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A2 adjective 8 min de leitura

흑자이다

heukjaida

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 흑자이다 em 30 segundos

Explicação 흑자이다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the complex economic theories behind 흑자이다. Simply think of it as a way to say 'I have extra money' or 'I made money' in a slightly more formal way. Korean children might not use this word, but as an adult learner, you will see it in basic news headlines or bank apps. The word 흑자 means 'surplus' and 이다 means 'to be.' So, 흑자이다 literally means 'to be a surplus.' You can use it simply: '이번 달은 흑자예요' (This month is a surplus). It's the opposite of 적자 (deficit/losing money). Even at this early stage, knowing this word helps you understand the basic financial health of a situation. Just remember: Black (흑) = Good/Profit, Red (적) = Bad/Loss.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 흑자이다 to describe your personal or small business finances. It is a step up from just saying '돈이 많아요' (I have a lot of money). It specifically describes the relationship between what you earn and what you spend. For example, if you sell a used book for more than you bought it, you can say you are in 흑자. You should also learn the common pattern 흑자를 내다 (to make a surplus). At this level, you might encounter this word in simple news stories about trade or company successes. Try to recognize it in context: if a company is '흑자,' it means they are doing well. It's a useful word for basic conversations about work and money management.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 흑자이다 in more formal settings, such as workplace meetings or discussing the economy. You should understand that 흑자 is a noun that often takes the copula 이다, but can also be used with various verbs like 기록하다 (to record) or 유지하다 (to maintain). You will start to see compound terms like 무역 흑자 (trade surplus) and 재정 흑자 (fiscal surplus). At this stage, you should be able to explain why something is in surplus using connecting particles like -기 때문에 or -어서/아서. For example: '수출이 늘어서 무역 수지가 흑자입니다' (Because exports increased, the trade balance is in surplus).

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance between 흑자이다 and related terms like 이익 (profit) and 순이익 (net profit). You should be able to discuss economic trends using the word. For instance, you might talk about a 흑자 기조 (surplus trend) or 흑자 전환 (turning into a surplus). You should also be able to use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as using it as a modifier: 흑자인 상태 (a state of being in surplus). At this level, you are expected to understand financial news reports that use this term to describe the national economy or global market conditions. You can also use it metaphorically in debates about social policy or environmental costs.

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At the C1 level, you should have a sophisticated grasp of 흑자이다 and be able to use it in professional financial analysis or academic writing. You should be familiar with specific types of surpluses, such as 경상수지 흑자 (current account surplus) or 자본수지 흑자 (capital account surplus). You should also understand the potential negative implications of a massive surplus, such as trade friction with other countries (무역 마찰). Your usage should include advanced collocations like 흑자 폭이 확대되다 (the margin of surplus is widening) or 흑자 행진을 이어가다 (to continue a streak of surpluses). You can use the word to provide deep insights into a company's structural health versus its temporary cash flow.

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At the C2 level, your command of 흑자이다 should be indistinguishable from a native professional in finance or economics. You can use it to discuss complex macroeconomic phenomena, such as the 'Dutch Disease' or the effects of currency manipulation on maintaining a 흑자. You can critically analyze the quality of a surplus—distinguishing between an 'operating surplus' and a 'non-operating surplus.' You should be able to use the term in high-level rhetorical contexts, perhaps using it ironically or metaphorically in literature or socio-political commentary. You understand the historical weight of the term in the context of Korea's rapid economic development and can discuss how the national obsession with being 흑자이다 has shaped modern Korean society and corporate culture.

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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

흑자이다 em 30 segundos

Means 'to be in surplus' (income > expenses).
Derived from 'black ink' used in traditional accounting.
Used for national trade, corporate earnings, and household budgets.
The direct opposite of '적자이다' (to be in a deficit).

The term 흑자이다 (Heuk-ja-i-da) is a cornerstone of financial and economic vocabulary in Korean. At its most basic level, it describes a state where income exceeds expenditures, resulting in a surplus or profit. The word is composed of two Hanja characters: 黑 (Heuk) meaning 'black' and 字 (Ja) meaning 'character' or 'letter.' This mirrors the English accounting idiom 'in the black,' referring to the historical practice of recording profits in black ink and losses in red ink. When you say something is 흑자이다, you are affirming that the entity in question—be it a household, a corporation, or a nation—is financially healthy and gaining more than it is spending.

Economic Context: In macroeconomics, this term is frequently paired with 'trade balance' (무역 수지). A 'trade surplus' is called 무역 흑자. For a country like South Korea, which relies heavily on exports, hearing that the monthly balance is 흑자이다 is a sign of national economic stability.
Corporate Context: When a company reports its quarterly earnings, stakeholders look for the phrase 당기순이익 흑자 (net profit surplus). It indicates that after all taxes and expenses, the company has retained wealth.

올해 우리 회사는 창사 이래 최대 흑자이다.
— "This year, our company is in the largest surplus since its founding."

Beyond the literal financial meaning, 흑자이다 can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe a situation where the benefits outweigh the costs. For instance, if a social project yields more community value than the resources invested, a commentator might describe the outcome as being in the 'black.' However, its primary home remains in the world of ledgers and balance sheets. It is an objective, quantitative descriptor. Unlike 'profitable' (이익이 나다), which focuses on the act of making money, 흑자이다 focuses on the resultant state of the balance sheet.

가계부가 드디어 흑자이다.
— "The household ledger is finally in surplus."

Opposite Term: The direct antonym is 적자이다 (Jeok-ja-i-da), meaning 'to be in the red' or in a deficit. Understanding the binary nature of these two words is essential for any learner of Business Korean.

In summary, 흑자이다 is more than just 'making money.' It is a formal declaration of financial health. It is used in news broadcasts, financial reports, and serious discussions about money management. While an A2 learner might just use it to say they have money left over at the end of the month, a C2 speaker will use it to analyze international trade trends or corporate fiscal policy.

Using 흑자이다 correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical structure. Since it is a combination of the noun 흑자 (surplus) and the copula 이다 (to be), it functions as a descriptive verb (adjective) in Korean sentence structures. You can conjugate it based on the level of formality and the tense required.

Formal Declarative: In news reports or business presentations: "흑자입니다." (It is a surplus.) or "흑자였습니다." (It was a surplus.)
Polite Informal: In daily conversation or friendly office talk: "흑자예요." or "흑자였어요."

지난달에는 지출이 많았지만, 이번 달은 흑자이다.
— "Last month expenses were high, but this month is in surplus."

A common pattern is to use the noun 흑자 with action verbs rather than just the copula. For example, 흑자를 기록하다 (to record a surplus) or 흑자로 돌아서다 (to turn into a surplus). These phrases provide more dynamic movement to the financial state being described.

When discussing trends, you might use 흑자 기조 (surplus trend). This implies that the state of being in the black is not a one-time event but a sustained pattern. For example, "한국의 무역은 오랫동안 흑자 기조를 유지해 왔다" (Korea's trade has maintained a surplus trend for a long time).

정부의 예산 운영이 흑자임을 확인했습니다.
— "We have confirmed that the government's budget operation is in surplus."

In academic or journalistic writing, you will often see 흑자이다 used to conclude a comparative analysis. It serves as the 'verdict' on a financial period. It is rarely used for small, trivial amounts of money (like finding 100 won in your pocket); it almost always implies a formal accounting of income and outgo.

You will encounter 흑자이다 in several specific environments. Understanding these contexts will help you grasp the 'weight' of the word. It is not a word commonly used by children, but rather by adults discussing responsibilities and economic realities.

Evening News & Newspapers: The most common place is the 'Economy' section of the news. Anchors will report on the 'Current Account Surplus' (경상수지 흑자) or 'Trade Surplus' (무역수지 흑자). In these contexts, the word carries a tone of national pride or relief.
Company Meetings: During quarterly reviews, a CEO might announce, "이번 분기도 다행히 흑자입니다" (Fortunately, this quarter is also in surplus). Here, it signifies job security and potential bonuses for employees.

"우리 팀 프로젝트가 드디어 흑자이다!"
— Overheard in a startup office in Gangnam.

In personal life, you might hear this word during serious discussions about household finances. A spouse might say to another, "절약한 덕분에 이번 달 우리 집 가계부도 흑자야" (Thanks to our frugality, our household ledger is in the black this month). It conveys a sense of accomplishment and financial discipline.

Furthermore, in the world of investment and stock trading, analysts use 흑자이다 to justify a 'Buy' recommendation. If a company's balance sheet is 흑자, it is generally considered a safer investment. You will see this word plastered across financial apps like Toss or Kakao Bank when they summarize your spending habits or the performance of stocks in your portfolio.

While 흑자이다 seems straightforward, learners often make subtle errors in its application. The most common mistake is confusing it with other words related to 'profit' or 'benefit'.

Confusing '흑자' with '이익': While they are related, 이익 (I-ik) means 'profit' or 'gain' in a general sense. 흑자 is specifically the state of the balance. You can have a small '이익' but not yet be in a '흑자' state if your total debts or previous losses are still being covered.
Using it for Personal Feelings: In English, you might say "I'm in the black" to mean you feel good or successful. In Korean, 흑자이다 is almost strictly financial. You wouldn't say "내 기분이 흑자이다" to mean you are happy. Instead, use '기분이 좋다' or '보람차다'.

❌ 이번 시험 성적이 흑자이다.
Correct: 이번 시험 성적이 좋다 (The test score is good).

Another mistake involves the particle usage. People sometimes say 흑자를 이다, which is grammatically incorrect. Since 이다 is a copula, it must be attached directly to the noun: 흑자이다. If you want to use an object particle, you must use a verb like 내다 (to produce): 흑자를 내다.

Finally, be careful with the tense. Because 흑자이다 describes a state, using it in the continuous form (흑자이고 있다) is rare and often sounds unnatural. Instead, use the present tense for a current state or the past tense for a completed period. Stick to simple forms like 흑자 상태이다 (to be in a state of surplus) for more descriptive clarity.

To truly master 흑자이다, you should know how it compares to its synonyms and related terms. This allows you to choose the word that fits the specific 'flavor' of the financial situation you are describing.

이익이 나다 (I-ig-i na-da): This is the most common alternative. It literally means 'profit is occurring.' It is less formal than 흑자이다 and can be used for smaller, more casual transactions (like selling a used item on Karrot Market).
수익을 올리다 (Su-ig-eul ol-li-da): This means 'to raise/earn revenue/profit.' It is an active expression, focusing on the effort of the person or company to generate money. 흑자이다 is the passive result of these actions.
남다 (Nam-da): This is the simplest version, meaning 'to remain' or 'to be left over.' "돈이 남았어요" (Money is left over) is what you would say in very casual settings instead of the formal 흑자이다.

장사를 해서 돈이 좀 남았다.
— "I did some business and some money was left over (I made a profit)."

In a technical sense, 흑자 is often contrasted with 적자. But there is also a middle ground: 본전 (Bon-jeon), which means 'breaking even.' If your income exactly equals your expenses, you are at 본전. If you are even one won above that, you are technically in 흑자.

When writing a business report, always prefer 흑자이다 or 흑자를 기록하다. When talking to a friend about a side hustle, 이익이 좀 났어 or 좀 남았어 will sound much more natural. Mastering these levels of formality is the key to sounding like a native speaker.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

In Western accounting, we say 'in the black' for the same reason. It is one of the few financial idioms that translated almost identically across Eastern and Western cultures due to the shared history of physical ledgers.

Guia de pronúncia

UK hɯk̚.t͈͡ɕa.i.da

US hɯk̚.t͈͡ɕa.i.da

Primary stress is on the first syllable 'Heuk'.

Rima com

적자이다 (Jeokjaida) 학자이다 (Hakjaida) 격자이다 (Gyeokjaida) 박자이다 (Bakjaida) 역자이다 (Yeokjaida) 국자이다 (Gukjaida) 복자이다 (Bokjaida) 숙자이다 (Sukjaida)

Erros comuns

Pronouncing 'Heuk' like 'Hook'. It should be a flat 'eu' vowel.
Not tensing the 'J' in 'Ja'. Because of the 'k' batchim, it sounds like 'Heuk-tcha'.
Confusing 'Ja' with 'Cha' (tea/car).
Over-pronouncing the 'k' stop; it should be unreleased.
Merging 'i-da' into 'ida' too quickly without clear vowel distinction.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 2/5

The word itself is simple, but it often appears in complex financial texts.

Escrita 3/5

Requires understanding of the copula '이다' and various business collocations.

Expressão oral 2/5

Pronunciation of 'Heuk' needs practice for non-native speakers.

Audição 2/5

Common in news and business contexts, usually spoken clearly.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

돈 있다 많다 벌다 수입

Aprenda a seguir

적자이다 수지 경상수지 인플레이션 환율

Avançado

낙수 효과 기저 효과 재정 건전성 유동성

Gramática essencial

Noun + 이다 (Copula)

이것은 흑자이다.

Noun + 에 따른 (Resulting from)

흑자에 따른 보너스.

Noun + 로 전환하다 (Convert to)

적자에서 흑자로 전환했다.

Modifier form -ㄴ/은

흑자인 기업이 인기가 많다.

Concessive -임에도 불구하고

흑자임에도 불구하고 걱정이 많다.

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Exemplos por nível

우리 집은 이번 달에 흑자이다.

Our house is in surplus this month.

Noun + 이다 (Present tense, plain style)

용돈이 남아서 흑자예요.

I have allowance left, so it's a surplus.

Polite informal ending -예요

가계부가 흑자입니다.

The household ledger is in surplus.

Formal polite ending -입니다

와! 드디어 흑자다!

Wow! Finally a surplus!

Casual exclamation style -다

지난달은 흑자였어요.

Last month was a surplus.

Past tense polite informal -였어요

이 가게는 항상 흑자이다.

This store is always in surplus.

Adverb '항상' (always) used with the state

적자가 아니라 흑자예요.

It's not a deficit, it's a surplus.

Negative '아니라' used for contrast

조금이지만 흑자이다.

It's a surplus, although a small one.

Particle -이지만 (although)

이번 사업은 확실히 흑자이다.

This business is definitely in surplus.

Adverb '확실히' (definitely) for emphasis

수출 덕분에 무역이 흑자이다.

Thanks to exports, trade is in surplus.

Noun + 덕분에 (thanks to)

우리 회사는 작년부터 흑자였다.

Our company has been in surplus since last year.

Time marker -부터 (from/since)

절약하면 가계부는 흑자일 거예요.

If you save, the household ledger will be in surplus.

Future conjecture -일 거예요

흑자인 기업에 투자하세요.

Invest in a company that is in surplus.

Adjective form '흑자인' modifying '기업'

올해 목표는 흑자이다.

The goal for this year is a surplus.

Noun '목표' (goal) as the subject

운영비가 적어서 흑자이다.

Because operating costs are low, it's a surplus.

Reasoning ending -어서

계속 흑자이면 좋겠어요.

I hope it stays in surplus continuously.

Conditional -이면 + wish -면 좋겠어요

정부 예산이 올해도 흑자일 것으로 보입니다.

It appears the government budget will be in surplus again this year.

Conjecture form -ㄹ 것으로 보이다

신제품 판매 호조로 회사가 흑자이다.

Due to strong sales of the new product, the company is in surplus.

Noun + -로 (due to/because of)

경상수지가 10개월 연속 흑자이다.

The current account has been in surplus for 10 consecutive months.

Counter word '연속' (consecutive)

비용을 절감한 결과 드디어 흑자이다.

As a result of reducing costs, it is finally in surplus.

Noun + 결과 (as a result)

흑자인지 적자인지 확인해 보세요.

Please check whether it is a surplus or a deficit.

Indirect question -인지 -인지

작년에는 적자였지만 올해는 흑자이다.

Last year was a deficit, but this year is a surplus.

Contrastive particle -지만

관광 수지가 흑자인 이유는 무엇입니까?

What is the reason the tourism balance is in surplus?

Modifier form '흑자인' with '이유' (reason)

회사가 흑자임에도 불구하고 보너스가 없다.

Despite the company being in surplus, there are no bonuses.

Concessive ending -임에도 불구하고

반도체 수출이 급증하면서 무역 수지가 흑자이다.

As semiconductor exports surged, the trade balance is in surplus.

Simultaneous action -면서

이 수치는 우리 경제가 여전히 흑자임을 보여준다.

This figure shows that our economy is still in surplus.

Noun clause -임을 (that it is...)

흑자 폭이 전월 대비 크게 확대되었다.

The margin of surplus has significantly widened compared to the previous month.

Comparison structure '전월 대비' (compared to last month)

구조조정 끝에 영업 이익이 흑자이다.

After restructuring, the operating profit is in surplus.

Noun + 끝에 (at the end of/after)

흑자 기조를 유지하는 것이 가장 큰 과제이다.

Maintaining the surplus trend is the biggest challenge.

Gerund form -는 것 (the act of...)

대규모 흑자에도 불구하고 내수 경기는 침체되어 있다.

Despite the large-scale surplus, the domestic economy is stagnant.

Noun + -에도 불구하고

해당 기업이 3분기 연속 흑자임을 발표했다.

The company announced that it has been in surplus for three consecutive quarters.

Quotation/Assertion -임을 발표하다

흑자로 전환된 것은 매우 고무적인 일이다.

Turning into a surplus is a very encouraging event.

Passive/Resultative form '흑자로 전환된'

경상수지 흑자가 고착화되면서 원화 가치가 상승하고 있다.

As the current account surplus becomes entrenched, the value of the won is rising.

Causal progression -면서

불황형 흑자라는 비판도 제기되고 있는 실정이다.

It is a situation where criticisms of a 'recession-type surplus' are being raised.

Quotation style '-라는' with '비판' (criticism)

수입이 수출보다 더 크게 줄어들어 나타난 흑자이다.

It is a surplus that appeared because imports decreased more significantly than exports.

Resultative clause structure

흑자 규모가 사상 최대치를 경신할 것으로 예상된다.

The scale of the surplus is expected to break the all-time record.

Passive expectation -ㄹ 것으로 예상된다

이번 흑자는 일시적인 현상에 불과할 수도 있다.

This surplus might be nothing more than a temporary phenomenon.

Limitative structure '-에 불과하다'

안정적인 흑자 구조를 정착시키는 것이 시급하다.

It is urgent to establish a stable surplus structure.

Nominalized subject with adjective '시급하다'

흑자 재정을 통해 국가 부채를 상환해야 한다.

We must repay national debt through a surplus budget.

Instrumental particle -를 통해 (through)

수지 균형을 넘어선 과도한 흑자는 통상 마찰을 야기한다.

Excessive surplus beyond the balance of payments causes trade friction.

Complex subject with '야기하다' (to cause)

만성적인 무역 흑자가 오히려 국내 물가 상승의 요인이 되고 있다.

The chronic trade surplus is actually becoming a factor in domestic inflation.

Adverb '오히려' (on the contrary/actually)

흑자 기조의 장기화에 따른 환율 변동성에 대비해야 한다.

We must prepare for exchange rate volatility resulting from the prolonged surplus trend.

Noun + -에 따른 (according to/resulting from)

단순한 회계상의 흑자가 아닌 실질적인 현금 흐름을 분석해야 한다.

We must analyze the actual cash flow, not just a simple accounting surplus.

Contrastive 'A가 아닌 B' structure

본원통화의 증발 없이도 흑자가 지속될 수 있는 메커니즘을 규명했다.

They identified a mechanism where the surplus can continue without the expansion of the base money.

Technical terminology '본원통화' (base money)

흑자 폭의 둔화는 경기 하강의 전조 증상으로 해석될 여지가 다분하다.

The slowing of the surplus margin has plenty of room to be interpreted as a precursor to an economic downturn.

Noun + -ㄹ 여지가 다분하다 (plenty of room for...)

재정 흑자가 반드시 국민 복지의 증진으로 이어지는 것은 아니다.

A fiscal surplus does not necessarily lead to an increase in public welfare.

Partial negation '반드시 ... 것은 아니다'

거시경제적 관점에서 볼 때, 현재의 흑자는 구조적인 왜곡의 산물일 수 있다.

From a macroeconomic perspective, the current surplus could be a product of structural distortion.

Perspective marker '-적 관점에서 볼 때'

흑자 자산의 효율적 배분을 통해 미래 성장 동력을 확보해야 한다.

We must secure future growth engines through the efficient allocation of surplus assets.

Complex target '미래 성장 동력' (future growth engine)

Colocações comuns

무역 흑자

흑자로 돌아서다

흑자를 기록하다

흑자 기조

경상수지 흑자

흑자 전환

흑자 폭

재정 흑자

흑자 규모

흑자 행진

Frases Comuns

흑자가 나다

— A surplus occurs. Used when a situation results in profit.

드디어 가게에서 흑자가 나기 시작했다.

흑자로 전환하다

— To turn into a surplus. Used when a loss becomes a profit.

회사는 구조조정을 통해 흑자로 전환했다.

흑자를 보다

— To see/experience a surplus. Similar to making a profit.

이번 투동으로 흑자를 좀 봤어요.

흑자 상태

— The state of being in surplus.

현재 우리 계좌는 흑자 상태입니다.

흑자 달성

— Achieving a surplus.

목표했던 흑자 달성에 성공했다.

흑자 경영

— Profitable management.

흑자 경영을 위한 대책을 세우다.

흑자 모델

— A profitable business model.

이것은 지속 가능한 흑자 모델이다.

흑자 수지

— A surplus balance.

흑자 수지를 맞추는 것이 어렵다.

흑자 요인

— The factor/reason for a surplus.

수출 증가가 주요 흑자 요인이다.

흑자 전망

— A surplus outlook/forecast.

내년에도 흑자 전망이 밝다.

Frequentemente confundido com

흑자이다 vs 이익 (Profit)

이익 is the general gain, while 흑자 is the overall positive balance of an account.

흑자이다 vs 부자 (Rich person)

부자 refers to a person's wealth, while 흑자 refers to the flow of money (surplus).

흑자이다 vs 학자 (Scholar)

Similar pronunciation, but completely different meaning.

Expressões idiomáticas

"흑자 인생"

— A 'surplus life'. Living successfully and fruitfully.

그는 은퇴 후 흑자 인생을 살고 있다.

Metaphorical

"흑자로 갈아타다"

— To switch to being in the black. Often used in investing.

적자 종목을 팔고 흑자 종목으로 갈아탔다.

Colloquial/Slang

"흑자 도장"

— A 'surplus stamp'. Metaphorically confirming a profit.

이번 계약으로 우리 사업에 흑자 도장을 찍었다.

Informal

"눈덩이 흑자"

— Snowballing surplus. Rapidly increasing profits.

신기술 덕분에 흑자가 눈덩이처럼 불어났다.

Journalism

"흑자 파티"

— Surplus party. Celebrating high profits.

실적 발표 후 회사 전체가 흑자 파티 분위기다.

Slang

"마이너스에서 흑자로"

— From minus to surplus. A classic comeback story.

그는 마이너스에서 흑자로 인생을 역전시켰다.

General

"황금 흑자"

— Golden surplus. A very valuable and high-quality profit.

이번 분기는 그야말로 황금 흑자였다.

Journalism

"흑자 본능"

— Surplus instinct. Someone naturally good at making money.

그 사업가는 타고난 흑자 본능이 있다.

Metaphorical

"흑자 마인드"

— Surplus mindset. Always thinking about efficiency and gain.

성공하려면 흑자 마인드를 가져야 한다.

Self-help

"흑자 릴레이"

— Surplus relay. A continuous series of profitable periods.

우리 팀은 5년째 흑자 릴레이를 이어가고 있다.

Journalism

Fácil de confundir

흑자이다 vs 수익

Both relate to making money.

수익 (Revenue/Earnings) is the money coming in; 흑자 (Surplus) is the net positive result after expenses.

수익은 많지만 지출도 많아서 흑자는 아니다.

흑자이다 vs 성과

Both imply a positive result.

성과 (Achievement/Result) can be non-financial; 흑자 is strictly financial.

이번 프로젝트는 큰 성과를 거두었고, 재정적으로도 흑자이다.

흑자이다 vs 본전

Related to the balance point.

본전 is breaking even (zero profit/loss); 흑자 is anything above zero.

본전만 치려고 했는데 다행히 흑자이다.

흑자이다 vs 매출

Both are business terms.

매출 is total sales (gross); 흑자 is the net surplus after all costs.

매출은 1억 원이지만, 비용이 1억 2천만 원이라 흑자가 아니다.

흑자이다 vs 잉여

Both mean surplus/extra.

잉여 is often used for surplus goods or time; 흑자 is used for monetary balance.

잉여 농산물이 많아져서 수출을 했더니 무역 흑자가 났다.

Padrões de frases

N은/는 흑자이다.

가계부는 흑자이다.

N 덕분에 흑자이다.

수출 덕분에 흑자이다.

N이/가 흑자로 돌아섰다.

회사가 흑자로 돌아섰다.

N이/가 흑자임을 보여준다.

지표가 흑자임을 보여준다.

N이/가 흑자 기조를 유지하다.

경제가 흑자 기조를 유지하다.

N에 따른 흑자 폭의 확대.

환율에 따른 흑자 폭의 확대.

General

적자가 아니라 흑자이다.

이번에는 적자가 아니라 흑자이다.

General

드디어 흑자이다.

노력 끝에 드디어 흑자이다.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

흑자 (surplus)

흑자액 (surplus amount)

흑자폭 (surplus margin)

Verbos

흑자화하다 (to make into a surplus)

Adjetivos

흑자인 (being in surplus)

Relacionado

적자 (deficit)

수지 (balance)

이익 (profit)

수익 (revenue)

결산 (settlement)

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Como usar

frequency

Very common in economic news, common in business, occasionally used in personal finance.

Erros comuns

흑자를 이다 → 흑자이다
The copula '이다' attaches directly to the noun without a particle.
기분이 흑자이다 → 기분이 좋다
흑자 is for financial balances, not emotions.
흑자 기업 → 흑자인 기업
When modifying a noun, use the form '흑자인'.
흑자가 되고 있다 → 흑자 기조를 보이고 있다
While '흑자가 되다' is okay, '기조를 보이다' is more natural for ongoing trends.
돈이 흑자이다 → 수지가 흑자이다
You don't say 'money is a surplus'; you say the 'balance' or 'account' is a surplus.

Dicas

Particle Choice

Use '가/이' with '흑자이다'. Example: '수지가 흑자이다.' If you use '를/을', you must use '내다'. Example: '흑자를 내다.'

Color Association

Associate 'Black' with 'Safe/Positive' and 'Red' with 'Danger/Negative' to remember 흑자 vs 적자.

The IMF Crisis

Knowing about the 1997 financial crisis helps you understand why Koreans are so focused on '흑자' (surplus) and '외환 보유고' (foreign reserves).

Business Reports

In reports, use '흑자 기조를 이어가다' to say a company is consistently profitable. It sounds very professional.

News Keywords

When you hear '수지' (balance) on the news, listen for the next word. If it's '흑자', the news is likely positive.

Casual Metaphor

You can jokingly say '오늘 데이트는 흑자야' if you had a great time for a low price, though it's very informal.

Modifier Form

Don't forget the 'ㄴ' in '흑자인 기업'. This is a common mistake for intermediate learners.

Hanja Roots

Learning 'Heuk' (Black) helps with other words like 'Heuk-pyo' (Black panther) or 'Heuk-baek' (Black and white).

Ink Bottle

Imagine a bottle of black ink tipping over and filling your bank account with black numbers.

Profit vs Surplus

Remember that you can have a profit (이익) on one deal but still be in a deficit (적자) overall for the year.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Think of 'Heuk' (Black) as the color of a healthy, strong charcoal, and 'Ja' as a character on a page. Black characters on a page mean you are safe and making money.

Associação visual

Imagine a ledger where all the numbers are written in bold black ink, and a business owner smiling while looking at it.

Word Web

Money Profit Black Ink Economics Success Surplus Business Trade

Desafio

Try to look at your bank account today. If you have more than yesterday, say out loud: '오늘은 흑자이다!'

Origem da palavra

From Hanja: 黑 (black) + 字 (character/letter).

Significado original: Refers to the black ink used to record profits in traditional bookkeeping ledgers.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based).

Contexto cultural

Be careful when discussing '흑자' with someone who has recently lost a business; it can be a sensitive topic related to failure.

Directly equivalent to 'being in the black'. English speakers will find this concept very intuitive.

The 1997 IMF Crisis (where Korea fought to return to a 흑자 state). Samsung Electronics' record-breaking 흑자 reports in the 2010s. K-Drama 'Misaeng' often discusses the struggle to make a project 흑자.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Business Earnings

실적이 흑자이다
흑자 전환에 성공하다
영업 이익이 흑자이다
흑자 폭을 넓히다

International Trade

무역 수지가 흑자이다
대일 무역 흑자
흑자 국면
수출 흑자

Personal Finance

가계부가 흑자이다
이번 달은 흑자다
흑자 관리
흑자 저축

Government Budget

재정이 흑자이다
흑자 예산
흑자 집행
세수 흑자

Investments

흑자 기업
흑자 종목
흑자 보고서
흑자 가치

Iniciadores de conversa

"요즘 회사 실적이 흑자라고 들었는데 분위기 어때요?"

"이번 달 가계부가 흑자인데, 외식이나 할까요?"

"한국이 계속 무역 흑자를 유지할 수 있을까요?"

"적자에서 흑자로 돌아서려면 무엇이 가장 중요할까요?"

"흑자인 기업에 투자하는 것이 항상 안전할까요?"

Temas para diário

이번 달 나의 소비 습관을 돌아볼 때, 내 재정 상태는 흑자인가 적자인가? 그 이유는 무엇인가?

내가 운영하는 작은 가게가 흑자가 된다면 가장 먼저 하고 싶은 일은?

국가 경제가 흑자일 때 평범한 시민의 삶에는 어떤 변화가 생길까?

인생을 '흑자'와 '적자'로 비유한다면, 지금 나의 인생은 어느 쪽인가?

흑자 경영을 위해 내가 실천할 수 있는 절약 방법 세 가지를 적어보자.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

In Korean, it is a noun (흑자) followed by the copula (이다). Grammatically, it functions as a descriptive verb (adjective) in sentences.

No, '흑자' is strictly for financial or quantitative balances. For grades, use '성적이 좋다' (grades are good).

The opposite is '적자' (deficit/in the red).

It comes from the tradition of using black ink for profits and red ink for losses in accounting ledgers.

You can say '나는 흑자이다' if referring to your personal ledger, but it's more natural to say '내 통장은 흑자이다' (My bank account is in surplus).

Yes, it is a relatively formal Sino-Korean word. In very casual talk, people might just say '돈이 남았다' (Money is left over).

Rarely. It is almost always about money. Use '시간이 남다' for having extra time.

It means 'turning into a surplus,' referring to a company or account that was previously in a deficit (red) but is now making a profit (black).

Generally yes, it means the country is selling more to the world than it is buying, bringing in foreign currency.

Adults use it frequently when talking about bills, business, or news. You will hear it at least once a day if you watch the news.

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