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B1 noun 9分钟阅读

disturbo

开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 disturbo 30秒了解
解析 disturbo in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic Italian vocabulary. Words like 'disturbo' would be beyond their current scope, as it involves more abstract concepts than simple greetings or everyday objects. Understanding the nuances of 'disturbo' requires a foundational vocabulary and a grasp of sentence structure that is not yet developed at this stage. Focus at A1 is on survival phrases and high-frequency, concrete nouns and verbs.
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For A2 learners, the focus is on expanding vocabulary related to personal information, immediate surroundings, and routine activities. While they might encounter simple expressions like 'scusi il disturbo' in very basic contexts, a full understanding of 'disturbo' with its dual meanings is unlikely. They might grasp the 'interruption' meaning in a very direct, polite phrase, but the 'mental problem' meaning would be too complex. Vocabulary at A2 is still largely concrete and situation-specific.
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At the B1 level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. They can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. 'Disturbo' fits well here. Learners can start to understand its use in polite requests ('scusi il disturbo') and as a general term for an annoyance or disruption. They may also begin to encounter its use in discussing common health issues or problems, though detailed understanding of psychological terms might still be developing.
B2 learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. 'Disturbo' is well within their grasp. They can confidently differentiate between its use as an interruption/nuisance and its use in medical or psychological contexts. They can also understand compound terms involving 'disturbo' (e.g., 'disturbo alimentare', 'disturbo della personalità') and engage in discussions about these topics with greater accuracy.
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C1 learners have a high degree of fluency and spontaneity. They can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. 'Disturbo' is a word they would use with precision. They can appreciate subtle differences in its usage, understand its idiomatic applications, and discuss complex psychological and social issues using 'disturbo' and its related vocabulary accurately and effectively. They can also discern its register and formality.
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C2 learners have an effortless command of the language, with a high degree of grammatical accuracy. They understand virtually everything heard or read. For C2 learners, 'disturbo' is a basic element of their vocabulary. They would not only use it correctly but also understand its historical etymology, its subtle connotations in literature or specialized texts, and its full range of idiomatic and figurative uses. They can also analyze its linguistic function in various discourse types.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

disturbo 30秒了解

  • Disturbo: interruption, nuisance, or mental disorder.
  • Use 'scusi il disturbo' politely.
  • Context is key to understanding meaning.
  • Plural: disturbi.

Understanding "Disturbo"

The Italian word disturbo is a versatile noun that can refer to two main concepts: an interruption or a disturbance, and a mental or psychological problem. Its meaning is often clarified by the context in which it is used. In everyday conversations, it's frequently employed to describe something that disrupts the normal flow of events or causes annoyance.

Interruption/Annoyance
When used in this sense, 'disturbo' signifies an event or action that breaks the peace, quiet, or continuity of something. It can be a minor inconvenience or a more significant disruption.
Mental/Psychological Issue
In a more clinical or serious context, 'disturbo' can refer to a mental health disorder or a psychological condition. This usage is often found in medical or psychological discussions.

Scusi il disturbo, posso chiederle un'informazione?

Excuse the interruption, may I ask you for some information?

Il rumore costante era un vero disturbo.

The constant noise was a real nuisance.

Ha sofferto di un disturbo del sonno dopo l'incidente.

He suffered from a sleep disorder after the accident.

In informal settings, 'disturbo' is often used politely when approaching someone, like saying "scusi il disturbo" (excuse the interruption/trouble). This shows consideration for the other person's time and activities. It can also describe a general feeling of unease or agitation, though this is less common than the other two primary meanings.

Putting "Disturbo" into Practice

Mastering 'disturbo' involves understanding its grammatical behavior and its common collocations. As a noun, it can be preceded by articles (il, un, lo, la, i, gli, le) and possessives, and it can take on singular and plural forms ('disturbo' and 'disturbi'). Its flexibility allows it to fit into a variety of sentence structures.

As an Interruption or Nuisance:

When referring to an interruption or something causing annoyance, 'disturbo' often appears in sentences describing actions or states:

Il traffico ha causato un disturbo significativo alla mia routine mattutina.

The traffic caused a significant disruption to my morning routine.

Non volevo causare alcun disturbo, sono entrato silenziosamente.

I didn't want to cause any trouble, I entered quietly.

As a Mental or Psychological Problem:

In this context, 'disturbo' is typically used with verbs like 'avere' (to have), 'soffrire di' (to suffer from), or in medical diagnoses:

Il bambino ha un disturbo dell'apprendimento diagnosticato.

The child has a diagnosed learning disorder.

È importante cercare aiuto se si sospetta un disturbo d'ansia.

It is important to seek help if an anxiety disorder is suspected.

The plural form, 'disturbi', is used when referring to multiple interruptions or multiple types of problems:

Multiple Interruptions
Le continue telefonate erano fonte di molti disturbi durante la riunione.
The continuous phone calls were a source of many disruptions during the meeting.
Multiple Health Issues
Il paziente presentava diversi disturbi neurologici.
The patient presented with several neurological disorders.

Real-World Usage of "Disturbo"

You'll encounter 'disturbo' in a variety of settings, reflecting its dual meaning. Its frequency and context are key to understanding which sense is intended.

Everyday Interactions:

In casual conversations and public spaces, 'disturbo' often appears in polite requests or apologies for minor inconveniences. It's a common way to acknowledge that you might be bothering someone.

Asking for Help
If you need to ask a stranger for directions or information, you might start with: "Mi scusi il disturbo, sa dirmi dov'è la stazione?" (Excuse the interruption, can you tell me where the station is?).
Apologizing for Noise
If you're having a party or doing something that might be noisy, you might tell your neighbors: "Spero di non causarvi troppo disturbo con la musica." (I hope not to cause you too much bother with the music).
Describing Annoyances
When something is irritating, like persistent advertising or loud construction, Italians might say: "Questi volantini sono un vero disturbo." (These flyers are a real nuisance).

Medical and Psychological Contexts:

In more formal or specialized settings, 'disturbo' takes on its meaning related to health conditions.

Doctor's Office
A doctor might ask: "Ha notato qualche disturbo particolare ultimamente?" (Have you noticed any particular disorder or symptom lately?).
Psychology/Psychiatry
When discussing mental health, terms like 'disturbo bipolare' (bipolar disorder), 'disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo' (obsessive-compulsive disorder), or 'disturbo alimentare' (eating disorder) are common.
General Health Discussions
You might hear someone say: "Il mio disturbo di sonno mi impedisce di riposare bene." (My sleep disorder prevents me from resting well).

News and Media:

News reports might cover events causing widespread disruption or discuss societal issues related to mental health.

Reporting Events
"Lo sciopero dei trasporti ha causato gravi disturbi alla circolazione." (The transport strike caused serious disruptions to traffic).
Social Commentary
An article might discuss the impact of social media on the mental well-being of young people, mentioning potential 'disturbi psicologici'.

Avoiding Pitfalls with "Disturbo"

While 'disturbo' is a common word, learners can sometimes misuse it, particularly by confusing its different meanings or by using it in inappropriate contexts. Being aware of these common errors can significantly improve your fluency and accuracy.

Mistake 1: Confusing the two main meanings

The most frequent error is using 'disturbo' in a medical context when you intend to mean a simple interruption, or vice versa. The context is paramount.

Incorrect Usage
"Scusi il disturbo, ho un forte mal di testa." (Excuse the disorder, I have a bad headache.) - This sounds like you are apologizing for having a medical disorder, which is not the intended meaning.
Correct Usage
"Scusi il disturbo, posso chiederle un bicchiere d'acqua?" (Excuse the interruption, may I ask for a glass of water?) - Here, 'disturbo' correctly refers to the minor interruption of asking for water.
Correct Usage (Medical)
"Ho un disturbo del sonno." (I have a sleep disorder.) - This correctly uses 'disturbo' to refer to a medical condition.

Mistake 2: Overusing "Disturbo" for Minor Annoyances

While 'disturbo' can mean nuisance, sometimes simpler or more direct expressions are more natural for very minor annoyances.

Potentially Awkward
"Il moscerino era un disturbo." (The little fly was a disruption.) - While understandable, it might sound a bit formal or overly dramatic for a tiny fly.
More Natural Alternatives
"Il moscerino mi dava fastidio." (The little fly was bothering me.) or "Il moscerino era fastidioso." (The little fly was annoying).

Mistake 3: Incorrect Pluralization or Gender Agreement

Like all Italian nouns, 'disturbo' must agree in gender and number with articles and adjectives. The plural is 'disturbi'.

Incorrect Agreement
"Ho avuto un disturbi durante il viaggio." (I had a disorders during the trip.) - 'Un' requires a singular noun.
Correct Agreement
"Ho avuto un disturbo durante il viaggio." (I had a disruption during the trip.)
Incorrect Agreement
"I rumori erano molti disturbo." (The noises were many disruption.) - 'Molti' requires a plural noun.
Correct Agreement
"I rumori erano molti disturbi." (The noises were many disruptions.)

Exploring Synonyms and Related Terms for "Disturbo"

Understanding 'disturbo' is enhanced by knowing words with similar meanings and how they differ in nuance and usage. This allows for more precise and natural expression in Italian.

For Interruption/Nuisance:

Interruzione (f.)
This noun specifically means 'interruption' in the sense of a break in continuity. It's more neutral than 'disturbo' and focuses purely on the cessation of an activity.
Example: "C'è stata un'interruzione di corrente." (There was a power outage/interruption.) - Here, 'disturbo' would imply a problem caused by the outage, not just the outage itself.
Fastidio (m.)
This refers to annoyance, bother, or nuisance. It's often used more informally and can describe a feeling or a source of irritation.
Example: "Che fastidio questo rumore!" (What a nuisance this noise is!) - 'Disturbo' could also be used here, but 'fastidio' is more direct about the feeling of annoyance.
Inquietudine (f.)
This means unease, restlessness, or disquiet. It's a feeling rather than an external event.
Example: "Sentiva un'inquietudine crescente." (He felt a growing unease.) - This is a feeling, not an external interruption or disorder.

For Mental/Psychological Problems:

Malattia (f.)
This is a general term for 'illness' or 'sickness'. 'Disturbo' is often more specific, referring to a particular type of problem (mental, psychological, or a specific symptom).
Example: "Ha una grave malattia." (He has a serious illness.) - This could be physical or mental. "Ha un grave disturbo mentale." is more specific.
Problema (m.)
A general term for 'problem'. It can be used for both physical and mental issues, but 'disturbo' is more specific when referring to recognized psychological conditions.
Example: "Ho un problema di concentrazione." (I have a concentration problem.) - This is very similar to "Ho un disturbo della concentrazione." 'Disturbo' might imply a more defined condition.
Patologia (f.)
This is a more technical and formal term for 'pathology' or 'disease', often used in medical and scientific contexts. It's generally more serious than 'disturbo'.
Example: "La patologia è stata diagnosticata precocemente." (The pathology was diagnosed early.) - This is a more clinical term than 'disturbo'.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root 'turb-' relates to 'turba', meaning crowd or confusion, and also 'turbo', meaning whirlwind or storm. So, 'disturbare' literally meant to throw into confusion or agitation, like a storm disrupting calm weather.

发音指南

UK /dɪsˈtɜːrbəʊ/
US /dɪsˈtɝːbə/
The stress falls on the second syllable: dis-TUR-bo.
押韵词
sorbo morbido torbido corpo scopo topo lobo tempo
常见错误
  • Pronouncing the 'u' as in 'put' instead of the 'ur' sound.
  • Placing stress on the first syllable.
  • Pronouncing the final 'o' too strongly.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

At B1, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters. 'Disturbo' fits this, especially in everyday contexts like polite requests or descriptions of annoyances. However, understanding its use in complex medical or psychological texts might require higher proficiency.

写作 3/5

B1 learners can write simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. They can use 'disturbo' in basic sentences, but might struggle with nuanced usage or complex compound terms.

口语 3/5

B1 speakers can enter unprepared into conversation on topics that are familiar, of personal interest or concerning matters of daily life. Using 'scusi il disturbo' or describing a simple annoyance is achievable, but discussing complex psychological issues might be challenging.

听力 3/5

B1 listeners can understand the main points of clear standard speech on familiar matters. They should be able to grasp the meaning of 'disturbo' in common contexts, but might miss subtleties in faster or more technical speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

scusare interruzione problema rumore sonno

接下来学习

fastidio molestia inquietudine benessere psicologico

高级

patologia disfunzione sintomatologia eziologia terapia

需要掌握的语法

Noun-Adjective Agreement

Il disturbo è grave. I disturbi sono gravi.

Use of Articles with Nouns

Ho letto di un disturbo psicologico. Il disturbo era complesso.

Prepositions with Verbs

Avere disturbi di digestione. Causare disturbi a qualcuno.

Pluralization of Nouns

Un disturbo -> Molti disturbi.

Verb 'Disturbare' (to disturb/bother)

Non disturbare il cane.

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按水平分级的例句

1

Scusi?

Excuse me?

2

Permesso.

Excuse me (to pass).

3

Un momento, per favore.

One moment, please.

4

Non capisco.

I don't understand.

5

Posso?

May I?

6

Grazie.

Thank you.

7

Prego.

You're welcome / Please (to enter).

8

Mi dispiace.

I'm sorry.

1

Scusi il disturbo, posso entrare?

Excuse the interruption, may I come in?

'Disturbo' used here as a polite way to acknowledge a minor intrusion.

2

C'è troppo rumore, è un disturbo.

There is too much noise, it's a nuisance.

'Disturbo' used to describe something annoying.

3

Non volevo disturbare.

I didn't want to bother.

This uses the verb form 'disturbare', related to the noun 'disturbo'.

4

Ho un piccolo problema.

I have a small problem.

'Problema' is a more general term, but can overlap with the 'nuisance' meaning of 'disturbo'.

5

Posso fare una domanda?

May I ask a question?

Similar situation where 'scusi il disturbo' might be used.

6

La musica è troppo alta.

The music is too loud.

This describes a situation that could cause a 'disturbo'.

7

Mi scusi, non volevo interrompere.

Excuse me, I didn't want to interrupt.

Directly addresses the act of interruption.

8

Questo è un vero fastidio.

This is a real nuisance.

'Fastidio' is a synonym for nuisance/annoyance.

1

Mi scusi il disturbo, potrebbe aiutarmi con questa valigia?

Excuse the trouble/interruption, could you help me with this suitcase?

'Disturbo' used politely to acknowledge the imposition of asking for help.

2

Il continuo rumore del traffico è un vero disturbo per chi vive qui.

The continuous traffic noise is a real nuisance for those who live here.

'Disturbo' refers to an ongoing annoyance.

3

Il medico mi ha diagnosticato un disturbo d'ansia.

The doctor diagnosed me with an anxiety disorder.

'Disturbo' used in a medical context for a psychological condition.

4

Non preoccuparti, non è un grosso disturbo.

Don't worry, it's not a big bother/trouble.

'Disturbo' used to downplay the inconvenience.

5

Ho difficoltà a dormire a causa di questo disturbo del sonno.

I have difficulty sleeping because of this sleep disorder.

'Disturbo' used specifically for a sleep disorder.

6

Spero che la mia visita non le causi troppo disturbo.

I hope my visit doesn't cause you too much trouble.

'Disturbo' refers to the inconvenience of a visit.

7

Il bambino ha un disturbo dell'apprendimento.

The child has a learning disorder.

'Disturbo' used for a specific learning difficulty.

8

Qualsiasi interruzione durante lo studio è un disturbo.

Any interruption during study is a nuisance.

'Disturbo' used to describe the negative impact of interruptions.

1

Il paziente ha manifestato un disturbo bipolare durante l'adolescenza.

The patient manifested bipolar disorder during adolescence.

'Disturbo bipolare' is a specific psychological condition.

2

Le continue interruzioni nella rete elettrica hanno causato notevoli disturbi alla produzione industriale.

The continuous interruptions in the power grid caused considerable disruptions to industrial production.

'Disturbi' (plural) used for significant negative impacts on a system.

3

È importante non sottovalutare i primi segni di un disturbo alimentare.

It is important not to underestimate the first signs of an eating disorder.

'Disturbo alimentare' is a recognized medical term.

4

Il rumore proveniente dal cantiere è un disturbo costante per i residenti.

The noise coming from the construction site is a constant nuisance for the residents.

'Disturbo costante' emphasizes the ongoing nature of the nuisance.

5

La sua personalità è stata influenzata da un disturbo della personalità non diagnosticato.

His personality was influenced by an undiagnosed personality disorder.

'Disturbo della personalità' is a specific diagnostic category.

6

Non ho voluto creare disturbo, ho solo bussato piano.

I didn't want to cause trouble/bother, I just knocked softly.

'Creare disturbo' is a common idiomatic phrase for causing bother.

7

Le proteste hanno causato seri disturbi all'ordine pubblico.

The protests caused serious disruptions to public order.

'Disturbi all'ordine pubblico' refers to disturbances of peace and order.

8

Ha sofferto di disturbi del sonno per anni prima di trovare una cura.

He suffered from sleep disorders for years before finding a cure.

'Disturbi del sonno' (plural) indicates multiple or persistent sleep issues.

1

La prolungata esposizione a stimoli visivi complessi può indurre disturbi percettivi.

Prolonged exposure to complex visual stimuli can induce perceptual disorders.

'Disturbi percettivi' refers to conditions affecting perception.

2

Il dibattito politico ha generato non pochi disturbi sociali.

The political debate generated quite a few social disturbances.

'Disturbi sociali' implies unrest or social disruption.

3

La sua condizione è stata classificata come un disturbo dello spettro autistico.

His condition has been classified as an autism spectrum disorder.

'Disturbo dello spettro autistico' is a precise diagnostic term.

4

I disturbi gastrointestinali sono comuni dopo un'intossicazione alimentare.

Gastrointestinal disturbances are common after food poisoning.

'Disturbi gastrointestinali' refers to problems within the digestive system.

5

Nonostante le rassicurazioni, avvertiva un sottile disturbo interiore.

Despite the reassurances, he felt a subtle inner disturbance.

'Disturbo interiore' refers to an internal, psychological unease.

6

La mancanza di sonno può esacerbare disturbi preesistenti.

Lack of sleep can exacerbate pre-existing disorders.

'Esacerbare' means to make worse; 'disturbi preesistenti' refers to conditions already present.

7

Il suo comportamento anomalo era sintomo di un profondo disturbo psicologico.

His abnormal behavior was a symptom of a deep psychological disorder.

'Profondo disturbo psicologico' indicates a severe mental health issue.

8

Le manifestazioni artistiche hanno talvolta l'intento di creare un disturbo intellettuale nello spettatore.

Artistic manifestations sometimes aim to create an intellectual disturbance in the viewer.

'Disturbo intellettuale' suggests challenging or unsettling ideas.

1

L'analisi fenomenologica cerca di cogliere l'essenza del disturbo esistenziale.

Phenomenological analysis seeks to grasp the essence of existential disturbance.

'Disturbo esistenziale' is a complex philosophical and psychological concept.

2

La iatrogenesi, ovvero i disturbi indotti da cure mediche, è un campo di studio delicato.

Iatrogenesis, or disorders induced by medical treatment, is a delicate field of study.

'Disturbi indotti' refers to problems caused by medical intervention.

3

Il trauma infantile può lasciare cicatrici profonde, manifestandosi in disturbi dissociativi in età adulta.

Childhood trauma can leave deep scars, manifesting in dissociative disorders in adulthood.

'Disturbi dissociativi' are complex psychological conditions often linked to trauma.

4

La sua prosa, seppur apparentemente lineare, è intrisa di un sottile disturbo emotivo.

His prose, though seemingly linear, is imbued with a subtle emotional disturbance.

'Disturbo emotivo' refers to underlying emotional distress.

5

La sovrapposizione sintomatologica rende talvolta ardua la distinzione tra diversi disturbi neurologici.

Symptomatic overlap sometimes makes it difficult to distinguish between different neurological disorders.

'Disturbi neurologici' implies complex medical conditions of the nervous system.

6

Il concetto di 'perturbazione' è centrale nello studio dei sistemi caotici, ma 'disturbo' può indicare un'alterazione più specifica.

The concept of 'perturbation' is central to the study of chaotic systems, but 'disturbo' can indicate a more specific alteration.

Compares 'disturbo' with a related scientific term 'perturbazione'.

7

L'arte concettuale mira a scardinare le certezze, provocando un 'disturbo' cognitivo nello spettatore.

Conceptual art aims to dismantle certainties, provoking a cognitive 'disturbance' in the viewer.

'Disturbo cognitivo' refers to a disruption in mental processes.

8

La sua ricerca si concentra sulla neurobiologia dei disturbi dell'umore.

His research focuses on the neurobiology of mood disorders.

'Disturbi dell'umore' is a category of psychological disorders.

常见搭配

scusi il disturbo
causare disturbo
disturbo del sonno
disturbo d'ansia
disturbo alimentare
disturbo della quiete
disturbo della concentrazione
creare disturbo
disturbo della personalità
lieve disturbo

常用短语

Scusi il disturbo.

— This is a polite way to say 'excuse me' when you need to interrupt someone or ask for something, acknowledging that you might be causing them a minor inconvenience.

Scusi il disturbo, potrebbe dirmi l'ora?

Non volevo causare disturbo.

— This phrase is used to apologize for any inconvenience or bother you might have caused, often after the fact.

Mi dispiace se sono arrivato tardi, non volevo causare disturbo.

Che disturbo!

— Said sarcastically or in exasperation, this means 'What a nuisance!' or 'What a bother!'

Devo rifare tutto da capo? Che disturbo!

Avere disturbi di...

— To have problems with... or to suffer from... This is commonly used for health issues.

Ho disturbi di digestione dopo i pasti.

Dare disturbo

— To bother, to disturb, to cause trouble.

Non dare disturbo ai tuoi genitori mentre lavorano.

Disturbo della quiete

— A legal or formal term for disturbing the peace, often used in relation to noise complaints.

La polizia è intervenuta per disturbo della quiete pubblica.

Disturbo visivo

— Visual impairment or disturbance.

A causa del sole, ho avuto un disturbo visivo temporaneo.

Disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo (DOC)

— Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

Il DOC è un disturbo psicologico che richiede terapia.

Disturbo dello spettro autistico

— Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

La diagnosi precoce del disturbo dello spettro autistico è fondamentale.

Lieve disturbo

— A minor inconvenience or slight disturbance.

Mi scusi, è stato solo un lieve disturbo.

容易混淆的词

disturbo vs interruzione

'Interruzione' specifically means a break in continuity. 'Disturbo' often implies a negative consequence or annoyance associated with that interruption, or it can refer to a mental issue, which 'interruzione' does not.

disturbo vs fastidio

'Fastidio' is very similar to 'disturbo' when it means nuisance or annoyance. 'Fastidio' often emphasizes the feeling of being bothered, while 'disturbo' can also refer to the external cause of the bother or a more formal disruption.

disturbo vs problema

'Problema' is a general term for 'problem'. 'Disturbo' is more specific when referring to recognized psychological or neurological conditions, or a specific type of disruption.

习语与表达

"Non ti preoccupare, non è un disturbo."

— Don't worry, it's not a bother/trouble. This is a reassuring phrase to let someone know their request or action is not causing inconvenience.

Grazie per avermi aiutato! - Non ti preoccupare, non è un disturbo.

Informal/Neutral
"Causare un disturbo alla quiete pubblica."

— To cause a disturbance to public peace. This is a more formal or legalistic way of saying someone is disrupting public order, often through noise or unruly behavior.

La festa troppo rumorosa ha causato un disturbo alla quiete pubblica.

Formal/Legal
"Essere un disturbo per qualcuno."

— To be a bother or a nuisance to someone. It implies being an imposition or causing inconvenience.

Non voglio essere un disturbo per te mentre studi.

Neutral
"Un disturbo passeggero."

— A temporary disturbance or slight inconvenience.

Spero che questo problema sia solo un disturbo passeggero.

Neutral
"Soffrire di disturbi del sonno."

— To suffer from sleep disorders. This phrase specifically refers to medical conditions that affect sleep patterns.

Molte persone soffrono di disturbi del sonno a causa dello stress.

Medical
"Non fare disturbo."

— Don't bother (someone). This is a command or advice to avoid causing inconvenience.

Quando vai a casa dei nonni, non fare disturbo.

Informal
"Il disturbo è mio."

— The trouble is mine / It's my pleasure (said ironically or genuinely). It can imply that the effort or inconvenience is gladly undertaken or, conversely, that the speaker is burdened but accepting it.

Grazie per avermi accompagnato. - Ma no, il disturbo è mio!

Neutral/Slightly formal
"Disturbo dell'equilibrio."

— Disturbance of balance. This can refer to physical balance issues or emotional/psychological imbalance.

La vertigine causa un disturbo dell'equilibrio.

Medical/Figurative
"Un disturbo della personalità."

— A personality disorder. This is a clinical term used in psychology and psychiatry.

La sua difficoltà relazionale era legata a un disturbo della personalità.

Medical/Psychological
"Disturbo sociale."

— Social disturbance or unrest. This refers to disruptions in social order or harmony.

Le proteste hanno creato un certo disturbo sociale.

Sociological/Formal

容易混淆

disturbo vs disturbo

Both 'disturbo' and 'fastidio' can mean nuisance or annoyance.

'Disturbo' can be more formal and can also refer to a disruption of peace or a medical condition. 'Fastidio' often focuses more on the subjective feeling of annoyance and is typically used for less severe or more temporary irritations.

Il rumore costante è un vero <strong>disturbo</strong> (nuisance/disruption). Quel moscerino mi dà <strong>fastidio</strong> (is annoying me).

disturbo vs disturbo

Both 'disturbo' and 'interruzione' relate to a break in activity.

'Interruzione' simply means a break or pause in continuity (e.g., a power outage). 'Disturbo' implies that the interruption caused a problem, annoyance, or disruption, or it can refer to a mental disorder.

C'è stata un'<strong>interruzione</strong> di corrente (power outage). Il traffico ha causato <strong>disturbi</strong> alla circolazione (disruptions to traffic).

disturbo vs disturbo

Both 'disturbo' and 'problema' can refer to issues.

'Problema' is a very general term for any difficulty. 'Disturbo' is more specific when referring to recognized psychological or neurological conditions (e.g., 'disturbo d'ansia', 'disturbo del sonno') or a disruption to peace/order.

Ho un <strong>problema</strong> di salute (I have a health problem - could be anything). Ho un <strong>disturbo</strong> del sonno (I have a sleep disorder - specific condition).

disturbo vs disturbo

Both 'disturbo' and 'malattia' refer to health issues.

'Malattia' is a general term for illness or sickness, covering both physical and mental ailments. 'Disturbo' is often used for specific types of psychological, neurological, or functional issues that may not be considered a full-blown 'malattia' in the traditional sense, or it can refer to a symptom cluster.

Il medico ha diagnosticato una <strong>malattia</strong> grave (a serious illness). Il paziente soffre di <strong>disturbi</strong> gastrointestinali (gastrointestinal disturbances - can be symptoms or a condition).

disturbo vs disturbo

Both 'disturbo' and 'agitazione' can describe a state of unease.

'Agitazione' specifically refers to a state of restlessness, nervousness, or excited confusion. 'Disturbo' can encompass this but also refers to external disruptions or defined psychological conditions.

Era in uno stato di grande <strong>agitazione</strong> (agitation/excitement). Il suo comportamento era sintomo di un <strong>disturbo</strong> psicologico (psychological disorder).

句型

A2

Scusi il disturbo, [question]?

Scusi il disturbo, potrebbe aiutarmi?

B1

Il [noun] è un disturbo.

Il rumore è un disturbo.

B1

Ho un disturbo [type of disorder].

Ho un disturbo del sonno.

B1

Non volevo causare disturbo.

Non volevo causare disturbo arrivando tardi.

B2

Il/La [noun] ha causato seri disturbi [to something/someone].

La tempesta ha causato seri disturbi alla circolazione.

B2

È importante trattare questo disturbo [adverb/prepositional phrase].

È importante trattare questo disturbo con serietà.

C1

Si manifesta come un disturbo [adjective/noun phrase].

Si manifesta come un disturbo percettivo.

C1

La gestione di tali disturbi richiede [noun phrase].

La gestione di tali disturbi richiede un approccio multidisciplinare.

词族

名词

disturbo
disturbatore
disturbatrice

动词

disturbare

形容词

disturbato
disturbante

相关

interruzione
fastidio
problema
malattia
quiete
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如何使用

frequency

High frequency, especially in its polite request and general nuisance meanings.

常见错误
  • Using 'disturbo' for a simple interruption without politeness. → Scusi il disturbo, posso chiederle un'informazione?

    Simply saying 'Disturbo!' can sound abrupt or rude. The polite phrase 'Scusi il disturbo' is standard for acknowledging you might be bothering someone.

  • Confusing 'disturbo' (nuisance) with 'malattia' (illness) in casual conversation. → Il rumore è un disturbo.

    While a persistent noise can be a nuisance ('disturbo'), calling it a 'malattia' would be incorrect unless it's a medically recognized condition causing physical symptoms.

  • Incorrect plural agreement: 'un disturbi'. → Ho avuto un disturbo.

    'Un' requires a singular noun. The plural is 'disturbi', used with plural articles like 'dei' or 'molti'.

  • Using 'disturbo' when 'fastidio' is more appropriate for a minor annoyance. → Quel moscerino mi dà fastidio.

    While 'disturbo' can mean nuisance, 'fastidio' is often more natural for small, personal irritations.

  • Using 'disturbo' in a medical context when referring to a physical disease. → Il paziente ha una malattia cardiaca.

    For specific physical diseases, 'malattia' is generally preferred. 'Disturbo' is more common for functional issues, psychological conditions, or symptoms.

小贴士

Mastering 'Scusi il disturbo'

This phrase is your best friend when you need to approach someone for help or information. It shows respect and acknowledges that you are asking them to interrupt their activity. Always use 'Scusi' for formal situations or strangers, and 'Scusa' for friends or people younger than you.

Distinguishing Meanings

The meaning of 'disturbo' hinges on context. If you hear it alongside medical terms, it's a disorder. If it's in a polite request, it's an interruption. If it describes noise or traffic, it's a nuisance or disruption. Practice identifying these cues.

Related Terms

Learn synonyms like 'fastidio' (annoyance) and 'interruzione' (interruption), and antonyms like 'pace' (peace) and 'benessere' (well-being). Also, familiarize yourself with specific medical terms like 'disturbo d'ansia' (anxiety disorder).

Plurals and Agreement

Remember that 'disturbo' is masculine and countable. Its plural is 'disturbi'. Ensure your articles and adjectives agree with the noun's number and gender (e.g., 'un lieve disturbo', 'gravi disturbi').

Stress and Sounds

The stress is on the second syllable: dis-TUR-bo. Pay attention to the 'ur' sound, which is distinct from a simple 'u' or 'o' sound. Practice saying it aloud.

Avoiding Overuse

While 'disturbo' is versatile, sometimes a more specific word like 'interruzione' or 'fastidio' might be more appropriate. For minor annoyances, 'fastidio' is often more natural than 'disturbo'.

Sensitive Use

When discussing mental or physical health, use 'disturbo' with sensitivity. It refers to recognized conditions, so avoid using it casually for minor complaints. Consult medical professionals for accurate terminology.

Beyond Literal Meanings

Consider how 'disturbo' might be used metaphorically, such as 'disturbo intellettuale' (intellectual disturbance) in art or philosophy, where it implies a disruption of conventional thought.

Sentence Building

Create your own sentences using 'disturbo' in different contexts: polite requests, describing nuisances, and hypothetical medical situations. This active practice is crucial for retention.

Tune In

Actively listen for 'disturbo' in Italian movies, podcasts, and conversations. Try to guess the meaning based on the surrounding dialogue and situation. This will build your intuition.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a 'dis'-aster striking, causing a big 'tur'-moil and 'bo'-ther. The 'dis-tur-bo' is the resulting mess and trouble.

视觉联想

Picture a calm library scene suddenly interrupted by someone loudly dropping a stack of books, creating chaos and 'disturbo'. Or, visualize a serene mind being invaded by chaotic thoughts, representing a mental 'disturbo'.

Word Web

Interruption Nuisance Bother Annoyance Disruption Mental problem Psychological disorder Illness Agitation Unease

挑战

Try to use 'disturbo' in three sentences today: one apologizing for a minor interruption, one describing something that is a nuisance, and one referring to a health issue (even hypothetically).

词源

The word 'disturbo' comes from the Latin verb 'disturbare', which means 'to disturb, to trouble, to hinder'. This verb is formed from the prefix 'dis-' (meaning apart, away, or indicating negation/opposition) and 'turbare' (meaning to trouble, to agitate, to disturb).

原始含义： The original Latin meaning conveyed the idea of agitating or troubling something that was previously settled or calm.

Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Italian

文化背景

When using 'disturbo' in the context of mental health, it's important to be sensitive and respectful, as it refers to serious conditions. Using it casually for minor issues can be inappropriate. In polite social interactions, 'scusi il disturbo' is always appropriate and appreciated.

In English, 'disturbance' is a cognate and shares similar meanings of interruption or unrest. 'Disorder' is used for more serious issues, including mental health conditions, much like 'disturbo' in Italian.

The term 'disturbo' is frequently used in Italian media, particularly in news reports discussing social unrest, traffic disruptions, or public order issues. In psychological and medical literature, 'disturbo' is a standard term for various mental and neurological conditions, such as 'disturbo bipolare' (bipolar disorder) or 'disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo' (OCD). Literary works may use 'disturbo' to describe internal psychological turmoil or external disruptions faced by characters.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Polite requests and apologies

  • Scusi il disturbo...
  • Non volevo causare disturbo.
  • Spero di non darle disturbo.

Describing annoyances or nuisances

  • Il rumore è un disturbo.
  • Questi insetti sono un disturbo.
  • Un disturbo costante.

Medical and psychological discussions

  • Disturbo del sonno.
  • Disturbo d'ansia.
  • Disturbo alimentare.

Legal or formal settings (e.g., public order)

  • Disturbo della quiete pubblica.
  • Causare disturbi.

Describing general problems or disruptions

  • Un lieve disturbo.
  • Ha causato un disturbo.

对话开场白

"Have you ever had to apologize for causing a 'disturbo' in Italy?"

"What kind of 'disturbi' (nuisances) do you find most annoying in daily life?"

"Do you know anyone who has experienced a 'disturbo del sonno' (sleep disorder)?"

"How do Italians typically react to minor 'disturbi' (interruptions)?"

"Can you think of a situation where 'disturbo' could refer to something positive, like a 'disturbo intellettuale' (intellectual disturbance)?"

日记主题

Describe a time you had to politely interrupt someone using the phrase 'scusi il disturbo'. What was the situation?

Think about something that consistently causes you a 'disturbo' in your daily life. How does it affect you?

Imagine you are a doctor. Write a short dialogue where you ask a patient about potential 'disturbi' (disorders).

Reflect on a time when a small 'disturbo' (interruption) led to an unexpected positive outcome. Write about it.

Consider the difference between a 'disturbo' (nuisance) and a 'malattia' (illness). Write a paragraph explaining this difference with examples.

常见问题

10 个问题

The most common uses are: 1. As part of the polite phrase 'Scusi il disturbo' (Excuse the interruption/trouble) when asking for something. 2. To describe a general annoyance or nuisance, like 'Il rumore è un disturbo' (The noise is a nuisance). 3. In medical contexts, referring to a disorder, such as 'disturbo del sonno' (sleep disorder).

Yes, 'disturbo' can refer to physical issues, especially when they are functional or symptomatic rather than a distinct disease. For example, 'disturbi gastrointestinali' (gastrointestinal disturbances) or 'disturbi della vista' (vision disturbances). However, for clear-cut physical illnesses, 'malattia' is more common.

Generally, 'disturbo' implies something negative – an interruption, a problem, or a disorder. However, the phrase 'il disturbo è mio' can be used genuinely to mean 'it's my pleasure' or that the effort is gladly undertaken, making it a positive sentiment in that specific context. Also, in fields like art or philosophy, a 'disturbo intellettuale' might be seen as a catalyst for thought, though the word 'disturbo' itself still carries a connotation of disruption.

'Fastidio' usually refers to a feeling of annoyance or bother, often for minor things. 'Disturbo' can mean the same thing but is also used for more significant disruptions (like traffic) or formal medical conditions. Think of 'fastidio' as the feeling, and 'disturbo' as the cause of the feeling or a more formal issue.

Context is key! If it's used in a polite phrase like 'scusi il disturbo' or describes something like loud noise or traffic, it's likely an interruption or nuisance. If it's followed by specific terms like 'sonno', 'ansia', 'alimentare', or used in a medical discussion, it refers to a disorder.

Yes, 'disturbo' is used for children. For example, 'disturbo dell'apprendimento' (learning disorder) or 'disturbo del comportamento' (behavioral disorder). It's also used in polite requests, like 'Scusi il disturbo, posso chiederle un'informazione?' even when talking to a child.

The plural form is 'disturbi'. For example, 'Ho avuto alcuni disturbi durante il viaggio' (I had some disruptions during the trip), or 'Il paziente soffre di diversi disturbi' (The patient suffers from several disorders).

Yes, the verb is 'disturbare', which means 'to disturb', 'to bother', or 'to interrupt'. For example, 'Non disturbare il gatto' (Don't bother the cat).

This is a formal or legal term that translates to 'disturbance of public peace'. It's used when someone's actions, often noisy ones, disrupt the peace and quiet of a public area. It can lead to fines or other legal consequences.

While 'disturbo' often refers to the cause of a feeling (like noise causing annoyance), it can sometimes imply a state of unease or internal disturbance, especially in psychological contexts like 'disturbo interiore' (inner disturbance).

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