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B1 noun 7分钟阅读

مراقبات

Muraqabat
例句 笔记与提示 مراقبات 30秒了解
解析 مراقبات in your Level:
At the A1 level, the word 'مراقبات' might be a bit advanced, but you can understand it as a way of saying 'watching many things.' Think of a security guard watching many screens or a teacher watching many students. It comes from the word 'watch' or 'look after.' You won't use it often in basic conversation, but you might see it on signs in a hospital or a school. Just remember it means 'monitoring' or 'watching' in a serious way, not like watching a cartoon. It's a plural word, so it's about more than one act of watching. For example, 'The teacher has many observations' means the teacher is watching the students carefully. It's important to know that it's a formal word. You use it when you want to sound very clear and serious about what you are looking at.
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At the A2 level, you should recognize 'مراقبات' as the plural form of 'muraqaba.' You will encounter it in contexts like school exams or basic news reports. For example, 'muraqabat al-imtihanat' means 'exam proctoring.' It's more than just looking; it's looking with a purpose. If you go to a mall, you might see 'مراقبات أمنية' (security monitoring). You should start to notice how it's used with the word 'on' (ala). For example, 'monitoring on the streets.' It's also helpful to know that this word is feminine. So, if you describe these observations as 'good,' you would say 'muraqabat jayyida.' This level is about seeing the word in public places and understanding that it means someone is supervising or keeping an eye on things to keep them safe or correct.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'مراقبات' in professional and academic contexts. You should understand that it refers to 'monitoring' or 'systematic observations.' This is the level where you distinguish between 'watching' (mushahada) and 'monitoring' (muraqaba). You might use it to describe a project at work: 'We need constant monitoring (مراقبات) of the progress.' You should also be comfortable with the Idafa construction, like 'مراقبات الجودة' (quality monitoring). At this stage, you understand that 'مراقبات' can also refer to the data collected through watching. For instance, in a science class, you would 'record your observations.' You are also becoming aware of the root R-Q-B and how it relates to other words like 'muraqib' (an observer or a supervisor).
At the B2 level, you should be able to discuss the nuances of 'مراقبات' in various fields such as politics, science, and sociology. You understand its use in 'international monitoring of elections' or 'environmental monitoring of climate change.' You can use it fluently in complex sentences with correct adjective agreement (e.g., 'مراقبات دقيقة ومستمرة'). You also recognize its presence in more abstract contexts, like 'self-monitoring' in psychology. At this level, you can compare 'مراقبات' with synonyms like 'رصد' (tracking) or 'إشراف' (supervision) and explain why one is better than the other in a specific sentence. You are also able to write formal reports using this word to describe methodology or findings. Your understanding of the word includes its administrative weight, such as the legal implications of 'surveillance' in a privacy debate.
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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the word 'مراقبات' and its stylistic uses. You can appreciate its use in literature or high-level journalism to convey a sense of 'vigilance' or 'scrutiny.' You understand the technical difference between 'مراقبات' in a laboratory setting versus 'مراقبات' in a regulatory framework. You can use the word to discuss complex topics like 'panopticism' or 'government surveillance' (المراقبات الحكومية) with precision. You also understand the spiritual or philosophical connotations of the root, even if the plural form is less common there. You are capable of using the word in rhetorical ways, perhaps in a speech about the need for 'popular monitoring' of government actions. Your grasp of the word's grammar is perfect, including its behavior in complex Idafa chains and its interaction with varied prepositions to change nuance.
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At the C2 level, 'مراقبات' is a tool you use with total precision and native-like nuance. You can navigate the most academic or legal texts where this word appears, understanding the subtle differences between 'مراقبات' (acts of monitoring) and 'أدوات المراقبة' (monitoring tools). You can engage in high-level debates about the ethics of 'surveillance societies,' using the word to distinguish between legitimate oversight and intrusive monitoring. You might use it in a dissertation to describe 'empirical observations' in a highly specific scientific methodology. You are also sensitive to the word's history and its connection to the concept of 'the Watcher' or 'the Guardian' in classical Arabic literature. At this level, you can use the word to create subtle irony or emphasis in your writing, and you understand its full range of synonyms and antonyms across all registers of the language.
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例句 笔记与提示

مراقبات 30秒了解

  • مراقبات (Muraqabat) is the plural of muraqaba, meaning monitoring or observations.
  • It is used in professional contexts like science, security, and education.
  • Grammatically, it is a feminine plural and takes feminine singular adjectives.
  • It differs from casual 'watching' by implying systematic oversight or data collection.

The Arabic word مراقبات (muraqabat) is the sound feminine plural of the noun مراقبة (muraqaba). At its core, it refers to the systematic, intentional, and often continuous acts of observing, monitoring, or supervising. Unlike simple 'seeing' or 'looking,' مراقبات implies a level of scrutiny, responsibility, or scientific inquiry. It is derived from the root ر-ق-ب (r-q-b), which historically relates to the action of craning one's neck to look out for something or someone, often from a high vantage point.

Scientific Context
In scientific research, مراقبات refers to the data points or the process of observing phenomena over time, such as astronomical observations or biological monitoring of species.
Administrative & Educational Context
In schools and universities, it refers to the supervision of exams (proctoring). It ensures that rules are followed and integrity is maintained during testing periods.
Security & Technology
In the modern digital age, this word describes surveillance activities, monitoring of network traffic, or the oversight provided by security cameras and sensors.

"تعتمد الأبحاث العلمية على مراقبات دقيقة للظواهر الطبيعية."(Scientific research depends on precise observations of natural phenomena.)

Understanding the plural form is crucial because it suggests a series of actions or a collection of data. While the singular مراقبة might refer to the general concept of 'monitoring,' the plural مراقبات often points to specific instances, sessions, or types of monitoring. For example, in a medical setting, مراقبات القلب would refer to the various heart monitoring readings or sessions a patient undergoes.

"تم تكثيف الـ مراقبات الأمنية خلال الاحتفالات."(Security observations/monitoring were intensified during the celebrations.)

When using this word, speakers are usually discussing professional, official, or scientific settings. It is rarely used for casual 'people watching' at a cafe; for that, one might use فرجة (watching) or نظر (looking). Use مراقبات when there is a goal, a standard, or a systematic approach involved in the act of watching.

Using مراقبات correctly requires understanding its role as a feminine plural noun. It follows the standard rules for plural nouns in Arabic, taking the -at suffix. In a sentence, it can function as a subject, object, or part of a genitive construction (Idafa).

As a Subject (Marfu')
When it is the doer or the main topic, it ends with a Damma: تستمر المراقباتُ الجوية على مدار الساعة (Aerial observations continue around the clock).
In the Idafa Construction
It is very common to see this word followed by another noun to specify what is being monitored: مراقبات الحدود (Border observations/monitoring).

"أظهرت الـ مراقبات البيئية تراجعاً في نسبة التلوث."(Environmental observations showed a decline in pollution rates.)

Note that because مراقبات is a non-human plural, any adjectives describing it must be in the feminine singular form. This is a common rule in Arabic grammar that learners often forget. For example, 'accurate observations' is مراقبات دقيقة (muraqabat daqiqa), not muraqabat daqiqat.

"تم وضع خطة لزيادة الـ مراقبات على الأسواق."(A plan was put in place to increase monitoring of the markets.)

In professional writing, you will often see it paired with verbs like أجرى (to conduct), كثّف (to intensify), or سجّل (to record). For instance, سجّل العلماء مراقباتهم means 'The scientists recorded their observations.'

You are likely to encounter مراقبات in formal environments, media reports, and academic settings. It is a 'high-register' word that conveys professionalism and precision. If you are watching the news in Arabic (like Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya), you will hear this word in reports concerning security, international relations, or health crises.

In the News
"The UN sent teams for مراقبات وقف إطلاق النار (monitoring the ceasefire)." This usage highlights the word's role in international diplomacy.
In Hospitals
A doctor might refer to the مراقبات طبية (medical observations) required for a patient in the intensive care unit.

"تخضع المنطقة لـ مراقبات صارمة من قبل الشرطة."(The area is subject to strict monitoring by the police.)

In an educational setting, during final exam season, teachers and administrators will talk about مراقبات الامتحانات. This refers to the schedule and the act of supervising students to prevent cheating. If you are a student in an Arab country, you will see your name on a list for 'exam duties' under this heading.

"هناك مراقبات دولية على الانتخابات القادمة."(There are international observations/monitoring of the upcoming elections.)

Finally, in the corporate world, IT departments use this word when discussing مراقبات الشبكة (network monitoring) to ensure servers are running correctly and to detect any cyber threats. It is a versatile word for any situation requiring a watchful eye.

One of the most frequent errors learners make with مراقبات is confusing it with other words for 'watching.' Arabic has several words for sight, and choosing the wrong one can change the meaning significantly.

Confusing with 'Mushahada' (مشاهدة)
Mushahada is used for watching TV, a movie, or a game. Using مراقبات for watching a movie would imply you are analyzing it for security flaws or scientific data, which sounds very strange!
Singular vs. Plural
Learners often use the singular مراقبة when they should use the plural مراقبات. If you are talking about multiple distinct monitoring sessions or different types of oversight, the plural is mandatory.

"الخطأ: قمت بـ مراقبات التلفاز أمس."(Wrong: I did 'observations' of the TV yesterday.)

Another mistake involves adjective agreement. As mentioned earlier, مراقبات is a non-human plural. Therefore, it takes a feminine singular adjective. Saying مراقبات دقيقون (using the masculine human plural) is a major grammatical error. It must be مراقبات دقيقة.

"الصواب: سجل الباحث مراقبات عديدة."(Correct: The researcher recorded many observations.)

Finally, be careful with the preposition used after the word. Usually, we use على (on/over) or لـ (for) to specify the object of monitoring. Using في (in) might sometimes work, but على is the most standard for 'supervision over something.'

To enrich your Arabic vocabulary, it is helpful to know words that are similar to مراقبات but carry different nuances. Depending on the context—whether scientific, administrative, or casual—you might choose a different term.

رصد (Rasd)
This word is more specific to tracking or detecting, often used in astronomy (observatory = marsad) or tracking movements of an enemy or a storm. It implies a higher degree of technical detection than مراقبة.
متابعة (Mutaba'a)
Translates to 'follow-up' or 'tracking.' While مراقبات is about watching, متابعة is about staying updated on progress. Use this for following a news story or a project's development.
إشراف (Ishraf)
Meaning 'supervision' or 'oversight.' This is more about management and authority. An mushrif (supervisor) has more power than a muraqib (monitor).

"هناك فرق بين مراقبات الحركة و رصد الأهداف."(There is a difference between monitoring movement and tracking targets.)

In a legal or formal context, you might hear تحرّيات (tahariyyat), which means 'investigations.' While monitoring is ongoing, investigations are usually triggered by a specific event. For general 'noticing,' you can use ملاحظات (mulahazat), which means 'notes' or 'observations' in a more general sense (like a teacher's comments on a student's paper).

"قدم الخبير مراقباته الفنية للجنة."(The expert presented his technical observations to the committee.)

In summary, choose مراقبات when you want to emphasize the systematic, professional, or regulatory nature of the watching. It is the gold standard for 'monitoring' in Modern Standard Arabic.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'Raqib' (one of the names of God in Islam) comes from this root, meaning 'The All-Watcher' or 'The Guardian.' It implies an observation that is constant and all-encompassing.

发音指南

UK /mu.raː.qa.baːt/
US /mu.rɑː.kə.bæt/
Primary stress on the long vowel 'aa' in the second syllable, secondary stress on the final 'aat'.
押韵词
مطارات (matarat) سيارات (sayyarat) غابات (ghabat) ساعات (sa'at) روايات (riwayat) بنايات (binayat) نهايات (nihayat) بدايات (bidayat)
常见错误
  • Pronouncing 'q' like a normal 'k'.
  • Shortening the final 'aat' to 'at'.
  • Confusing the 'u' at the start with an 'a' (maraqabat).

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize the root and the plural suffix.

写作 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the 'qaf' and 'ta marbuta' to 'at' transition.

口语 4/5

The 'qaf' sound can be tricky for English speakers.

听力 3/5

Clear phonetic structure makes it easy to hear in formal speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

نظر (look) شاهد (watch) مدرسة (school) أمن (security) عين (eye)

接下来学习

إشراف (supervision) تحقيق (investigation) تحليل (analysis) نتائج (results) تقرير (report)

高级

بانوبتيكون (Panopticon) خصوصية (privacy) خوارزميات (algorithms) استخبارات (intelligence)
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按水平分级的例句

1

هناك مراقبات في المدرسة.

There are observations/monitoring in the school.

Basic plural noun used as a subject.

2

المراقبات مهمة جداً.

The observations are very important.

Subject with an adjective.

3

أنا أحب المراقبات العلمية.

I like scientific observations.

Direct object with an adjective.

4

هذه مراقبات بسيطة.

These are simple observations.

Demonstrative pronoun with plural noun.

5

أين المراقبات؟

Where are the observations/monitors?

Interrogative sentence.

6

المراقبات في كل مكان.

The observations/monitoring are everywhere.

Prepositional phrase.

7

نحن نفعل مراقبات.

We are doing observations.

Subject-verb-object.

8

المراقبات تساعدنا.

The observations help us.

Plural noun as a subject for a verb.

1

توجد مراقبات أمنية في المول.

There is security monitoring in the mall.

Noun-adjective pair.

2

بدأت مراقبات الامتحانات اليوم.

Exam proctoring started today.

Idafa construction (muraqabat al-imtihanat).

3

سجلت المعلمة مراقباتها.

The teacher recorded her observations.

Plural noun with a possessive suffix.

4

المراقبات الصحية ضرورية.

Health monitoring is necessary.

Feminine singular adjective for non-human plural.

5

هل رأيت مراقبات الجو؟

Have you seen the weather observations?

Question with Idafa.

6

تعتمد الشركة على مراقبات الكاميرا.

The company relies on camera monitoring.

Prepositional phrase with Idafa.

7

كانت المراقبات طويلة جداً.

The observations were very long.

Using 'kana' with plural noun.

8

نحتاج إلى مراقبات دقيقة.

We need accurate observations.

Noun with adjective.

1

أظهرت المراقبات الميدانية نتائج جيدة.

Field observations showed good results.

Adjective agreement (field = maydaniyya).

2

تم تكليف فريق لإجراء مراقبات دولية.

A team was assigned to conduct international monitoring.

Passive voice with an infinitive phrase.

3

تتطلب هذه الوظيفة مراقبات مستمرة.

This job requires continuous monitoring.

Verb requiring a plural object.

4

تحدث المراقبات في أوقات محددة.

The observations occur at specific times.

Present tense verb with plural subject.

5

هناك مراقبات على جودة الإنتاج.

There is monitoring of production quality.

Prepositional usage (ala).

6

يجب تحسين مراقبات السلامة.

Safety monitoring must be improved.

Modal verb phrase.

7

المراقبات الفنية كشفت العطل.

Technical observations revealed the fault.

Subject-verb-object with adjectives.

8

تساعد المراقبات في اتخاذ القرار.

Observations help in decision-making.

Gerund construction.

1

كشفت المراقبات الجوية عن عاصفة قادمة.

Aerial observations revealed an incoming storm.

Complex scientific context.

2

تخضع الحدود لمراقبات صارمة.

The borders are subject to strict monitoring.

Passive-like construction (khada'a li-).

3

سجل الباحثون مراقباتهم في التقرير.

The researchers recorded their observations in the report.

Plural noun with plural possessive.

4

تعتبر المراقبات البيئية جزءاً من القانون.

Environmental monitoring is considered part of the law.

Using 'consider' (yu'tabar).

5

هناك مراقبات مكثفة على الأسواق المالية.

There is intensive monitoring of financial markets.

Use of 'mukathafa' (intensive).

6

أدت المراقبات إلى تغيير السياسة.

Observations led to a change in policy.

Cause and effect sentence.

7

تتم المراقبات بواسطة تكنولوجيا حديثة.

Monitoring is done via modern technology.

Using 'tamma' for passive process.

8

المراقبات السريرية ضرورية لتطوير الدواء.

Clinical observations are necessary for drug development.

Technical medical term.

1

تثير المراقبات الحكومية جدلاً حول الخصوصية.

Government surveillance sparks debate about privacy.

Abstract political context.

2

تجاوزت المراقبات الحدود الأخلاقية.

The monitoring exceeded ethical boundaries.

Metaphorical usage.

3

تعتمد النظرية على سلسلة من المراقبات.

The theory relies on a series of observations.

Academic phrasing.

4

تم توثيق المراقبات في أرشيف الدولة.

The observations were documented in the state archives.

Passive voice with specific location.

5

تتنوع المراقبات بتنوع الأهداف المنشودة.

Monitoring varies according to the desired goals.

Advanced 'bi-tanawwu' construction.

6

أثبتت المراقبات صحة الفرضية.

The observations proved the validity of the hypothesis.

Scientific validation.

7

هناك مراقبات خفية لا يراها الناس.

There are hidden monitorings that people do not see.

Relative clause usage.

8

المراقبات المستقلة تضمن نزاهة العملية.

Independent monitoring ensures the integrity of the process.

Political/Legal terminology.

1

تتجلى المراقبات الوجودية في الأدب الحديث.

Existential observations are manifested in modern literature.

Highly abstract/literary.

2

إن المراقبات الدقيقة هي جوهر المنهج العلمي.

Precise observations are the essence of the scientific method.

Emphatic 'inna' construction.

3

تتداخل المراقبات التقنية مع الحياة اليومية.

Technical monitoring overlaps with daily life.

Sociological analysis.

4

تعد المراقبات أداة للسيطرة في المجتمعات الشمولية.

Monitoring is a tool of control in totalitarian societies.

Political philosophy.

5

رغم المراقبات، ظل السر مكتوماً.

Despite the monitoring, the secret remained hidden.

Concessive 'raghma' clause.

6

المراقبات الفلكية ترسم خارطة الكون.

Astronomical observations map the universe.

Scientific/Poetic blend.

7

تحولت المراقبات إلى هاجس أمني.

Monitoring has turned into a security obsession.

Expressing transformation (tahawwala).

8

تستند الفلسفة إلى مراقبات العقل لذاته.

Philosophy is based on the mind's observations of itself.

Reflexive abstract usage.

常见搭配

مراقبات أمنية
مراقبات جوية
مراقبات دقيقة
مراقبات طبية
مراقبات الحدود
مراقبات دولية
مراقبات الامتحانات
مراقبات الشبكة
مراقبات بيئية
مراقبات ميدانية

常用短语

تحت المراقبات

— Under observation or monitoring.

المشروع تحت المراقبات المكثفة.

إجراء مراقبات

— To conduct/perform observations.

قرر الطبيب إجراء مراقبات إضافية.

نظام المراقبات

— Monitoring system.

نظام المراقبات في البنك متطور.

نتائج المراقبات

— Results of the observations.

نتائج المراقبات كانت مذهلة.

تكثيف المراقبات

— Intensifying monitoring.

يجب تكثيف المراقبات في الليل.

سجل المراقبات

— Observation log/record.

اكتب كل شيء في سجل المراقبات.

مراقبات صارمة

— Strict monitoring.

هناك مراقبات صارمة على الصادرات.

فريق المراقبات

— Monitoring team.

فريق المراقبات وصل إلى الموقع.

مراقبات دورية

— Periodic/regular monitoring.

نقوم بمراقبات دورية للآلات.

بدون مراقبات

— Without supervision/monitoring.

لا تترك الأطفال بدون مراقبات.

习语与表达

"عين الرقيب"

— The watchful eye (often of a censor or authority).

كل شيء يمر تحت عين الرقيب.

Formal
"على رادار المراقبة"

— On the radar (being monitored/noticed).

أصبح اللاعب على رادار المراقبة.

Modern/Journalistic
"خارج نطاق المراقبة"

— Out of sight/beyond monitoring.

السفينة الآن خارج نطاق المراقبة.

Technical
"بمحض المراقبة"

— By sheer observation/just by watching.

تعلمت المهنة بمحض المراقبة.

General
"تحت المجهر"

— Under the microscope (intense scrutiny).

سياسة الحكومة تحت المجهر.

Journalistic
"عين لا تنام"

— An eye that never sleeps (constant monitoring).

الأمن هو العين التي لا تنام.

Literary/Poetic
"في دائرة الضوء"

— In the limelight/being watched by all.

الوزير في دائرة الضوء.

Media
"مراقبة الذات"

— Self-monitoring/Self-reflection.

مراقبة الذات جزء من النجاح.

Psychological
"كسر الرقابة"

— To break/bypass monitoring or censorship.

حاول الصحفي كسر الرقابة.

Political
"مراقبة عن كثب"

— Monitoring closely.

نحن نتابع الوضع ومراقبة عن كثب.

Formal

词族

名词

مراقبة (monitoring)
مراقب (monitor/observer)
رقابة (censorship/control)
رقيب (sergeant/guardian)
مرقب (observatory/watchtower)

动词

راقب (to monitor/watch)
ترقب (to anticipate/wait for)
ارتقب (to look out for)
استرق (to eavesdrop/steal a glance)

形容词

رقابي (regulatory)
مراقب (monitored)
مترقب (anticipating)

相关

نظر (look)
شاهد (watch)
أبصر (see)
عاين (inspect)
فحص (examine)
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记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Muraqabat' as 'More-at-the-Gate.' Imagine guards at a gate doing *monitoring* sessions. 'More' (Mu) 'at' (aat) the gate.

视觉联想

Visualize a wall of security monitors in a high-tech room. Each screen represents one 'muraqaba,' and the whole wall represents 'muraqabat.'

Word Web

Science Security Exams Cameras Data Eyes Supervision Rules

挑战

Try to use 'muraqabat' in three different sentences today: one about safety, one about science, and one about school.

词源

From the Arabic root R-Q-B (ر-ق-ب). This root is ancient and central to Semitic languages, primarily relating to the act of guarding or watching over.

原始含义： The primary sense involves 'waiting' or 'stretching the neck' to see something far away or to guard a place.

Afroasiatic -> Semitic -> Central Semitic -> Arabic.

文化背景

Be careful when using it in political contexts, as it can imply state surveillance which is a sensitive topic in some regions.

English speakers might use 'monitoring' or 'surveillance' interchangeably, but 'muraqabat' sounds more formal than 'monitoring' in casual English.

Muraqaba (Sufi meditation) Al-Raqib (The Watcher - Divine Name) Muraqabat al-Imtihanat (Standard Arab school term)

在生活中练习

真实语境

Scientific Research

  • تسجيل المراقبات
  • مراقبات دقيقة
  • مراقبات مخبرية
  • مراقبات طويلة الأمد

Security

  • مراقبات الكاميرا
  • مراقبات أمنية
  • نظام المراقبات
  • تحت المراقبات

Education

  • مراقبات الامتحانات
  • جدول المراقبات
  • مهام المراقبات
  • مراقبات الصف

Weather/Aviation

  • مراقبات جوية
  • رصد ومراقبات
  • مراقبات الطقس
  • برج المراقبات

Medicine

  • مراقبات حيوية
  • مراقبات سريرية
  • مراقبات القلب
  • فترة المراقبات

对话开场白

"هل تعتقد أن المراقبات الأمنية في المدن تزيد من الأمان؟"

"ما هي أهم المراقبات التي سجلتها في تجربتك العلمية؟"

"كيف يتم تنظيم مراقبات الامتحانات في جامعتك؟"

"هل تزعجك المراقبات الدائمة على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي؟"

"لماذا تعتبر المراقبات الجوية حيوية لسلامة المسافرين؟"

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