B1 Verb Forms 1 min read 쉬움

Causative Verbs with Nouns

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use the particle 'စေ' (say) after a verb to indicate that you are causing someone else to perform that action.

  • Add 'စေ' to the base verb: 'စား' (eat) -> 'စားစေ' (make eat).
  • The person being caused to act takes the object marker 'ကို'.
  • The causative verb often ends with 'သည်' or 'တယ်' for completion.
Person + ကို + Verb + စေ + တယ်

Causative Formation

Verb Root Causative Particle Object Marker Final Marker
စား
စေ
ကို
တယ်
သွား
စေ
ကို
တယ်
အိပ်
စေ
ကို
တယ်
လုပ်
စေ
ကို
တယ်
ဖတ်
စေ
ကို
တယ်
လာ
စေ
ကို
တယ်

Meanings

The causative construction indicates that the subject is forcing, allowing, or causing another person to perform an action.

1

Direct Causation

Forcing or ordering someone to do something.

“သူက ကျွန်တော့်ကို သွားစေတယ်။”

“အမေက သားကို အိပ်စေတယ်။”

Reference Table

Reference table for Causative Verbs with Nouns
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Subj + Obj + ကို + V + စေ + တယ်
သူ့ကို သွားစေတယ်
Negative
Subj + Obj + ကို + မ + V + စေ + နဲ့
သူ့ကို မသွားစေနဲ့
Question
Subj + Obj + ကို + V + စေ + လား
သူ့ကို သွားစေလား?
Past
Subj + Obj + ကို + V + စေ + ခဲ့ + တယ်
သူ့ကို သွားစေခဲ့တယ်
Future
Subj + Obj + ကို + V + စေ + မယ်
သူ့ကို သွားစေမယ်
Permission
Subj + Obj + ကို + V + စေ + လိုက် + ပါ
သူ့ကို သွားစေလိုက်ပါ

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
သူ့ကို စားစေပါ။

သူ့ကို စားစေပါ။ (Giving orders)

중립
သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်။

သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်။ (Giving orders)

비격식체
သူ့ကို စားစေလိုက်။

သူ့ကို စားစေလိုက်။ (Giving orders)

속어
သူ့ကို စားခိုင်းလိုက်။

သူ့ကို စားခိုင်းလိုက်။ (Giving orders)

Causative Logic

စေ (Causative)

Action

  • စား eat

Target

  • သူ him

수준별 예문

1

သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်။

I make him eat.

1

သူ့ကို သွားစေမလား။

Will you make him go?

1

ဆရာက ကျောင်းသားကို စာဖတ်စေတယ်။

The teacher makes the student read.

1

သူက ကျွန်တော့်ကို အလုပ်လုပ်စေတယ်။

He makes me work.

1

အမေက သားကို အိပ်စေချင်တယ်။

Mother wants to make her son sleep.

1

သူ့ကို အမှန်တရားကို ပြောစေခဲ့တယ်။

I made him tell the truth.

혼동하기 쉬운

Causative Verbs with Nouns 대 ခိုင်း (Khine)

Both mean to make someone do something.

자주 하는 실수

✗

သူ စားစေတယ်

✓

သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်

Missing the object marker 'ကို'.
✗

သူ့ကို စားခဲ့စေတယ်

✓

သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်

Conjugating the base verb.
✗

သူ့ကို စားစေလိုက်တယ်

✓

သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်

Adding unnecessary particles.
✗

သူ့ကို စားခိုင်းစေတယ်

✓

သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်

Redundant causative markers.

문장 패턴

___ ကို ___ စေတယ်

Real World Usage

Workplace very common

သူဌေးက အလုပ်လုပ်စေတယ်။

Home common

အမေက အိပ်စေတယ်။

School common

ဆရာက စာဖတ်စေတယ်။

Social Media occasional

သူ့ကို လာစေလိုက်မယ်။

Travel occasional

လမ်းပြက စောင့်စေတယ်။

Food Delivery rare

သူ့ကို ပို့စေတယ်။

💡

Keep it simple

Don't overcomplicate the sentence with too many particles.
⚠️

Don't conjugate

The base verb must stay in its root form.
🎯

Use 'ကို'

Always mark the person you are causing to act.
💬

Politeness

Use 'စေပါ' for a more polite request.

Smart Tips

Use the causative with a firm tone.

သူ သွားပါ → သူ့ကို သွားစေ!

Use 'စေ' to ensure clarity.

စာဖတ် → စာဖတ်စေ

Use it to show you are in charge.

သူ အလုပ်လုပ်တယ် → သူ့ကို အလုပ်လုပ်စေတယ်

Use it to guide students.

စာရေး → စာရေးစေ

발음

/se/

စေ

Pronounced like 'say' in English.

Command

သူ့ကို သွားစေ! ↓

Firm order.

암기하기

기억법

Say 'Say' to make them do it.

시각적 연상

Imagine a puppet master pulling strings attached to a person, and every time the string moves, the person acts.

Rhyme

To make them act, add 'Say' to the fact.

Story

I wanted my dog to sit. I said 'Sit!'. But he didn't. So I used the causative: 'ငါ ခွေးကို ထိုင်စေတယ်' (I made the dog sit). Now he sits every time.

Word Web

စေခိုင်းစေခိုင်းစေတယ်စေနဲ့စေချင်

챌린지

Write 5 sentences today using the causative with people you know.

문화 노트

Using the causative is common in hierarchical relationships like teacher-student.

Derived from the verb 'to send'.

대화 시작하기

“

သူ့ကို ဘာလုပ်စေမလဲ?

일기 주제

Describe a time you made someone do something.

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

သူ့ကို ___ စေတယ်။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သွား
Use the base form.
Choose the correct sentence. 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို သွားစေတယ်
Needs object marker and causative.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

သူ့ကို စားခဲ့စေတယ်။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်
Base form required.
Transform to causative. Sentence Transformation

သူ စားတယ်။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်
Add object and particle.
True or False? True False Rule

Can you conjugate the verb before 'စေ'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Base form only.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: သူ လာမလား? B: ငါ သူ့ကို ___။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: လာစေတယ်
Causative needed.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

သူ့ကို / စားစေတယ် / (Order: 1, 2)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်
Correct word order.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I make him go
Causative meaning.

Score: /8

연습 문제

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

သူ့ကို ___ စေတယ်။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သွား
Use the base form.
Choose the correct sentence. 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို သွားစေတယ်
Needs object marker and causative.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

သူ့ကို စားခဲ့စေတယ်။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်
Base form required.
Transform to causative. Sentence Transformation

သူ စားတယ်။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်
Add object and particle.
True or False? True False Rule

Can you conjugate the verb before 'စေ'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Base form only.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: သူ လာမလား? B: ငါ သူ့ကို ___။

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: လာစေတယ်
Causative needed.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

သူ့ကို / စားစေတယ် / (Order: 1, 2)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: သူ့ကို စားစေတယ်
Correct word order.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match: 'သူ့ကို သွားစေတယ်'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I make him go
Causative meaning.

Score: /8

자주 묻는 질문 (8)

Yes, it is highly productive.

It is neutral and used in most contexts.

The sentence will be grammatically incorrect.

No, it is for others.

Khine is more direct.

Yes, very common.

Yes, add 'ခဲ့'.

Yes, daily.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Hacer + infinitive

Burmese is suffixal, Spanish is periphrastic.

French moderate

Faire + infinitive

Burmese uses particles.

German moderate

Lassen

Burmese is strictly causative.

Japanese high

Saseru

Japanese conjugates the suffix.

Arabic low

Ja'ala

Burmese uses a particle.

Chinese moderate

Rang

Burmese places it after.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
The Particle (အောင်) in Causative Constructions

Related Grammar Rules

C2

Understanding Archaic Verb Forms and Endings
B1

Causative Verb Form (Verb + စေသည်)
B1

Making Someone Do Something (လုပ်ခိုင်းသည်)
B1

Causative with (ပေးသည်) for 'Let/Allow'
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