切れる
The verb 'kireru' signifies an automatic change of state, such as snapping, expiring, or running out of something.
切れる in 30 Seconds
- Used when something breaks or separates naturally.
- Indicates that a resource, time, or supply has run out.
- Describes a sudden outburst of anger or loss of control.
Overview
- 1概要:切れるは、主体が自ら切れる、あるいは状態として切断・消滅・終了する様子を表す自動詞です。他動詞の「切る」と対になり、状態の変化に焦点を当てます。2) 使用パターン:物理的な対象(糸、紙、ロープ)が切れる場合、機能的な対象(電池、期限、在庫)がなくなる場合、そして感情(怒り)が爆発する場合の3つが主要なパターンです。3) 一般的な文脈:日常生活では「電池が切れる」「賞味期限が切れる」「紐が切れる」といった表現が非常によく使われます。また、ビジネスシーンでは「契約が切れる」「予算が切れる」のように、権利やリソースの終了を指す際にも頻出します。4) 類語比較:『切る』は他動詞であり、誰かが意図的に行う動作を指します。一方『切れる』は、自然発生的、あるいは結果としてそうなったというニュアンスが強くなります。例えば「糸を切る(誰かが切った)」と「糸が切れる(自然に切れた)」の違いを理解することが重要です。
Examples
紐が切れる。
everydayThe string breaks.
契約期間が切れる。
formalThe contract period expires.
彼は急にキレた。
informalHe suddenly lost his temper.
在庫が切れる恐れがある。
academicThere is a risk of running out of stock.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
息が切れる
To be out of breath.
話の腰を折る
To interrupt a conversation.
縁が切れる
To end a relationship.
Often Confused With
This is the transitive form. It describes an action performed by someone, whereas 'kireru' is the result.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Use 'kireru' for states that end naturally or accidentally. It is widely used in both formal and informal registers. When referring to anger, it is often written in Katakana as 'キレる' to denote the specific slang meaning.
Learners often use 'kireru' as a transitive verb (e.g., 'kireta' instead of 'kitta'). Remember that 'kireru' is almost always intransitive. Also, avoid using it for things that don't 'run out' or 'break' logically.
Tips
Focus on the automatic nature
Remember that 'kireru' describes what happens to an object, not what you do to it. Think of it as 'becoming cut' or 'ending'.
Distinguish between physical and abstract
Be careful when using 'kireru' for abstract concepts like patience. 'Ki ga kireru' is not common; we use 'kire-sou' or 'kireta' for anger.
The slang usage of 'Kireru'
In modern Japanese, 'Kireru' is very commonly used to describe someone suddenly losing their temper. It implies a 'snapping' of one's patience.
Word Origin
Derived from the classical verb 'kiru' (to cut). Over time, the intransitive form 'kireru' evolved to cover not just physical cutting, but the 'severing' of abstract connections or durations.
Cultural Context
The use of 'kireru' for anger reflects a Japanese cultural emphasis on emotional restraint; 'snapping' implies that one's limit of endurance has been breached.
Memory Tip
Think of a 'Kite' string 'snapping' in the wind. 'Kite-ru' (snapping) sounds like 'kireru'.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「切る」は誰かが意図的に行う他動詞で、「切れる」は自然に分かれたり、状態が終わったりする自動詞です。
感情が爆発して怒ることを表す場合、強調のためにカタカナで「キレる」と書くのが一般的です。
有効期限が過ぎて、その権利やサービスが使えなくなることを指します。
いいえ、物理的な破壊ではなく、エネルギーが尽きて機能が停止することを意味します。
Test Yourself
冷蔵庫の牛乳が___。
在庫がなくなる場合、過去の完了形として「切れた」を使います。
「期限が切れる」の意味は?
期限が切れるは、有効期間の終了を意味します。
( 電池が / 切れて / しまった / おもちゃの )
主語+述語の基本構造です。
Score: /3
Summary
The verb 'kireru' signifies an automatic change of state, such as snapping, expiring, or running out of something.
- Used when something breaks or separates naturally.
- Indicates that a resource, time, or supply has run out.
- Describes a sudden outburst of anger or loss of control.
Focus on the automatic nature
Remember that 'kireru' describes what happens to an object, not what you do to it. Think of it as 'becoming cut' or 'ending'.
Distinguish between physical and abstract
Be careful when using 'kireru' for abstract concepts like patience. 'Ki ga kireru' is not common; we use 'kire-sou' or 'kireta' for anger.
The slang usage of 'Kireru'
In modern Japanese, 'Kireru' is very commonly used to describe someone suddenly losing their temper. It implies a 'snapping' of one's patience.
Examples
4 of 4紐が切れる。
The string breaks.
契約期間が切れる。
The contract period expires.
彼は急にキレた。
He suddenly lost his temper.
在庫が切れる恐れがある。
There is a risk of running out of stock.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Grammar Rules
Related Vocabulary
More general words
いくつか
B1An unspecified small number of things; some, a few.
ちょっと
A2A little; a moment; a bit. Small amount or short time.
すこし
A2A little; a few.
さっき
A2A little while ago; a short time past.
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
~について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
~ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.