمی معمولاً از سنگ سیاه ساخته می‌شدند.

Old pestles were usually made of black stone.

Passive voice 'sākhte mi-shodand'.

6

اگر هاونگ نباشد، نمی‌توان ادویه‌ها را به خوبی پودر کرد.

If there is no pestle, one cannot powder the spices well.

Conditional sentence.

7

دسته هاونگ یا همان هاونگ، بخش اصلی این ابزار است.

The handle of the mortar, or the pestle itself, is the main part of this tool.

Explanatory appositive.

8

لطفاً هاونگ را در جای خودش قرار دهید.

Please put the pestle in its place.

Formal imperative 'gharār dehid'.

1

هنرمندان اصفهانی روی بدنه هاونگ‌های برنجی نقش و نگار می‌زنند.

Isfahani artists carve patterns on the body of brass pestles.

Present tense with plural subject.

2

در عطاری‌های قدیمی، هاونگ‌های بزرگی برای کوبیدن ریشه‌های سخت وجود دارد.

In old herbal shops, there are large pestles for pounding hard roots.

Existential 'vojud dārad'.

3

استفاده از هاونگ باعث می‌شود روغن‌های معطر ادویه بهتر آزاد شوند.

Using a pestle causes the aromatic oils of the spice to be released better.

Causal construction 'bā'es mi-shavad'.

4

او با مهارتی خاص، هاونگ را در دست می‌گرفت و می‌چرخاند.

With a specific skill, he would take the pestle in hand and rotate it.

Narrative imperfect.

5

وزن هاونگ باید به اندازه‌ای باشد که فشار زیادی به دست وارد نشود.

The weight of the pestle should be such that not much pressure is applied to the hand.

Modal 'bāyad' with subjunctive.

6

بسیاری از گردشگران هاونگ‌های کوچک سنگی را به عنوان سوغات می‌خرند.

Many tourists buy small stone pestles as souvenirs.

Direct object with 'be onvān-e'.

7

در متون طب سنتی، به دقت در استفاده از هاونگ تأکید شده است.

In traditional medicine texts, the precision in using a pestle is emphasized.

Passive perfect 'ta'kid shode ast'.

8

هاونگ‌های چوبی برای کوبیدن موادی که نباید با فلز تماس داشته باشند، مناسبند.

Wooden pestles are suitable for pounding substances that shouldn't touch metal.

Relative clause 'ke nabāyad...'.

1

در موزه ملی، هاونگ‌هایی متعلق به دوره مفرغ به نمایش گذاشته شده است.

In the National Museum, pestles belonging to the Bronze Age are on display.

Participial phrase 'motāllegh be'.

2

شاعری در بیتی، دل خود را به دانه‌ای تشبیه کرده که زیر هاونگ روزگار خرد می‌شود.

A poet in a verse compared his heart to a seed being crushed under the pestle of time.

Complex relative clause.

3

تحلیل متون پهلوی نشان می‌دهد که واژه هاونگ ریشه در زبان‌های باستانی ایران دارد.

Analysis of Pahlavi texts shows that the word 'Hāvang' has roots in the ancient languages of Iran.

Academic register.

4

صدای طنین‌انداز هاونگ در سحرگاه، نشان‌دهنده آغاز فعالیت در مطبخ‌های قدیمی بود.

The resonating sound of the pestle at dawn indicated the start of activity in old kitchens.

Descriptive noun phrases.

5

او معتقد بود که هیچ آسیاب برقی‌ای نمی‌تواند جایگزین ضربات دقیق هاونگ شود.

He believed that no electric grinder could replace the precise strikes of a pestle.

Negative universal 'hich...-i'.

6

ساختار ارگونومیک هاونگ‌های سنگی باستان، شگفتی باستان‌شناسان را برانگیخته است.

The ergonomic structure of ancient stone pestles has aroused the wonder of archaeologists.

Subject-object-verb complexity.

7

در برخی گویش‌ها، واژه هاونگ با دگرگونی‌های آوایی جالبی همراه شده است.

In some dialects, the word 'Hāvang' is accompanied by interesting phonetic transformations.

Passive 'hamrāh shode ast'.

8

هاونگ در کیمیاگری نمادی از تغییر شکل و دگردیسی ماده به حساب می‌آمد.

In alchemy, the pestle was considered a symbol of transformation and metamorphosis of matter.

Passive construction 'be hesab mi-āmad'.

1

استمرار در کوبیدن هاونگ، استعاره‌ای است از پایداری در برابر ناملایمات هستی.

Persistence in pounding the pestle is a metaphor for resilience against the adversities of existence.

Philosophical abstraction.

2

تطبیق واژه‌شناختی میان 'هاونگ' و ریشه‌های اوستایی آن، افق‌های جدیدی در زبان‌شناسی گشوده است.

Lexicological matching between 'Hāvang' and its Avestan roots has opened new horizons in linguistics.

High academic register.

3

در شاهکار ادبی، نویسنده از صدای هاونگ برای فضاسازی و القای حس انتظار استفاده کرده است.

In the literary masterpiece, the author used the sound of the pestle for atmosphere-building and conveying a sense of anticipation.

Literary analysis.

4

ظرافت قلم‌زنی بر روی هاونگ‌های دوره سلجوقی، اوج هنر فلزکاری آن عصر را بازمی‌نماید.

The delicacy of the engraving on Seljuk-era pestles reflects the peak of metalworking art of that age.

Complex genitive constructions.

5

تقابل میان هاونگ دستی و تکنولوژی مدرن، بازتابی از کشمکش سنت و مدرنیته در جامعه است.

The contrast between the manual pestle and modern technology is a reflection of the struggle between tradition and modernity in society.

Sociological analysis.

6

در برخی آیین‌های صوفیانه، حرکت چرخشی هاونگ معانی رمزی و عرفانی خاصی دارد.

In some Sufi rituals, the circular motion of the pestle carries specific symbolic and mystical meanings.

Mystical terminology.

7

بررسی مکانیکی ضربات هاونگ نشان‌دهنده توزیع بهینه نیرو در طراحی‌های سنتی است.

Mechanical examination of pestle strikes indicates the optimal distribution of force in traditional designs.

Scientific register.

8

واژه هاونگ در متون پهلوی به صورت 'hāwan' ضبط شده که نشان‌دهنده تداوم زبانی هزارساله است.

The word 'Hāvang' is recorded as 'hāwan' in Pahlavi texts, indicating a thousand-year linguistic continuity.

Historical linguistics.

자주 쓰는 조합

هاونگ برنجی
هاونگ سنگی
کوبیدن با هاونگ
هاونگ کوچک
صدای هاونگ
ست هاون و هاونگ
هاونگ قدیمی
شستن هاونگ
هاونگ سنگین
هاونگ چوبی

자주 쓰는 구문

هاونگ را بردار

— Pick up the pestle. Used when starting to cook.

هاونگ را بردار و سیرها را له کن.

با هاونگ زدن

— To strike with a pestle. Can be literal or figurative.

او با هاونگ به لبه ظرف زد.

هاونگ برنجی اصل

— Genuine brass pestle. Used in markets.

این هاونگ برنجی اصل زنجان است.

جای هاونگ

— The place where the pestle is kept.

جای هاونگ در این قفسه است.

هاونگ دستی

— Manual pestle. Emphasizes it's not electric.

من همیشه از هاونگ دستی استفاده می‌کنم.

دسته هاونگ

— The handle or the pestle itself.

دسته هاونگ از دستش افتاد.

هاونگ مرمر

— Marble pestle. Used for aesthetics and durability.

هاونگ مرمر بسیار زیباست.

خرد کردن با هاونگ
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