It is the standard Japanese verb for engaging in conversation or conveying information verbally.
Word in 30 Seconds
- To express thoughts through speech.
- Used in both casual and formal settings.
- Requires a speaker and a listener.
概要
「はなします（話します）」は、人間が音声を使って意思疎通を図る行為全般を指します。単に言葉を発するだけでなく、相手との対話や情報共有というニュアンスが含まれます。2) 使用パターン: 基本的な文型は「AがBに話します」です。誰に話すかを明示する場合は助詞「に」や「と」を使います。また、何を話すかを示す場合は「〜について話します」や「〜を話します」という形をとります。3) 一般的な文脈: 友達との世間話、仕事の打ち合わせ、先生への質問、電話での会話など、非常に広範囲なシチュエーションで使われます。丁寧語の「話します」は、初対面の人や職場でも使える汎用性の高い表現です。4) 類似語との比較: 「しゃべります」は、より「口を動かして音を出す」という動作に焦点があり、少しカジュアルで「おしゃべり」というニュアンスが強くなります。「語ります」は、物語や自分の考えをまとまった内容として伝えるという、より重みのある表現になります。「話します」はこれらの中間に位置する、最も標準的で使いやすい言葉です。
Examples
友達とたくさん話しました。
everydayI talked a lot with my friend.
部長にお話ししたいことがあります。
formalI have something I would like to talk to you about, Manager.
日本語で話す練習をします。
informalI will practice speaking in Japanese.
その件について詳しくお話しします。
academicI will explain that matter in detail.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
ちょっといいですか？
Can I talk to you for a second?
また話しましょう
Let's talk again.
話が違います
The story is different (from what I heard).
Often Confused With
Refers more to the act of moving the mouth to produce sound. Often implies casual chatting or idle talk.
Implies telling a story or explaining one's philosophy in a more structured or dramatic way.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use '話します' for standard polite conversation. When speaking to superiors, use the humble form 'お話しします'. Avoid using 'しゃべる' in professional settings as it sounds too informal.
Common Mistakes
Beginners often use 'を' instead of 'に' when indicating the person they are talking to. Also, confusing the past tense '話しました' with '話しましたした' is a common error. Ensure the verb conjugation is correct.
Tips
Use with particles correctly
Remember to use 'に' for the person you are talking to. Using 'と' implies a mutual conversation between two people.
Don't confuse with 'shaberimasu'
Avoid using 'shaberimasu' in very formal business situations as it can sound like you are just chatting idly.
Politeness levels matter
In Japan, the level of politeness when speaking is crucial. Use 'お話しします' when talking about your own actions to a superior.
Word Origin
Derived from the ancient Japanese verb 'hanasu' which meant to separate or release, implying the release of words from one's mouth. It evolved to represent the act of communication.
Cultural Context
In Japanese culture, 'talking' is often indirect to maintain harmony (wa). Being too direct can sometimes be seen as impolite, so 'hanashimasu' is often used with hedging language.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Hana' (flower) and 'Shimasu' (do). Imagine a flower blooming as you 'speak' out your thoughts.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「話します」は会話や対話の継続的なプロセスに焦点があります。一方、「言います」は特定の言葉や事実を伝えるという一瞬の行為を強調します。
過去形は「話しました」です。否定形は「話しません」となります。
相手との距離感に応じて、「話す（辞書形）」、「話します（丁寧語）」、「お話しします（謙譲語）」を使い分けることが大切です。
はい、名詞として使う場合は「はなし」と読みます。動詞の時は「はな（す）」と読みます。
Test Yourself
先生 ___ 話します。
相手を示す場合は「に」を使います。
友達と...
過去形は「話しました」です。
（友達と / たくさん / 昨日は / 話しました）
時間は文頭に来ることが多いです。
Score: /3
Summary
It is the standard Japanese verb for engaging in conversation or conveying information verbally.
- To express thoughts through speech.
- Used in both casual and formal settings.
- Requires a speaker and a listener.
Use with particles correctly
Remember to use 'に' for the person you are talking to. Using 'と' implies a mutual conversation between two people.
Don't confuse with 'shaberimasu'
Avoid using 'shaberimasu' in very formal business situations as it can sound like you are just chatting idly.
Politeness levels matter
In Japan, the level of politeness when speaking is crucial. Use 'お話しします' when talking about your own actions to a superior.
Examples
4 of 4友達とたくさん話しました。
I talked a lot with my friend.
部長にお話ししたいことがあります。
I have something I would like to talk to you about, Manager.
日本語で話す練習をします。
I will practice speaking in Japanese.
その件について詳しくお話しします。
I will explain that matter in detail.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Grammar Rules
Related Vocabulary
More communication words
について
A2about; concerning
宛先
B1The address or name of the recipient to whom mail or an email is sent.
番地
A2House number
賛同
B1Approval, endorsement; support or agreement with an idea.
~も
A2Too, also.
〜そして
A1And then; and (used to connect sentences or clauses).
たり
A2Indicates a non-exhaustive list of actions/states ('and so on').
〜や
A2And; and so forth (used to list examples, implying others exist).
お知らせ
B1Notice; an announcement or communication.
答え
A2A thing said, written, or done as a reaction to a question or statement.
