At the A1 level, you usually learn basic ways to say 'no' like '아니요' or '안'. The word '부정하다' is a bit advanced for beginners because it is a formal verb. However, you can think of it as the 'big brother' of '아니라고 말하다' (to say no/it's not). At this stage, you don't need to use it in your own speaking yet, but you might see it in simple reading exercises. Just remember that '부' (bu) often means 'no' in Korean words. If you see '부정', think 'not' or 'no'. It's like the 'un-' or 'dis-' prefix in English words like 'unhappy' or 'disagree'. Focus on recognizing the word when you see it in a sentence about someone saying 'no' to a fact.
At the A2 level, you are starting to use more formal verbs. '부정하다' is useful when you want to describe someone denying something in a story or a report. Instead of just saying 'He said no,' you can say '그는 부정했어요' (He denied it). This makes your Korean sound more professional. You should practice using it with simple objects like '사실' (fact) or '잘못' (mistake). For example, '저는 그 사실을 부정해요' (I deny that fact). You will also start to see the adjective form '부정적인' (negative), which is very common. You can say '부정적인 생각' (negative thoughts). Understanding that these come from the same root will help you expand your vocabulary quickly.
By B1, you should be able to use '부정하다' in more complex sentence structures. You will often use it with nominalized clauses, like '~라는 것을 부정하다' (to deny that...). This allows you to deny whole ideas or events. You should also be aware of the difference between '부정하다' (to deny) and '부인하다' (to deny a charge). B1 learners should also start using adverbs to modify the verb, such as '강력히 부정하다' (to strongly deny). This is a very common phrase in news and formal writing. You might also encounter the passive form '부정되다' (to be denied/negated) in more formal reading materials, especially those dealing with social issues or history.
At the B2 level, '부정하다' becomes an essential tool for academic and professional discussion. You will use it to negate theories, reject hypotheses, or discuss the denial of rights. You should be comfortable using the noun form '부정' in various compound words and philosophical contexts, such as '자기 부정' (self-denial) or '현실 부정' (denial of reality). You should also be able to distinguish between the different Hanja homonyms of '부정하다' (to deny vs. to be corrupt) based on context without hesitation. In debates, you can use '부정하기 어렵다' (It is hard to deny) as a sophisticated way to acknowledge a point while still maintaining your position.
At the C1 level, you are expected to understand the subtle nuances of '부정하다' in legal, philosophical, and literary contexts. You will see it used in complex sentence patterns like '부정할 수 없는 사실' (an undeniable fact) or '전면 부정' (total denial). You should be able to analyze how the word is used in legal documents to refute specific indictments. Furthermore, you should understand the rhetorical use of double negatives involving '부정하다' to emphasize a point. You will also encounter it in historical texts where it might describe the negation of entire ideologies or social systems. Your usage should be precise, choosing '부정하다' over '부인하다' or '반박하다' based on the exact logical relationship you want to convey.
For C2 learners, '부정하다' is a word whose depth you can fully exploit in high-level discourse. You can use it to discuss the 'negation of the negation' in dialectical philosophy or to critique the 'denialism' found in certain political movements. You will understand its use in classical or high-register literature where it might carry archaic or highly specific connotations. At this level, you should be able to effortlessly switch between the verb and its various noun derivatives in a single argument, maintaining perfect formal register. You should also be aware of how the concept of '부정' (negation) functions as a fundamental logical operator in Korean linguistics and computer science terminology.

부정하다 em 30 segundos

  • 부정하다 (bujeong-hada) is a formal verb meaning 'to deny' or 'to negate.'
  • It is commonly used in news, law, and academic writing to refute facts.
  • It can also describe 'negative' attitudes or 'denying' one's own feelings.
  • Be careful not to confuse it with its homonyms meaning 'corrupt' or 'indefinite'.

The Korean verb 부정하다 (bujeong-hada) is a cornerstone of logical discourse and daily communication. Derived from the Hanja characters 否 (no/negate) and 定 (fix/decide), its primary meaning is 'to deny' or 'to negate.' In its most basic sense, it is the act of stating that something is not true, does not exist, or is not the case. This word is essential for anyone moving beyond basic Korean, as it allows you to engage in debates, clarify misunderstandings, and express disagreement with complex ideas. Unlike the simple negative marker '안' (not) or '못' (cannot), 부정하다 carries a more formal and definitive weight, often used when someone is formally denying an accusation or rejecting a theoretical premise.

Formal Denial
This is commonly used in legal or official contexts. If a suspect claims they did not commit a crime, the news will report that they '부정했다'. It implies a conscious effort to refute a claim.
Logical Negation
In mathematics or philosophy, to negate a proposition is to '부정하다'. For example, if you negate the statement 'All apples are red,' you are performing '부정'.
Emotional/Psychological Rejection
Sometimes people deny their feelings or the reality of a painful situation (denial as a defense mechanism). In Korean psychology, this is referred to as '부정'.

그는 자신의 실수를 끝까지 부정했다.

Translation: He denied his mistake until the very end.

It is important to distinguish this verb from its homonyms. While the verb 부정하다 (否定) means to deny, the adjective 부정하다 (不正) means to be corrupt or dishonest. Context is usually sufficient to tell them apart: the verb usually takes an object (marked with 을/를), whereas the adjective describes a person or an act (e.g., 부정행위 - corrupt act). Furthermore, there is 부정하다 (不定), meaning 'indefinite' or 'unfixed,' used in grammar (부정관사 - indefinite article).

사실을 부정하는 것은 아무 도움이 되지 않아요.

Translation: Denying the facts doesn't help at all.

When you use this word, you are essentially drawing a line in the sand. You are saying, 'This is not the truth.' This makes it a very powerful tool in academic writing and professional debates. If you are writing an essay in Korean and want to argue against a common theory, you would start by '부정하며' (denying/negating) that theory's validity. It provides a formal structure to your disagreement that simpler words cannot provide.

그녀는 그 소문이 사실이 아님을 강력히 부정했습니다.

Translation: She strongly denied that the rumor was true.
Register and Nuance
While '아니라고 하다' (to say it is not) is common in speech, '부정하다' is the preferred term in written reports, news, and formal speeches. It sounds more objective and serious.

Using 부정하다 correctly requires understanding its grammatical placement. As a transitive verb, it almost always requires an object—the thing being denied. This object is typically a noun or a nominalized phrase. Common objects include 사실 (fact), 현실 (reality), 가치 (value), or 혐의 (allegation/suspicion). Because it is a '하다' verb, it follows standard conjugation patterns for both formal and informal speech, though it is rarely used in very casual 'banmal' unless in a serious context.

과거를 부정하면 미래로 나아갈 수 없습니다.

Translation: If you deny the past, you cannot move forward into the future.

One of the most common grammatical patterns involving this word is ~라는 사실을 부정하다 (to deny the fact that...). This is used to deny complex statements. For example, if you want to say 'He denied the fact that he was there,' you would say '그는 그곳에 있었다는 사실을 부정했다.' Another common pattern is ~임을 부정하다 (to deny being...). This is used for identities or states of being, such as '그는 자신이 범인임을 부정했다' (He denied being the culprit).

Adverbial Pairings
To add emphasis, 부정하다 is often paired with adverbs like 강력히 (strongly), 전면 (entirely/completely), or 단호하게 (flatly/resolutely). These combinations are very common in Korean media headlines.

그 회사는 오염 혐의를 전면 부정하고 있습니다.

Translation: The company is completely denying the pollution allegations.

In academic contexts, you might see the passive or noun form more frequently. 부정되다 (to be denied/negated) describes a situation where a theory or a right is being nullified. For example, '인권이 부정되는 상황' (a situation where human rights are denied). The noun form 부정 is also used in compound nouns like 자기 부정 (self-denial) or 부정적 (negative - as in 'negative outlook').

아무리 부정해도 결과는 바뀌지 않습니다.

Translation: No matter how much you deny it, the result does not change.
Common Collocations
  • 존재를 부정하다 (to deny the existence)
  • 가능성을 부정하다 (to deny the possibility)
  • 관련성을 부정하다 (to deny any connection)

You will encounter 부정하다 in a variety of high-stakes environments. One of the most common places is in the nightly news. Whenever a politician, celebrity, or corporate entity is accused of wrongdoing, the report will almost inevitably include the phrase '혐의를 부정하고 있습니다' (is denying the allegations). This standardized phrasing makes it a key vocabulary word for understanding current events in Korea.

피고인은 모든 공소 사실을 부정했습니다.

Translation: The defendant denied all the facts of the indictment.

In the world of Korean dramas (K-Dramas), you'll hear this word during intense confrontations. For instance, when a character is confronted with a secret from their past, they might frantically say, '그걸 부정하는 거야?' (Are you denying that?). It adds a layer of formal gravity to the scene, suggesting that the truth being denied is significant and potentially life-altering. It’s also common in psychological thrillers where characters struggle with 'reality denial.'

Documentaries and Lectures
In educational content, professors use this word to discuss theories. '이 이론은 기존의 학설을 부정하며 등장했습니다' (This theory emerged while negating existing doctrines). It’s a vital word for academic listening comprehension.

우리는 변화의 필요성을 부정할 수 없습니다.

Translation: We cannot deny the need for change.

In business meetings, 부정하다 is used when reviewing data or performance. If a manager presents a report that seems too optimistic, a colleague might '부정적인 의견을 내다' (express a negative opinion) or '데이터의 정확성을 부정하다' (deny the accuracy of the data). While direct confrontation is rare in Korean corporate culture, using this formal verb allows for a professional level of disagreement that focuses on the facts rather than the person.

그의 공헌을 부정하는 사람은 아무도 없었다.

Translation: There was no one who denied his contribution.

Finally, you’ll see it in self-help books and social media posts about mindset. Phrases like '부정적인 생각을 버리세요' (Throw away negative thoughts) are ubiquitous. Here, the adjective form 부정적인 is used to describe a pessimistic outlook. Understanding the verb 부정하다 gives you the root understanding of why 'negative' thoughts are essentially 'denying' or 'negating' positive possibilities.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 부정하다 (否定) with its homonym 부정하다 (不正). The first is a verb meaning 'to deny,' while the second is an adjective meaning 'to be corrupt, dishonest, or illegal.' If you say '그는 부정해요' (He is corrupt), it has a very different meaning than '그는 부정해요' (He denies [something])—though the latter would technically need an object to be grammatically complete in most contexts.

부정한 방법으로 돈을 벌면 안 됩니다.

Note: Here, 부정한 means 'dishonest/corrupt', not 'denied'. This is the adjective form.

Another common error is using 부정하다 when 부인하다 (to deny a charge/fact) would be more natural. While they are often interchangeable, 부인하다 (否認) is specifically used for denying knowledge of or responsibility for something. For example, '혐의를 부인하다' is slightly more common than '혐의를 부정하다,' although both are used. 부정하다 is broader and can be used for abstract concepts like 'denying the meaning of life,' whereas 부인하다 is usually tied to specific facts or accusations.

Confusion with '반대하다'
Learners often use 부정하다 when they mean 'to oppose' (반대하다). To oppose a plan is to be against its implementation; to deny a plan is to say the plan doesn't exist or isn't true. Make sure you are choosing the right word for the context of your disagreement.

그는 자신의 잘못을 부정하며 화를 냈다.

Translation: He got angry while denying his own mistake.

Finally, be careful with the word's negative form. Because 부정하다 already means 'to deny/negate,' saying '부정하지 않다' creates a double negative, meaning 'to not deny' or 'to admit/acknowledge.' This is a common rhetorical device in Korean, similar to 'It's hard to deny that...' (부정하기 어렵다), which is a polite way of saying something is definitely true.

Spelling and Pronunciation
Ensure you don't confuse the spelling with 부정 (父情), which means 'paternal love.' While pronounced similarly, the context of a sentence about family versus a sentence about logic will clarify the meaning immediately.

To truly master Korean, you need to know when to use 부정하다 and when an alternative might be more precise. The Korean language has several words for 'no' or 'rejection,' each with its own specific nuance and register. Understanding these differences will make your Korean sound much more natural and sophisticated.

부정하다 vs. 부인하다 (Deny)
부정하다: Broad use, including logical negation and abstract denial. (e.g., 'Denying the existence of God')
부인하다: Specific use for denying accusations, facts, or responsibility. (e.g., 'Denying the crime')
부정하다 vs. 거절하다 (Reject/Refuse)
부정하다: Saying something is not true.
거절하다: Saying 'no' to an offer, invitation, or request. You don't '부정' a cup of coffee; you '거절' it.
부정하다 vs. 반박하다 (Refute)
부정하다: Simply stating it is not true.
반박하다: Providing arguments or evidence to prove that someone else's statement is wrong.

그의 주장은 논리적으로 부정되었습니다.

Translation: His claim was logically negated/denied.

If you are looking for a more casual way to say someone is denying something, you can use 발뺌하다 (to make an excuse to get out of something) or 오리발을 내밀다 (an idiom meaning to feign innocence). These are much more colorful and common in everyday spoken Korean when someone is obviously lying or trying to avoid blame.

진실을 부인하는 것은 비겁한 행동입니다.

Note: Here 부인하다 is used for a more personal sense of denying truth.

In summary, while 부정하다 is the most versatile word for 'negation' and 'denial,' always consider if 부인하다 (for facts), 거절하다 (for requests), or 반박하다 (for arguments) might be a more precise fit for your specific situation. Mastering these synonyms will give you the nuance needed for high-level Korean proficiency.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The character 否 (bu) looks like a mouth (口) under a bird (不 - originally 'not' or 'flying up'). It symbolizes saying 'no' or 'not'.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /pu.dʑʌŋ.ɦa.da/
US /pu.dʒʌŋ.hɑ.dɑ/
In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but a slight emphasis may fall on the first syllable of the root '부'.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

Requires understanding of Hanja-based vocabulary and formal context.

Escrita 4/5

Needs correct object particles and often nominalized clauses.

Expressão oral 3/5

Common in debates but requires formal tone.

Audição 3/5

Frequent in news; must distinguish from homonyms.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

아니요 (No) 말하다 (To speak) 사실 (Fact) 생각 (Thought) 반대 (Opposite)

Aprenda a seguir

부인하다 (To deny charges) 긍정하다 (To affirm) 반박하다 (To refute) 거부하다 (To reject) 인정하다 (To admit)

Avançado

변증법 (Dialectics) 모순 (Contradiction) 혐의 (Allegation) 정설 (Established theory) 존재론 (Ontology)

Gramática essencial

~ㄴ다는 사실을 부정하다

그가 범인이라는 사실을 부정했다.

~임을 부정하다

자신이 학생임을 부정했다.

~지 않다고 부정하다

그는 슬프지 않다고 부정했다.

부정할 수 없는 + Noun

부정할 수 없는 증거.

부정하기보다 + Verb

부정하기보다 인정하는 것이 좋다.

Exemplos por nível

1

그는 아니라고 부정해요.

He denies it, saying it's not so.

Basic '하다' verb conjugation.

2

사실을 부정하지 마세요.

Don't deny the facts.

-지 마세요 (Don't do...)

3

그녀는 그 소문을 부정했다.

She denied the rumor.

Past tense -했다.

4

이것은 부정할 수 없어요.

You cannot deny this.

-ㄹ 수 없어요 (Cannot do...)

5

그는 자기 잘못을 부정해요.

He denies his own mistake.

Possessive '자기' (self).

6

선생님은 그 이야기를 부정하셨다.

The teacher denied that story.

Honorific -시- inserted.

7

친구는 약속을 부정했어요.

My friend denied the appointment/promise.

Polite ending -했어요.

8

나는 그 사실을 부정하고 싶다.

I want to deny that fact.

-고 싶다 (Want to...)

1

그는 자신이 범인임을 부정했습니다.

He denied that he was the culprit.

~임을 (nominalized clause as object).

2

부정적인 생각은 건강에 나빠요.

Negative thoughts are bad for your health.

Adjective form '부정적인'.

3

그들은 그 소문이 진짜가 아니라고 부정했다.

They denied that the rumor was true.

~라고 부정하다 (indirect quotation + deny).

4

아무리 부정해도 사실은 변하지 않아.

No matter how much you deny it, the truth doesn't change.

아무리 ~해도 (no matter how much...)

5

우리는 변화의 필요성을 부정할 수 없다.

We cannot deny the necessity of change.

Noun + ~의 필요성 (necessity of...)

6

아이들은 자신의 잘못을 부정하곤 해요.

Children often deny their mistakes.

-곤 하다 (to do something habitually).

7

그는 친구의 도움을 부정했다.

He denied (receiving) his friend's help.

Direct object with '을/를'.

8

그 가수는 열애설을 강력히 부정했다.

The singer strongly denied the dating rumors.

Adverb '강력히' (strongly).

1

역사적 사실을 부정하는 것은 위험한 일입니다.

Denying historical facts is a dangerous thing.

~하는 것 (nominalizing the verb phrase).

2

그는 증거가 있음에도 불구하고 혐의를 부정했다.

He denied the charges despite the evidence.

~음에도 불구하고 (despite...)

3

우리는 그 제안의 가치를 부정하지 않습니다.

We do not deny the value of that proposal.

Formal negation with '않습니다'.

4

부정할 수 없는 증거가 발견되었습니다.

Undeniable evidence has been discovered.

Adjective phrase '부정할 수 없는'.

5

그는 자신의 과거를 부정하며 새로운 삶을 살려고 노력했다.

He tried to live a new life while denying his past.

~하며 (while doing...)

6

현실을 부정한다고 해서 문제가 해결되지는 않아요.

Just because you deny reality doesn't mean the problem is solved.

~는다고 해서 (just because...)

7

그 회사는 환경 오염 책임을 전면 부정하고 있다.

The company is completely denying responsibility for environmental pollution.

Progressive form -고 있다.

8

과학자들은 그 이론의 가능성을 부정했다.

Scientists denied the possibility of that theory.

Subject '과학자들' (scientists).

1

인간의 기본권을 부정하는 법은 폐지되어야 한다.

Laws that deny basic human rights must be abolished.

Relative clause modifying '법' (law).

2

그는 자신의 정체성을 부정하는 데서 오는 갈등을 겪고 있다.

He is experiencing conflict arising from denying his identity.

~는 데서 오는 (coming from the act of...)

3

어떤 사람들은 기후 변화를 여전히 부정하고 있습니다.

Some people are still denying climate change.

Adverb '여전히' (still).

4

그의 공헌을 부정하기에는 그의 업적이 너무나 큽니다.

His achievements are too great to deny his contribution.

~하기에는 (in order to... / to be...)

5

진실을 부정하는 것은 결국 자신을 속이는 일입니다.

Denying the truth is ultimately deceiving oneself.

결국 (ultimately).

6

정부는 그 사건과의 관련성을 강력히 부정했다.

The government strongly denied any connection to the incident.

Noun '관련성' (connection/relevance).

7

이것은 기존의 모든 가치관을 부정하는 행위입니다.

This is an act that negates all existing values.

Noun '가치관' (values/worldview).

8

그녀는 슬픔을 부정하려 애썼지만 눈물이 났다.

She tried to deny her sadness, but tears came.

~하려 애쓰다 (to struggle/strive to...)

1

존재론적 차원에서 타자의 존재를 부정하는 것은 불가능하다.

On an ontological level, it is impossible to deny the existence of the Other.

High-level vocabulary like '존재론적' (ontological).

2

그 철학자는 이성의 절대성을 부정하며 감각의 중요성을 강조했다.

The philosopher denied the absoluteness of reason and emphasized the importance of the senses.

Parallel structure with ~하며.

3

피고인의 진술은 앞뒤가 맞지 않아 부정되기 쉽다.

The defendant's statement is inconsistent and thus easy to be negated.

Passive form '부정되다'.

4

민주주의 사회에서 표현의 자유를 부정하는 것은 퇴보를 의미한다.

Denying freedom of expression in a democratic society signifies regression.

Noun '퇴보' (regression).

5

과학적 근거 없이 그 사실을 부정하는 것은 논리적 오류다.

Denying that fact without scientific evidence is a logical fallacy.

Noun '논리적 오류' (logical fallacy).

6

그는 자신의 실패를 부정함으로써 자존심을 지키려 했다.

He tried to protect his pride by denying his failure.

~함으로써 (by doing... / through...)

7

이 이론은 만유인력의 법칙을 전면 부정하는 파격적인 내용을 담고 있다.

This theory contains shocking content that completely negates the law of universal gravitation.

Adjective '파격적인' (unconventional/shocking).

8

아무리 교묘하게 부정해도 진실은 언젠가 드러나기 마련이다.

No matter how cleverly you deny it, the truth is bound to be revealed someday.

~하기 마련이다 (bound to happen).

1

부정의 부정은 긍정이라는 변증법적 논리를 적용해 봅시다.

Let's apply the dialectical logic that the negation of the negation is affirmation.

Noun '부정' used as a logical term.

2

그 작가는 기존 문학의 형식을 부정함으로써 새로운 지평을 열었다.

The writer opened new horizons by negating the forms of existing literature.

Metaphorical use of '지평을 열다' (open horizons).

3

인간 소외의 문제는 현대 사회의 구조적 모순을 부정할 수 없게 만든다.

The problem of human alienation makes it impossible to deny the structural contradictions of modern society.

Double negative structure for emphasis.

4

허무주의는 삶의 모든 객관적 의미를 부정하는 태도에서 비롯된다.

Nihilism stems from an attitude of denying all objective meaning in life.

~에서 비롯되다 (to stem/originate from).

5

국가 권력이 개인의 양심을 부정할 때 저항은 정당화될 수 있는가?

Can resistance be justified when state power negates individual conscience?

Interrogative form with '있는가?'

6

그의 연구는 기존 학계의 정설을 정면으로 부정하는 도전적인 시도였다.

His research was a challenging attempt that directly negated the established theories of the academic world.

Adverbial phrase '정면으로' (directly/head-on).

7

자기 부정의 과정을 거치지 않고서는 진정한 자아 성찰에 도달할 수 없다.

One cannot reach true self-reflection without going through a process of self-negation.

~지 않고서는 (without doing...)

8

역사의 진보를 부정하는 사관은 비판받아 마땅하다.

A historical perspective that denies the progress of history deserves to be criticized.

~받아 마땅하다 (deserve to be...)

Colocações comuns

강력히 부정하다
전면 부정하다
사실을 부정하다
현실을 부정하다
혐의를 부정하다
존재를 부정하다
가치를 부정하다
부정할 수 없는
단호하게 부정하다
일관되게 부정하다

Frases Comuns

부정적인 태도

— A negative attitude. Used to describe someone who lacks optimism.

부정적인 태도는 팀워크를 해칩니다.

자기 부정

— Self-denial or self-negation. Often used in psychological contexts.

자기 부정에 빠지지 마세요.

부정 선거

— A rigged or corrupt election. Note: This uses the 'corrupt' homonym.

부정 선거 의혹이 제기되었다.

부정 행위

— Cheating or dishonest behavior. Note: Also uses the 'corrupt' homonym.

시험 중 부정 행위는 금지됩니다.

부정적 영향

— Negative impact or influence.

기후 변화는 경제에 부정적 영향을 미친다.

부정할 여지가 없다

— There is no room for denial. It is absolutely true.

그의 실력은 부정할 여지가 없다.

부정 논리

— Negative logic (in computing or philosophy).

부정 논리 게이트를 사용하세요.

부정 대명사

— Indefinite pronoun (in grammar). Note: Uses the 'unfixed' homonym.

'누구'는 부정 대명사로 쓰일 수 있다.

부정적인 시각

— A negative perspective or viewpoint.

문제를 너무 부정적인 시각으로 보지 마세요.

전면 부인/부정

— Total denial of all points.

그는 혐의에 대해 전면 부인으로 일관했다.

Frequentemente confundido com

부정하다 vs 부정하다 (不正--)

Adjective meaning corrupt or dishonest. Used as '부정한 행위'.

부정하다 vs 부정하다 (不定--)

Adjective meaning indefinite or uncertain. Used in '부정관사'.

부정하다 vs 부인하다 (否認--)

Verb meaning to deny a fact or charge. More specific than '부정하다'.

Expressões idiomáticas

"오리발을 내밀다"

— To feign innocence or deny something flatly despite being guilty.

잘못을 하고도 오리발을 내밀면 안 돼.

Informal/Idiomatic
"딱 잡아떼다"

— To flatly deny something or feign ignorance.

그는 자기가 한 일을 딱 잡아뗐다.

Informal
"시치미를 떼다"

— To pretend not to know; to play innocent.

모르는 척 시치미를 떼고 있네.

Common
"손바닥으로 하늘을 가리다"

— To try to deny or hide an obvious truth (like covering the sky with a palm).

그건 손바닥으로 하늘을 가리는 격이야.

Proverbial
"발뺌을 하다"

— To make an excuse to slip out of a situation or deny responsibility.

이제 와서 발뺌을 하면 어떡해?

Neutral
"입을 씻다"

— To act as if one hasn't done something (often after taking a benefit).

돈을 받고 입을 씻어버렸어.

Slang-ish
"모른 체하다"

— To pretend not to know (a form of passive denial).

그는 나를 보고도 모른 체했다.

Neutral
"딴전을 피우다"

— To change the subject or act irrelevant to deny involvement.

질문을 하니까 딴전을 피우네.

Neutral
"잡아떼다"

— To insist that one didn't do something; to deny firmly.

끝까지 잡아떼면 어쩔 수 없지.

Colloquial
"아닌 밤중에 홍두깨"

— Something sudden and unexpected (often used when a denial is shocking).

갑자기 부정하다니, 아닌 밤중에 홍두깨네.

Proverbial

Fácil de confundir

부정하다 vs 거부하다

Both involve saying 'no'.

거부하다 is refusing to do or accept something (like a gift); 부정하다 is stating something isn't true.

선물을 거부하다 (Refuse a gift) vs. 사실을 부정하다 (Deny a fact).

부정하다 vs 반대하다

Both express disagreement.

반대하다 is being against a plan/idea; 부정하다 is negating the truth of something.

계획에 반대하다 (Oppose a plan) vs. 계획의 존재를 부정하다 (Deny the existence of a plan).

부정하다 vs 취소하다

Both can mean taking something back.

취소하다 is canceling an action or statement; 부정하다 is denying it was ever true.

예약을 취소하다 (Cancel a reservation).

부정하다 vs 무시하다

Both can involve ignoring something.

무시하다 is to ignore or disregard; 부정하다 is to actively deny.

내 말을 무시하다 (Ignore my words).

부정하다 vs 비판하다

Both are negative responses.

비판하다 is to criticize; 부정하다 is to deny.

정부를 비판하다 (Criticize the government).

Padrões de frases

A2

N을/를 부정하다

사실을 부정하다.

B1

V-ㄴ다는 것을 부정하다

실패했다는 것을 부정하다.

B1

부정할 수 없는 N

부정할 수 없는 증거.

B2

N임을 부정하다

본인임을 부정하다.

B2

강력히 부정하다

혐의를 강력히 부정하다.

C1

N의 존재를 부정하다

신의 존재를 부정하다.

C1

전면 부정하다

보도 내용을 전면 부정하다.

C2

부정의 부정

부정의 부정은 긍정이다.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

부정 (否定) Denial, negation
부정문 (否定文) Negative sentence
부정어 (否定語) Negative word

Verbos

부정되다 To be denied, to be negated

Adjetivos

부정적 (否定的) Negative (outlook/attitude)

Relacionado

긍정하다 (to affirm)
부인하다 (to deny facts)
반대하다 (to oppose)
비판하다 (to criticize)
불인정 (non-recognition)

Como usar

frequency

High in written/media Korean; Medium-high in spoken Korean.

Erros comuns
  • Using '부정하다' to refuse an invitation. 초대를 거절하다.

    '부정하다' is for truth/facts; '거절하다' is for offers/invitations.

  • Saying '그는 부정해요' to mean 'He is denying'. 그는 사실을 부정해요.

    '부정하다' needs an object. Without one, it sounds like the adjective 'He is corrupt'.

  • Confusing '부정' with '부인' (wife). 부인하다 (to deny) vs. 부인 (wife).

    Though spelled the same, the verb '부인하다' is distinct from the noun '부인'.

  • Using '부정하다' instead of '반대하다' for an opinion. 그 의견에 반대합니다.

    '반대하다' means to be against something; '부정하다' means to say it's not true.

  • Incorrect particle: '사실에 부정하다'. 사실을 부정하다.

    '부정하다' is a transitive verb taking the 을/를 particle.

Dicas

Object Particles

Always remember to use 을 or 를 with the noun you are denying. For example, '사실을 부정하다' (deny the fact).

Learn the Opposite

Learning '긍정하다' (to affirm) alongside '부정하다' will help you remember both words more easily as they are perfect opposites.

Watch the News

Korean news is the best place to hear this word. Reporters use it constantly when discussing legal cases or political scandals.

Don't Overuse

In casual settings, '부정하다' can sound a bit stiff. Use '아니라고 말하다' for everyday disagreements to sound more natural.

Hanja Roots

Knowing that '부' means 'no' will help you understand dozens of other Korean words like '불가능' (impossible) or '부동' (immobile).

Adverb Pairings

To sound like a native, pair it with '강력히' (strongly). '강력히 부정하다' is one of the most common collocations in the language.

Academic Tone

Use '부정하다' when writing essays to argue against a point. It gives your writing a scholarly and objective tone.

Homonym Alert

If you hear '부정' followed by '선거' (election) or '부패' (corruption), it means 'corrupt', not 'deny'.

Polite Disagreement

Instead of '부정합니다', try '그렇게 생각하지 않습니다' in professional settings to be more polite while still disagreeing.

Self-Reflection

The term '현실 부정' (denial of reality) is a common way to describe someone who refuses to accept a bad situation.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of the 'BU' in 'BU-jeong' as 'Booing' something you don't like or don't believe. When you boo something, you are denying its value!

Associação visual

Imagine a judge hitting a gavel and saying 'Denied!' The word '부정하다' is that gavel strike.

Word Web

부정 (Denial) 부정적 (Negative) 부정문 (Negative sentence) 부정하다 (To deny) 부인하다 (To deny facts) 긍정하다 (To affirm) 부정되다 (To be denied) 부정어 (Negative particle)

Desafio

Try to write three things you '부정' (deny) about yourself, then three things you '긍정' (affirm). For example: '나는 게으름을 부정한다' (I deny laziness).

Origem da palavra

Derived from Sino-Korean (Hanja). '부' (否) means 'no' or 'to negate,' and '정' (定) means 'to decide' or 'to fix.' Together, it means 'to decide as no.'

Significado original: To negate a fixed proposition or state that something is not established.

Sino-Korean

Contexto cultural

Be careful when using the adjective form '부정하다' (corrupt) as it is a serious insult. Ensure you use the verb form with an object to stay safe.

In English, 'deny' can be both personal ('He denied me the chance') and factual ('He denied the rumor'). In Korean, '부정하다' is mostly for the factual/logical sense.

The 'Negation of the Negation' in Hegelian philosophy (부정의 부정). K-Drama 'The Penthouse' where characters frequently deny (부정) their crimes. Korean news reports on '부정 선거' (Rigged Elections) - a historical hot topic.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Legal/Crime

  • 혐의를 부정하다
  • 범행을 부정하다
  • 관련성을 부정하다
  • 진술을 부정하다

Academic/Debate

  • 이론을 부정하다
  • 가설을 부정하다
  • 가능성을 부정하다
  • 근거를 부정하다

Psychology/Self

  • 현실을 부정하다
  • 감정을 부정하다
  • 자아를 부정하다
  • 과거를 부정하다

Social Issues

  • 차별을 부정하다
  • 권리를 부정하다
  • 평등을 부정하다
  • 역사를 부정하다

Daily Life

  • 잘못을 부정하다
  • 소문을 부정하다
  • 약속을 부정하다
  • 사실을 부정하다

Iniciadores de conversa

"그 소문 들었어요? 사실이 아니라고 부정하던데."

"우리가 이 사실을 부정할 수 있을까요?"

"왜 그렇게 부정적으로만 생각하세요?"

"그 이론에 대해 부정적인 의견이 많아요."

"자신의 잘못을 부정하는 사람에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

Temas para diário

내가 과거에 부정하고 싶었던 사실은 무엇인가요?

부정적인 생각을 긍정적인 생각으로 바꾸는 나만의 방법은?

누군가 나의 노력을 부정했을 때 어떤 기분이 들었나요?

현대 사회에서 사람들이 가장 많이 부정하는 현실은 무엇일까요?

부정할 수 없는 나만의 진실 한 가지를 적어보세요.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

Yes, but it sounds a bit formal. In casual talk with friends, people usually say '아니라고 하다' or '발뺌하다' if someone is lying. You'd use '부정하다' when talking about serious topics like news or debate.

'부인하다' (否認) is mostly used for denying specific facts, accusations, or responsibilities (like in a crime). '부정하다' (否定) is broader and can be used for abstract concepts, logical negation, and attitudes.

Yes, but with different Hanja. As an adjective, it means 'corrupt' (不正) or 'indefinite' (不定). The verb meaning 'to deny' is always a '하다' verb and usually takes an object.

You use the adjective form: '부정적인 생각'. This comes from the same '부정' root.

It is a standard formal verb. However, directly denying someone can be perceived as blunt in Korean culture. Using '부정하기 어렵다' (It's hard to deny) is a softer way to use it.

In Sino-Korean words, the prefix '부' (or '불') often means 'not' or 'no'. So '부정' generally carries a negative meaning.

No. To refuse a gift or a request, use '거절하다' or '거부하다'. '부정하다' is only for denying truth or existence.

It means 'self-denial'. It can refer to the psychological act of denying one's own worth, or the philosophical act of negating the ego.

It conjugates as '부정했다' (informal/neutral) or '부정했습니다' (formal).

It is a 'negative sentence' in grammar, like sentences containing '안', '못', or '아니요'.

Teste-se 180 perguntas

writing

Write a sentence: 'He denied the rumor.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'Don't think negatively.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence using '강력히 부정하다'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'It is an undeniable fact.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence: 'I deny that fact.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'She denied being the culprit.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence using '현실 부정'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'They are denying the possibility.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence: 'No one denied his effort.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'The theory was negated.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a short paragraph (2 sentences) about a politician denying charges.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'Self-denial leads to unhappiness.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence using '전면 부정'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'The past cannot be denied.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Why do you deny the truth?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'He has a negative attitude.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence using '부정문'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'Logic requires negation.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Write a sentence: 'I don't want to deny my feelings.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
writing

Translate: 'The company denied responsibility.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 부정하다

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 부정적인 생각

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 강력히 부정하다

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 전면 부정

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 부정할 수 없는 사실

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'I deny the charges' in formal Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'Don't deny the truth' in polite Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'He is a negative person' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'It is hard to deny' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'I want to deny the past' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 부정문

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 현실 부정

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'I completely deny it' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'Stop thinking negatively' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'He denied my help' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 긍정과 부정

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'The rumor was denied' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'No one can deny this' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Say 'He denied his mistake' in Korean.

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
speaking

Pronounce: 부정적 영향

Read this aloud:

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen and identify the word: '부정하다' vs '인정하다'.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '그는 혐의를 강력히 부정했습니다.' What did he do?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '부정적인 생각은 그만!' What should stop?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '사실을 부정할 수 없어요.' Can the fact be denied?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '전면 부정으로 일관하고 있다.' Is he changing his story?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '부정문 연습을 합시다.' What are they practicing?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '현실 부정이 심각하네요.' What is serious?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '부정적인 반응이 많아요.' Are people happy?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '그의 업적을 부정할 사람은 없다.' Does everyone respect his work?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '부정 선거 의혹입니다.' What is the suspicion about?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '부정적인 영향을 미칩니다.' Does it have a good impact?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '강력 부정!' What does this mean?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '부정하기 어렵네요.' Is it easy to say no?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '부정적인 사람과는 멀리하세요.' Who should you avoid?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
listening

Listen: '진실을 부정하지 마!' Is this a command?

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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