schädlich 30秒了解
- Schädlich means harmful or damaging in German.
- It is commonly used for health (smoking) and the environment (pollution).
- Use the preposition 'für' + Accusative to specify what is harmed.
- It is the opposite of 'nützlich' (useful) or 'förderlich' (beneficial).
The German adjective schädlich is a cornerstone of the German language when discussing consequences, health, and environmental impact. At its core, it translates to 'harmful,' 'damaging,' or 'detrimental.' It is derived from the noun der Schaden (the damage/harm) combined with the common adjectival suffix -lich. Understanding this word is essential for B1 learners because it transitions your vocabulary from simple descriptions like 'gut' or 'schlecht' to more precise, causal descriptions of negative effects.
- Health Context
- In medical or wellness discussions, 'schädlich' is the standard term for substances or behaviors that impair bodily functions. You will see it on product warnings and in health advice. For example, 'Rauchen ist schädlich' (Smoking is harmful) is a ubiquitous phrase.
Zu viel direkte Sonneneinstrahlung ohne Schutz ist extrem schädlich für die Haut.
Beyond physical health, 'schädlich' applies to abstract concepts such as relationships, business environments, or political climates. If a person's behavior creates a toxic atmosphere in an office, a German speaker might describe that behavior as 'schädlich für das Arbeitsklima' (harmful to the working atmosphere). It implies a slow, eroding type of damage rather than a sudden, violent impact.
- Environmental Usage
- In the context of ecology, 'schädlich' is often part of compound words like 'umweltschädlich' (environmentally harmful) or 'klimaschädlich' (harmful to the climate). This reflects the German societal emphasis on sustainability.
Plastikmüll in den Ozeanen ist schädlich für viele Meeresbewohner.
The word's frequency increases in academic and formal registers. When analyzing a policy or a chemical reaction, 'schädlich' provides a neutral but firm judgment of the negative utility of the subject. It is rarely used in slang, as it carries a certain weight of objective truth or scientific observation.
- Economic Context
- Economically, 'schädlich' describes factors that decrease profit or stability, such as 'geschäftsschädigend' (damaging to business) or 'schädlich für den Wettbewerb' (harmful to competition).
Monopole sind oft schädlich für die freie Marktwirtschaft.
In summary, 'schädlich' is your go-to word for expressing that something has a negative effect. Whether it is a bad habit, a toxic chemical, or a poorly designed law, 'schädlich' encapsulates the essence of harm in a professional and clear manner.
Using schädlich correctly requires an understanding of its position in a sentence and its relationship with the dative case. While it can stand alone as a predicate adjective, it often points toward the entity being harmed using the preposition für followed by the accusative case.
- The Predicative Use
- This is the simplest form. You state that 'X is harmful.' No adjective endings are required here. Example: 'Lärm ist schädlich.' (Noise is harmful.)
Diese Chemikalien sind extrem schädlich.
When you want to specify who or what is being harmed, use the preposition 'für'. This is the most common construction for B1 and B2 levels. 'Rauchen ist schädlich für die Gesundheit' (Smoking is harmful to health). Note that 'die Gesundheit' is in the accusative case.
- Attributive Use
- When placed before a noun, 'schädlich' must decline. Example: 'Ein schädlicher Einfluss' (A harmful influence). 'Die schädlichen Gase' (The harmful gases). 'Wegen der schädlichen Wirkung' (Because of the harmful effect).
Wir müssen die schädlichen Auswirkungen auf die Natur minimieren.
Comparison is also vital. You might want to say something is 'more harmful' (schädlicher) or 'the most harmful' (am schädlichsten). For example: 'Zucker ist schädlicher als Fett' (Sugar is more harmful than fat). This follows the standard rules for German adjective comparison.
- Compound Adjectives
- German loves compounds. 'Schädlich' often appears as the second part: umweltschädlich, klimaschädlich, gesundheitsschädlich. These are treated as single adjectives.
Diese Methode gilt als umweltschädlich.
Finally, consider the negative form: 'unschädlich'. This is frequently used in the context of 'unschädlich machen' (to neutralize or render harmless), common in both chemistry and thriller movies.
In daily life in Germany, schädlich is encountered in specific, high-frequency environments. It is not a word usually used for minor inconveniences; it carries the weight of genuine negative impact.
- Public Health Campaigns
- You will see this word on cigarette packaging, posters in doctor's offices, and in nutritional guides. Phrases like 'Alkoholkonsum ist schädlich für Ungeborene' (Alcohol consumption is harmful to the unborn) are standard legal requirements.
Auf der Packung steht, dass das Produkt schädlich sein kann.
In the news and political talk shows (Talkshows), 'schädlich' is a favorite for debating policies. Politicians might argue that a new tax is 'schädlich für den Mittelstand' (harmful to the middle class) or that a lack of regulation is 'schädlich für den Verbraucherschutz' (harmful to consumer protection).
- Consumer Protection (Verbraucherschutz)
- Magazines like 'Stiftung Warentest' or 'Öko-Test' use 'schädlich' to rate products. If a toy contains toxic dyes, it is labeled as 'schädlich'.
Der Test ergab, dass die Inhaltsstoffe schädlich sind.
In professional settings, it is used during performance reviews or strategy meetings. A manager might say, 'Ihre ständigen Verspätungen sind schädlich für die Teamdynamik' (Your constant lateness is harmful to the team dynamics). It sounds professional yet serious.
- Legal and Official Documents
- Contracts often include clauses about 'schädigendes Verhalten' (damaging behavior) or actions that are 'schädlich für das Ansehen der Firma' (harmful to the company's reputation).
Das Gericht entschied, dass die Äußerungen schädlich waren.
Overall, 'schädlich' is a word of consequence. It appears whenever someone wants to point out that an action or substance leads to a negative, deteriorating, or broken state.
While schädlich is straightforward, English speakers often trip over its nuances compared to related German words like gefährlich, giftig, or schlecht.
- Schädlich vs. Gefährlich
- Mistake: Using 'schädlich' for immediate physical danger. If a lion is chasing you, it is 'gefährlich' (dangerous), not 'schädlich'. 'Schädlich' is for long-term or structural harm. Smoking is 'schädlich'; a burning house is 'gefährlich'.
Falsch: Der Tiger ist schädlich. Richtig: Der Tiger ist gefährlich.
Another common error is the confusion with 'giftig' (toxic/poisonous). While something 'giftig' is usually 'schädlich', the reverse isn't always true. Sitting too much is 'schädlich' for your back, but it certainly isn't 'giftig'. Reserve 'giftig' for chemical toxicity.
- Overusing 'Schlecht'
- Learners often say 'Das ist schlecht für mich' when they mean 'Das ist schädlich für mich'. 'Schlecht' is generic (bad); 'schädlich' is specific (causing damage). Use 'schädlich' to sound more precise and advanced.
Ungestörtes Arbeiten ist gut, ständige Unterbrechungen sind schädlich für die Konzentration.
Confusing 'schädlich' with 'schadhaft' is a C1-level mistake. 'Schadhaft' means 'defective' or 'faulty' (like a broken wire), whereas 'schädlich' means 'causing harm'. A 'schadhafter' cable can be 'schädlich' for the device.
- Dative vs. Accusative with 'für'
- Always remember that the preposition 'für' always takes the accusative. 'Schädlich für dem Kind' is incorrect; it must be 'für das Kind'.
Diese Gesetze sind schädlich für die Wirtschaft.
By avoiding these pitfalls, you will use 'schädlich' with the precision of a native speaker, accurately describing the impact of various factors on the world around you.
To expand your German beyond the B1 level, it is helpful to know synonyms and related terms that carry slightly different nuances than schädlich.
- Nachteilig
- Meaning 'disadvantageous'. It is less intense than 'schädlich'. Use it for situations where there is a drawback but not necessarily active destruction. 'Eine nachteilige Entscheidung' (A disadvantageous decision).
- Abträglich
- A very formal synonym, often used in professional or academic contexts. It often appears as 'der Gesundheit abträglich' (detrimental to health). It sounds more elegant than 'schädlich'.
Langes Sitzen ist der Körperhaltung abträglich.
When discussing ethics or morality, you might use 'verderblich' (pernicious/corrupting). This is common in literature or religious contexts, describing 'verderbliche Einflüsse' (corrupting influences) on youth or society.
- Kontraproduktiv
- This is a great 'false friend' to avoid. It means 'counterproductive'. It is 'schädlich' to a specific goal. 'Ständiges Korrigieren kann beim Sprachenlernen kontraproduktiv sein.'
Diese Maßnahme ist kontraproduktiv für unser Projekt.
For physical damage to objects, you might hear 'ruinös' (ruinous) or 'zerstörerisch' (destructive). 'Schädlich' is usually the cause, while 'zerstörerisch' is the action. 'Der schädliche Rost' (the harmful rust) vs 'Der zerstörerische Sturm' (the destructive storm).
- Heilsam
- Often the opposite of 'schädlich' in a medical or spiritual sense. 'Ein heilsamer Schock' (a salutary shock) or 'heilsame Kräuter' (healing herbs).
Sport ist förderlich für die Gesundheit.
By mastering these alternatives, you can tailor your German to the specific type of harm or benefit you are describing, making your speech more precise and sophisticated.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The English word 'scathing' (as in a scathing review) is a linguistic cousin of 'schädlich'. Both imply a sharp, damaging effect.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'ch' as 'k' (schäd-lick).
- Pronouncing 'ä' as 'ah' (schad-lich).
- Missing the 't' sound in the middle.
- Pronouncing 'sch' like 's'.
- Incorrect stress on the second syllable.
难度评级
Easy to recognize in texts due to frequent use in warnings and news.
Requires correct adjective endings and the preposition 'für'.
The 'sch' and 'ch' sounds can be challenging for English speakers.
Clear pronunciation usually makes it easy to identify.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Adjective Declension
Ein schädlicher (masc. nom.) Stoff, eine schädliche (fem. nom.) Wirkung.
Preposition 'für'
Schädlich für die (acc.) Umwelt.
Comparison of Adjectives
Schädlich, schädlicher, am schädlichsten.
Compound Nouns/Adjectives
Umwelt + schädlich = umweltschädlich.
Dative Case with Adjectives
Dem Ruf schädlich (formal structure).
按水平分级的例句
Zucker ist schädlich.
Sugar is harmful.
Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.
Rauchen ist schädlich.
Smoking is harmful.
Predicative use of the adjective.
Ist das schädlich?
Is that harmful?
Question form.
Das ist nicht schädlich.
That is not harmful.
Negation with 'nicht'.
Zu viel Sonne ist schädlich.
Too much sun is harmful.
Adverb 'zu viel' modifying the subject.
Fast Food ist schädlich.
Fast food is harmful.
Generic statement.
Lärm ist schädlich.
Noise is harmful.
Abstract noun as subject.
Dieses Gift ist schädlich.
This poison is harmful.
Demonstrative pronoun 'dieses'.
Rauchen ist schädlich für die Lunge.
Smoking is harmful to the lungs.
Preposition 'für' + accusative.
Zu viel Kaffee ist schädlich für den Magen.
Too much coffee is harmful to the stomach.
Masculine accusative 'den Magen'.
Plastik ist schädlich für die Umwelt.
Plastic is harmful to the environment.
Environmental context.
Das ist ein schädliches Insekt.
That is a harmful insect.
Attributive use with neuter ending '-es'.
Vermeiden Sie schädliche Gewohnheiten.
Avoid harmful habits.
Plural adjective ending '-e'.
Diese Gase sind schädlich für das Klima.
These gases are harmful to the climate.
Plural subject.
Ist Fernsehen schädlich für Kinder?
Is watching TV harmful for children?
Plural accusative 'Kinder' (no article).
Ich finde dieses Mittel schädlich.
I find this remedy/agent harmful.
Verb 'finden' + object + adjective.
Stress kann sehr schädlich für die psychische Gesundheit sein.
Stress can be very harmful to mental health.
Modal verb 'kann' with 'sein'.
Wir müssen schädliche Einflüsse von unseren Kindern fernhalten.
We must keep harmful influences away from our children.
Separable verb 'fernhalten'.
Diese Chemikalie hat eine schädliche Wirkung auf das Wasser.
This chemical has a harmful effect on the water.
Noun-adjective combination 'schädliche Wirkung'.
Es ist schädlich, den ganzen Tag vor dem Computer zu sitzen.
It is harmful to sit in front of the computer all day.
Infinitiv mit 'zu' construction.
Manche Medikamente haben schädliche Nebenwirkungen.
Some medications have harmful side effects.
Plural accusative.
Der Einsatz von Pestiziden ist schädlich für die Bienen.
The use of pesticides is harmful to bees.
Genitive 'von Pestiziden'.
Viel Zucker ist schädlicher als wir dachten.
A lot of sugar is more harmful than we thought.
Comparative 'schädlicher'.
Die Fabrik stößt schädliche Abgase aus.
The factory emits harmful exhaust gases.
Separable verb 'ausstoßen'.
Langanhaltende Arbeitslosigkeit ist schädlich für das Selbstbewusstsein.
Long-term unemployment is harmful to self-confidence.
Abstract psychological context.
Das Gesetz könnte schädlich für den freien Wettbewerb sein.
The law could be harmful to free competition.
Subjunctive 'könnte'.
Wissenschaftler untersuchen die schädlichen Folgen des Klimawandels.
Scientists are investigating the harmful consequences of climate change.
Genitive plural 'des Klimawandels'.
Ein schädliches Arbeitsklima führt oft zu Kündigungen.
A harmful working atmosphere often leads to resignations.
Compound context 'Arbeitsklima'.
Diese Substanzen sind nachweislich schädlich für den menschlichen Organismus.
These substances are demonstrably harmful to the human organism.
Adverb 'nachweislich'.
Wir müssen die schädliche Produktion von Einwegplastik stoppen.
We must stop the harmful production of single-use plastic.
Attributive adjective in accusative.
Ein Mangel an Schlaf ist extrem schädlich für die Konzentration.
A lack of sleep is extremely harmful to concentration.
Prepositional phrase 'Mangel an'.
Die schädlichen Auswirkungen der Pandemie sind noch immer spürbar.
The harmful effects of the pandemic are still noticeable.
Participle 'spürbar'.
Solche protektionistischen Maßnahmen sind der globalen Wirtschaft schädlich.
Such protectionist measures are harmful to the global economy.
Dative without preposition (elevated style).
Die schädliche Rhetorik des Politikers spaltete die Gesellschaft.
The politician's harmful rhetoric divided society.
Abstract use in political discourse.
Es gilt, die potenziell schädlichen Langzeitfolgen der Technologie zu bewerten.
It is necessary to evaluate the potentially harmful long-term consequences of the technology.
Phrase 'Es gilt, ... zu'.
Das Urteil stufte die Praktiken als geschäftsschädigend und somit schädlich ein.
The verdict classified the practices as damaging to business and thus harmful.
Technical legal term 'geschäftsschädigend'.
Eine schädliche Überdosierung des Vitamins muss vermieden werden.
A harmful overdose of the vitamin must be avoided.
Passive voice 'muss vermieden werden'.
Die Studie belegt die schädliche Korrelation zwischen Armut und Bildungschancen.
The study proves the harmful correlation between poverty and educational opportunities.
Academic vocabulary 'Korrelation'.
Die schädlichen Dämpfe wurden durch die Belüftungsanlage neutralisiert.
The harmful vapors were neutralized by the ventilation system.
Passive voice in past tense.
Unkontrolliertes Wachstum kann für ein Unternehmen schädlich sein.
Uncontrolled growth can be harmful to a company.
Abstract business context.
Die schädliche Wirkung dieser Ideologie auf den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt ist verheerend.
The harmful effect of this ideology on social cohesion is devastating.
Complex noun phrases.
Es ist ein Trugschluss zu glauben, dass diese Reformen nicht schädlich seien.
It is a fallacy to believe that these reforms are not harmful.
Konjunktiv I 'seien'.
Die schädliche Natur des Narzissmus offenbart sich oft erst spät in einer Beziehung.
The harmful nature of narcissism often reveals itself only late in a relationship.
Psychological depth.
Trotz der schädlichen Evidenz hielt der Konzern an seiner Strategie fest.
Despite the harmful evidence, the corporation stuck to its strategy.
Preposition 'Trotz' + genitive.
Die schädlichen Emissionen müssen drastisch und unverzüglich reduziert werden.
Harmful emissions must be reduced drastically and immediately.
Modal passive with adverbs.
Inwieweit diese Substanzen für den Fötus schädlich sind, bleibt Gegenstand der Forschung.
To what extent these substances are harmful to the fetus remains a subject of research.
Indirect question 'Inwieweit'.
Die schädliche Einflussnahme fremder Mächte auf die Wahl wurde kritisiert.
The harmful influence of foreign powers on the election was criticized.
Passive voice with genitive attribute.
Diese schädliche Praxis ist tief in der Unternehmenskultur verwurzelt.
This harmful practice is deeply rooted in the corporate culture.
Metaphorical use.
常见搭配
常用短语
容易混淆的词
Gefährlich means 'dangerous' (immediate risk), while schädlich means 'harmful' (resulting damage).
Schlecht is generic 'bad', while schädlich specifically implies damage or harm.
Schadhaft means 'defective' (like a broken machine), not 'causing harm'.
习语与表达
— To neutralize or render something/someone harmless.
Die Polizei konnte den Täter unschädlich machen.
neutral— Metaphor for a dangerous or harmful area/neighborhood (rare/regional).
Das ist ein schädliches Pflaster für junge Leute.
informal— To be extremely angry (related to 'giftig/schädlich' concepts).
Er spuckte Gift und Galle vor Wut.
informal— To rush into one's own ruin (related to 'verderblich').
Mit dieser Strategie rennt die Firma ins Verderben.
literary— To let the fox guard the henhouse (hiring someone harmful to the task).
Ihn zum Chef zu machen, hieße, den Bock zum Gärtner zu machen.
informal— To go astray/start doing harmful things.
Ohne Hilfe gerät er auf die schiefe Bahn.
informal— To undermine someone (harm their position).
Die Konkurrenz versucht, uns das Wasser abzugraben.
neutral— To harm oneself by one's own actions.
Wenn du kündigst, schneidest du dich ins eigene Fleisch.
informal— To cause bad blood/harmful feelings.
Seine Kommentare haben viel böses Blut gemacht.
neutral— To be crushed/harmed by a system.
Viele kleine Läden kommen unter die Räder.
informal容易混淆
Both imply negative health effects.
Giftig means toxic/poisonous; schädlich is broader and includes things like stress or bad habits.
Lärm ist schädlich, aber nicht giftig.
Both mean 'bad' or 'harmful'.
Bösartig usually means 'malicious' (people) or 'malignant' (cancer); schädlich is for general harm.
Ein bösartiger Tumor ist extrem schädlich.
Both mean harmful.
Verderblich is literary/moral or refers to food rotting.
Fleisch ist leicht verderblich.
Both mean not good for you.
Nachteilig means disadvantageous; it's less severe than schädlich.
Ein hoher Preis ist nachteilig für den Verkauf.
Both imply negative conditions.
Widrig means 'adverse' or 'contrary', usually regarding weather or circumstances.
Widrige Umstände erschwerten die Arbeit.
句型
[Subject] ist schädlich.
Zucker ist schädlich.
[Subject] ist schädlich für [Object-Acc].
Rauchen ist schädlich für die Lunge.
[Adjective-Ending] schädliche [Noun] haben [Noun].
Schädliche Gase haben negative Folgen.
Es ist schädlich, [Infinitiv mit zu].
Es ist schädlich, zu viel zu essen.
[Subject] gilt als [Adverb] schädlich.
Diese Substanz gilt als extrem schädlich.
Wegen der schädlichen [Noun-Gen] ...
Wegen der schädlichen Wirkung des Rauchens ...
[Subject] ist [Dative-Noun] schädlich.
Das ist seinem Ruf schädlich.
Die [Adjective] Natur von [Noun-Gen] erweist sich als schädlich.
Die destruktive Natur von Neid erweist sich als schädlich.
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Common in health, environment, and news contexts.
-
Rauchen ist schädlich zu die Gesundheit.
→
Rauchen ist schädlich für die Gesundheit.
The preposition 'für' is used with 'schädlich', not 'zu'.
-
Der Tiger ist schädlich.
→
Der Tiger ist gefährlich.
'Schädlich' is for long-term harm; 'gefährlich' is for immediate danger.
-
Ein schädliche Stoff.
→
Ein schädlicher Stoff.
Adjective declension: masculine nominative needs the '-er' ending after 'ein'.
-
Das ist schädlich für dem Kind.
→
Das ist schädlich für das Kind.
The preposition 'für' always takes the accusative case.
-
Ich habe einen schädlich Computer.
→
Ich habe einen schadhaften Computer.
If the computer is broken/defective, use 'schadhaft'. 'Schädlich' means the computer is harming you.
小贴士
Endings Matter
When using 'schädlich' before a noun, remember the adjective endings. 'Ein schädlichER Stoff' (masculine), 'Eine schädlichE Wirkung' (feminine), 'Ein schädlichES Gas' (neuter).
Compound Power
Learn words like 'umweltschädlich' and 'gesundheitsschädlich'. They are very common in German newspapers and exams.
Preposition Choice
Always use 'für' with 'schädlich' to indicate the victim of the harm. It's the most natural way to speak.
Formal Writing
In academic papers, replace 'schädlich' with 'abträglich' or 'nachteilig' to sound more sophisticated.
The Soft CH
Don't say 'schäd-lick'. The 'ch' should be soft. Practice saying 'ich' and then 'schädlich'.
Environment First
Germany is very eco-conscious. You will hear 'schädlich' most often in discussions about the climate and pollution.
Scale of Harm
Remember: schlecht < schädlich < gefährlich < tödlich.
News Keywords
In the news, 'schädlich' is a keyword for negative consequences. Listen for it during political debates.
The 'Damage' Link
Link 'schädlich' to 'Schaden' (damage). If you know 'Schaden', you know the root of 'schädlich'.
Warning Others
Use 'Das ist schädlich!' as a strong warning. It sounds more objective and serious than 'Das ist nicht gut!'
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'SHED-lick'. If you 'shed' (lose) something good because of a 'lick' (touch) of something bad, it is 'schädlich'.
视觉联想
Imagine a skull and crossbones (the symbol for poison) with the word 'SCHÄDLICH' written in bright red across it.
Word Web
挑战
Try to find three things in your house that have a 'schädlich' warning on the label and write them down in German.
词源
Derived from the Middle High German 'schadelich' and Old High German 'scadalīh'. It comes from the Proto-Germanic root '*skathan-', which also gave rise to the English word 'scathe' (as in 'unscathed').
原始含义： The root originally meant 'to separate' or 'to divide', which evolved into 'to damage' or 'to hurt'.
Germanic文化背景
When describing people's behavior as 'schädlich', it can be perceived as a very strong, objective criticism.
In English, we often use 'bad for' or 'harmful'. 'Schädlich' sounds slightly more formal than 'bad for' but is used just as frequently in health contexts.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Health and Medicine
- schädlich für das Herz
- schädliche Nebenwirkungen
- gesundheitsschädlich
- schädliche Keime
Environment
- umweltschädlich
- schädliche Emissionen
- schädlich für die Ozonschicht
- klimaschädlich
Business and Economy
- geschäftsschädigend
- schädlich für den Wettbewerb
- nachteilige Folgen
- schädliches Arbeitsklima
Education and Media
- schädliche Inhalte
- schädlicher Einfluss
- schädlich für die Konzentration
- verderbliche Literatur
Technology
- schädliche Software (Malware)
- schädliche Strahlung
- schädliche Dämpfe
- schadhaftes Material
对话开场白
"Glaubst du, dass soziale Medien schädlich für Jugendliche sind?"
"Welche Gewohnheiten sind deiner Meinung nach am schädlichsten?"
"Sollten umweltschädliche Produkte höher besteuert werden?"
"Ist Schlafmangel wirklich so schädlich, wie alle sagen?"
"Wie können wir schädliche Einflüsse in der Schule minimieren?"
日记主题
Schreibe über eine Gewohnheit, die du aufgegeben hast, weil sie schädlich war.
Diskutiere die schädlichen Auswirkungen von Plastik auf unsere Weltmeere.
Reflektiere darüber, wann Kritik nützlich und wann sie schädlich ist.
Beschreibe ein Produkt, das du gekauft hast, das sich als schädlich herausstellte.
Welche Rolle spielt die Regierung beim Schutz der Bürger vor schädlichen Substanzen?
常见问题
10 个问题'Gefährlich' means dangerous, suggesting an immediate threat (like a tiger). 'Schädlich' means harmful, suggesting damage that occurs (like smoking). You can be in a dangerous situation without being harmed yet, but something harmful always causes damage.
You can describe a person's behavior or influence as 'schädlich' (e.g., 'ein schädlicher Einfluss'), but you wouldn't usually call a person 'ein schädlicher Mensch' unless you mean they are toxic to a group.
Mostly, yes. In very formal or older German, you might see it with the dative case alone (e.g., 'der Gesundheit schädlich'), but 'für' + Accusative is the standard modern way.
Yes, 'unschädlich' means harmless. It is very common in the phrase 'jemanden/etwas unschädlich machen' (to neutralize someone/something).
The most common way is the compound word 'umweltschädlich'.
No, for food that has gone bad, you use 'verdorben'. If the food is naturally harmful (like a poisonous mushroom), you use 'giftig' or 'schädlich'.
A 'Schädling' is a pest, like a rat, an insect that eats crops, or even a computer virus.
It is a medium-strength word. It is stronger than 'schlecht' but less intense than 'tödlich' (lethal) or 'verheerend' (devastating).
Yes, it is very common to talk about 'schädlicher Wettbewerb' (harmful competition) or 'geschäftsschädigend' (damaging to business).
It is the soft 'ich-laut'. Your tongue should be near the roof of your mouth, and you blow air through, like a cat hissing softly.
自我测试 180 个问题
Translate: 'Smoking is harmful to your health.'
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Translate: 'Too much sugar is harmful to the teeth.'
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Translate: 'These chemicals are harmful to the environment.'
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Translate: 'Noise can be harmful to the ears.'
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Translate: 'We must avoid harmful influences.'
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Write a sentence using 'umweltschädlich'.
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Translate: 'Is it harmful to sit too much?'
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Translate: 'The factory emits harmful gases.'
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Translate: 'This decision is harmful to the company.'
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Translate: 'Stress is harmful to mental health.'
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Translate: 'Avoid harmful habits.'
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Translate: 'The drug has harmful side effects.'
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Translate: 'Lies are harmful to a relationship.'
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Translate: 'Sunlight is harmful without protection.'
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Translate: 'The report mentions harmful substances.'
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Translate: 'Monopolies are harmful to the economy.'
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Translate: 'The influences were harmful to the child.'
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Translate: 'Is this spray harmful?'
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Translate: 'They neutralized the harmful device.'
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Translate: 'Sugar is more harmful than fat.'
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Say: 'Smoking is harmful.'
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Say: 'Plastic is harmful to the environment.'
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Say: 'Is that harmful for me?'
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Say: 'Too much stress is harmful.'
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Say: 'We need to avoid harmful substances.'
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Say: 'Sugar is harmful to the teeth.'
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Say: 'That is harmful to your health.'
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Say: 'Noise is harmful to the ears.'
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Say: 'It is harmful to sit all day.'
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Say: 'These gases are harmful to the climate.'
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Say: 'Is this spray harmful for children?'
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Say: 'Don't do that, it's harmful!'
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Say: 'The factory is environmentally harmful.'
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Say: 'That was a harmful decision.'
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Say: 'Harmful influences should be avoided.'
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Say: 'The side effects are harmful.'
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Say: 'Is coffee harmful for the stomach?'
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Say: 'This is harmful to the competition.'
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Say: 'The radiation is harmful.'
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Say: 'Neutralize the harmful substance.'
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Listen and identify: 'Rauchen ist schädlich.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädlich für die Umwelt.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädliche Einflüsse.'
Listen and identify: 'Gesundheitsschädlich.'
Listen and identify: 'Umweltschädlich.'
Listen and identify: 'Potenziell schädlich.'
Listen and identify: 'Nachweislich schädlich.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädliche Gase.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädliche Nebenwirkungen.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädliches Arbeitsklima.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädlich für die Zähne.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädliche Substanzen.'
Listen and identify: 'Klimaschädlich.'
Listen and identify: 'Unschädlich machen.'
Listen and identify: 'Schädliche Strahlung.'
Rauchen ist schädlich zu die Gesundheit.
Ein schädliche Stoff.
Das ist schädlich für dem Kind.
Autos sind umwelt schädlich.
Lärm ist schädlich für den Ohren.
Er ist ein schädlich Mensch.
Es ist schädlich zu rauchen.
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'schädlich' is the standard German adjective for 'harmful'. It is essential for discussing consequences in health, ecology, and professional life. Example: 'Plastik ist schädlich für die Meere' (Plastic is harmful to the seas).
- Schädlich means harmful or damaging in German.
- It is commonly used for health (smoking) and the environment (pollution).
- Use the preposition 'für' + Accusative to specify what is harmed.
- It is the opposite of 'nützlich' (useful) or 'förderlich' (beneficial).
Endings Matter
When using 'schädlich' before a noun, remember the adjective endings. 'Ein schädlichER Stoff' (masculine), 'Eine schädlichE Wirkung' (feminine), 'Ein schädlichES Gas' (neuter).
Compound Power
Learn words like 'umweltschädlich' and 'gesundheitsschädlich'. They are very common in German newspapers and exams.
Preposition Choice
Always use 'für' with 'schädlich' to indicate the victim of the harm. It's the most natural way to speak.
Formal Writing
In academic papers, replace 'schädlich' with 'abträglich' or 'nachteilig' to sound more sophisticated.
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