이 페이지를 내 언어로
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 Português 中文 हिन्दी
B2 noun 12분 분량

化疗

huàliáo
예시
설명 化疗 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '化疗' (huàliáo) yourself, but it's helpful to recognize that it's a very serious medical word. It means 'chemotherapy,' a treatment for a very bad sickness called cancer. In Chinese, '化' (huà) comes from 'chemistry' and '疗' (liáo) means 'treatment' or 'to heal.' You might see this word on a hospital sign or hear it in a sad story. At this stage, just remember that if you see '化' and '疗' together, someone is talking about a doctor helping a very sick person with special medicine. You can think of it as 'hospital medicine.' You would usually hear it with basic words like '医院' (hospital) or '医生' (doctor). For example, '他在医院' (He is in the hospital) might be followed by '他在做化疗' if the situation is serious. Don't worry about the grammar yet; just know it's a serious medical term.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the A2 level, you should recognize '化疗' (huàliáo) as the specific term for chemotherapy. You might encounter it in simple stories or news snippets about health. It's important to notice the verb '做' (zuò), which means 'to do.' In Chinese, we say '做化疗' (to do chemo). You might also see '去医院化疗' (go to the hospital for chemo). At this level, you can start to associate it with other health words you know, like '病' (sick), '药' (medicine), and '身体' (body). If a friend says their relative is '做化疗,' you should understand that it's a difficult time for them. You don't need to know the technical details, but knowing that it's a noun and requires a verb is a good step forward. You can also start to recognize the '疗' (liáo) character in other words like '医疗' (medical treatment).
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the B1 level, you should be able to use '化疗' (huàliáo) in sentences to describe medical situations. You should understand that it is a noun and commonly follows verbs like '接受' (jiēshòu - to receive) or '进行' (jìnxíng - to undergo/conduct). For example, '他正在接受化疗' (He is currently receiving chemotherapy). You should also be aware of common side effects discussed in Chinese, such as '脱发' (tuōfà - hair loss) or '恶心' (ěxīn - nausea), which are often mentioned alongside '化疗.' At this level, you can participate in basic conversations about health and express sympathy. You should also be able to distinguish '化疗' from '治疗' (general treatment). You might read about it in health articles or hear it in podcasts. Understanding the '疗程' (liáochéng - course of treatment) is also useful at this stage, as chemotherapy is almost always given in courses.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you should have a firm grasp of '化疗' (huàliáo) in various contexts. You should be able to discuss the pros and cons of chemotherapy, its side effects (副作用), and its role in a broader treatment plan (治疗方案). You should be comfortable using formal verbs like '进行' and '完成' with '化疗.' You should also be able to distinguish it from '放疗' (radiotherapy) and '靶向治疗' (targeted therapy) in a discussion. At this level, you should understand the cultural sensitivity required when using this word in China. You might encounter '化疗' in more complex texts, such as medical news, literature, or formal reports. You should also be able to use it as a modifier, as in '化疗药物' (chemotherapy drugs) or '化疗反应' (chemotherapy reaction). Your ability to use the word should be precise and grammatically correct, avoiding the common mistake of using it as a verb.
At the C1 level, you should be able to use '化疗' (huàliáo) in professional or academic discussions. You should be familiar with technical terms like '化疗耐药性' (chemotherapy resistance), '辅助化疗' (adjuvant chemotherapy), and '联合化疗' (combination chemotherapy). You can discuss the socioeconomic impact of '化疗' costs in China and the government's efforts to include more '化疗药物' in the national insurance scheme. You should be able to read medical abstracts or detailed health reports that use this word. Your nuance in conversation should allow you to discuss the psychological impact of chemotherapy on patients and their families. You should also understand the historical development of '化疗' in the context of modern Chinese medicine and how it is often integrated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (中西医结合) to improve patient outcomes.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
At the C2 level, you possess a native-like understanding of '化疗' (huàliáo). you can use it effortlessly in any context, from a highly technical medical symposium to a deeply emotional literary analysis. You understand the etymological roots of the characters and how the term has evolved in the Chinese lexicon. You can critique medical policies related to chemotherapy, discuss the ethics of end-of-life care involving '化疗,' and analyze the portrayal of cancer treatment in contemporary Chinese media. You are aware of the most recent clinical trials and breakthroughs involving '化疗' and can discuss them with experts. Your command of the language allows you to use '化疗' with perfect grammatical precision and a deep understanding of the emotional and social connotations it carries in different strata of Chinese society.
무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기
예시

The term 化疗 (huàliáo) is a linguistic contraction of 化学治疗 (huàxué zhìliáo), which literally translates to 'chemical treatment.' In a medical and everyday context, it refers specifically to chemotherapy—the use of chemical substances, especially one or more anti-cancer drugs, as part of a standardized cancer regimen. Understanding this word requires looking at its components: 化 (huà), representing chemistry or transformation, and 疗 (liáo), representing healing or therapy. In modern China, this word is ubiquitous in medical discussions, family health crises, and hospital corridors. It is a B2-level word because while the concept is universal, the specific linguistic patterns and emotional weight it carries in Chinese society require a nuanced understanding of both the medical system and social etiquette surrounding illness.

Etymological Breakdown
The character 化 (huà) originally depicted two people, one upright and one upside down, symbolizing change or transformation. In modern Mandarin, it is the root for chemistry (化学). The character 疗 (liáo) contains the sickness radical (疒), indicating it relates to disease or medical care. Combined, they form a precise technical term that has entered the common vernacular.

医生说，目前的最佳方案是进行几个疗程的化疗。 (The doctor said the best current plan is to undergo several courses of chemotherapy.)

People use this word when discussing treatment plans for cancer patients. It is rarely used metaphorically in Chinese, unlike some English medical terms. It remains firmly in the realm of oncology. When a family member is diagnosed with cancer, the discussion often revolves around whether to choose 化疗, 放疗 (fàngliáo - radiotherapy), or 手术 (shǒushù - surgery). The word carries a heavy emotional burden, often associated with hair loss (脱发), nausea (恶心), and physical weakness (虚弱). Therefore, in social contexts, it is used with high sensitivity and empathy. You will hear it in news reports concerning medical breakthroughs, in hospital dramas, and in serious conversations between friends about health.

Clinical Context
In a Chinese hospital (医院), you will find the 化疗室 (Chemotherapy Room) usually within the 肿瘤科 (Oncology Department). Patients discuss their '疗程' (liáochéng - course of treatment) with their '主治医生' (zhǔzhì yīshēng - attending physician).

他在第三次化疗后感到非常疲倦。 (He felt very tired after the third chemotherapy session.)

Culturally, the decision to undergo 化疗 in China is sometimes balanced with Traditional Chinese Medicine (中药) to mitigate side effects. This integrative approach is common. When someone says they are '在化疗' (undergoing chemo), it implies a long, difficult journey. The word is not just a medical term; it is a marker of a life-altering event. Linguistically, it is part of a family of '疗' words, including 理疗 (physical therapy) and 食疗 (food therapy), but it is by far the most serious of the group.

Grammar Usage
化疗 functions as a noun. It can be modified by adjectives (如：痛苦的化疗 - painful chemo) or quantifiers (如：一次化疗 - one chemo session). It frequently appears in the structure: [Subject] + [Verb: 做/进行/接受] + 化疗.

虽然化疗的过程很艰辛，但他始终保持乐观。 (Although the process of chemotherapy is very arduous, he always remains optimistic.)

Using 化疗 (huàliáo) correctly involves pairing it with the appropriate verbs and understanding its role in complex sentence structures. Since it is a medical procedure, the most common verbs are 做 (zuò - to do/undergo), 进行 (jìnxíng - to conduct/undergo), and 接受 (jiēshòu - to receive/accept). For example, '他正在做化疗' (He is currently doing chemo) is the most natural way to express the ongoing process in a casual or semi-formal conversation. In formal medical reports, you are more likely to see '患者正在接受化学治疗' or the abbreviated '接受化疗'.

Verb-Object Collocations
1. 做化疗 (Common/Informal)
2. 接受化疗 (Formal/Standard)
3. 进行化疗 (Formal/Clinical)
4. 完成化疗 (To complete chemo)
5. 停止化疗 (To stop chemo)

张教授建议病人先进行一个阶段的化疗，然后再考虑手术。 (Professor Zhang suggested the patient undergo a phase of chemotherapy first, then consider surgery.)

When describing the effects or consequences of chemotherapy, 化疗 often acts as a modifier for other nouns. Common phrases include 化疗药物 (chemotherapy drugs), 化疗副作用 (chemotherapy side effects), and 化疗方案 (chemotherapy regimen). Because chemo is typically administered in cycles, the word 疗程 (liáochéng) is its constant companion. You might say '他已经完成了六个疗程的化疗' (He has already completed six courses of chemotherapy). This level of specificity is crucial for B2 learners to master.

Adjectival Modifiers
Commonly used adjectives with 化疗 include:
- 痛苦的 (tòngkǔ de - painful)
- 漫长的 (màncháng de - long/drawn-out)
- 有效的 (yǒuxiào de - effective)
- 昂贵的 (ángguì de - expensive)

虽然化疗的过程极其痛苦，但为了康复，他咬牙坚持了下来。 (Although the process of chemotherapy was extremely painful, for the sake of recovery, he gritted his teeth and persevered.)

In complex sentences, 化疗 is often used in contrast with other treatments. For example: '比起化疗，这种新型的靶向治疗副作用更小' (Compared to chemotherapy, this new type of targeted therapy has fewer side effects). Here, it serves as a benchmark for traditional cancer treatment. It can also be the subject of a sentence, especially when discussing medical research: '化疗依然是治疗肺癌的主要手段之一' (Chemotherapy remains one of the primary means of treating lung cancer). Understanding these structures allows a learner to participate in serious discussions about health and science.

Sentence Patterns
- [Subject] + 因为 [Reason] + 需要 + 做化疗。
- [Subject] + 在 [Place] + 接受 + 化疗。
- [Subject] + 怕/担心 + 化疗的 + 副作用。

由于发现得早，他不需要进行化疗，只需要手术即可。 (Because it was detected early, he didn't need chemotherapy; surgery alone was sufficient.)

The word 化疗 (huàliáo) is most frequently encountered in four primary environments: the hospital (医院), news media (新闻媒体), film and television (影视剧), and personal social circles (社交圈). In the hospital, you'll hear it spoken by nurses giving instructions, doctors explaining prognosis, and patients sharing their experiences. It's a pragmatic, clinical word here. For example, a nurse might say, '请在化疗前两小时禁食' (Please fast for two hours before chemotherapy). This usage is direct and instruction-heavy.

Context 1: Medical News
News reports often discuss '化疗药物进入医保' (Chemotherapy drugs being included in medical insurance). This is a major topic in China, where the cost of cancer treatment is a significant social concern. You will hear journalists using the word to discuss public health policy.

最新的医学研究表明，这种新药可以有效减轻化疗带来的恶心感。 (The latest medical research shows that this new drug can effectively alleviate the nausea caused by chemotherapy.)

In Chinese cinema and TV dramas (often referred to as '苦情剧' or 'melodramas'), illness is a common plot device. You will hear characters tearfully discussing 化疗 as they face mortality. In this context, the word is used to evoke sympathy and highlight the character's strength or the family's devotion. For instance, a daughter might say, '哪怕砸锅卖铁，我也要给爸爸做化疗' (Even if I have to sell everything I own, I will get my father chemotherapy). This shows the cultural value of filial piety (孝顺) in the face of medical hardship.

Context 2: Social Support Groups
In online forums like Baidu Tieba or WeChat groups for cancer survivors, '化疗' is a constant keyword. Users share '化疗食谱' (chemo recipes) and '化疗心得' (chemo experiences), creating a community around the word.

他在朋友圈发了一张光头的照片，配文说：‘化疗第一天，加油！’ (He posted a photo of his bald head on Moments with the caption: 'First day of chemo, keep going!')

Finally, in academic and pharmaceutical settings, 化疗 is used in a highly technical way. Scientists discuss '化疗耐药性' (chemotherapy resistance) and '联合化疗' (combination chemotherapy). If you attend a medical conference in China or read a medical journal like the 'Chinese Journal of Oncology,' this word will appear on almost every page. It is the bedrock of oncological discourse. For a learner, hearing the word in these varied contexts—from the emotional plea of a TV character to the dry statistics of a medical report—is key to mastering its usage.

Common Overhead Phrases
- '化疗结束了' (Chemo is finished)
- '化疗反应很大' (The reaction to chemo is very strong)
- '化疗期间要注意营养' (Pay attention to nutrition during chemo)

电视新闻报道了政府降低化疗药物价格的新政策。 (The TV news reported on the government's new policy to lower the prices of chemotherapy drugs.)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using 化疗 (huàliáo) is treating it as a verb. In English, we can say 'He is being chemoed' or use 'chemotherapy' in ways that imply action. In Chinese, 化疗 is strictly a noun. You cannot say '他化疗了' to mean 'He underwent chemotherapy.' You must use a supporting verb like 做 (zuò) or 接受 (jiēshòu). Incorrect: '医生化疗了他' (The doctor chemoed him). Correct: '医生为他进行了化疗' (The doctor performed chemotherapy on him).

Mistake 1: Part of Speech Confusion
Using '化疗' as a verb.
❌ 他化疗了三次。 (Incorrect)
✅ 他做了三次化疗。 (Correct)

很多学生误以为化疗可以像‘休息’一样直接当动词用。 (Many students mistakenly think chemotherapy can be used directly as a verb like 'to rest'.)

Another common error is confusing 化疗 (huàliáo) with 放疗 (fàngliáo). While both are cancer treatments, '化疗' is chemical (chemotherapy) and '放疗' is radiation (radiotherapy). In a medical context, mixing these up can lead to serious misunderstandings. Similarly, some learners confuse it with 话疗 (huàliáo)—a homophone that means 'talk therapy' or 'psychotherapy' (though the formal term is 心理咨询). While '话疗' is sometimes used humorously to mean 'curing someone by talking to them,' using it in a serious medical conversation instead of '化疗' would be a significant blunder.

Mistake 2: Homophone Confusion
Confusing 化疗 (Chemo) with 话疗 (Talk therapy).
❌ 他得了癌症，需要话疗。 (He has cancer and needs talk therapy - sounds like a mistake unless you mean mental support).
✅ 他得了癌症，需要化疗。 (He has cancer and needs chemo).

在医院里，千万不要把化疗和放疗混为一谈。 (In the hospital, never confuse chemotherapy with radiotherapy.)

A third mistake is using the wrong measure word. For treatments, the correct measure word is usually 次 (cì - time/occurrence) or 个疗程 (gè liáochéng - course of treatment). Some learners try to use '个' for a single session, which is grammatically awkward. '一个化疗' sounds like 'one chemotherapy' as an object, rather than a session. Always say '一次化疗'. Finally, be careful with the word 化学 (huàxué). While '化疗' comes from it, you cannot use '化学' alone to mean 'chemo.' '他正在做化学' would mean 'He is doing chemistry (the subject),' which is quite different from receiving medical treatment.

Mistake 3: Over-generalization
Using '化疗' to refer to any IV drip or medicine.
❌ 我感冒了，要去化疗。 (I have a cold, I'm going for chemo - Very wrong!)
✅ 我感冒了，要去输液 (shūyè - to have an IV drip).

记住，化疗只用于癌症治疗，不能用来指代普通的打针。 (Remember, chemotherapy is only used for cancer treatment and cannot be used to refer to ordinary injections.)

To truly master 化疗 (huàliáo), you must understand its place within the hierarchy of medical treatments. The most direct comparison is with 放疗 (fàngliáo), which stands for 放射治疗 (radiotherapy). While 化疗 uses drugs that circulate through the entire body to kill cancer cells, 放疗 uses high-energy beams to target specific areas. In Chinese hospitals, these are often mentioned together as '放化疗' (radiochemotherapy) when combined. Another modern alternative is 靶向治疗 (bǎxiàng zhìliáo), or targeted therapy, which is often seen as a more advanced and less toxic option than traditional chemotherapy.

Comparison: 化疗 vs. 放疗
化疗 (huàliáo): Systematic treatment using drugs. Affects the whole body.
放疗 (fàngliáo): Localized treatment using radiation. Targets specific tumor sites.

医生根据病情，决定采用化疗结合放疗的方案。 (The doctor decided to adopt a plan combining chemotherapy and radiotherapy based on the condition.)

A more general term is 治疗 (zhìliáo), which simply means 'treatment' or 'to treat.' While 化疗 is a specific type of treatment, 治疗 can refer to anything from a bandage for a scratch to a heart transplant. If you are unsure of the specific treatment someone is receiving, it is safer and more polite to use 治疗. For example, '他在医院接受治疗' (He is receiving treatment in the hospital) is less invasive than asking about chemo directly. Another related term is 手术 (shǒushù), meaning surgery. Often, cancer patients will have '手术' followed by '化疗' to ensure all cancer cells are removed.

Comparison: 化疗 vs. 靶向治疗
化疗: Broad-spectrum, often kills healthy cells too (hence side effects).
靶向治疗: Targets specific genetic markers of cancer cells, generally more precise.

虽然化疗很普遍，但靶向治疗为很多晚期患者带来了新希望。 (Although chemotherapy is common, targeted therapy has brought new hope to many late-stage patients.)

In a broader sense, 康复 (kāngfù) meaning 'recovery' or 'rehabilitation' is the goal of all these treatments. While 化疗 is the process, 康复 is the desired outcome. You might hear people say '化疗后的康复过程' (the recovery process after chemo). Lastly, 理疗 (lǐliáo) refers to physical therapy. Despite the similar '疗' suffix, it is worlds apart from chemotherapy in terms of medical application. It is important for learners to distinguish these '疗' words to avoid confusing a massage or exercise session with a serious cancer treatment.

Summary of Alternatives
- 治疗: General treatment.
- 放疗: Radiation therapy.
- 手术: Surgery.
- 靶向治疗: Targeted therapy.
- 免疫治疗: Immunotherapy.

在某些情况下，医生会建议先做化疗使肿瘤缩小。 (In some cases, doctors will recommend doing chemotherapy first to shrink the tumor.)

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

1

他在医院做化疗。

He is in the hospital doing chemotherapy.

Subject + 在 + Place + Verb + Object

2

医生说他需要化疗。

The doctor says he needs chemo.

Subject + Verb + Object

3

化疗很贵。

Chemo is very expensive.

Subject + Adjective

4

我不喜欢化疗。

I don't like chemo.

Negative sentence with 不

5

爷爷在做化疗。

Grandpa is doing chemo.

Family member + 正在 + verb

6

那是化疗室。

That is the chemo room.

Demonstrative + 是 + Noun

7

化疗后他很累。

After chemo, he is very tired.

Time word (后) usage

8

这是化疗的药。

This is chemo medicine.

Possessive particle 的

1

他做完化疗就回家了。

He went home as soon as he finished chemo.

Verb + 完... 就... structure

2

化疗会让他掉头发吗？

Will chemo make him lose hair?

Question with 吗

3

他每个月都要去化疗。

He has to go for chemo every month.

Frequency word 每个月

4

化疗对他有用吗？

Is chemo useful for him?

对...有用 (useful for...)

5

医生建议他开始化疗。

The doctor suggested he start chemo.

Verb 建议 (suggest)

6

虽然化疗很难受，但他坚持住了。

Although chemo is uncomfortable, he persevered.

虽然...但是... (although... but...)

7

化疗期间他吃得很少。

During chemo, he eats very little.

期间 (during) usage

8

他一共做了六次化疗。

He did six chemo sessions in total.

Number + 次 (measure word for sessions)

1

接受化疗是治疗癌症的重要手段。

Receiving chemotherapy is an important means of treating cancer.

Noun phrase as subject

2

因为化疗的副作用，他感到非常恶心。

Because of the side effects of chemo, he felt very nauseous.

因为... (because of...)

3

他在化疗之前咨询了很多医生。

He consulted many doctors before starting chemo.

...之前 (before...)

4

为了减轻化疗的痛苦，他尝试了中医。

In order to reduce the pain of chemo, he tried Chinese medicine.

为了... (in order to...)

5

化疗的费用对这个家庭来说太高了。

The cost of chemo is too high for this family.

对...来说 (for...)

6

他正在考虑是否要继续化疗。

He is considering whether to continue chemo.

是否... (whether or not...)

7

化疗后，他的免疫力下降了。

After chemo, his immunity decreased.

Subject + 下降 (decrease)

8

完成最后一次化疗后，全家人都很高兴。

After finishing the last chemo session, the whole family was happy.

完成 (complete) usage

1

化疗虽然能杀灭癌细胞，但也会损伤正常细胞。

Although chemo can kill cancer cells, it also damages normal cells.

Complex contrast with 虽...但...

2

医生为他制定了一套详细的化疗方案。

The doctor formulated a detailed chemotherapy regimen for him.

为...制定 (formulate for...)

3

随着医疗技术的进步，化疗的副作用正在减少。

With the progress of medical technology, the side effects of chemo are decreasing.

随着... (with/along with...)

4

这种新型化疗药物已经进入了临床试验阶段。

This new type of chemotherapy drug has entered the clinical trial stage.

进入...阶段 (enter the stage of...)

5

病人对化疗的反应因人而异。

Patients' reactions to chemo vary from person to person.

因人而异 (idiom: vary from person to person)

6

在化疗期间，保持良好的心态至关重要。

During chemotherapy, maintaining a good state of mind is crucial.

至关重要 (idiom: crucial)

7

由于身体虚弱，他不得不暂时停止化疗。

Due to physical weakness, he had to temporarily stop chemo.

不得不 (have no choice but to)

8

化疗的成功率取决于多种因素。

The success rate of chemo depends on multiple factors.

取决于 (depend on)

1

化疗药物的毒副作用是临床治疗中面临的主要挑战之一。

The toxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs are one of the main challenges faced in clinical treatment.

Complex noun phrase as subject

2

辅助化疗旨在通过手术后清除残余癌细胞来降低复发率。

Adjuvant chemotherapy aims to reduce recurrence rates by clearing residual cancer cells after surgery.

旨在 (aim at) + method (通过...)

3

该研究探讨了联合化疗在晚期肺癌治疗中的有效性。

The study explored the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced lung cancer.

探讨 (explore/discuss) usage

4

化疗耐药性的产生往往会导致治疗方案的失败。

The emergence of chemotherapy resistance often leads to the failure of treatment regimens.

导致 (lead to) usage

5

医生必须权衡化疗的收益与其对患者生活质量的影响。

Doctors must weigh the benefits of chemo against its impact on the patient's quality of life.

权衡...与... (weigh... and...)

6

随着精准医疗的发展，个体化化疗已成为可能。

With the development of precision medicine, individualized chemotherapy has become possible.

Becoming possible (已成为可能)

7

化疗期间的营养干预对于提高患者耐受力具有重要意义。

Nutritional intervention during chemo is of great significance for improving patient tolerance.

具有重要意义 (be of great significance)

8

尽管化疗技术不断改进，但寻找更高效、低毒的替代疗法依然是研究重点。

Despite continuous improvements in chemotherapy technology, finding more efficient, low-toxicity alternative therapies remains a research focus.

尽管...但...依然 (Despite... but... still)

1

化疗在肿瘤治疗史上的里程碑意义不言而喻，但其局限性也日益凸显。

The milestone significance of chemotherapy in the history of tumor treatment is self-evident, but its limitations are also increasingly prominent.

不言而喻 (idiom: self-evident) and 凸显 (become prominent)

2

针对化疗引起的骨髓抑制，临床上通常采取促红细胞生成素进行干预。

For bone marrow suppression caused by chemotherapy, erythropoietin is usually used clinically for intervention.

针对 (aimed at) + medical terminology

3

化疗药物的跨膜转运机制是破解耐药难题的关键所在。

The transmembrane transport mechanism of chemotherapy drugs is the key to solving the problem of resistance.

关键所在 (where the key lies)

4

在姑息治疗中，化疗的应用需更加审慎，以确保患者尊严与生存质量。

In palliative care, the application of chemotherapy needs to be more cautious to ensure patient dignity and quality of life.

审慎 (cautious/prudent) usage

5

化疗引发的认知功能障碍，即所谓的‘化疗脑’，已引起神经科学界的广泛关注。

Cognitive impairment caused by chemotherapy, known as 'chemo brain,' has attracted widespread attention in the neuroscience community.

所谓 (so-called) and 引起...关注 (attract attention)

6

化疗方案的优化不仅依赖于药物浓度的精准控制，还取决于给药时机的选择。

The optimization of chemotherapy regimens depends not only on the precise control of drug concentration but also on the choice of administration timing.

不仅...还取决于... (not only... but also depends on...)

7

化疗药物在杀灭增殖期细胞的同时，往往也会对造血干细胞造成不可逆的损伤。

While chemotherapy drugs kill proliferating cells, they also often cause irreversible damage to hematopoietic stem cells.

...的同时 (at the same time as...)

8

从社会医学的角度看，化疗的可及性与公平性反映了一个国家医疗保障体系的完善程度。

From the perspective of social medicine, the accessibility and fairness of chemotherapy reflect the degree of perfection of a country's medical security system.

从...角度看 (from the perspective of...)

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

관련 콘텐츠

이 단어를 다른 언어로

chemotherapy انگلیسی
도움이 되었나요?

댓글 (0)

로그인하여 댓글 달기
아직 댓글이 없습니다. 첫 번째로 생각을 공유하세요!