A1 · Iniciante Capítulo 22

Getting Started with Future and Polite Speech

6 Regras totais
60 exemplos
6 min

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of planning your future and speaking with elegant French politeness.

  • Express immediate plans using the Futur Proche.
  • Softens requests using the Conditionnel Présent.
  • Navigate social scenarios with confidence and respect.
Plan your path and speak with grace.

O que você vai aprender

Hey there, future French speaker! Ready to take a big leap in your conversations? Don't worry, this chapter is easier than you think, and it's going to be super exciting! Here, we'll learn how to talk about your immediate plans effortlessly. For example, how to say "I'm going to the park or He's going to eat." You'll do this using the Futur Proche tense, which isn't hard at all! You just need to know the verb aller (to go). After that, we'll dive into the magical world of polite speech. French people are very sensitive about politeness and respect in their conversations. Imagine you want to ask someone for something, or order a coffee at a cafe; if you don't say it politely, it might be misunderstood! This is where the Conditionnel Présent comes to your rescue. You'll learn how to soften your words and make them respectful by adding a simple I would like... or Could I... First, we'll learn the structure of this tense together, including its irregular verbs which are very common (like Je voudrais meaning I would like). Then you'll see how you can use this way of speaking for polite questions or even talking about things in your imagination. For example,

If I were rich, I would buy a big house!
By finishing this chapter, you'll be able to talk about your near future with ease and, most importantly, speak politely and respectfully in various social situations, just like a true French speaker. You'll never feel shy asking for things again! Let's get started!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'aller' + infinitive to describe your plans for today.

Guia do capítulo

Overview

Welcome, future French speaker! Get ready to unlock some truly essential communication skills in this exciting chapter. We’re diving into two powerful areas of French grammar that will significantly boost your confidence and fluency, perfect for your A1 French journey.
First, we’ll tackle the French Near Future (known as Futur Proche). This isn't a complex tense at all, but it’s incredibly useful for talking about immediate plans, like "I'm going to eat or We're going to study." You'll be amazed at how quickly you can master it!
Next, we'll explore the magical world of polite speech using the Conditionnel Présent. This is where you learn to say things like I would like or Could you? – crucial for respectful interactions in France. Understanding polite requests in French is key to navigating daily situations, from ordering a coffee to asking for directions.
French culture highly values politeness, and mastering these structures will make you sound much more natural and considerate.
By the end of this guide, you’ll not only be able to express your near-future plans with ease but also confidently make polite French requests and even talk about imaginary situations. These are fundamental building blocks for anyone learning French grammar, and you’ll find yourself using them constantly. Let's make your French conversations smoother and more respectful!

How This Grammar Works

Let's break down the two core grammar points in this chapter, starting with the easy-to-master French Near Future (Futur Proche). This structure is used to talk about actions that are going to happen very soon. It's formed by using the present tense of the verb aller (to go) followed by the infinitive of the action verb.
For example, to say
I am going to eat,
you'd combine je vais (I go) with manger (to eat) to get Je vais manger (I am going to eat). Simple, right? Similarly, Nous allons regarder un film (We are going to watch a film) or Elle va étudier (She is going to study).
This makes talking about your immediate plans a breeze!
Now, let's move on to the Conditionnel Présent, which is your go-to for polite requests and imaginary scenarios. This tense translates to would or could in English. To form the regular Conditionnel Présent, you generally take the infinitive form of the verb and add the imperfect endings: -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient.
So, for parler (to speak), it becomes Je parlerais (I would speak). However, there are common French Irregular Conditional stems that you absolutely need to know, especially for verbs like être (to be) which becomes ser- (e.g., Je serais - I would be), avoir (to have) which becomes aur- (e.g., J'aurais - I would have), and the all-important vouloir (to want) which becomes voudr-. This is how we get Je voudrais (I would like), the cornerstone of polite requests in French.
You'll also use pourrais (could) from pouvoir (to be able to) and devrais (should) from devoir (to have to) for polite questions and advice. For imaginary situations (L'irréel), you might say Si j'étais riche, j'achèterais une voiture de sport (If I were rich, I would buy a sports car). Mastering these will make your French sound much more sophisticated and polite.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Wrong: Je mange pour ce soir.
Correct: Je vais manger ce soir. (I am going to eat tonight.)
*Explanation:* For future plans, especially immediate ones, you need to use the Futur Proche (aller + infinitive). Je mange is present tense (I eat).
  1. 1Wrong:
    Je veux un café.
Correct: Je voudrais un café. (I would like a coffee.)
*Explanation:* While Je veux means I want, it can sound very direct or even impolite in French. Using Je voudrais (I would like), the Conditionnel Présent of vouloir, is the polite and expected way to make requests.
  1. 1Wrong: "Si j'ai du temps, j'irais au cinéma."
Correct: Si j'avais du temps, j'irais au cinéma. (If I had time, I would go to the cinema.)
*Explanation:* For imaginary situations (L'irréel) where the condition is unlikely or contrary to fact, French uses the imperfect tense in the if clause (Si j'avais) and the Conditionnel Présent in the main clause (j'irais).

Real Conversations

A

A

Qu'est-ce que tu vas faire ce week-end ? (What are you going to do this weekend?)
B

B

Je vais visiter Paris avec des amis. Et toi ? (I am going to visit Paris with friends. And you?)
A

A

Excusez-moi, est-ce que je pourrais avoir l'addition, s'il vous plaît ? (Excuse me, could I have the bill, please?)
B

B

Bien sûr, la voici. Vous voudriez autre chose ? (Of course, here it is. Would you like anything else?)
A

A

Si tu étais un animal, lequel serais-tu ? (If you were an animal, which one would you be?)
B

B

Je serais un chat, je pense. J'aimerais dormir toute la journée ! (I would be a cat, I think. I would like to sleep all day!)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I form the French near future tense for beginners?

The Futur Proche is formed by conjugating the verb aller (to go) in the present tense, followed by the infinitive of the main verb. For example, Tu vas regarder (You are going to watch).

Q

What's the main difference between je veux and je voudrais in French?

Je veux means I want and is direct. Je voudrais means I would like and is the polite request in French, using the Conditionnel Présent. Always use je voudrais in polite situations like ordering.

Q

Are there many irregular verbs in the French conditional?

Yes, there are several common irregular verbs whose stems change in the Conditionnel Présent, such as être (ser-), avoir (aur-), faire (fer-), aller (ir-), vouloir (voudr-), pouvoir (pourr-), and devoir (devr-).

Q

When should I use the conditional for imaginary situations in French?

You use the Conditionnel Présent to talk about hypothetical or imaginary situations, often paired with an if clause in the imperfect tense. For example, Si j'avais le temps, je voyagerais. (If I had the time, I would travel.)

Cultural Context

In France, politeness isn't just a nicety; it's deeply ingrained in communication. Using the Conditionnel Présent for requests (Je voudrais, Pourriez-vous) shows respect and consideration, making your interactions much smoother. It's a subtle but powerful way to integrate into French culture.
Always err on the side of politeness, especially with strangers or in formal settings. This grammatical choice demonstrates good manners and an understanding of social etiquette, which is highly valued.

Exemplos-chave (8)

1

Je vais regarder un film sur Netflix ce soir.

Vou assistir a um filme no Netflix hoje à noite.

Futuro Próximo em Francês: Eu vou... (Futur Proche)
2

Tu vas poster cette photo sur Instagram ?

Você vai postar essa foto no Instagram?

Futuro Próximo em Francês: Eu vou... (Futur Proche)
3

Je voudrais un café, s'il vous plaît.

Eu gostaria de um café, por favor.

Pedidos educados e o 'seria' (Conditionnel Présent)
4

On pourrait se voir ce week-end ?

A gente poderia se ver neste fim de semana?

Pedidos educados e o 'seria' (Conditionnel Présent)
5

Je voudrais un café, s'il vous plaît.

Eu gostaria de um café, por favor.

Condicional Irregular em Francês: Radicais 'ser-', 'aur-', 'ir-'
6

Est-ce que tu pourrais m'envoyer le lien ?

Você poderia me enviar o link?

Condicional Irregular em Francês: Radicais 'ser-', 'aur-', 'ir-'
7

Je voudrais un café au lait, s'il vous plaît.

Eu gostaria de um café com leite, por favor.

Pedidos educados em francês: Usando o condicional (Je voudrais)
8

Pourriez-vous me donner le code WiFi ?

Você poderia me dar o código WiFi?

Pedidos educados em francês: Usando o condicional (Je voudrais)

Dicas e truques (4)

🎯

A Dica do 'On'

No francês falado hoje em dia, quase todo mundo usa 'on va' em vez de 'nous allons'. É mais rápido, mais fácil de falar e soa super natural em conversas do dia a dia.
On va au cinéma ?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Futuro Próximo em Francês: Eu vou... (Futur Proche)
⚠️

A Armadilha do 'Si'

Nunca use o condicional logo depois de 'si' (se). Diga 'Si j'avais' (Se eu tivesse), NUNCA 'Si j'aurais'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos educados e o 'seria' (Conditionnel Présent)
💡

O 'R' é sua âncora!

Se você não ouvir um 'R' antes da terminação, não é o condicional. Ele te avisa que é 'faria' ou 'seria'. Por exemplo:
Je ferais un gâteau.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Condicional Irregular em Francês: Radicais 'ser-', 'aur-', 'ir-'
🎯

A Regra do 'Je Voudrais'

Se você só aprender uma coisa em francês, que seja Je voudrais. Serve para pedir, comprar e perguntar em qualquer lugar, de Paris a Montreal.
Je voudrais une baguette.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos educados em francês: Usando o condicional (Je voudrais)

Vocabulário-chave (5)

aller to go vouloir to want pouvoir to be able to s'il vous plaît please imaginer to imagine

Real-World Preview

coffee

Ordering at a Cafe

Review Summary

  • Aller (present) + Infinitive
  • Infinitive + -ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient

Erros comuns

After 'aller', you must keep the verb in its infinitive form (ending in -er).

Wrong: Je vais mange.
Correto: Je vais manger.

'Je veux' is direct and can sound demanding. Use 'Je voudrais' to be polite.

Wrong: Je veux un café.
Correto: Je voudrais un café.

Imaginary 'if' clauses require the conditional tense in the result clause.

Wrong: Si j'étais riche, je voyage.
Correto: Si j'étais riche, je voyagerais.

Regras neste capítulo (6)

Next Steps

You've made incredible progress in this chapter! Keep practicing your polite phrases, and you'll be speaking like a native in no time.

Practice ordering imaginary meals with a friend

Prática rápida (10)

Encontre e corrija o erro no tempo futuro.

Find and fix the mistake:

Nous allons mangeons au restaurant.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nous allons manger au restaurant.
Você nunca deve conjugar o segundo verbo. Ele deve ser o infinitivo 'manger'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Futuro Próximo em Francês: Eu vou... (Futur Proche)

Preencha a lacuna com a forma condicional correta de 'pouvoir'.

Est-ce que vous ___ m'aider, s'il vous plaît ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: pourriez
Pourriez é a forma 'vous' do condicional para o verbo pouvoir.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos educados em francês: Usando o condicional (Je voudrais)

Encontre e corrija o erro neste pedido educado.

Find and fix the mistake:

Est-ce que vous pouviez fermer la porte, s'il vous plaît ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Est-ce que vous pourriez fermer la porte ?
'Pouviez' está no imperfeito; 'pourriez' é a forma condicional correta para pedidos educados.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Perguntas Educadas: Usando o Condicional (Voudrais, Pourriez)

Preencha a lacuna com a forma correta do verbo no condicional.

Si j'avais un chien, je ________ (jouer) avec lui tous les jours.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: jouerais
A parte do resultado na frase com 'si' exige o condicional presente. Para 'je', a terminação é '-ais'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Situações Imaginárias (L'irréel)

Qual frase está gramaticalmente correta?

Escolha a forma correta de dizer 'Eles vão brincar':

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ils vont jouer.
'Ils' exige a forma 'vont', e o segundo verbo 'jouer' deve permanecer no infinitivo.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Futuro Próximo em Francês: Eu vou... (Futur Proche)

Preencha a lacuna com a forma correta de 'aller'.

Je ___ manger une pomme.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: vais
Para o sujeito 'je', a forma correta de 'aller' é 'vais'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Futuro Próximo em Francês: Eu vou... (Futur Proche)

Corrija o erro na frase.

Find and fix the mistake:

Je aimerait un café.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: J'aimerais un café.
Primeiro, je vira j' antes de uma vogal. Segundo, a terminação de 'je' para o condicional é -ais.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos educados em francês: Usando o condicional (Je voudrais)

Qual frase é a mais educada para pedir uma bebida?

Escolha a melhor opção:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je voudrais un thé.
Je voudrais usa o Condicional, que é o padrão para pedidos educados em francês.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pedidos educados em francês: Usando o condicional (Je voudrais)

Encontre e corrija o erro na frase.

Find and fix the mistake:

Tu allerais à la fête ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Tu irais à la fête ?
'Aller' é irregular e usa a base 'ir-' no condicional.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Condicional Irregular em Francês: Radicais 'ser-', 'aur-', 'ir-'

Qual frase é a mais educada?

Escolha a melhor forma de pedir ajuda a um estranho:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Pourriez-vous m'aider ?
'Pourriez-vous' usa o condicional e o 'vous' formal, tornando-a a opção mais educada.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Perguntas Educadas: Usando o Condicional (Voudrais, Pourriez)

Score: /10

Perguntas comuns (6)

Sim, desde que seja um plano ou intenção fixa. Por exemplo, "Je vais déménager l'année prochaine" está perfeitamente correto se você já decidiu se mudar.
Você diz Je vais aller. Parece um pouco redundante para quem fala inglês, mas em francês, é a forma padrão e correta de expressar movimento futuro.
Futuro é para coisas que VÃO acontecer (Eu irei). Condicional é para coisas que ACONTECERIAM sob certas condições ou por polidez (Eu iria). Por exemplo: 'J'irai' (Eu irei) vs 'J'irais' (Eu iria).
Eles são EXATAMENTE os mesmos finais do imperfeito! Se você sabe 'Je parlais' (Eu falava), já sabe o final de 'Je parlerais' (Eu falaria).
As terminações são iguais, mas a 'base' (o começo da palavra) muda muito do infinitivo. Por exemplo, 'aller' não usa 'all-', usa 'ir-'. "J'irais".
Sim! É muito comum. 'Je voudrais manger' (Eu gostaria de comer). O segundo verbo fica no infinitivo.