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A2 verb 8분 분량

خرد کردن

예시 노트와 팁 خرد کردن 30초 만에
설명 خرد کردن in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'khord kardan' means to chop food. You will mostly see it in very simple sentences about helping in the kitchen. For example, 'I chop the onion' (Man piyaz khord mikonam). You should learn it as a pair: 'khord' + 'kardan'. Remember that 'kardan' is the part that changes when you talk about 'I', 'you', or 'he/she'. It is a very useful word because food is a big part of Persian culture. You might also hear it when someone asks for 'small money' (pool-e khord), but for now, focus on the kitchen meaning. Just think of it as the 'chopping' verb. Don't worry about complex grammar yet; just focus on the present tense and the basic idea of making something big into small pieces.
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At the A2 level, you should be able to use 'khord kardan' in more complete sentences and in different tenses. You should know how to use the direct object marker 'ra' with it, like 'Piyaz ra khord kon' (Chop the onion). You can also start using it in the past tense to describe what you did: 'Man gojeh-farangi-ha ra khord kardam' (I chopped the tomatoes). At this level, you should also understand the financial meaning: breaking a large bill into smaller change. This is very important if you travel to Iran. If you are in a taxi, you might need to ask the driver to 'khord kardan' your money. You are moving beyond just 'chopping' and starting to see the word's versatility in daily life and simple transactions.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'khord kardan' in various moods, such as the imperative (commands) and the subjunctive. You should also understand the difference between 'khord kardan' (active: to chop) and 'khord shodan' (passive: to be crushed/shattered). For example, you can say 'The glass fell and shattered' (Shisheh khord shod). You should also be able to use adverbs to describe how something is chopped, such as 'riz' (finely) or 'dorosht' (roughly). You might start to see the word in metaphorical contexts, like 'crushing' a piece of news or breaking down a large task into 'khord' (small) parts. Your vocabulary is expanding to include synonyms like 'randeh kardan' (to grate) and 'boridan' (to cut), and you should know when to choose 'khord kardan' over them.
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At the B2 level, you can use 'khord kardan' in more abstract and idiomatic ways. You understand that it can mean to 'crush' someone's nerves (a'sab-e kasi ra khord kardan) or someone's pride (ghoroor-e kasi ra khord kardan). These are common expressions in movies and literature. You should be able to use the verb in complex sentence structures, such as conditional sentences ('If you chop the vegetables now, I can start the stew'). You also understand the nuances of the word in industrial or technical contexts, where it might mean crushing stone or materials. Your understanding of the word family, including 'khordeh-fooroosh' (retailer) and 'khordeh-shisheh' (having a malicious intent), begins to take shape at this level.
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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the etymological roots and the various registers of 'khord kardan'. You can distinguish between the literal physical act and the subtle literary uses. You might encounter the word in classical or modern Persian poetry, where 'khord' refers to the smallness of the human condition or the shattering of dreams. You are aware of the sociolinguistic aspects of the word, such as how its use in the financial 'change' context varies across different Persian-speaking regions. You can use the verb to describe complex processes, like the fragmentation of a political party or the breakdown of a philosophical argument into 'khord' components. Your usage is fluid, and you can switch between formal and informal registers with ease.
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At the C2 level, you master the most subtle and rare uses of 'khord kardan'. You can appreciate the word's role in the evolution of the Persian language, from Middle Persian 'xwurd' to its current form. You can engage in high-level discussions about the semantics of 'smallness' in Persian thought, using this verb as a primary example. You are capable of using the verb in highly stylized prose or academic writing to describe the atomization of society or the granular analysis of data. You also understand the most obscure idioms and slang that use 'khord', and you can use them with the same naturalness as a native speaker. The word is no longer just a verb to you; it's a versatile tool for precision in thought and expression.
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예시 노트와 팁

خرد کردن 30초 만에

  • Khord kardan is the primary Persian verb for chopping food into small pieces in the kitchen.
  • It is also used to mean 'breaking' a large currency note into smaller change.
  • Metaphorically, it can mean to 'crush' someone's nerves or pride.
  • As a compound verb, only the 'kardan' part is conjugated for tense and person.

The Persian compound verb خرد کردن (khord kardan) is a cornerstone of daily Persian vocabulary, primarily used in the context of culinary preparation and physical transformation. At its most basic level, it translates to 'to chop,' 'to shred,' or 'to cut into small pieces.' However, its utility extends far beyond the kitchen. Understanding this verb requires a grasp of its two components: 'khord' (meaning small, tiny, or crushed) and 'kardan' (the ubiquitous auxiliary verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make'). Together, they describe the intentional action of reducing a larger object into many smaller constituent parts. Whether you are preparing a salad, breaking down a large box, or even dealing with currency, this verb is your primary tool for expression.

Culinary Context
In Iranian cuisine, the texture of ingredients is paramount. Herbs for Sabzi Polo or vegetables for Salad Shirazi must be chopped finely. Here, 'khord kardan' is used to describe the rhythmic action of a knife against a cutting board.

مادرم دارد سبزی‌ها را برای قرمه سبزی خرد می‌کند.

My mother is chopping the herbs for Ghormeh Sabzi.

Beyond food, the verb is used for physical destruction or fragmentation. If a glass falls and breaks into tiny shards, the act of further crushing those shards or the intentional act of breaking something large into pieces is described using this verb. It carries a sense of mechanical reduction. In the world of finance, 'khord kardan' takes on a specialized meaning: 'to break a large bill into smaller change.' If you have a 100,000-rial note and need smaller denominations for a taxi, you would ask someone to 'khord' it for you. This reflects the literal meaning of making something 'small' (khord).

Abstract Usage
Metaphorically, the verb can be used to describe crushing someone's spirit or pride (ghoroor). While 'shekastan' (to break) is also used, 'khord kardan' implies a more thorough, pulverizing destruction.

او با حرف‌هایش شخصیت مرا خرد کرد.

He crushed my personality/character with his words.

In summary, 'khord kardan' is an essential verb that bridges the gap between the physical labor of the kitchen and the abstract concepts of emotional impact and financial exchange. It is a versatile tool that every learner must master to navigate daily life in a Persian-speaking environment.

Using خرد کردن correctly involves understanding the direct object marker 'râ' (را), as this verb is transitive. You are almost always chopping *something*. The structure typically follows: [Subject] + [Object] + را + [Adverbs] + [khord kardan]. Because it is a compound verb, only the 'kardan' part changes to reflect the tense, person, and number, while 'khord' remains stationary as the prefix.

Present Continuous
To describe an action happening right now: 'Man dâram piyâz khord mikonam' (I am chopping onions). The auxiliary 'dâram' and the prefix 'mi-' are attached to 'kardan'.

آیا می‌توانی این سیب‌زمینی‌ها را خرد کنی؟

Can you chop these potatoes?

When using it in the past tense, you use the past stem of kardan, which is 'kard'. For example: 'U kâghaz-hâ râ khord kard' (He shredded the papers). Note how the verb remains at the end of the sentence, a standard feature of Persian SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) typology. If you want to specify *how* something is chopped, you add an adverb before the verb.

Adverbial Modification
Use 'riz' (small) to say 'finely chop': 'Piyâz râ riz khord kon' (Chop the onion finely). Use 'dorosht' (large) for a 'rough chop'.

من دیشب تمام گوشت‌ها را خرد کردم.

I chopped all the meat last night.

In imperative forms (commands), you use 'be-' or simply the stem in informal speech. 'Khord kon!' (Chop!) is common in the kitchen. For the money-changing context, the sentence usually looks like: 'In pool râ barâye man khord mikonid?' (Would you break/change this money for me?). This polite interrogative form is essential for travelers.

You will encounter خرد کردن in several distinct environments. The most frequent is the Iranian household. Since Iranian cooking is labor-intensive and involves many fresh ingredients, the sound of chopping and the verb itself are ubiquitous. Cooking shows on IRIB (Iranian television) or YouTube channels like 'Ashpazbashi' will use this verb repeatedly when demonstrating recipes for Sabzi Khordan or various stews (Khoresht).

At the Bazaar
When buying vegetables or meat, you might ask the vendor: 'Mishavad in morgh râ barâye man khord konid?' (Can you chop this chicken for me?). Many shops have industrial shredders or skilled butchers who perform this task for customers.

آقا، لطفاً این تراول را برای من خرد کنید.

Sir, please break this traveler's check/large bill for me.

Another common setting is the bank or a taxi. In Iran's cash-heavy or card-to-card economy, having 'pool-e khord' (small change) is vital. Drivers often complain about not having change, leading to the phrase: 'Pool-e khord nadâram' (I don't have change). Consequently, you will hear people asking shops to 'khord kardan' their large notes just to pay for a commute.

In literature and news, you might hear it in a more metaphorical or destructive sense. Reports on industrial accidents might mention machinery that 'khord kard' (crushed) materials. In emotional dramas or poetry, a character might lament that their heart or pride was 'khord' (shattered/crushed) by a lover's betrayal. This range from the literal onion to the metaphorical heart makes it a deeply expressive verb.

Learners often stumble over خرد کردن due to its phonetic similarity to other words and its compound nature. The most frequent error is confusing it with the verb خوردن (khordan), which means 'to eat.' While they share the same initial three letters in Persian script (خرد vs خورد), the pronunciation and the addition of 'kardan' are crucial markers.

Confusion with 'Khordan'
Mistake: 'Man dâram piyâz mikhoram' (I am eating onions) when you mean 'I am chopping onions' (Man dâram piyâz khord mikonam). The absence of 'khord' and the use of 'mikhoram' instead of 'mikonam' changes the meaning entirely.

Incorrect: من نان را خرد شدم.

Incorrect: 'I became chopped bread' (using passive/intransitive instead of active).

Another mistake involves the passive voice. 'Khord kardan' is active (to chop). If something breaks or gets crushed on its own, you should use خرد شدن (khord shodan). Learners often mix these up, saying they 'chopped' something when they mean it 'broke.' For example, if a glass falls, it 'khord shod' (shattered), but you didn't 'khord kard' (chop/crush) it unless you did it intentionally.

Finally, learners sometimes forget the direct object marker 'râ' (را). Because 'khord kardan' is a transitive verb, the thing being chopped must be marked. Saying 'Piyâz khord mikonam' is acceptable in very informal speech, but 'Piyâz râ khord mikonam' is grammatically correct and clearer for learners. Also, avoid using 'boridan' (to cut) when you specifically mean 'to chop into many pieces'; 'boridan' is more for a single cut or slicing a piece of paper.

While خرد کردن is the general term for chopping, Persian offers several synonyms and related verbs that provide more specificity depending on the texture and the tool used.

Slicing vs. Chopping
بریدن (boridan): To cut. This is a general term. You 'boridan' a piece of cake or a finger, but you 'khord kardan' a salad.
ورقه ورقه کردن (varaghe varaghe kardan): To slice into thin sheets, like slicing a potato for chips.

او قارچ‌ها را اسلایس کرد.

He sliced the mushrooms (using the loanword 'slice').

For very fine chopping, you might hear ریزه ریزه کردن (rize rize kardan), which emphasizes the 'tiny' (riz) nature of the pieces. If you are using a grater, the verb is رنده کردن (randeh kardan). This is essential for carrots or cheese. If you are crushing something into a powder (like walnuts for Fesenjan), you might use آسیاب کردن (âsiyâb kardan) - to grind.

Crushing and Mashing
له کردن (leh kardan): To mash or squash. If you chop a tomato so much it becomes mush, you have 'leh'ed it. 'Khord kardan' maintains the integrity of the pieces, while 'leh kardan' destroys them into a paste.
کوبیدن (koobidan): To pound or beat. Used when using a mortar and pestle (havang) to crush garlic or saffron.

In a financial context, instead of 'khord kardan', you might simply say 'change kardan' (using the English loanword), though 'khord kardan' remains more traditional and common in bazaars.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word 'khord' is a cognate with the English word 'short' and the Greek 'kurtos', all stemming from the PIE root *sker- meaning 'to cut'.

발음 가이드

UK /xoɾd kæɾdæn/
US /xoɾd kæɾdæn/
The primary stress is on the first syllable of the second word: 'kar-DAN'. However, in the compound form, 'khord' also carries significant weight.
라임이 맞는 단어
Lord (English loanword) Mord (Persian: died) Bord (Persian: took) Gord (Persian: hero) Sord Kord (Persian: Kurd) Tord (Persian: brittle) Fard (Persian: individual)
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'k' (kord kardan).
  • Confusing 'khord' (chopped) with 'khord' (past stem of 'to eat' - though written differently as 'khord' and 'khord').
  • Missing the 'd' at the end of 'khord'.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize in text, but don't confuse it with 'khordan' (to eat).

쓰기 3/5

Requires remembering the 'kh-r-d' spelling and the auxiliary 'kardan'.

말하기 2/5

Common and easy to use once the 'kh' sound is mastered.

듣기 3/5

Can be confused with similar sounding words in fast speech.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

کردن (kardan) کوچک (koochak) چاقو (chaghoo) پول (pool) پیاز (piyaz)

다음에 배울 것

بریدن (boridan) رنده کردن (randeh kardan) پختن (pokhtan) سرخ کردن (sorkh kardan) خرد شدن (khord shodan)

고급

تجزیه کردن (tajziyeh kardan) متلاشی کردن (motalashi kardan) منحل کردن (monhal kardan)
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수준별 예문

1

من پیاز را خرد می‌کنم.

I chop the onion.

Present tense: khord + mi + kon + am.

2

مادر سبزی خرد می‌کند.

Mother chops herbs.

Third person singular present: khord mikonad.

3

لطفاً نان را خرد کن.

Please break the bread into small pieces.

Imperative: khord + kon.

4

او دارد گوشت خرد می‌کند.

He is chopping meat.

Present continuous: dârad ... khord mikonad.

5

ما میوه خرد می‌کنیم.

We chop fruit.

First person plural present: khord mikonim.

6

سیب را خرد نکن.

Don't chop the apple.

Negative imperative: khord + na + kon.

7

آن‌ها خیار خرد می‌کنند.

They chop cucumbers.

Third person plural present: khord mikonand.

8

من سیب‌زمینی خرد کردم.

I chopped potatoes.

Simple past: khord + kard + am.

1

می‌توانی این پول را برای من خرد کنی؟

Can you break this money (bill) for me?

Interrogative present: khord koni?

2

من دیروز تمام سبزی‌ها را خرد کردم.

I chopped all the herbs yesterday.

Simple past with 'diruz' (yesterday).

3

او همیشه پیاز را خیلی ریز خرد می‌کند.

She always chops the onion very finely.

Use of adverb 'riz' (fine).

4

ما باید گوشت را برای کباب خرد کنیم.

We must chop the meat for the kebab.

Modal 'bâyad' (must) + subjunctive.

5

چرا کاغذها را خرد کردی؟

Why did you shred the papers?

Interrogative past: khord kardi?

6

لطفاً گوجه‌ها را درشت خرد کن.

Please chop the tomatoes roughly (in large pieces).

Use of adverb 'dorosht' (large/rough).

7

او داشت هویج‌ها را خرد می‌کرد که دستش را برید.

He was chopping the carrots when he cut his hand.

Past continuous: dâsht ... khord mikard.

8

بچه‌ها دارند با مداد رنگی کاغذ خرد می‌کنند.

The children are shredding paper with colored pencils (playing).

Present continuous plural.

1

اگر سبزی‌ها را خرد کنی، من غذا را می‌پزم.

If you chop the herbs, I will cook the food.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

2

او ترجیح می‌دهد قارچ‌ها را با دستگاه خرد کند.

He prefers to chop the mushrooms with a machine.

Subjunctive after 'tarjih midahad'.

3

شیشه بر اثر ضربه خرد شد.

The glass was shattered due to the impact.

Passive voice: khord shodan.

4

نباید اعصاب دیگران را خرد کنیم.

We shouldn't get on other people's nerves (crush their nerves).

Idiomatic use with 'a'sab'.

5

او با دقت تمام مدارک را خرد کرد.

He shredded all the documents with great care.

Adverbial phrase 'bâ deghat-e tamâm'.

6

می‌خواستم پولم را خرد کنم اما بانک بسته بود.

I wanted to break my money, but the bank was closed.

Past continuous of intention.

7

آشپز ماهر پیاز را در چند ثانیه خرد می‌کند.

A skilled chef chops an onion in a few seconds.

General truth/habitual present.

8

قبل از پختن، باید گردوها را کمی خرد کنید.

Before cooking, you should chop the walnuts a little.

Gerund 'ghabl az' + subjunctive.

1

رفتار بد او غرور مرا خرد کرد.

His bad behavior crushed my pride.

Metaphorical use with 'ghoroor'.

2

او تمام وقتش را صرف خرد کردن مسائل پیچیده می‌کند.

He spends all his time breaking down complex issues.

Abstract usage: breaking down problems.

3

ماشین‌های سنگین سنگ‌ها را برای جاده‌سازی خرد می‌کنند.

Heavy machinery crushes stones for road construction.

Industrial context.

4

او با این کار تمام پل‌های پشت سرش را خرد کرد.

With this action, he crushed all the bridges behind him (burned his bridges).

Idiomatic expression.

5

صدای خرد شدن برگ‌ها زیر پا لذت‌بخش است.

The sound of leaves being crushed underfoot is pleasant.

Gerund of the passive form.

6

او سعی کرد با خرد کردن هیزم‌ها خشمش را تخلیه کند.

He tried to vent his anger by chopping firewood.

Infinitive phrase as a means.

7

بانک مرکزی اسکناس‌های فرسوده را خرد می‌کند.

The Central Bank shreds worn-out banknotes.

Official/Institutional context.

8

او با حرف‌های نیش‌دارش شخصیت رقیبش را خرد کرد.

He crushed his rival's character with his stinging words.

Abstract/Emotional context.

1

نویسنده در این کتاب، ساختارهای سنتی جامعه را خرد می‌کند.

In this book, the author deconstructs (crushes) the traditional structures of society.

Literary/Analytical usage.

2

فشار اقتصادی لایه‌های میانی جامعه را خرد کرده است.

Economic pressure has crushed the middle layers of society.

Sociological context.

3

او با نگاهی تحلیلی، فرضیه را به اجزای خرد تقسیم کرد.

With an analytical gaze, he divided the hypothesis into minute components.

Academic context.

4

در این شعر، شاعر از خرد شدن آرزوهایش می‌گوید.

In this poem, the poet speaks of the shattering of his dreams.

Poetic/Metaphorical usage.

5

عملیات خرد کردن سنگ‌های معدنی با تکنولوژی جدید انجام می‌شود.

The operation of crushing mineral rocks is performed with new technology.

Technical/Industrial register.

6

او نباید اجازه دهد مشکلات زندگی روحش را خرد کنند.

He shouldn't let life's problems crush his soul.

Psychological context.

7

سیاست‌های جدید، قدرت اتحادیه‌های کارگری را خرد کرد.

The new policies shattered the power of the labor unions.

Political context.

8

او با خرد کردن زمان‌بندی پروژه، مدیریت آن را آسان‌تر کرد.

By breaking down the project timeline, he made its management easier.

Management/Business context.

1

تجزیه و تحلیل خردگرایانه، کلیت پدیده را خرد و نابود می‌کند.

Rationalistic analysis fragments and destroys the totality of the phenomenon.

Philosophical register.

2

او در پی خرد کردن هیمنه پوشالی دشمن بود.

He sought to crush the hollow hegemony of the enemy.

Highly formal/Political register.

3

این نظریه، تمام پیش‌فرض‌های قبلی ما را خرد می‌کند.

This theory shatters all our previous assumptions.

Epistemological context.

4

در متون کلاسیک، خرد کردن گاه به معنای خوار شمردن به کار رفته است.

In classical texts, 'khord kardan' is sometimes used to mean 'to belittle'.

Philological note.

5

او با مهارتی بی‌نظیر، اتم را در آزمایشگاه خرد کرد.

With unparalleled skill, he split (crushed/fragmented) the atom in the laboratory.

Scientific/Metaphorical usage.

6

خرد کردن ساختار زبان، از ویژگی‌های پست‌مدرنیسم است.

Deconstructing (crushing) the structure of language is a feature of postmodernism.

Literary theory context.

7

او با کلامی قاطع، مقاومت مخالفان را خرد کرد.

With decisive words, he crushed the resistance of the opponents.

Rhetorical context.

8

نیروی گرانش در سیاهچاله، ماده را تا حد اتم خرد می‌کند.

The force of gravity in a black hole crushes matter down to the atomic level.

Astrophysical context.

자주 쓰는 조합

پیاز خرد کردن
پول خرد کردن
اعصاب خرد کردن
سبزی خرد کردن
گوشت خرد کردن
کاغذ خرد کردن
هیزم خرد کردن
ریز خرد کردن
درشت خرد کردن
غرور خرد کردن

자주 쓰는 구문

اعصابم خرد است

— I am very annoyed or stressed. Literally: My nerves are crushed.

امروز به خاطر کار، اعصابم خرد است.

پول خرد داری؟

— Do you have any change? Used in taxis or shops.

ببخشید، پول خرد دارید؟

ریز خردش کن

— Chop it finely. Common cooking instruction.

پیاز را برای سالاد ریز خردش کن.

خرد و خمیر شدن

— To be completely crushed or exhausted. Literally: to become crushed and dough.

بعد از ورزش خرد و خمیر شدم.

خرد و خاکشیر کردن

— To smash something to smithereens.

او لیوان را خرد و خاکشیر کرد.

خرد و کوچک

— Tiny and small. Used for emphasis.

او قطعات خرد و کوچک را جمع کرد.

دستگاه کاغذ خردکن

— Paper shredder.

ما به یک دستگاه کاغذ خردکن نیاز داریم.

خرد و خراب

— Broken and ruined.

ماشین بعد از تصادف خرد و خراب شد.

اعصاب‌خردکن

— Annoying or nerve-wracking.

این صدای بلند خیلی اعصاب‌خردکن است.

خرد کردن یخ

— To crush ice.

یخ‌ها را برای شربت خرد کن.

관용어 및 표현

"اعصاب کسی را خرد کردن"

— To get on someone's nerves or irritate them intensely.

با این سوالات اعصابم را خرد نکن.

Informal
"غرور کسی را خرد کردن"

— To deeply humiliate someone or destroy their self-esteem.

او جلوی همه غرور مرا خرد کرد.

Neutral
"خرد و خمیر شدن"

— To be extremely tired or physically broken after hard work.

از صبح کار کردم و خرد و خمیر شدم.

Informal
"دهان کسی را خرد کردن"

— To punch someone in the mouth (threatening).

اگر دوباره این را بگویی دهانت را خرد می‌کنم.

Slang/Aggressive
"خرد و خاکشیر کردن"

— To totally destroy or smash something.

بچه اسباب‌بازی‌اش را خرد و خاکشیر کرد.

Informal
"شخصیت کسی را خرد کردن"

— To character assassinate or destroy someone's reputation/ego.

رئیس با انتقادش شخصیت او را خرد کرد.

Formal
"خرد کردن پل‌های پشت سر"

— A variation of burning bridges, implying total destruction of past paths.

او با استعفایش پل‌های پشت سرش را خرد کرد.

Literary
"اعصاب‌خردکن بودن"

— To be incredibly annoying.

ترافیک تهران واقعاً اعصاب‌خردکن است.

Informal
"خرد کردن استخوان"

— To work so hard it 'breaks' the bones; to endure extreme hardship.

فقر استخوان‌های آن‌ها را خرد کرد.

Literary
"خرد کردن سنگ"

— Metaphor for doing extremely difficult, manual labor.

او برای معاش خانواده‌اش سنگ خرد می‌کند.

Metaphorical

어휘 가족

명사

خردکن (chopper/shredder)
خردگی (fragmentation/wear)
خورده (scrap/leftover)

동사

خرد شدن (to be crushed/shattered)
خرد کردن (to chop/crush)

형용사

خرد (small/tiny)
خردشده (chopped/crushed)
اعصاب‌خردکن (annoying)

관련

ریز (tiny)
کوچک (small)
شکستن (to break)
پول خرد (change)
خردسال (toddler)
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기억법

Imagine a 'CHORD' on a guitar being snapped into many small pieces. 'Khord' sounds like 'chord', and you are 'kardan' (doing) the snapping.

시각적 연상

Visualize a sharp knife hitting a wooden board, turning one big onion into a hundred tiny white squares.

Word Web

Piyaz Sabzi Goosht Pool A'sab Ghoroor Shisheh Chaghoo

챌린지

Try to list five things in your room right now that you could 'khord kardan' if you had a giant pair of scissors or a knife.

어원

Derived from Middle Persian 'xwurd' or 'xward', which meant small or minute.

원래 의미: To make small or to diminish in size.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Western Iranian -> Persian.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using 'a'sab-e mara khord kardi' (you crushed my nerves) as it can be quite confrontational.

While English uses 'chop', 'dice', 'mince', or 'shred', Persian often uses 'khord kardan' as a catch-all for all these actions, adding adverbs like 'riz' for precision.

Used in countless Persian recipes in books like 'The Legendary Cuisine of Persia'. Commonly heard in Iranian family dramas (Serial-ha) during kitchen scenes. Appears in poetry by Rumi and Hafez in the context of the 'khord' (small) vs the 'bozorg' (great).

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실제 사용 상황

In the Kitchen

  • پیاز را خرد کن
  • سبزی‌ها را ریز خرد کن
  • گوشت را تکه‌ای خرد کن
  • سیب‌زمینی را خرد کردم

At the Bank/Store

  • این پول را خرد می‌کنید؟
  • پول خرد ندارم
  • ممنون که پول را خرد کردید
  • کجا می‌توانم پولم را خرد کنم؟

Office/Shredding

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