A1 · 초급 챕터 21

Conditions and Delegating Actions

4 총 규칙
42 예문
6

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the power of conditions and delegation to express complex thoughts with simple French grammar.

  • Construct conditional sentences with 'Si'.
  • Use 'Si' to contradict negative statements.
  • Delegate actions using 'Faire' and 'Laisser'.
Unlock the power of 'If' and delegation!

배울 내용

Hey there, motivated learner! This chapter is a huge step forward that will really bring your French to life. You know how often we want to say, “If this happens, I’ll do that” or “So-and-so let me do such-and-such”? Well, that's exactly what you're going to master right here! First, you'll get acquainted with the magical 'Si'. You'll learn how to combine 'Si' with the present tense to make plans or set simple conditions. For instance, you can say, “If it rains, I’ll stay home” (Si pleut, je reste à la maison). This skill alone will let you build tons of practical sentences. Then, you'll discover another super cool use for 'Si'! Imagine someone makes a negative statement or asks a negative question, and you want to say, “No, you're wrong, actually, yes it is!” That's where 'Si' jumps in, acting like a strong 'yes' to assert your point. For example, if someone asks, “Aren't you hungry?” and you actually are, you'd confidently say, “Si!” Finally, we'll dive into two crucial verbs: 'Faire' and 'Laisser'. With these, you'll learn how to express “I let someone do something” or “I make/have someone do something.” Think “My teacher let me go” (Mon professeur m'a laissé partir) or “I had my hair cut” (J'ai fait couper mes cheveux). This means you can both delegate tasks and allow others to perform actions. By the end of this chapter, you'll be able to articulate countless everyday scenarios in French. For example, during a trip, if you want to say, “If I have time, I’ll visit the museum,” or at a restaurant, “If my friend lets me, I’ll try this dish.” Pretty useful, right? So jump in with enthusiasm – you're about to make fantastic progress!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Formulate a simple plan using 'Si' + present tense.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Correct a negative statement using the emphatic 'Si'.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'Faire' and 'Laisser' to describe delegated actions.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Welcome, aspiring French speaker, to a truly transformative chapter in your A1 French grammar journey! You're about to unlock some incredibly practical ways to express yourself, moving beyond simple statements to more dynamic interactions. This guide is designed to make complex ideas feel approachable, helping you build confidence in expressing conditions and delegating actions – skills crucial for everyday conversations.
Mastering these concepts will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively, pushing you well beyond basic survival French. We’ll delve into the versatile little word Si, explore its dual power as both a conditional if and a powerful yes of contradiction, and then introduce you to the essential verbs Faire and Laisser for expressing making or letting someone do something. By the end of this chapter, you’ll be able to articulate plans, assert your opinions, and describe delegated tasks with ease.
Get ready to truly bring your French to life and make fantastic progress!

How This Grammar Works

This chapter introduces you to three fundamental structures that will dramatically expand your communicative power in A1 French. First up, we have French If-Phrases: Making Plans (Si + Present). This is how you set simple conditions or make plans.
The rule is straightforward: use Si (if) followed by a verb in the present tense, and the consequence or action can also be in the present tense (or a command, which you'll learn later). For example: Si tu as le temps, appelle-moi. (If you have time, call me.) or Si il fait beau, nous allons au parc. (If the weather is nice, we go to the park.) This pattern allows you to link events logically, a cornerstone of natural conversation.
Next, we uncover another super cool use for Si: The French 'Si': Using 'If' and 'Yes' (Contradiction). Imagine someone asks a negative question or makes a negative statement, and you want to strongly disagree or correct them with a yes. That's where Si shines! It's the emphatic yes used *only* in response to a negative.
For instance, if someone asks, Tu n'es pas fatigué ? (Aren't you tired?), and you *are* tired, you'd confidently reply, Si ! (Yes, I am!). If you used Oui, it would sound like you're agreeing that you're *not* tired. This subtle yet crucial distinction is a hallmark of natural French speech.
Finally, we explore Making & Letting (Faire & Laisser). These two verbs allow you to express delegation or permission.
Faire followed by an infinitive means
to make someone do something
or
to have something done.
The structure is faire + [infinitive verb]. For example: Je fais réparer ma voiture. (I am having my car repaired.) or Elle me fait rire. (She makes me laugh.)
Laisser followed by an infinitive means
to let someone do something
or
to allow something to happen.
The structure is laisser + [infinitive verb]. For example: Mon professeur me laisse partir. (My teacher lets me leave.) or Laisse-moi t'aider. (Let me help you.) Mastering these structures will enable you to describe actions performed by or permitted to others, a vital part of everyday French grammar.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Wrong: Si j'aurai le temps, je viendrai.
Correct: Si j'ai le temps, je viendrai. (If I have time, I will come.)
*Explanation:* In A1 French, when using Si to express a condition about the present or future, the verb immediately following Si must be in the present tense. We do not use the future tense directly after Si in this type of conditional sentence.
  1. 1Wrong: Tu n'aimes pas le café ? Oui.
Correct: Tu n'aimes pas le café ? Si ! (You don't like coffee? Yes, I do!)
*Explanation:* When answering a negative question or contradicting a negative statement with an affirmative yes, you *must* use Si. Using Oui in this context would imply agreement with the negative (i.e., "Yes, I don't like coffee").
  1. 1Wrong: Je fais ma voiture réparer.
Correct: Je fais réparer ma voiture. (I am having my car repaired.)
*Explanation:* With faire and laisser followed by an infinitive, the infinitive verb comes directly after faire or laisser, not after the object. The structure is faire/laisser + infinitive + object (if any).

Real Conversations

A

A

Si tu veux, nous pouvons aller au marché. (If you want, we can go to the market.)
B

B

Bonne idée ! Si il fait beau, j'irai. (Good idea! If the weather is nice, I'll go.)
A

A

Tu n'as pas faim ? (Aren't you hungry?)
B

B

Si ! J'ai très faim ! (Yes, I am! I'm very hungry!)
A

A

Le professeur nous laisse partir tôt aujourd'hui. (The teacher is letting us leave early today.)
B

B

Génial ! Je dois faire mes devoirs. (Great! I have to do my homework.)

Quick FAQ

Q

Why can't I use Oui instead of Si when contradicting a negative question in A1 French?

Oui means yes in a general sense, agreeing with a positive statement. Si is specifically used to contradict a negative statement or question, meaning

yes, on the contrary
or yes, actually. It's a crucial distinction for natural-sounding French.

Q

Can Si be used with other tenses at A1 level in conditional sentences?

At the A1 French grammar level, you'll primarily encounter Si with the present tense (e.g., Si j'ai le temps...). More complex conditional structures with other tenses are introduced at higher CEFR levels.

Q

Is there a difference between faire and laisser when they are followed by an infinitive?

Yes, there's a clear difference. Faire + infinitive means

to make/have someone do something
or
to cause something to happen
(implying action or delegation). Laisser + infinitive means
to let/allow someone to do something
(implying permission or absence of intervention).

Cultural Context

These patterns are incredibly common in daily French life. The conditional Si allows for polite suggestions and planning, crucial for social interactions. The emphatic Si is a fundamental part of expressing disagreement or assertion; using Oui incorrectly in these situations can lead to misunderstandings or make your French sound less natural.
Similarly, the causative structures with Faire and Laisser are essential for discussing services, responsibilities, and permissions, reflecting how French speakers delegate tasks or grant liberties in their everyday lives. Mastering them will make your conversations much more fluid and authentically French.

주요 예문 (8)

1

Si tu manges tout, tu es malade.

다 먹으면 아플 거야.

프랑스어 조건문: 계획 세우기 (Si + 현재형)
2

Si tu likes ma photo, je like la tienne !

내 사진에 좋아요 누르면 나도 네 거 누를게!

프랑스어 조건문: 계획 세우기 (Si + 현재형)
3

Si tu as soif, bois de l'eau.

목마르면 물을 마셔.

프랑스어 'Si': '만약' (If)과 '아니오 (긍정의 Si)' 사용하기
4

Tu n'aimes pas le fromage ? Si, j'adore ça !

— 치즈 안 좋아해? — 아니, 정말 좋아해!

프랑스어 'Si': '만약' (If)과 '아니오 (긍정의 Si)' 사용하기
5

Si tu as un billet, tu entres.

티켓이 있으면 들어갈 수 있어요.

조건 표현하기 (Si...)
6

S'il fait beau, on va à la plage.

날씨가 좋으면 바다에 가자.

조건 표현하기 (Si...)
7

Je fais bouillir l'eau pour le café.

커피 마시려고 물을 끓이고 있어요.

하게 만들기 & 내버려 두기 (Faire & Laisser)
8

Elle laisse sortir le chat chaque matin.

그녀는 매일 아침 고양이를 밖으로 내보내 줘요.

하게 만들기 & 내버려 두기 (Faire & Laisser)

팁과 요령 (4)

⚠️

미래 시제의 함정

si 바로 뒤에는 절대 미래 시제를 쓰지 마세요! 한국어로는 '~하면'이라 미래 같지만, 프랑스어에선 현재형을 써야 해요.
Si tu as faim, mange !
처럼요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 조건문: 계획 세우기 (Si + 현재형)
🎯

'Si' 반사 신경 키우기

누가 내 말을 의심하거나 부정적으로 물을 때 바로 Si!라고 대답해 보세요. 자신감 있어 보여요! "Si, c'est vrai !"
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 'Si': '만약' (If)과 '아니오 (긍정의 Si)' 사용하기
⚠️

미래형은 잠시 안녕!

프랑스어에서는 'si' 바로 뒤에 미래형을 쓰지 않아요. 미래의 일이라도 현재형을 써주세요:
Si tu es là.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 조건 표현하기 (Si...)
💡

동사 원형의 법칙

두 번째 동사는 절대 변신시키지 마세요. 항상 원래 모양 그대로 써야 세트 메뉴처럼 자연스러워요:
Je fais travailler mon ami.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 하게 만들기 & 내버려 두기 (Faire & Laisser)

핵심 어휘 (5)

Si If / Yes (emphatic) Faire To do / To make Laisser To let / To leave Temps Time / Weather Maison House

Real-World Preview

calendar

Planning an Outing

Review Summary

  • Si + présent, présent
  • Faire/Laisser + infinitif

자주 하는 실수

In French, we do not use the future tense after 'Si' when expressing a condition; we use the present.

Wrong: Si j'aurai le temps, je partirai.
정답: Si j'ai le temps, je pars.

When responding to a negative question like 'Aren't you hungry?', use 'Si' to disagree.

Wrong: Oui, je suis faim.
정답: Si, je suis affamé.

When using 'faire' for causative, use 'par' to indicate the person performing the action.

Wrong: Je fais couper mes cheveux à mon frère.
정답: Je fais couper mes cheveux par mon frère.

Next Steps

You have completed a challenging chapter! Take a moment to celebrate your progress before moving to the future.

Write 5 sentences using 'Si' about your plans for the weekend.

빠른 연습 (9)

이 문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아보세요.

Si il pleut, je reste à la maison.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: S'il pleut...
프랑스어에서 'si'와 'il'은 항상 축약되어 's'il'이 됩니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 'Si': '만약' (If)과 '아니오 (긍정의 Si)' 사용하기

단어를 순서대로 배열하여 조건문을 만드세요.

다음 단어들을 나열하세요:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Si tu étudies tu réussis
Si + 주어 + 동사 순서로 조건을 먼저 말하고 결과를 뒤에 붙입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 'Si': '만약' (If)과 '아니오 (긍정의 Si)' 사용하기

빈칸에 알맞은 단어를 고르세요 (Si, S'il, 또는 Oui).

— Tu ne parles pas français ? — ___, un peu !

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Si
질문이 부정형('안 하니?')이므로, 반대로 '아니, 해!'라고 할 때는 'si'를 써야 해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 'Si': '만약' (If)과 '아니오 (긍정의 Si)' 사용하기

다음 문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Il fait pleure le bébé.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il fait pleurer le bébé.
사역 구조에서 두 번째 동사는 반드시 원형('pleurer')이어야 하며, 주어 'Il'에 맞는 'fait'를 써야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 하게 만들기 & 내버려 두기 (Faire & Laisser)

올바른 문장을 고르세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Si j'aurai le temps, je téléphonerai.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Si j'ai le temps, je téléphone.
si 바로 뒤에는 미래형(aurai)을 쓸 수 없으므로 현재형(ai)을 써야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 조건문: 계획 세우기 (Si + 현재형)

틀린 부분을 찾아서 고쳐보세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Si tu as faim, mangez quelque chose.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Si tu as faim, mange something.
앞에서 'tu'를 썼으니 명령문도 'tu' 형태인 'mange'를 써야 해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 조건 표현하기 (Si...)

빈칸에 알맞은 동사 형태를 넣으세요.

Si tu ___ (avoir) soif, bois de l'eau !

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: as
si 뒤에는 현재형을 써야 해요. tu에 맞는 avoir 동사의 현재형은 as입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 조건문: 계획 세우기 (Si + 현재형)

빈칸에 알맞은 'si'의 형태를 적어보세요.

___ il fait froid, je porte un manteau.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: S'
'il' 앞에서는 'si'가 's''로 줄어들어요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 조건 표현하기 (Si...)

'faire'의 알맞은 형태를 빈칸에 채우세요.

Je ___ bouillir l'eau.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: fais
주어가 'Je'일 때 'faire'의 올바른 변화형은 'fais'입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 하게 만들기 & 내버려 두기 (Faire & Laisser)

Score: /9

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

이해는 하겠지만 문법적으로 틀려요. 자연스럽게 들리려면 반드시 "S'il"로 줄여 써야 합니다.
A1 단계에서는 결과 부분에도 현재형을 쓰면 충분해요. 예:
Si tu viens, je suis content.
아니요. 긍정 질문(예: '물 마실래?')에는 평범하게 Oui라고 대답해야 해요. Si를 쓰면 어색해요.
언어에는 가끔 논리보다 습관이 중요할 때가 있어요! "S'il«은 굳어진 표현이지만 »Si on"은 그대로 쓴답니다.
네! "Je ne sais pas s'il vient" (그가 오는지 모르겠어)처럼 쓸 수 있어요.
기초 단계에서는 확실한 결과나 사실을 말할 때 양쪽 다 현재형을 쓰는 게 가장 자연스러워요.