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B1 noun #5,500 mais comum 8 min de leitura

アレルギー

arerugii Top 5,500

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アレルギー em 30 segundos

Allergy means your body reacts badly to harmless things like pollen or food.
It's an immune system overreaction causing symptoms like sneezing or rashes.
Commonly used in medical, restaurant, and daily conversations.
Specific types include food allergy (食物アレルギー) and pollen allergy (花粉アレルギー).

Meaning: An allergy is a medical condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally and excessively to a substance that is usually harmless, such as pollen, certain foods, or animal dander. This overreaction can cause a range of symptoms, from mild discomfort like sneezing and itching to severe, life-threatening reactions like anaphylaxis.
Usage: The word "アレルギー" (arerugii) is a direct loanword from English "allergy." It is commonly used in everyday conversations, in medical contexts, and in media. People discuss their allergies to explain why they avoid certain foods, environments, or cannot be around certain animals. It's also used when describing symptoms or seeking medical advice. For instance, someone might say they have a "food allergy" (食物アレルギー - shokumotsu arerugii) or a "pollen allergy" (花粉アレルギー - kafun arerugii). The term is widely understood and frequently encountered in Japanese society.

私は猫にアレルギーがあります。

Examples of Use: In a doctor's office: 「何かアレルギーはありますか？」(Nanika arerugii wa arimasu ka? - Do you have any allergies?); Discussing diet: 「このお菓子はピーナッツが入っているので、アレルギーのある人は注意が必要です。」(Kono okashi wa piinattsu ga haitte iru node, arerugii no aru hito wa chūi ga hitsuyō desu. - These sweets contain peanuts, so people with allergies need to be careful.); Describing symptoms: 「春になると、花粉アレルギーで鼻水が止まりません。」(Haru ni naru to, kafun arerugii de hanamizu ga tomarimasen. - When spring comes, my runny nose won't stop due to my pollen allergy.)

彼はダニにアレルギーがある。

Basic Structure: The simplest way to use "アレルギー" is to state that someone has an allergy. This is often done using the pattern 「（人）は～にアレルギーがある」((Hito) wa ~ ni arerugii ga aru), meaning "(Person) has an allergy to ~." The particle "に" (ni) indicates the substance or cause of the allergy.
Expressing Symptoms: You can also use "アレルギー" to describe the cause of symptoms. For example, 「アレルギーでくしゃみが出る」(Arerugii de kushami ga deru), meaning "I'm sneezing due to an allergy." Here, "で" (de) indicates the cause.
Medical Context: In medical settings, doctors might ask, 「アレルギー体質ですか？」(Arerugii taishitsu desu ka?), meaning "Are you prone to allergies?" or "Do you have an allergic constitution?"
Specific Allergies: When referring to a specific type of allergy, you can combine "アレルギー" with the noun describing the allergen. For instance, "pollen allergy" is 花粉アレルギー (kafun arerugii), and "drug allergy" is 薬アレルギー (kusuri arerugii).

私は卵にアレルギーがあるため、卵抜きのケーキを注文しました。

More Sentence Examples: 「子供の頃から、ハウスダストアレルギーで悩んでいます。」(Kodomo no koro kara, hausu dasuto arerugii de nayande imasu. - I've been suffering from a house dust allergy since I was a child.); 「新しい薬を試す前に、医師にアレルギーの有無を伝えました。」(Atarashii kusuri o tamesu mae ni, ishi ni arerugii no umu o tsutaemashita. - Before trying the new medicine, I informed the doctor about the presence or absence of allergies.); 「このレストランでは、アレルギー対応のメニューも用意されています。」(Kono resutoran de wa, arerugii taiō no menyū mo yōi sarete imasu. - This restaurant also offers an allergy-friendly menu.)

喘息はアレルギーの一種と考えられています。

Doctor's Offices and Hospitals: This is perhaps the most common place to hear "アレルギー". When you visit a doctor, especially for respiratory issues, skin problems, or digestive complaints, they will almost certainly ask about your allergies. Phrases like 「アレルギーはありますか？」(Arerugii wa arimasu ka? - Do you have allergies?) or 「何かアレルギー反応を起こしたことはありますか？」(Nanika arerugii hannō o okoshita koto wa arimasu ka? - Have you ever had an allergic reaction?) are standard.
Restaurants and Cafes: With increasing awareness of food allergies, many establishments in Japan now cater to dietary restrictions. You might hear staff asking, 「アレルギーをお持ちですか？」(Arerugii o omochi desu ka? - Do you have any allergies?) or see signs indicating allergy information. It's crucial for diners to communicate any allergies to avoid cross-contamination or adverse reactions. Menus might also list common allergens or have a separate section for allergy-friendly options.
News and Media: Reports on health trends, environmental issues (like pollen counts), or outbreaks of specific illnesses often mention allergies. For instance, during allergy season, news programs will discuss 「花粉アレルギー」(kafun arerugii - pollen allergy) and provide forecasts. Similarly, discussions about food safety or new medical treatments might involve the term.
Everyday Conversations: People frequently discuss their personal experiences with allergies. Friends might share why they can't eat certain foods, why they get itchy in specific environments, or why they need to take medication. For example, someone might say, 「私、そばアレルギーなんだ。」(Watashi, soba arerugii nan da. - I have a buckwheat allergy.) or 「この時期はアレルギーで目が痒くなるんだ。」(Kono jiki wa arerugii de me ga kayuku naru n da. - My eyes get itchy due to allergies around this time of year.)

ニュースで、今年の春は花粉アレルギーがひどくなるだろうと言っていた。

Pet Ownership: Discussions about pets often involve allergies. People might talk about getting a pet despite having an allergy, or avoiding certain breeds. For example, someone might say, 「犬アレルギーだけど、どうしても飼いたいんだ。」(Inu arerugii dakedo, dōshitemo kaitai n da. - I'm allergic to dogs, but I really want to own one.)
Product Labels and Warnings: Food packaging, cosmetics, and even household products may carry warnings related to allergens. While not always using the full word "アレルギー", the context of ingredients like "may contain nuts" or "hypoallergenic" relates directly to the concept of allergies.

Confusing "Allergy" with "Intolerance": In English, we often distinguish between an allergy (an immune system response) and an intolerance (a digestive issue). While Japanese has specific terms for intolerance (e.g., 不耐症 - futaishō), learners might sometimes use "アレルギー" too broadly to cover any adverse reaction to food or substances, even if it's not an immune-mediated response. It's important to remember that "アレルギー" specifically refers to an immune system overreaction.
Incorrect Particle Usage: When stating that someone has an allergy to something, the particle "に" (ni) is typically used before "アレルギーがある" (arerugii ga aru). For example, 「私はピーナッツにアレルギーがあります。」(Watashi wa piinattsu ni arerugii ga arimasu.) is correct. Learners might mistakenly use other particles like "を" (o) or forget the particle altogether, leading to grammatically incorrect sentences.
Overusing "アレルギー" for General Sensitivity: While "アレルギー" is a broad term, it's best reserved for actual allergic reactions. If someone is simply sensitive to something (e.g., finds a strong smell unpleasant but doesn't have a physiological reaction), using "アレルギー" might be an overstatement. More nuanced expressions might be needed for less severe sensitivities.
Pronunciation Errors: As a loanword, "アレルギー" is pronounced similarly to its English origin. However, Japanese pronunciation has distinct vowel sounds and rhythm. Learners might mispronounce it by emphasizing the wrong syllables or not clearly articulating the vowels, making it sound unnatural to native speakers.

間違った使い方: 私はこの食べ物が好きじゃない、アレルギーだから。

Forgetting Specificity: While "アレルギー" can be used generally, it's often more precise and helpful to specify the type of allergy. Simply saying "I have an allergy" might not be enough information in many contexts. Adding the allergen, like 「花粉アレルギー」 (kafun arerugii) or 「食物アレルギー」 (shokumotsu arerugii), provides necessary clarity.

アレルギー (Arerugii) vs. 過敏症 (Kabinshō): アレルギー (Arerugii): This is the direct loanword from English "allergy" and is the most common and widely understood term. It specifically refers to an overreaction of the immune system to a usually harmless substance. It's used in both medical and everyday contexts.; 過敏症 (Kabinshō): This term means "hypersensitivity" or "oversensitivity." While it can encompass allergies, it's a broader term. It can refer to a general heightened sensitivity to stimuli, which might not necessarily be an immune system response. For example, someone might have a "light hypersensitivity" (光過敏症 - hikari kabinshō), which isn't typically called an "allergy." In the context of immune responses, "アレルギー" is preferred for its specificity.
アレルギー (Arerugii) vs. 不耐症 (Futaishō): アレルギー (Arerugii): As mentioned, this is an immune system reaction.; 不耐症 (Futaishō): This means "intolerance." It refers to a difficulty in digesting or metabolizing a substance, leading to adverse reactions, but without the involvement of the immune system. The most common example is lactose intolerance (乳糖不耐症 - nyūtō futaishō). If someone has trouble digesting milk but doesn't break out in hives or have anaphylaxis, it's an intolerance, not an allergy. Using "アレルギー" for intolerance is a common mistake.
アレルギー (Arerugii) vs. 忌避 (Kihi): アレルギー (Arerugii): A medical condition involving an immune response.; 忌避 (Kihi): This word means "avoidance" or "shunning." It's a voluntary act of staying away from something. For example, one might "avoid" (忌避する - kihi suru) a certain topic of conversation. While someone with an allergy will naturally avoid the allergen, "忌避" itself doesn't imply a medical condition; it's about deliberate avoidance.
Specific Allergy Terms (Combining with アレルギー): Instead of using a general term, Japanese often uses specific compound nouns with "アレルギー" to denote the cause:; - 花粉アレルギー (Kafun arerugii): Pollen allergy; - 食物アレルギー (Shokumotsu arerugii): Food allergy; - 薬アレルギー (Kusuri arerugii): Drug allergy; - ダニアレルギー (Dani arerugii): Dust mite allergy

この症状はアレルギーによるものか、単なる風邪か判断がつかない。

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The concept of 'allergy' as a specific medical condition is relatively modern. Before the term was coined, people experienced similar symptoms but lacked a scientific explanation. The idea of the body reacting 'differently' or 'in an altered way' to common substances was a significant breakthrough in understanding these reactions.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /ælərdʒi/

US /ˈælərɡi/

The stress is on the first syllable: A-ler-gy (ア-レ-ル-ギ-ー).

Rima com

energy synergy liturgy apology theology biology geology psychology sociology technology

Erros comuns

Pronouncing the 'r' sound too strongly, as Japanese 'r' is often a flap sound.
Adding an extra vowel sound at the end, making it too long.
Misplacing stress, which can make it sound unnatural.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

The word itself is a loanword and easily recognizable. Understanding its meaning and common collocations is straightforward. Difficulties might arise with complex medical jargon or nuanced discussions about immunology.

Escrita 3/5

Expressão oral 3/5

Audição 3/5

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

体 (karada) - body 病気 (byōki) - illness 薬 (kusuri) - medicine 食べ物 (tabemono) - food 原因 (gen'in) - cause 反応 (hannō) - reaction 症状 (shōjō) - symptom

Aprenda a seguir

免疫 (men'eki) - immunity 抗体 (kōtai) - antibody 抗原 (kōgen) - antigen 過敏症 (kabinshō) - hypersensitivity 不耐症 (futaishō) - intolerance アナフィラキシー (anafirakushī) - anaphylaxis

Avançado

免疫学 (men'ekigaku) - immunology アレルギー科 (arerugii ka) - allergy department (in a hospital) アレルゲン (arerugen) - allergen アレルゲン免疫療法 (arerugen men'eki ryōhō) - allergen immunotherapy

Gramática essencial

Using the particle に (ni) to indicate the object of an allergy.

私はピーナッツにアレルギーがあります。(Watashi wa piinattsu ni arerugii ga arimasu.) - I have a peanut allergy.

Using ～ので (node) or ～から (kara) to express the reason for something due to an allergy.

花粉アレルギーなので、春は外に出るのが怖いです。(Kafun arerugii na node, haru wa soto ni deru no ga kowai desu.) - Because I have a pollen allergy, I'm afraid to go outside in spring.

Using the passive form ～を起こす (o okosu) or ～が出る (ga deru) to describe an allergic reaction.

この虫に刺されると、アレルギー反応が出ます。(Kono mushi ni sasareru to, arerugii hannō ga demasu.) - When bitten by this insect, an allergic reaction occurs.

Using ～体質 (taishitsu) to describe a person's predisposition.

彼女は生まれつきアレルギー体質です。(Kanojo wa umaretsuki arerugii taishitsu desu.) - She has been allergic constitutionally since birth.

Forming compound nouns with アレルギー, like 食物アレルギー (shokumotsu arerugii).

食物アレルギーの子供のために、特別な弁当を用意しました。(Shokumotsu arerugii no kodomo no tame ni, tokubetsu na bentō o yōi shimashita.) - A special bento was prepared for the child with a food allergy.

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Exemplos por nível

これはアレルギーですか？

Is this an allergy?

Simple question structure.

猫アレルギーです。

I have a cat allergy.

Stating a condition directly.

食べ物アレルギー。

Food allergy.

Noun phrase.

くしゃみが出ます。

I am sneezing.

Describing a symptom.

アレルギーは大丈夫です。

Allergies are okay (I don't have any).

Expressing no issues.

薬アレルギー。

Drug allergy.

Noun phrase.

大丈夫です。

It's okay / I'm fine.

Simple affirmation.

これは何ですか？

What is this?

Basic question.

私は花粉アレルギーがあります。

I have a pollen allergy.

Using ～があります (ga arimasu) to state possession of a condition.

この食べ物はアレルギーの原因になりますか？

Does this food cause allergies?

Using ～になります (ni narimasu) to indicate cause.

アレルギーの薬をください。

Please give me allergy medicine.

Requesting something related to allergies.

子供の頃からアレルギー体質です。

I've been prone to allergies since childhood.

Using ～体質 (taishitsu) for constitution.

アレルギー反応が出ました。

An allergic reaction occurred.

Using ～反応が出る (hannō ga deru) for reaction.

アレルギー検査をしました。

I had an allergy test.

Using ～検査をする (kensa o suru) for tests.

アレルギーはありません。

I don't have any allergies.

Negating the existence of allergies.

この部屋はアレルギーに良くないです。

This room is not good for allergies.

Describing a situation as bad for allergies.

私はハウスダストにアレルギーがあるので、寝室はいつも清潔に保っています。

Since I have a dust mite allergy, I always keep my bedroom clean.

Using ～ので (node) for reason, and ～ている (te iru) for ongoing state.

新しい薬を処方されましたが、アレルギー体質なので少し心配です。

I was prescribed a new medicine, but I'm a bit worried because I have an allergic constitution.

Using ～ので (node) for reason and ～心配です (shinpai desu) for worry.

レストランで注文する際は、店員さんにアレルギーについて詳しく伝えました。

When ordering at the restaurant, I explained my allergies in detail to the staff.

Using ～際 (sai) for 'when', and ～伝える (tsutaeru) for 'to convey'.

最近、金属アレルギーが悪化して、指輪がつけられなくなりました。

Recently, my metal allergy has worsened, and I can no longer wear rings.

Using ～悪化する (akka suru) for 'to worsen', and ～られなくなる (rarenaku naru) for inability.

医師は、私の症状がアレルギー反応によるものだと診断しました。

The doctor diagnosed my symptoms as being caused by an allergic reaction.

Using ～によるものだ (ni yoru mono da) for 'caused by'.

子供の食物アレルギーについて、学校と連携して対策を講じています。

Regarding my child's food allergies, we are taking measures in cooperation with the school.

Using ～について (ni tsuite) for 'regarding', and ～連携して (renkei shite) for 'in cooperation'.

アレルギー性鼻炎の症状がひどいため、点鼻薬を使用しています。

Because my allergic rhinitis symptoms are severe, I am using nasal spray.

Using ～ため (tame) for reason, and ～使用しています (shiyō shite imasu) for 'using'.

アレルギー検査の結果、特定の食品に対する抗体が検出されました。

As a result of the allergy test, antibodies to specific foods were detected.

Using ～結果 (kekka) for 'result', and ～検出される (kenshutsu sareru) for 'to be detected'.

近年、環境の変化や食生活の多様化に伴い、アレルギー疾患を持つ人が増加傾向にあると言われています。

In recent years, it is said that the number of people with allergic diseases is on the rise, accompanying environmental changes and diversification of dietary habits.

Using ～に伴い (ni tomonai) for 'accompanying', and ～増加傾向にある (zōka keikō ni aru) for 'on the rise'.

アレルギー反応は、体内の免疫システムが特定の物質を異物と誤認することによって引き起こされます。

Allergic reactions are triggered by the body's immune system mistakenly identifying certain substances as foreign.

Using ～ことによって (koto ni yotte) for 'by means of', and passive form ～引き起こされます (hikiokosaremasu) for 'is triggered'.

食物アレルギーに関しては、重篤なアナフィラキシーショックを引き起こす可能性があるため、細心の注意が必要です。

Regarding food allergies, meticulous attention is required because there is a possibility of causing severe anaphylactic shock.

Using ～に関しては (ni kanshite wa) for 'regarding', and ～可能性がある (kanōsei ga aru) for 'possibility'.

アレルギー性皮膚炎の症状緩和のため、ステロイド外用薬の処方が検討されました。

For the relief of symptoms of allergic dermatitis, the prescription of topical steroids was considered.

Using ～緩和のため (kanwa no tame) for 'for relief', and passive form ～検討されました (kentō saremashita) for 'was considered'.

ダニやハウスダストに対するアレルギーは、日本においては比較的一般的なアレルギー疾患の一つです。

Allergies to dust mites and house dust are among the relatively common allergic diseases in Japan.

Using ～においては (ni oite wa) for 'in/at', and ～の一つです (no hitotsu desu) for 'one of'.

アレルギー体質の人でも安心して食べられるように、アレルゲン表示の徹底が求められています。

Thorough allergen labeling is being called for so that even people with allergic constitutions can eat with peace of mind.

Using ～ように (yō ni) for 'so that', and ～徹底が求められています (tettei ga motomerarete imasu) for 'thoroughness is being called for'.

アレルギーの原因物質を特定するため、パッチテストや血液検査などの診断法が用いられます。

Diagnostic methods such as patch tests and blood tests are used to identify the causative substances of allergies.

Using ～ため (tame) for purpose, and ～用いられます (mochiiraremasu) for passive 'is used'.

アレルギー性疾患の予防には、早期からの生活習慣の見直しが重要であると指摘されています。

It is pointed out that reviewing lifestyle habits from an early stage is important for the prevention of allergic diseases.

Using ～予防には (yobō ni wa) for 'for prevention', and ～指摘されています (shiteki sarete imasu) for 'is pointed out'.

アレルギー反応のメカニズムは複雑であり、個々人の免疫応答の差異によって症状の現れ方も大きく異なります。

The mechanism of allergic reactions is complex, and the way symptoms manifest varies greatly depending on individual differences in immune response.

Using ～であり (de ari) for connecting clauses, and ～現れ方 (arawarekata) for 'way of appearing'.

環境アレルゲンへの曝露を最小限に抑えることは、アレルギー症状の管理において不可欠な要素と言えるでしょう。

Minimizing exposure to environmental allergens can be said to be an indispensable element in managing allergic symptoms.

Using ～において (ni oite) for 'in/at', and ～不可欠な要素 (fukaketsu na yōso) for 'indispensable element'.

近年注目されている免疫療法は、アレルギー体質そのものの改善を目指す治療法として期待されています。

Immunotherapy, which has been gaining attention in recent years, is expected as a treatment method aiming to improve allergic constitution itself.

Using ～として (toshite) for 'as', and ～目指す (mezasu) for 'to aim'.

アレルギー疾患の診断においては、問診、皮膚テスト、血液検査などを総合的に評価することが重要となります。

In the diagnosis of allergic diseases, it is important to comprehensively evaluate medical history, skin tests, blood tests, etc.

Using ～においては (ni oite wa) for 'in/at', and ～総合的に評価する (sōgōteki ni hyōka suru) for 'to comprehensively evaluate'.

アレルギー物質に対する過剰な免疫応答を抑制するため、抗ヒスタミン薬やステロイド薬などが処方されます。

To suppress the excessive immune response to allergenic substances, antihistamines and steroid drugs, etc., are prescribed.

Using ～ため (tame) for 'in order to', and passive form ～処方されます (shohō saremasu) for 'are prescribed'.

アレルギー体質は遺伝的要因と環境要因が複雑に絡み合って発現すると考えられており、その解明が急がれています。

Allergic constitution is thought to manifest through a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, and its elucidation is being urgently pursued.

Using ～絡み合って (karami atte) for 'intertwined', and ～解明が急がれています (kaimei ga isogarete imasu) for 'elucidation is being urgently pursued'.

アレルギー性鼻炎の治療においては、対症療法だけでなく、アレルゲン免疫療法も選択肢の一つとして考慮されるべきです。

In the treatment of allergic rhinitis, not only symptomatic treatment but also allergen immunotherapy should be considered as one of the options.

Using ～だけでなく (dake de naku) for 'not only', and ～考慮されるべきです (kōryo sareru beki desu) for 'should be considered'.

食品表示におけるアレルゲン情報の正確性と網羅性は、アレルギーを持つ消費者の安全確保に不可欠です。

The accuracy and comprehensiveness of allergen information in food labeling are essential for ensuring the safety of consumers with allergies.

Using ～における (ni okeru) for 'in/regarding', and ～網羅性 (mōrosei) for 'comprehensiveness'.

アレルギー疾患の発症機序には、遺伝的素因に加え、環境因子、微生物叢、さらにはエピジェネティックな修飾などが複雑に関与していると推察される。

It is inferred that the pathogenesis of allergic diseases involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, the microbiome, and even epigenetic modifications.

Using ～に加え (ni kuwae) for 'in addition to', and ～推察される (suisatsu sareru) for 'is inferred'.

アレルゲン特異的免疫療法の進展は、従来の対症療法のみでは困難であったアレルギー疾患の根治を目指す上で、画期的な一歩となりうる。

The advancement of allergen-specific immunotherapy can be a groundbreaking step towards aiming for the complete cure of allergic diseases, which was difficult with only conventional symptomatic treatments.

Using ～目指す上で (mezasu ue de) for 'in aiming for', and ～画期的な一歩 (kakkiteki na ippo) for 'groundbreaking step'.

アレルギー反応を惹起する免疫細胞の活性化経路を分子レベルで詳細に解析することにより、新たな治療標的の同定が期待される。

By analyzing the activation pathways of immune cells that induce allergic reactions at the molecular level, the identification of new therapeutic targets is expected.

Using ～することにより (suru koto ni yori) for 'by doing', and ～同定が期待される (dōtei ga kitai sareru) for 'identification is expected'.

アレルギー疾患の予防戦略においては、一次予防（発症予防）から二次予防（早期発見・早期治療）、三次予防（重症化予防・合併症管理）に至るまで、多角的なアプローチが求められる。

In the prevention strategy for allergic diseases, a multifaceted approach is required, ranging from primary prevention (prevention of onset) to secondary prevention (early detection and treatment), and tertiary prevention (prevention of severe progression and complication management).

Using ～に至るまで (ni itaru made) for 'up to/ranging from', and ～多角的なアプローチ (takakuteki na apurōchi) for 'multifaceted approach'.

マイクロバイオームの研究は、アレルギー発症における腸内細菌叢の役割を解明し、プロバイオティクスを用いた新たな予防・治療法の開発に繋がる可能性を秘めている。

Research on the microbiome holds the potential to elucidate the role of gut microbiota in the onset of allergies and lead to the development of new preventive and therapeutic methods using probiotics.

Using ～役割を解明し (yakuwari o kaimei shi) for 'elucidating the role', and ～可能性を秘めている (kanōsei o himete iru) for 'holds the potential'.

アレルギー反応におけるマスト細胞の脱顆粒プロセスは、ヒスタミンなどの炎症メディエーターの放出を伴い、アレルギー症状の即時発現に寄与する。

The degranulation process of mast cells in allergic reactions involves the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine, contributing to the immediate onset of allergic symptoms.

Using ～に伴い (ni tomonai) for 'involving', and ～寄与する (kijo suru) for 'to contribute'.

アレルギー疾患の疫学調査からは、遺伝的背景と環境暴露との相互作用が、集団におけるアレルギー発症率に影響を与えていることが示唆されている。

Epidemiological studies on allergic diseases suggest that the interaction between genetic background and environmental exposure influences the incidence of allergies in the population.

Using ～からは (kara wa) for 'from', and ～示唆されている (shisa sarete iru) for 'is suggested'.

アレルギー免疫療法における減感作メカニズムの分子基盤の解明は、より安全で効果的なアレルゲン負荷療法の開発に不可欠な課題である。

Elucidating the molecular basis of the desensitization mechanism in allergen immunotherapy is an essential task for the development of safer and more effective allergen immunotherapy.

Using ～の解明は (no kaimei wa) for 'elucidation of', and ～不可欠な課題 (fukaketsu na kadai) for 'essential task'.

Colocações comuns

食物アレルギー

花粉アレルギー

アレルギー反応

アレルギー体質

アレルギー検査

アレルギー症状

アレルギー物質

アレルギー疾患

アレルギー性鼻炎

アレルギーを起こす

Frases Comuns

～にアレルギーがある

— To have an allergy to something. This is the most common way to state you have an allergy.

私はピーナッツにアレルギーがあります。 (Watashi wa piinattsu ni arerugii ga arimasu. - I have a peanut allergy.)

アレルギー体質です

— I have an allergic constitution / I am prone to allergies.

子供の頃からアレルギー体質です。 (Kodomo no koro kara arerugii taishitsu desu. - I've been prone to allergies since childhood.)

アレルギー反応が出た

— An allergic reaction occurred / I had an allergic reaction.

昨日、初めてアレルギー反応が出ました。 (Kinō, hajimete arerugii hannō ga demashita. - Yesterday, I had an allergic reaction for the first time.)

アレルギー症状がひどい

— My allergic symptoms are severe.

春になるとアレルギー症状がひどくなります。 (Haru ni naru to arerugii shōjō ga hidoku narimasu. - My allergic symptoms become severe when spring arrives.)

アレルギー検査を受ける

— To undergo an allergy test.

原因を調べるために、アレルギー検査を受けました。 (Gen'in o shiraberu tame ni, arerugii kensa o ukemashita. - I underwent an allergy test to find out the cause.)

アレルギー対応のメニュー

— An allergy-friendly menu.

このレストランにはアレルギー対応のメニューがありますか？ (Kono resutoran ni wa arerugii taiō no menyū ga arimasu ka? - Does this restaurant have an allergy-friendly menu?)

アレルギーを起こしやすい

— To be prone to allergies / easily cause allergies.

この食べ物はアレルギーを起こしやすいので、注意が必要です。 (Kono tabemono wa arerugii o okoshiyasui node, chūi ga hitsuyō desu. - This food is prone to causing allergies, so caution is needed.)

アレルギー性疾患

— Allergic disease.

アレルギー性疾患の患者数は年々増加しています。 (Arerugii sei shikkan no kanja sū wa nen'nen zōka shite imasu. - The number of patients with allergic diseases is increasing year by year.)

アレルギーの薬

— Allergy medicine.

アレルギーの薬を飲んだら、眠くなりました。 (Arerugii no kusuri o nonda ra, nemuku narimashita. - I became sleepy after taking allergy medicine.)

アレルギーを避ける

— To avoid allergens.

アレルギーを避けるために、自宅で料理をすることが多いです。 (Arerugii o sakeru tame ni, jitaku de ryōri o suru koto ga ōi desu. - I often cook at home to avoid allergens.)

Frequentemente confundido com

アレルギー vs 不耐症 (futaishō)

While both involve adverse reactions to substances, allergies are immune system responses, whereas intolerances are typically digestive issues. For example, lactose intolerance is '乳糖不耐症' (nyūtō futaishō), not an 'allergy'.

アレルギー vs 過敏症 (kabinshō)

This means hypersensitivity and is a broader term. Allergies are a specific type of hypersensitivity, but not all hypersensitivity is an allergy.

アレルギー vs 嫌い (kirai)

This simply means 'dislike.' An allergy is a medical condition, not just a personal preference.

Expressões idiomáticas

"アレルギー反応を起こす"

— To have an allergic reaction. This is a direct and common phrase.

エビを食べたら、急にアレルギー反応を起こしてしまいました。 (Ebi o tabetara, kyū ni arerugii hannō o okoshite shimaimashita. - After eating shrimp, I suddenly had an allergic reaction.)

Neutral

"アレルギー体質"

— To have an allergic constitution; to be prone to allergies. This describes a person's predisposition.

彼女はアレルギー体質なので、新しい化粧品を使うときはいつも試してからです。 (Kanojo wa arerugii taishitsu na node, atarashii keshōhin o tsukau toki wa itsumo tameshite kara desu. - Since she has an allergic constitution, she always tries new cosmetics before using them.)

Neutral

"アレルギーが原因で"

— Due to an allergy; caused by an allergy. Used to explain the cause of symptoms or a situation.

アレルギーが原因で、肌が赤くなってしまいました。 (Arerugii ga gen'in de, hada ga akaku natte shimaimashita. - My skin turned red due to an allergy.)

Neutral

"アレルギーを避ける生活"

— A life of avoiding allergens. Describes a lifestyle dictated by allergies.

アレルギーを避ける生活は大変ですが、健康のためには仕方ありません。 (Arerugii o sakeru seikatsu wa taihen desu ga, kenkō no tame ni wa shikata arimasen. - A life of avoiding allergens is tough, but it's unavoidable for my health.)

Neutral

"アレルギー反応が出やすい"

— Prone to having allergic reactions. Emphasizes the likelihood of experiencing a reaction.

彼は体質的にアレルギー反応が出やすいタイプです。 (Kare wa taishitsuteki ni arerugii hannō ga deyasui taipu desu. - He is the type who is constitutionally prone to allergic reactions.)

Neutral

"アレルギー性"

— Allergic; of an allergic nature. Often used as a prefix to describe conditions.

アレルギー性の咳が止まりません。 (Arerugii sei seki ga tomarimasen. - My allergic cough won't stop.)

Neutral

"アレルギーに悩む"

— To suffer from allergies; to be troubled by allergies.

長年アレルギーに悩まされています。 (Naganen arerugii ni nayasarete imasu. - I have been suffering from allergies for many years.)

Neutral

"アレルギーの兆候"

— Signs of an allergy; symptoms of an allergy.

体にアレルギーの兆候が見られたら、すぐに医師に相談してください。 (Karada ni arerugii no chōkō ga miraretara, sugu ni ishi ni sōdan shite kudasai. - If you see signs of an allergy on your body, please consult a doctor immediately.)

Neutral

"アレルギーの有無"

— The presence or absence of allergies.

新しい薬を試す前に、アレルギーの有無を確認してください。 (Atarashii kusuri o tamesu mae ni, arerugii no umu o kakunin shite kudasai. - Before trying the new medicine, please confirm the presence or absence of allergies.)

Neutral

"アレルギーの専門医"

— An allergy specialist; an allergist.

アレルギーの専門医に診てもらうのが一番です。 (Arerugii no senmon'i ni mite morau no ga ichiban desu. - It's best to be examined by an allergy specialist.)

Neutral

Fácil de confundir

アレルギー vs 不耐症 (futaishō)

Both allergies and intolerances result in negative physical reactions after consuming certain substances.

Allergies are immune system responses, potentially severe and life-threatening (like anaphylaxis). Intolerances are typically digestive issues, causing discomfort but not usually involving the immune system. For example, a person with lactose intolerance can digest small amounts of dairy, while someone with a dairy allergy must avoid it completely.

「この牛乳、飲んだらお腹が痛くなるんだ。アレルギーかな？」「それは乳糖不耐症かもしれませんね。アレルギーはもっと重い反応が出ることがあります。」 ("Kono gyūnyū, nonda ra onaka ga itaku naru n da. Arerugii kana?" "Sore wa nyūtō futaishō kamoshiremasen ne. Arerugii wa motto omoi hannō ga deru koto ga arimasu." "I get a stomach ache when I drink this milk. Is it an allergy?" "That might be lactose intolerance. Allergies can cause more severe reactions.")

アレルギー vs 過敏症 (kabinshō)

Both terms describe a heightened sensitivity to certain stimuli.

Allergy (アレルギー) specifically refers to an immune system's overreaction to an allergen. Hypersensitivity (過敏症) is a broader term that can include allergies but also other forms of oversensitivity, such as to light, sound, or certain chemicals, which may not involve the immune system in the same way. For instance, '光過敏症' (hikari kabinshō - light hypersensitivity) is not typically called an 'allergy'.

「この香水、ちょっと鼻がツンとするわ。」「それは香りに過敏だからかもしれませんね。アレルギーとは少し違います。」 ("Kono kōsui, chotto hana ga tsun to suru wa." "Sore wa kaori ni kabin da kara kamoshiremasen ne. Arerugii to wa sukoshi chigaimasu." "This perfume makes my nose sting a bit." "That might be because you're sensitive to scents. It's a bit different from an allergy.")

アレルギー vs 嫌い (kirai)

People might say they have an 'allergy' to something they simply dislike.

'Kirai' means 'dislike' or 'hate' and is a matter of preference. An allergy (アレルギー) is a medical condition where the body reacts negatively and sometimes dangerously to a substance. You can dislike broccoli, but you're allergic to it if it causes hives or breathing difficulties.

「トマト、アレルギーなんだ。」「え、そうなの？それともただ苦手なだけ？」 ("Tomato, arerugii nan da." "E, sō na no? Sore tomo tada nigate na dake?" "I'm allergic to tomatoes." "Oh, really? Or do you just dislike them?")

アレルギー vs 反応 (hannō)

'Hannō' is a general term for 'reaction,' and an allergic reaction is a type of reaction.

Reaction (反応) is a very general term. An allergic reaction (アレルギー反応) is a specific type of reaction involving the immune system. You can have a positive reaction to a movie, but that's not an 'allergy.'

「この薬、体にどんな反応が出ますか？」「アレルギー反応が出ないか、注意して様子を見てください。」 ("Kono kusuri, karada ni donna hannō ga demasu ka?" "Arerugii hannō ga denai ka, chūi shite yōsu o mite kudasai." "What kind of reactions does this medicine have on the body?" "Please watch carefully to see if an allergic reaction occurs.")

アレルギー vs 体質 (taishitsu)

The phrase 'アレルギー体質' (arerugii taishitsu) uses 'taishitsu'.

'Taishitsu' refers to one's constitution or physical makeup. 'Allergic constitution' (アレルギー体質) means being prone to allergies. However, 'taishitsu' itself can refer to other constitutions, like a 'cold constitution' (冷え性 - hieshō) or a 'strong constitution' (頑丈な体質 - ganjō na taishitsu).

「彼はアレルギー体質だから、喘息になりやすいんだ。」「なるほど、体質によって病気になりやすいものがあるんですね。」 ("Kare wa arerugii taishitsu da kara, zensoku ni nariyasui n da." "Naruhodo, taishitsu ni yotte byōki ni nariyasui mono ga aru n desu ne." "Because he has an allergic constitution, he is prone to asthma." "I see, there are illnesses that people are prone to depending on their constitution.")

Padrões de frases

～はアレルギーです。

猫はアレルギーです。 (Neko wa arerugii desu. - I am allergic to cats.)

～にアレルギーがあります。

私は卵にアレルギーがあります。 (Watashi wa tamago ni arerugii ga arimasu. - I have an egg allergy.)

～ので、アレルギー症状が出ます。

花粉が多いので、アレルギー症状が出ます。 (Kafun ga ōi node, arerugii shōjō ga demasu. - Because there is a lot of pollen, allergic symptoms appear.)

アレルギー体質なので、注意しています。

アレルギー体質なので、食事には注意しています。 (Arerugii taishitsu na node, shokuji ni wa chūi shite imasu. - Because I have an allergic constitution, I am careful about my diet.)

～アレルギー反応を引き起こす可能性があります。

この食品はアレルギー反応を引き起こす可能性があります。 (Kono shokuhin wa arerugii hannō o hikiokosu kanōsei ga arimasu. - This food has the potential to cause an allergic reaction.)

アレルギー疾患の患者が増加傾向にあります。

近年、アレルギー疾患の患者が増加傾向にあります。 (Kinnen, arerugii shikkan no kanja ga zōka keikō ni arimasu. - In recent years, the number of patients with allergic diseases is on the rise.)

アレルギー反応のメカニズムは複雑であり、～。

アレルギー反応のメカニズムは複雑であり、個々人の免疫応答の差異によって症状の現れ方も大きく異なります。 (Arerugii hannō no mekanizumu wa fukuzatsu de ari, koko jin no men'eki ōtō no sai ni yotte shōjō no arawarekata mo ōkiku kotonarimasu. - The mechanism of allergic reactions is complex, and the way symptoms manifest varies greatly depending on individual differences in immune response.)

～を最小限に抑えることは、アレルギー症状の管理において不可欠です。

環境アレルゲンへの曝露を最小限に抑えることは、アレルギー症状の管理において不可欠です。 (Kankyō arerugen e no bakuro o saishōgen ni osaeru koto wa, arerugii shōjō no kanri ni oite fukaketsu desu. - Minimizing exposure to environmental allergens is indispensable in managing allergic symptoms.)

Família de palavras

Substantivos

アレルギー (arerugii) - allergy

アレルギー反応 (arerugii hannō) - allergic reaction

アレルギー体質 (arerugii taishitsu) - allergic constitution

アレルギー疾患 (arerugii shikkan) - allergic disease

Verbos

アレルギーを起こす (arerugii o okosu) - to cause an allergy / to have an allergic reaction

Adjetivos

アレルギー性 (arerugii sei) - allergic (as in allergic rhinitis)

Relacionado

過敏 (kabin) - sensitive

免疫 (men'eki) - immunity

反応 (hannō) - reaction

不耐症 (futaishō) - intolerance

抗原 (kōgen) - antigen

抗体 (kōtai) - antibody

Cadastre-se grátis para ver todos os exemplos

Como usar

frequency

High

Erros comuns

Using 'アレルギー' for simple dislikes. → If you dislike something but don't have a physical reaction, use words like '嫌い' (kirai - dislike) or '苦手' (nigate - not good at/dislike).
'アレルギー' refers to a medical condition involving an immune response. Saying 'トマトアレルギー' when you just don't like tomatoes is inaccurate. Use 'トマトが嫌いです' (Tomato ga kirai desu).
Confusing allergy with intolerance. → Use 'アレルギー' for immune system reactions and '不耐症' (futaishō) for digestive issues like lactose intolerance.
An allergy to milk (牛乳アレルギー - gyūnyū arerugii) can cause hives or breathing problems. Lactose intolerance (乳糖不耐症 - nyūtō futaishō) causes digestive upset like bloating or diarrhea but doesn't involve the immune system. The distinction is medically important.
Incorrect particle usage, e.g., 'アレルギーを～'. → The standard pattern is '～にアレルギーがある' (~ ni arerugii ga aru) or '～アレルギー' (~ arerugii).
While 'アレルギーを避ける' (arerugii o sakeru - to avoid allergens) is correct, when stating you *have* an allergy, the particle 'に' is used to link the allergen to the condition. For example, 'ピーナッツにアレルギーがある' (piinattsu ni arerugii ga aru) is correct, not 'ピーナッツアレルギーがある'.
Overgeneralizing the term. → Use 'アレルギー' when referring to a specific immune system overreaction. For general sensitivity, other terms might be more appropriate.
If someone is merely sensitive to a strong smell but doesn't have a physiological allergic reaction, calling it an 'allergy' might be an overstatement. A more general term like '敏感' (binkan - sensitive) might be better.
Ignoring pronunciation nuances. → Pronounce 'アレルギー' with clear Japanese vowels and stress on the first syllable: A-re-ru-gii.
As a loanword, it's easy to pronounce it too much like English. Japanese pronunciation tends to have clearer, shorter vowels and a more even rhythm. Mispronunciation can sometimes hinder understanding.

Dicas

Specify the Allergen

While 'アレルギー' is understood, specifying the cause makes your statement clearer. For example, instead of just saying 'I have an allergy,' say '食物アレルギーがあります' (shokumotsu arerugii ga arimasu - I have a food allergy) or '花粉アレルギーです' (kafun arerugii desu - I have a pollen allergy).

Particle Usage

When stating you have an allergy to something, use the particle 'に' (ni) before the allergen and 'アレルギーがある' (arerugii ga aru). For example: '私は猫にアレルギーがあります' (Watashi wa neko ni arerugii ga arimasu).

Loanword Origin

Remember that 'アレルギー' is a loanword from English 'allergy.' This means its pronunciation and core meaning are very similar, making it easier to remember.

Common in Daily Life

You'll hear 'アレルギー' frequently in conversations about health, food, and environmental conditions, especially during spring due to pollen allergies.

Distinguish from Intolerance

Be aware of the difference between an allergy (アレルギー - immune response) and an intolerance (不耐症 - futaishō - digestive issue). Use the correct term for accurate communication.

Stress the First Syllable

The word 'アレルギー' (arerugii) is stressed on the first syllable: A-re-ru-gii. Ensure you pronounce the vowels clearly.

Use in Sentences

Practice forming sentences like '～にアレルギーがあります' and specific allergy types like '食物アレルギー' to solidify your understanding and usage.

Pollen Allergy (花粉症)

In Japan, '花粉症' (kafunshō) is a very common condition, often considered a type of allergy, especially during spring. Understanding this context is key.

Communicate Clearly

When dining out or in shared spaces, clearly communicate your allergies to ensure your safety and the safety of others.

Visual Association

Imagine a person with a shield protecting them from tiny particles (like pollen or food bits) to remember that 'allergy' is about the body's defense system overreacting.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Al' (like a person's name) who always has an 'ER' (emergency) because of his 'GY'm (gym) class, where he's allergic to the equipment. Al-er-gy = Al's ER GYm.

Associação visual

Imagine a person with a red, itchy rash (representing an allergic reaction) trying to eat a piece of cake, but a big red 'X' is drawn over it, symbolizing a food allergy. Or, picture a flower (pollen) with a shield around it, indicating an 'allergy' to pollen.

Word Web

Allergy Immune system reaction Pollen Food Animal dander Sneezing Itching Rash Medical condition Hypersensitivity Anaphylaxis Treatment Prevention Diagnosis Symptoms Causes

Desafio

Try describing a situation where someone needs to avoid a certain food due to an allergy, using at least three different phrases related to 'allergy' in Japanese.

Origem da palavra

The word "アレルギー" (arerugii) is a direct loanword from the English word "allergy." The English word itself was coined by Austrian pediatrician Clemens von Pirquet in 1906. He derived it from the Greek words 'allos' (meaning 'other' or 'altered') and 'ergon' (meaning 'work' or 'reaction'), suggesting an 'altered reaction' of the body.

Significado original: An altered reaction of the body's immune system.

Indo-European (Greek origin for the English word, which was then borrowed into Japanese)

Contexto cultural

It is important to be respectful and understanding when discussing allergies, as they can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions. Providing accurate information and taking necessary precautions are crucial, especially in shared environments like schools or restaurants.

The term 'allergy' is universally understood in English-speaking countries and is a direct source for the Japanese loanword.

Seasonal pollen allergies (花粉症 - kafunshō) are a major topic in Japan during spring, often discussed in weather forecasts and news. Food allergy awareness has increased, leading to detailed labeling on products and special menus in restaurants. The concept of 'allergic constitution' (アレルギー体質 - arerugii taishitsu) is a common way to describe someone prone to allergies.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Discussing personal health and medical conditions.

～にアレルギーがあります。
アレルギー体質です。
アレルギー反応が出ました。

Ordering food at restaurants or cafes.

アレルギーをお持ちですか？
アレルギー対応のメニューはありますか？
～はアレルギーの原因になりますか？

Talking about environmental factors affecting health, especially during certain seasons.

花粉アレルギーがひどいです。
アレルギー症状が辛いです。

Medical consultations and examinations.

何かアレルギーはありますか？
アレルギー検査を受けたいです。
アレルギーの薬を処方してください。

Product labeling and safety information.

アレルギー物質が含まれています。
アレルギー表示をご確認ください。

Iniciadores de conversa

"Do you have any allergies? (何かアレルギーはありますか？)"

"What are your main allergy symptoms? (主なアレルギー症状は何ですか？)"

"Are you allergic to any specific foods? (特定の食べ物にアレルギーがありますか？)"

"How do you manage your allergies? (アレルギーをどう管理していますか？)"

"Have you ever had a severe allergic reaction? (重いアレルギー反応を起こしたことがありますか？)"

Temas para diário

Describe a time you experienced an allergic reaction. What were the symptoms, and how did you manage it?

If you have allergies, what are the most challenging aspects of living with them? How do you adapt your daily life?

Imagine you are a doctor explaining the concept of allergies to a young child. How would you explain it simply?

What steps do you take to ensure safety when eating out, considering potential allergies?

Reflect on the commonality of allergies in society today. Why do you think so many people develop them?

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

The most common and natural way is to use the pattern "～にアレルギーがあります" (~ ni arerugii ga arimasu). For example, "私はピーナッツにアレルギーがあります" (Watashi wa piinattsu ni arerugii ga arimasu) means "I have a peanut allergy." You can also use the shorter "～アレルギーです" (~ arerugii desu) in informal contexts, like "卵アレルギーです" (Tamago arerugii desu) - "I have an egg allergy."

You can ask "何かアレルギーはありますか？" (Nanika arerugii wa arimasu ka?), which means "Do you have any allergies?" A slightly more polite way, especially in service settings like restaurants, is "アレルギーをお持ちですか？" (Arerugii o omochi desu ka?).

Very common allergies in Japan include food allergies like egg (卵 - tamago), milk (牛乳 - gyūnyū), wheat (小麦 - komugi), and buckwheat (そば - soba). Pollen allergies (花粉アレルギー - kafun arerugii), particularly to cedar (杉 - sugi) and cypress (檜 - hinoki), are widespread, often referred to collectively as 花粉症 (kafunshō). Dust mites (ハウスダスト - hausudasuto) and pet dander (猫 - neko, 犬 - inu) are also common culprits.

Yes, there is. Allergy is "アレルギー" (arerugii), which involves the immune system. Intolerance, especially digestive intolerance, is often referred to as "不耐症" (futaishō). For instance, lactose intolerance is "乳糖不耐症" (nyūtō futaishō). It's important to distinguish between the two, as the medical implications and management differ.

The general term for allergic symptoms is "アレルギー症状" (arerugii shōjō). You can also describe specific symptoms like sneezing (くしゃみ - kushami), itchy eyes (目が痒い - me ga kayui), or a rash (蕁麻疹 - jinmashin or 発疹 - hasshin).

'アレルギー体質' (arerugii taishitsu) literally translates to 'allergic constitution.' It describes a person who is predisposed to developing allergies, meaning they are more likely to have allergic reactions to various substances.

It depends on the context. If you're having a general conversation, 'アレルギー' is fine. However, for clarity, especially in medical settings or when ordering food, it's better to be specific. You can combine 'アレルギー' with the allergen, such as '食物アレルギー' (food allergy), '花粉アレルギー' (pollen allergy), or '金属アレルギー' (metal allergy).

Yes, it can be used metaphorically to express a strong aversion or an inability to tolerate something, similar to how 'allergy' is sometimes used in English. For example, someone might say they have an 'allergy to hard work' (仕事アレルギー - shigoto arerugii), meaning they strongly dislike or avoid it. However, this is informal and metaphorical usage.

Common phrases include 'アレルギーを避ける' (arerugii o sakeru - to avoid allergens), 'アレルギー検査を受ける' (arerugii kensa o ukeru - to get an allergy test), and 'アレルギーの薬を飲む' (arerugii no kusuri o nomu - to take allergy medicine).

Many restaurants now provide allergy information either on their menus, through signage, or by training their staff to answer questions. They might have specific 'allergy-friendly menus' (アレルギー対応メニュー - arerugii taiō menyū) or be able to modify dishes upon request. It's always best to ask directly about your specific allergies.

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