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episodisch

C1 adjective 12분 분량

episodisch

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설명 episodisch in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'episodisch' is very difficult and you don't need to use it. However, you can understand the basic idea. Think of a TV show. A TV show has different parts called 'episodes'. 'Episodisch' means something happens like a TV show—in parts. For example, if you study Dutch on Monday, then stop, then study again on Friday, you are studying in 'episodes'. At this level, it is better to use simple words like 'soms' (sometimes) or 'niet altijd' (not always). You might see the word in a simple story about a book that has many short chapters. Just remember: 'episodisch' = 'in parts'. You don't need to worry about the grammar yet. Just know it describes how often something happens. It is a long word, but the beginning 'episode' is the same as in English, which helps you remember it. If you hear someone say it, they are usually talking about a story or a medical problem that comes and goes. Don't try to use it in your own sentences yet; focus on 'af en toe' (now and then) instead. This will help you build a strong foundation before moving to harder words.

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At the A2 level, you might start to see 'episodisch' in short news articles or health brochures. It is still a high-level word, but you can understand it as a more formal way to say 'occasionally' or 'in stages'. For example, 'De regen is episodisch' means the rain comes in short bursts, then stops, then starts again. It is not continuous rain (het regent de hele dag). In Dutch, we use the suffix '-isch' for many adjectives. You already know words like 'fantastisch' or 'logisch'. 'Episodisch' follows the same pattern. If you want to use it, remember that it often describes things that happen over time. You might hear a doctor say it if you have a headache that only happens once a week. At this level, you should focus on recognizing the word when you read it. It is very common in the context of 'episodisch geheugen' (episodic memory), which is a term used in schools and science. If you can recognize that this word means 'happening in separate events', you are doing great. Try to notice if the word ends in '-isch' or '-ische'. This depends on the noun that follows it. But for now, just knowing the meaning is enough to help you understand more complex Dutch texts.

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At the B1 level, you are moving toward more professional and academic Dutch. 'Episodisch' is a word that helps you sound more precise. Instead of saying 'Het gebeurt af en toe' (It happens now and then), you can say 'Het is een episodisch verschijnsel' (It is an episodic phenomenon). This shows you have a larger vocabulary. You will encounter this word in books, newspapers like 'Metro', and in work meetings. It is especially useful when you want to describe a process that is not a steady flow. For example, if your company only does big projects twice a year, you could say the work is 'episodisch van aard'. You should also start to notice how it is used as an adjective. If you use it before a 'de-word', like 'de pijn', it becomes 'de episodische pijn'. If you use it before a 'het-word' with 'een', like 'een verschijnsel', it stays 'episodisch'. This is a key grammar rule at the B1 level. You might also hear it in discussions about television or films. A show like 'Black Mirror', where every episode is a different story, is 'episodisch'. Using this word correctly will make your Dutch sound more mature and structured. It's a great 'bridge' word to help you reach the higher levels of Dutch proficiency.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'episodisch' in appropriate contexts, such as formal writing or debates. You should understand the nuance between 'episodisch' and its synonyms like 'periodiek' or 'incidenteel'. While 'periodiek' implies a fixed schedule, 'episodisch' implies a pattern of occurrences that are distinct but not necessarily scheduled. For instance, in a business report, you might write about 'episodische schommelingen in de markt' (episodic fluctuations in the market). This suggests the fluctuations happen in identifiable waves. You should also be comfortable using it in the context of psychology and medicine, as these are common topics in B2 level reading exams (Staatsexamen II). For example, being able to explain the difference between 'episodisch geheugen' and other types of memory is a typical task. Your pronunciation should also be clear: 'ee-pie-zo-dies'. Make sure not to confuse it with 'episch' (epic). If you describe a long, boring meeting as 'episodisch', you are saying it happened in parts. If you call it 'episch', you are saying it was grand or heroic, which might be sarcastic! At this level, using 'episodisch' correctly demonstrates that you can handle abstract concepts and technical descriptions in Dutch with confidence.

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At the C1 level, 'episodisch' should be a natural part of your academic and professional vocabulary. You use it to provide precise descriptions of complex systems, narrative structures, or medical conditions. You understand that 'episodisch' conveys a specific rhythm of time—one that is fragmented and non-linear. In literary analysis, you might discuss the 'episodische opbouw' of a postmodern novel, analyzing how the lack of a continuous narrative affects the reader's perception. In a medical or psychological context, you can discuss the implications of 'episodische stoornissen' (episodic disorders) versus chronic ones. You are also aware of the word's etymological roots and how it functions as both an adjective and an adverb. For example, you can use it adverbially: 'De symptomen treden episodisch op.' (The symptoms occur episodically). Your mastery of adjective inflection is perfect: 'de episodische aard' vs. 'een episodisch karakter'. You can also use it to contrast with other sophisticated terms like 'continu', 'structureel', or 'intermitterend'. At this level, you aren't just using the word; you are using it to create subtle distinctions in meaning that allow for high-level communication. You might even use it in a metaphorical sense to describe a relationship or a career path that has had many distinct, disconnected phases. This level of nuance is what defines a C1 speaker.

At the C2 level, your command of 'episodisch' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You use the word with absolute precision in the most formal and specialized contexts. Whether you are writing a legal brief, a scientific paper, or a philosophical treatise, you use 'episodisch' to describe temporal patterns with complete accuracy. You are sensitive to the stylistic weight of the word; you know exactly when to use it for maximum impact and when a simpler word might be more appropriate to avoid sounding overly clinical. You can engage in deep discussions about 'episodisch geheugen' and its role in the construction of the self, or critique the 'episodische narratologie' of contemporary digital media. You understand the historical development of the word from its Greek origins to its modern Dutch usage. Furthermore, you can identify and correct subtle misuses of the word by others, recognizing when someone has confused it with 'sporadisch' or 'periodiek'. Your use of the word is not just about meaning, but about tone, register, and rhythm within your discourse. You might use it to describe the 'episodische geschiedschrijving' (episodic historiography) of a particular era, showing how history is often taught as a series of disconnected events rather than a continuous flow. At C2, 'episodisch' is a precision tool in your linguistic toolkit, used to carve out exact meanings in the most complex of Dutch sentences.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

episodisch 30초 만에

Episodisch describes things that happen in separate, distinct intervals or 'episodes' rather than continuously.
It is commonly used in medical contexts for symptoms that come and go, and in psychology for 'episodic memory'.
In literature and film, it refers to a structure made of separate, loosely connected scenes or stories.
It is a formal C1 level word that provides precision when describing irregular patterns in time or structure.

The Dutch adjective episodisch is a sophisticated term primarily used to describe events, patterns, or conditions that do not occur continuously but rather manifest in distinct, separate intervals or 'episodes'. In a general sense, it corresponds to the English 'episodic'. When you encounter this word in a Dutch context, it often carries a weight of clinical, academic, or literary precision. It is not a word you would typically use while buying bread at the bakery, but rather one you would find in a medical report, a psychological evaluation, or a sophisticated critique of a television series. The core essence of the word lies in its root, 'episode', which implies a self-contained unit of action or time that is part of a larger whole but separated by gaps.

Medical Context: In Dutch medicine, doctors use 'episodisch' to describe symptoms like cluster headaches or certain types of vertigo that come and go. It is the opposite of 'chronisch' (chronic), which implies a permanent or constant state. If a patient has 'episodische migraine', it means they have clear periods of health between the attacks.

De patiënt klaagt over episodisch geheugenverlies na het ongeluk.

In the realm of psychology, the term is famously linked to 'episodisch geheugen' (episodic memory). This refers to our ability to recall specific events, such as what you ate for breakfast or your first day of school, as opposed to 'semantisch geheugen' (semantic memory), which deals with general facts. Understanding this distinction is crucial for C1 level Dutch speakers who engage in scientific or academic discourse. Furthermore, in literature and media studies, a 'episodische structuur' refers to a narrative that is told through a series of loosely connected scenes rather than a tight, linear plot. This usage highlights the fragmented but related nature of the occurrences.

Societal Usage: In social commentary, one might speak of 'episodisch geweld' (episodic violence), suggesting that the violence is not a constant state of war but occurs in flare-ups. This nuance is vital for precision in reporting and analysis.

De geschiedenis van deze regio kenmerkt zich door episodisch conflict.

Artistic Context: Critics often describe modern streaming series as having an 'episodisch karakter', meaning each episode can stand on its own while contributing to the seasonal arc.

De roman heeft een episodisch verloop, wat de lezer dwingt zelf de verbanden te leggen.

Wetenschappers bestuderen de episodisch optredende natuurverschijnselen in dit gebied.

Zijn betrokkenheid bij het project was slechts episodisch en niet consistent.

To summarize, use 'episodisch' when you want to emphasize that something happens in spurts, fits, or distinct segments rather than as a steady stream. It conveys a sense of irregularity and fragmentation that words like 'periodiek' (which implies a regular schedule) do not quite capture. It is a tool for high-level description, allowing for a more nuanced categorization of time and frequency in various professional and creative fields.

Using episodisch correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as an adjective and occasionally as an adverb. Because it is a relatively formal word, it often appears in written Dutch or in prepared speeches. It follows the standard rules for Dutch adjective inflection: when it precedes a neuter noun (het-word) without a definite article, it remains 'episodisch'; in most other cases, it becomes 'episodische'. For example, 'een episodisch verschijnsel' (an episodic phenomenon) versus 'de episodische aard' (the episodic nature).

Scientific Precision: When writing a thesis or a technical report, 'episodisch' is the preferred term to describe non-linear data points. It signals to the reader that the occurrences are not random (willekeurig) but are grouped into identifiable events.

De episodische aard van de ziekte maakt diagnose lastig.

In complex sentences, 'episodisch' can be used to contrast with 'continu' or 'structureel'. For instance, 'Het probleem is niet structureel, maar episodisch.' (The problem is not structural, but episodic). This helps in isolating issues that are temporary or recurring rather than inherent to a system.

Narrative and Literature: In literary analysis, you might say: 'De auteur kiest voor een episodische vertelstijl om de fragmentatie van het moderne leven weer te geven.' (The author chooses an episodic narrative style to reflect the fragmentation of modern life).

Hoewel de aanvallen episodisch zijn, hebben ze een grote impact op zijn dagelijks leven.

Business and Management: In a business context, you might discuss 'episodische financiering' (episodic funding) which occurs at specific stages of a startup's growth rather than as a steady monthly budget.

We zien een episodische toename in de vraag naar onze diensten tijdens de vakantieperiodes.

De film bestaat uit episodische scènes die pas aan het eind samenkomen.

Haar interesse in astronomie was slechts episodisch; ze hield het nooit lang vol.

When describing memory, always use it as an adjective: 'Het episodisch geheugen is essentieel voor onze identiteit.' This specific phrase is a collocation that you should memorize as a single unit. In summary, 'episodisch' is a versatile adjective that adds a layer of formal precision to your descriptions of time, frequency, and structure. It allows you to move beyond simple words like 'soms' (sometimes) or 'af en toe' (now and then) to describe complex patterns in science, art, and life.

In the daily life of a Dutch speaker, the word episodisch isn't something you'll hear in a casual conversation at a bar or while playing football. However, if you inhabit academic, medical, or professional circles, it becomes quite common. One of the most frequent places you'll encounter it is in a doctor's office or a hospital. Dutch healthcare professionals use it to categorize symptoms. If you describe a pain that comes and goes, the doctor might write 'episodische pijn' in your file. This is a crucial distinction for them because it helps rule out chronic conditions that require different treatment protocols.

In the Media: Listen to quality Dutch news programs like 'Nieuwsuur' or read newspapers like 'NRC Handelsblad'. Journalists use 'episodisch' when analyzing geopolitical conflicts or economic cycles. They might talk about 'episodische spanningen' (episodic tensions) between countries, indicating that the conflict isn't always active but flares up during certain events.

De journalist beschreef de rellen als een episodisch fenomeen in de buitenwijken.

Another major 'habitat' for this word is the university. In psychology lectures at the Universiteit van Amsterdam or Leiden, 'episodisch geheugen' is a fundamental concept. Students learn how we store 'episodic' experiences. If you are studying in the Netherlands, you will hear professors use this word to distinguish between types of cognitive functions. In literary circles, such as at a book presentation in 'De Balie' in Amsterdam, critics might describe a new novel as 'episodisch opgebouwd' (episodically constructed). This implies the book is a collection of moments rather than a traditional narrative arc.

Professional Settings: In project management, you might hear about 'episodische inzet van personeel'. This means hiring experts for specific 'episodes' or phases of a project rather than having them on the permanent payroll.

Tijdens de vergadering werd de episodische aard van de marktfluctuaties besproken.

De documentaire geeft een episodisch overzicht van de twintigste eeuw.

Het weer in Nederland is vaak episodisch onvoorspelbaar; zon en regen wisselen elkaar snel af.

Environmental Science: Ecologists use the term to describe 'episodische overstromingen' (episodic floods)—floods that don't happen every year but occur in unpredictable bursts due to climate patterns.

De watertoevoer in deze droge rivierbedding is puur episodisch.

In conclusion, while 'episodisch' is a high-register word, it is indispensable in Dutch intellectual and professional life. It provides a precise way to describe the rhythm of the world, whether that's the rhythm of a disease, a story, or a natural disaster. If you want to sound like a native speaker at the C1 level, mastering the context of this word is essential.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using episodisch in Dutch is confusing it with 'periodiek'. While both words deal with events over time, they are not interchangeable. 'Periodiek' implies a regular, predictable interval (like a monthly magazine or a yearly check-up). 'Episodisch', on the other hand, implies that while things happen in distinct episodes, they don't necessarily follow a fixed schedule. If you say a meeting is 'episodisch' when it actually happens every Monday, a Dutch person will be confused.

Mistake: Overusing it for 'Sometimes': Many learners try to use 'episodisch' as a direct synonym for 'soms' (sometimes) or 'af en toe'. This sounds very strange. You wouldn't say, 'Ik drink episodisch koffie.' Instead, use it for things that have a structured but irregular nature.

Fout: Ik ga episodisch naar de sportschool. (Correct: Ik ga af en toe naar de sportschool.)

Another common error is related to the pronunciation and spelling of the suffix '-isch'. In English, we say 'episodic' (ends in 'ic'). In Dutch, it is 'episodisch' (ends in 'isch'). Some learners forget the 'h' or try to pronounce the 'sch' as a hard 'sk' sound. In Dutch, '-isch' is always pronounced as 'ies'. So 'episodisch' sounds like 'ee-pie-zo-dies'.

Mistake: Confusing with 'Incidenteel': 'Incidenteel' means something happens by chance or once in a while. 'Episodisch' implies a recurring pattern of episodes. If a pipe leaks once, it's an 'incident'. If it leaks every few months for a week at a time, it's 'episodisch'.

De lekkage is episodisch, niet incidenteel; het komt steeds terug.

Mistake: Incorrect Adjective Inflection: Learners often forget to add the '-e' when the adjective precedes a 'de-word'. 'De episodisch pijn' is incorrect; it must be 'De episodische pijn'.

Zijn episodische aanvallen van woede zijn zorgwekkend.

Het is een episodisch fenomeen (Correct, because 'fenomeen' is a 'het-word' and there is 'een').

De episodische structuur van het boek is uniek.

Lastly, avoid using it to mean 'epic' (groots/heroïsch). Although they share a distant root, 'episodisch' never means 'heroic' or 'grand'. If you want to say a movie was 'epic', use 'episch' or 'groots'. Using 'episodisch' would just mean the movie was told in segments, which might be a compliment or a critique, but it's not the same as saying it was 'epic'. By keeping these distinctions in mind, you will avoid the most common pitfalls and use 'episodisch' with the precision of a native C1 speaker.

To truly master episodisch, you must understand where it sits in the constellation of Dutch words related to frequency and time. It is part of a family of terms that describe how things happen, but each has a specific 'flavor'. Comparing them will help you choose the right word for the right situation.

Episodisch vs. Periodiek: 'Periodiek' means something happens at regular intervals (like a heartbeat or a salary payment). 'Episodisch' means it happens in bursts, but the timing between those bursts might vary. If a volcano erupts every 100 years exactly, it's 'periodiek'. If it erupts whenever pressure builds up, it's 'episodisch'.

De inspectie vindt periodiek plaats, elke eerste maandag van de maand.

Episodisch vs. Sporadisch: 'Sporadisch' means 'occasionally' or 'rarely' and often implies a lack of pattern. 'Episodisch' is more structured; it implies that when the thing happens, it happens as a full 'episode' or a distinct phase. 'Sporadisch' is more about the 'fewness' of the events, while 'episodisch' is about the 'nature' of the events.

Er is sporadisch contact tussen de twee broers.

Episodisch vs. Incidenteel: 'Incidenteel' is often used for things that happen by chance or as a one-off. 'Episodisch' suggests that the 'episodes' are part of a larger ongoing condition or story. If you have a one-time headache, it's 'incidenteel'. If you have a condition that causes clusters of headaches, it's 'episodisch'.

Het was een incidenteel succes dat niet herhaald werd.

Episodisch vs. Fragmentarisch: 'Fragmentarisch' means 'fragmented' or 'incomplete'. While an 'episodische' story is fragmented, 'fragmentarisch' emphasizes that pieces are missing. 'Episodisch' emphasizes that the pieces are self-contained units.

Zijn herinneringen aan de oorlog zijn fragmentarisch.

De samenwerking verliep episodisch en zonder duidelijke lijn.

In plaats van een continu proces, kozen ze voor een episodische aanpak.

De episodische aard van de neerslag zorgde voor wateroverlast.

Understanding these nuances allows you to be more precise in your Dutch communication. 'Episodisch' is the 'Goldilocks' word for things that are more than just accidents but less than constant states. It describes the rhythm of life's complexities with a level of sophistication that marks you as an advanced learner.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word originally had nothing to do with memory or medicine; it was strictly a technical term for theater actors to know when to enter the stage!

발음 가이드

UK /ˌɛpɪˈsɒdɪs/

US /ˌɛpɪˈsɑːdɪs/

The primary stress is on the third syllable: e-pi-ZO-disch.

라임이 맞는 단어

logisch magisch tragisch komisch typisch kritisch chemisch medisch

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'sch' as 'sk'. In Dutch, '-isch' is always 'ees'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Forgetting the 'i' sound in the second syllable.
Making the 'o' too short; it should be a clear 'o' sound.
Adding a 't' sound (episoditisch).

난이도

독해 4/5

Easy to recognize if you know English 'episodic', but requires context to understand the nuance.

쓰기 8/5

Requires knowledge of adjective inflection and formal register.

말하기 7/5

The '-isch' pronunciation can be tricky for beginners.

듣기 5/5

Common in news and documentaries, easy to spot due to its length.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

episode geheugen pijn verhaal soms

다음에 배울 것

periodiek incidenteel structureel continu gefragmenteerd

고급

intermitterend discontinuïteit paroxysmaal fenomenologie narratologie

알아야 할 문법

Adjective Inflection (-e suffix)

De episodische (adj + e) pijn (de-word).

Adjectives ending in -isch

Always pronounced as 'ees', never 'ish' or 'isk'.

Adverbial usage of adjectives

De vulkaan barst episodisch (adverb) uit.

Contrast with 'het' words

Een episodisch (no -e) fenomeen (het-word).

Comparative and Superlative

Meer episodisch, meest episodisch (though rare).

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수준별 예문

Dit boek is episodisch.

This book is episodic (in parts).

Simple subject + verb + adjective.

De film heeft een episodische vorm.

The movie has an episodic form.

Adjective +e because 'vorm' is a de-word.

Ik heb episodisch werk.

I have episodic (part-time/occasional) work.

Adjective before a het-word (werk) with 'een' (implied) stays 'episodisch'.

Het regent episodisch vandaag.

It is raining episodically today.

Used as an adverb describing the verb 'regent'.

Zijn pijn is episodisch.

His pain is episodic.

Predicative use of the adjective.

De serie is episodisch van aard.

The series is episodic in nature.

Common phrase 'van aard' (in nature).

Wij zien episodische fouten.

We see episodic errors.

Plural noun 'fouten' requires the -e suffix.

Het is een episodisch verhaal.

It is an episodic story.

Adjective before a het-word (verhaal) with 'een' stays 'episodisch'.

De dokter zegt dat de koorts episodisch is.

The doctor says the fever is episodic.

Formal adjective used in a medical context.

Sommige ziektes zijn episodisch.

Some illnesses are episodic.

Plural subject with 'zijn'.

De episodische structuur helpt de lezer.

The episodic structure helps the reader.

Definite article 'de' + adjective +e.

Er zijn episodische problemen met de wifi.

There are episodic problems with the wifi.

Plural noun 'problemen'.

Zijn geheugenverlies is slechts episodisch.

His memory loss is only episodic.

Use of 'slechts' (only/merely) to limit the adjective.

De vulkaan heeft episodische uitbarstingen.

The volcano has episodic eruptions.

Adjective describing plural 'uitbarstingen'.

Het is geen continu maar een episodisch proces.

It is not a continuous but an episodic process.

Contrast between two adjectives.

Zij werkt op een episodische manier.

She works in an episodic way.

Prepositional phrase 'op een ... manier'.

Het episodisch geheugen slaat persoonlijke ervaringen op.

Episodic memory stores personal experiences.

Specific scientific term: 'episodisch geheugen'.

De episodische aard van het conflict is zorgwekkend.

The episodic nature of the conflict is worrying.

Abstract noun 'aard' (nature/character).

We moeten de episodische kosten in kaart brengen.

We need to map the episodic costs.

Financial context.

De patiënt vertoont episodische symptomen.

The patient shows episodic symptoms.

Verb 'vertonen' (to show/exhibit).

In deze roman is de vertelling puur episodisch.

In this novel, the narration is purely episodic.

Adverb 'puur' modifying the adjective.

De markt reageert episodisch op politiek nieuws.

The market reacts episodically to political news.

Adverbial use describing the verb 'reageert'.

Er is sprake van een episodische toename in geweld.

There is an episodic increase in violence.

Phrase 'sprake zijn van' (to be a matter of).

Zijn bezoeken aan de stad waren episodisch.

His visits to the city were episodic.

Plural subject 'bezoeken'.

De episodische structuur van de serie maakt binge-watching lastig.

The episodic structure of the series makes binge-watching difficult.

Gerund 'binge-watching' as a direct object.

Wetenschappers onderzoeken de episodische variabiliteit van het klimaat.

Scientists are investigating the episodic variability of the climate.

Technical term 'variabiliteit'.

Episodische migraine kan leiden tot tijdelijke arbeidsongeschiktheid.

Episodic migraine can lead to temporary inability to work.

Medical/Professional compound 'arbeidsongeschiktheid'.

De auteur hanteert een episodische vertelstijl in zijn laatste werk.

The author uses an episodic narrative style in his latest work.

Verb 'hanteren' (to use/employ).

De financiering van het project verloopt episodisch.

The funding of the project proceeds episodically.

Adverbial use describing 'verloopt'.

Er zijn duidelijke aanwijzingen voor episodisch gedrag bij deze diersoort.

There are clear indications of episodic behavior in this species.

Phrase 'aanwijzingen voor' (indications of).

De episodische aard van de storing bemoeilijkt de reparatie.

The episodic nature of the malfunction complicates the repair.

Verb 'bemoeilijken' (to complicate).

Zijn artistieke productie was episodisch en afhankelijk van zijn stemming.

His artistic production was episodic and dependent on his mood.

Adjective phrase 'afhankelijk van'.

De episodische discursiviteit van de tekst bemoeilijkt een coherente interpretatie.

The episodic discursivity of the text complicates a coherent interpretation.

High-level academic vocabulary.

Men spreekt van episodische ataxie wanneer de symptomen slechts tijdelijk optreden.

One speaks of episodic ataxia when the symptoms only occur temporarily.

Impersonal 'men' and technical medical term.

De episodische opbouw van de film weerspiegelt de gefragmenteerde psyche van de protagonist.

The episodic structure of the film reflects the fragmented psyche of the protagonist.

Literary analysis terminology.

Deze episodische benadering van geschiedschrijving negeert de onderliggende continuïteit.

This episodic approach to historiography ignores the underlying continuity.

Abstract academic critique.

Het beleid kenmerkt zich door episodische interventies zonder langetermijnvisie.

The policy is characterized by episodic interventions without a long-term vision.

Reflexive verb 'zich kenmerken door'.

Episodische herinneringen zijn vaak gekleurd door de huidige emotionele staat.

Episodic memories are often colored by the current emotional state.

Passive voice 'zijn gekleurd'.

De episodische aard van de neerslagpatronen duidt op een veranderend klimaat.

The episodic nature of the precipitation patterns indicates a changing climate.

Verb 'duiden op' (to indicate/point to).

Zijn bijdrage aan het debat was louter episodisch en miste diepgang.

His contribution to the debate was merely episodic and lacked depth.

Adverb 'louter' (merely/purely).

In de fenomenologie wordt de episodische aard van de tijdsbeleving uitvoerig geproblematiseerd.

In phenomenology, the episodic nature of the experience of time is extensively problematized.

Passive voice and academic jargon.

De episodische structuur van de picareske roman dient als vehikel voor sociale kritiek.

The episodic structure of the picaresque novel serves as a vehicle for social criticism.

Metaphorical use of 'vehikel'.

Men dient onderscheid te maken tussen episodische fluctuaties en structurele trends.

One must distinguish between episodic fluctuations and structural trends.

Formal 'men dient' construction.

De episodische manifestatie van het fenomeen suggereert een onderliggende periodiciteit die nog niet is ontdekt.

The episodic manifestation of the phenomenon suggests an underlying periodicity that has not yet been discovered.

Relative clause with 'die'.

Haar oeuvre wordt gekenmerkt door een episodische discontinuïteit die de critici verdeelt.

Her oeuvre is characterized by an episodic discontinuity that divides the critics.

Complex noun phrase 'episodische discontinuïteit'.

De episodische herinnering fungeert als een anker voor de narratieve identiteit van het subject.

Episodic memory functions as an anchor for the narrative identity of the subject.

Philosophical/Psychological terminology.

Ondanks de episodische aard van de data, trachten onderzoekers een causaal verband te leggen.

Despite the episodic nature of the data, researchers attempt to establish a causal link.

Conjunction 'ondanks' (despite).

De episodische retoriek van de politicus verbloemt het gebrek aan een coherent programma.

The episodic rhetoric of the politician masks the lack of a coherent program.

Verb 'verbloemen' (to mask/hide).

자주 쓰는 조합

episodisch geheugen

episodische aard

episodische structuur

episodisch optreden

episodische migraine

episodische vertelling

episodisch karakter

episodische fluctuaties

episodische neerslag

episodisch geweld

자주 쓰는 구문

van episodische aard zijn

— To be of an episodic nature; not constant.

De problemen zijn van episodische aard.

een episodisch verloop hebben

— To have an episodic course or progression.

De ziekte heeft een episodisch verloop.

episodisch in kaart brengen

— To map something out in separate stages or episodes.

We moeten de geschiedenis episodisch in kaart brengen.

louter episodisch

— Purely episodic; having no other form.

Zijn inzet was louter episodisch.

episodisch kenmerk

— An episodic characteristic.

Dat is een episodisch kenmerk van dit fenomeen.

episodische opbouw

— Episodic construction or build-up.

De episodische opbouw van het boek is verwarrend.

episodische aanvallen

— Episodic attacks (medical or behavioral).

Hij heeft last van episodische aanvallen van angst.

episodische verschijnselen

— Episodic phenomena.

Dit zijn bekende episodische verschijnselen.

episodische variatie

— Episodic variation.

Er is veel episodische variatie in de data.

episodische elementen

— Episodic elements.

De film bevat veel episodische elementen.

자주 혼동되는 단어

episodisch vs episch

Means 'epic' or 'heroic'. Do not use 'episodisch' to mean a great movie.

episodisch vs periodiek

Means 'regular/scheduled'. 'Episodisch' is irregular.

episodisch vs sporadisch

Means 'rarely'. 'Episodisch' refers to the structure of the events, not just their rarity.

관용어 및 표현

"bij vlagen"

— In fits and starts; occasionally but intensely. This is the closest idiomatic equivalent to 'episodisch'.

Hij werkt bij vlagen heel hard.

informal

"met horten en stoten"

— With many interruptions; not smoothly. Similar to episodic but more negative.

De onderhandelingen verliepen met horten en stoten.

neutral

"nu en dan"

— Now and then. A simpler way to describe episodic frequency.

Ik zie hem nu en dan.

neutral

"met tussenpozen"

— With intervals. Very close in meaning to the literal sense of episodic.

Het licht knippert met tussenpozen.

neutral

"van tijd tot tijd"

— From time to time.

Wij gaan van tijd tot tijd naar de bioscoop.

neutral

"om de haverklap"

— Every few minutes; very frequently (but still in separate instances).

Hij belt me om de haverklap.

informal

"bij tijd en wijle"

— Occasionally; at times. Very formal and poetic.

Hij kan bij tijd en wijle erg melancholiek zijn.

formal

"met vlagen van..."

— With bursts of (an emotion or weather).

Een dag met vlagen van regen.

neutral

"stapsgewijs"

— Step by step. Similar to the 'stage-based' nature of episodic.

We voeren het plan stapsgewijs uit.

neutral

"gefragmenteerd"

— Fragmented. Describes the state of being episodic.

Zijn aandacht was gefragmenteerd.

neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

episodisch vs episch

Similar spelling and sound.

'Episch' refers to the grand scale of a story, while 'episodisch' refers to its fragmented structure.

De film was episch (grand), maar de vertelling was episodisch (fragmented).

episodisch vs incidenteel

Both imply something is not constant.

'Incidenteel' is often a one-off or by chance. 'Episodisch' implies a pattern of separate episodes.

Een incidentele fout is toeval; episodische fouten wijzen op een patroon.

episodisch vs periodiek

Both deal with time intervals.

'Periodiek' is predictable (like a clock). 'Episodisch' is irregular (like flare-ups).

De krant komt periodiek uit; vulkaanuitbarstingen zijn episodisch.

episodisch vs continu

It is the direct opposite.

'Continu' has no breaks. 'Episodisch' is defined by its breaks.

Zijn aanwezigheid was continu, niet episodisch.

episodisch vs fragmentarisch

Both imply parts of a whole.

'Fragmentarisch' implies the parts are incomplete or broken. 'Episodisch' implies the parts are self-contained.

Zijn geheugen is fragmentarisch (missing pieces), maar zijn dagboek is episodisch (separate entries).

문장 패턴

Het is een [adj] [noun].

Het is een episodisch verhaal.

De [adj+e] [noun] is [adj].

De episodische pijn is vervelend.

Vanwege de [adj+e] aard van [noun]...

Vanwege de episodische aard van de ziekte...

Het fenomeen manifesteert zich [adv].

Het fenomeen manifesteert zich episodisch.

Er is sprake van [adj] [noun].

Er is sprake van episodisch geheugenverlies.

Hoewel [adj], is het toch [adj].

Hoewel episodisch, is het toch vermoeiend.

[Noun] treedt [adv] op.

De koorts treedt episodisch op.

De [noun] wordt gekenmerkt door een [adj] [noun].

De film wordt gekenmerkt door een episodische structuur.

어휘 가족

명사

de episode (the episode)

de episodiek (the episodic nature/quality)

형용사

episodisch (episodic)

사용법

frequency

Common in specialized fields, rare in daily speech.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'episodisch' to mean 'epic'. → episch
In English, 'episodic' and 'epic' are different. In Dutch, 'episodisch' is 'episodic', and 'episch' is 'epic'. They are not interchangeable.
Pronouncing it 'episod-ish'. → episod-ees
The Dutch suffix '-isch' is always pronounced as a long 'i' (ees). There is no 'sh' sound.
De episodisch pijn. → De episodische pijn.
Adjectives ending in -isch must take an -e when preceding a de-word or a plural noun.
Using it for daily routine. → regelmatig / dagelijks
'Episodisch' implies irregularity and separate events. A daily routine is 'regelmatig'.
Confusing it with 'periodiek'. → periodiek (for regular schedules)
'Periodiek' is for things that happen on a schedule (like every month). 'Episodisch' is for things that happen in bursts but not necessarily on a schedule.

팁

Adjective Inflection

Always check the gender of the noun. 'De episodische aard' (de-word) but 'Het episodisch geheugen' (het-word). This is a classic C1 level check.

Pairing with 'Aard'

A very natural way to use this word is in the phrase 'van episodische aard zijn'. It makes you sound very professional.

The Silent SCH

Remember the '-isch' rule in Dutch. It's always 'ees'. Never pronounce the 'ch' like 'k' or 'sh' at the end of adjectives.

Medical Accuracy

If you are at a Dutch doctor, use 'episodisch' to describe symptoms that aren't there all the time. It helps them diagnose you faster.

Literary Analysis

Use this word when discussing books or films to describe a non-linear or fragmented structure. It shows deep analytical skills.

The Tulving Connection

Associate 'episodisch' with psychology. It’s one of the few places the word is used even in semi-casual educational contexts.

Episodisch vs Episch

Never use 'episodisch' to mean 'awesome' or 'grand'. That's 'episch'. This is a common false friend for English speakers.

Project Management

Describe irregular workloads as 'episodisch' in meetings to justify hiring freelancers or temporary staff.

Not Just Random

Remember that 'episodisch' implies a structured episode, whereas 'willekeurig' means totally random. Use 'episodisch' for patterns.

C1 Mastery

Mastering words like 'episodisch' is what separates a B2 speaker from a C1 speaker. It's about precision and register.

암기하기

기억법

Think of an EPISODE of a TV show. It is a separate part. EPISODISCH is just the adjective form of that idea.

시각적 연상

Imagine a string of pearls. Each pearl is an 'episode'. They are connected but separate. That is 'episodisch'.

Word Web

Episode Geheugen Migraine Structuur Fragment Interval Tijdelijk Reeks

챌린지

Try to describe your last vacation using the word 'episodisch'. Focus on three distinct 'episodes' or events that happened.

어원

From the Greek word 'epeisodion' (ἐπεισόδιον), meaning 'coming in besides' or 'incidental'. It entered Dutch via French 'épisodique' and Latin 'episodium'.

원래 의미: In ancient Greek drama, it referred to the part of a tragedy between two choric songs.

Indo-European (Greek root), borrowed into Germanic Dutch.

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities, though using it to describe someone's behavior might sound overly clinical or cold.

English speakers use 'episodic' similarly, but 'episodisch' in Dutch feels slightly more formal/academic than the English equivalent.

Endel Tulving (Psychologist who defined episodic memory, widely cited in Dutch universities). Picaresque novels (De avonturen van de brave soldaat Švejk is often described as episodisch in Dutch lit classes). Modern Netflix series reviews in 'De Volkskrant'.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Medical / Health

episodische hoofdpijn
episodisch verloop
episodische klachten
episodische zorg

Psychology

episodisch geheugen
episodische herinnering
episodisch denken
episodische details

Literature & Film

episodische opbouw
episodisch karakter
episodische vertelstijl
episodische film

Business & Finance

episodische inkomsten
episodisch werk
episodische groei
episodische financiering

Science & Nature

episodische overstromingen
episodische activiteit
episodische variabiliteit
episodisch verschijnsel

대화 시작하기

"Vind jij een episodische structuur in een serie prettiger dan één lang verhaal?"

"Hoe goed is jouw episodisch geheugen voor gebeurtenissen uit je jeugd?"

"Denk je dat de economische crisis een episodisch of structureel probleem is?"

"Heb je wel eens last gehad van episodische klachten die de dokter niet kon verklaren?"

"Zou je liever episodisch werk doen of een vaste baan voor de lange termijn hebben?"

일기 주제

Beschrijf een episodische herinnering die een grote impact op je leven heeft gehad.

Reflecteer op de episodische aard van je eigen leerproces van de Nederlandse taal.

Schrijf een recensie van een film met een episodische opbouw.

Hoe ga je om met episodische stress in je werk of privéleven?

Bedenk een verhaal dat episodisch is opgebouwd en beschrijf de drie belangrijkste episodes.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, it is relatively rare in casual conversation. You are more likely to hear 'af en toe' or 'soms'. It is very common in professional, medical, and academic settings.

Yes, absolutely. It describes a show where each episode has its own plot, like 'The Simpsons' or 'CSI', rather than one continuous story like 'Breaking Bad'.

It is the psychological term for the memory of specific events in your life (e.g., your 10th birthday). It is distinguished from semantic memory (facts).

It is pronounced like 'ees' in English. The 'sch' is silent, and the 'i' is long. 'ee-pie-zo-dies'.

Not quite. 'Sporadisch' means rarely or once in a while. 'Episodisch' means occurring in distinct phases or episodes, which could be frequent or infrequent.

Add an 'e' (episodische) when it comes before a 'de-word' (de episodische pijn) or a plural noun (episodische momenten). Don't add it after 'een' with a 'het-word' (een episodisch verhaal).

Yes. For example: 'De ziekte komt episodisch terug.' Here it describes how the disease returns.

It is neutral. It simply describes a pattern. However, in medicine, 'episodisch' is often preferred over 'chronisch' because it implies periods of health.

The most common opposites are 'continu' (continuous), 'constant' (constant), or 'lineair' (linear, in stories).

Yes, to describe irregular revenue, seasonal work, or project-based structures. For example, 'episodische inkomsten'.

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