Portuguese Grammar Hub

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401 Total Rules
81 Chapters
6 CEFR level
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Active filters: CEFR level: B2
B2 Subjunctive

Wishing with 'Ter': The Present Subjunctive

Use the present subjunctive of 'ter' to express possibilities, wishes, and uncertainties rather than established facts.

  • • Used for wishes, doubts, and emotions with the ver...
  • • Formed from the 'eu' form: 'tenho' becomes 'tenha'...
12 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Subjunctive

Portuguese Vowel Swap: The Present Subjunctive

Swap the vowels of the present tense to express your doubts, wishes, and emotions instead of cold facts.

  • • Swap the vowels: -AR verbs end in 'e', -ER/-IR ver...
  • • Used to express wishes, doubts, emotions, and unce...
11 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Subjunctive

The Subjunctive Trigger Words (Conjunctions)

Certain connector words like *para que*, *embora*, and *caso* act as automatic switches that force the next verb into the Subjunctive.

  • • Conjunctions like 'para que' trigger Subjunctive.
  • • Use for purpose, concession, and conditions.
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Subjunctive

Using 'Sem que': Without/Unless with Subjunctive

Always follow `sem que` with a conjugated verb in the subjunctive to express 'without' or 'unless'.

  • • Always triggers the subjunctive mood in the follow...
  • • Used to express 'without' or 'unless' with a full...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Subjunctive

Imperfect Subjunctive (The "If I Were" Tense)

Use the Imperfect Subjunctive for hypothetical situations, regrets, or 'what if' scenarios that aren't real right now.

  • • Expresses 'If I were' scenarios.
  • • Formed from Preterite 'Eles' form.
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Subjunctive

Como Se + Subjunctive: The 'As If' Game

Use 'como se' plus the -sse verb form to describe things that aren't actually true, like acting 'as if' you were someone else.

  • • Means 'as if' for hypothetical comparisons
  • • Always triggers Imperfect Subjunctive mood
12 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Advanced Syntax

Third Conditional: Past Regrets (Se eu tivesse...)

To say "If I had done X, Y would have happened," use `Se tivesse` + participle and `teria` + participle.

  • • Use for hypothetical past situations.
  • • Formula: Se + tivesse [participle], teria [partici...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Subjunctive

Portuguese: How to say 'In case' (Caso + Subjunctive)

Trigger the Present Subjunctive with `Caso` to express 'in case' scenarios and sound more sophisticated in Portuguese.

  • • Use `Caso` to mean 'In case' or 'If it happens tha...
  • • Always pair `Caso` with the Present Subjunctive ve...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Subjunctive

Negative Conditions: Unless (A menos que)

Use 'a menos que' followed by the Subjunctive to set conditions or exceptions where an action will NOT happen.

  • • Means 'unless' in Portuguese.
  • • ALWAYS triggers the Subjunctive mood.
12 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Personal Infinitive

The Personal Infinitive: Avoiding the Subjunctive

Use the Personal Infinitive to specify WHO is doing an action after impersonal phrases without triggering the complex subjunctive mood.

  • • Replaces 'que' + Subjunctive clauses.
  • • Adds endings: -es, -mos, -em.
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Pronouns

Portuguese Pronoun Magnets (Próclise)

Certain 'magnet' words (like não, que, and quando) physically pull object pronouns to the front of the verb.

  • • Proclisis places object pronouns immediately befor...
  • • Triggered by 'magnet' words like negatives, adverb...
11 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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B2 Pronouns

Portuguese Pronoun Fusions: mo, to, lho

When you have both an indirect and direct object pronoun, combine them into single forms like 'mo', 'to', and 'lho'.

  • • Fuses indirect + direct objects
  • • Formula: Indirect + Direct = New Word
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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Frequently Asked Questions About Portuguese Grammar

SubLearn covers 401 Portuguese grammar rules organized across 6 CEFR proficiency levels (from A1 to C2), spanning 81 structured chapters. Each rule includes clear explanations, real-world examples, and interactive practice exercises.

Our Portuguese grammar curriculum covers CEFR levels from A1 to C2. Each level is designed to match your current proficiency — beginners start with basic sentence patterns at A1, while advanced learners tackle nuanced structures at C1-C2.

Yes! All Portuguese grammar rules, explanations, and examples are completely free to access. You can browse the full curriculum, read detailed explanations, and practice with exercises at no cost.

Grammar is organized into 81 thematic chapters following the CEFR framework. Each chapter groups related rules together — for example, verb tenses, sentence structure, or particles — so you can learn related concepts in a logical sequence.

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