Seikyu is the formal act of requesting payment for services or goods rendered.
Word in 30 Seconds
- A formal request for payment of money.
- Often used to describe sending or receiving an invoice.
- Can be used as both a noun and a verb.
Overview
- 1概要:請求とは、自分の権利として相手に何らかの履行を求める行為全般を指しますが、現代では特に「金銭の支払い」を求める文脈で最も頻繁に使われます。2) 使用パターン:名詞として使うだけでなく、「請求する」という動詞としても機能します。また、「請求書」という形で、支払いを求めるための文書を指す際にも使われます。3) 一般的な文脈:企業間取引での代金の督促や、個人がサービスを利用した後の支払い要求など、契約に基づいた正当な要求の際に用いられます。4) 類語との比較:『督促(とくそく)』は支払いが期限を過ぎた際に強く催促することを指し、『要求(ようきゅう)』は金銭だけでなく権利や態度など幅広い要求を指すため、『請求』はより事務的かつ経済的な文脈に特化しています。
Examples
先月分の利用料金を請求する。
everydayI will request payment for last month's usage fees.
正式な請求書を郵送いたします。
formalWe will mail you the official invoice.
損害賠償を請求する権利がある。
academicI have the right to claim damages.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
請求金額
Billed amount
請求先
Billing address/party
請求書払い
Payment by invoice
Often Confused With
Refers specifically to urging payment after a deadline has passed. It carries a more urgent and slightly negative tone.
A broader term for demanding something, not limited to money. It can refer to demands for rights or changes in behavior.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Seikyu is primarily used in formal or business settings. It is rarely used in casual conversation between friends. When using it in writing, ensure the context is related to a transaction or a formal claim.
Common Mistakes
Learners sometimes confuse it with 'onegai' (a polite request). Remember that 'seikyu' is specifically for financial or legal obligations. Do not use it when asking for a small favor.
Tips
Use with 'suru' for verb form
Add 'suru' to turn the noun into a verb. It is a very common way to express the act of requesting payment.
Avoid using in casual friendships
Using 'seikyu' with friends may sound cold or transactional. Use 'haratte' or 'okane choudai' instead.
The importance of Seikyusho
In Japan, formal invoices (seikyusho) are essential for tax and accounting purposes. They are considered legal documents.
Word Origin
Derived from the kanji 請求. 'Sei' (ask/request) and 'Kyu' (seek/demand). It reflects the traditional administrative process of requesting official payments.
Cultural Context
The Japanese business world places high importance on formal documentation. Sending an invoice is a critical step in the B2B relationship to ensure financial transparency.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Seikyu' as 'Say-Q' (Say: 'Give me the money'). It is the formal way to 'say' you are owed money.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions請求は支払いを求める一般的な行為です。一方、督促は支払期限が過ぎても支払われない場合に、強く催促することを指します。
請求の内容や金額を記載した書類のことです。取引の対価を支払ってもらうために相手に送付します。
ビジネスや公的な場が中心です。日常会話で金銭を求める場合は「払ってほしい」と言うのが自然です。
「請求する」「請求が来る」「請求を出す」などの表現が一般的です。
Test Yourself
サービス利用料を相手に___する。
金銭の支払いを求める行為なので「請求」が適切です。
Score: /1
Summary
Seikyu is the formal act of requesting payment for services or goods rendered.
- A formal request for payment of money.
- Often used to describe sending or receiving an invoice.
- Can be used as both a noun and a verb.
Use with 'suru' for verb form
Add 'suru' to turn the noun into a verb. It is a very common way to express the act of requesting payment.
Avoid using in casual friendships
Using 'seikyu' with friends may sound cold or transactional. Use 'haratte' or 'okane choudai' instead.
The importance of Seikyusho
In Japan, formal invoices (seikyusho) are essential for tax and accounting purposes. They are considered legal documents.
Examples
3 of 3先月分の利用料金を請求する。
I will request payment for last month's usage fees.
正式な請求書を郵送いたします。
We will mail you the official invoice.
損害賠償を請求する権利がある。
I have the right to claim damages.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More business words
遅めに
B1Late or later than usual.
経理
B1Accounting, accounts department; managing financial records.
的確な
B1Accurate; precise; exactly correct.
達成する
B1To achieve; to accomplish a goal.
活性化
B2To make something more active, lively, or effective. It is used for communities (revitalization), economies (stimulation), and biological processes (activation).
付加
B2To add or attach something extra to an existing thing to increase its value or function.
優位性
B2The state of being in a superior or more advantageous position compared to others; an edge or competitive advantage.
有利
A2Advantageous, favorable; beneficial in a situation.
有利に
B1Advantageously; favorably.
宣伝する
B1To promote; to publicize; to advertise.