A2 adjective 中性 2分钟阅读

morto

/ˈmɔrto/
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Overview

The Italian word 'morto' is a versatile and common term with a rich linguistic history and various applications. Primarily, it functions as an adjective meaning 'no longer alive' or 'deceased.' When used adjectivally, it modifies nouns to describe their state of being without life. For example, 'un albero morto' refers to a lifeless tree. However, its usage extends beyond the literal, embracing metaphorical contexts where something is no longer functional, active, or vibrant. Consider 'una città morta,' which evokes the image of a desolate, lifeless city, or 'un motore morto,' indicating a non-functioning engine. This metaphorical extension allows 'morto' to convey a sense of cessation or dormancy.

Beyond its adjectival role, 'morto' also serves as a noun, referring to a dead person or a corpse. In this capacity, it exhibits gender and number agreement, transforming into 'la morta' for a deceased female, and 'i morti' or 'le morte' for groups of deceased individuals. The plural form, 'i morti,' is frequently used to refer to the deceased in a collective sense, such as in the context of casualties from an event or as a general term for those who have passed away, as seen in phrases like 'il giorno dei morti,' which is the equivalent of All Souls' Day. This highlights its cultural and historical significance.

Furthermore, 'morto' is the past participle of the irregular verb 'morire,' meaning 'to die.' As a past participle, it is crucial for forming compound tenses with the auxiliary verb 'essere' (to be). A key grammatical aspect to remember is that when 'morire' is conjugated with 'essere,' the past participle 'morto' must agree in gender and number with the subject of the verb. For instance, 'Lui è morto' (He died), 'Lei è morta' (She died), 'Loro sono morti' (They died – masculine or mixed group), and 'Loro sono morte' (They died – feminine group). This agreement is a fundamental rule in Italian grammar and essential for correct usage.

In summary, 'morto' encapsulates not only the biological state of death but also extends to metaphorical states of inactivity or obsolescence. Its flexibility as an adjective, noun, and past participle, combined with its agreement rules, makes it a multifaceted and integral part of the Italian language.

常见搭配

essere morto
sembrare morto
credere morto
dare per morto

习语与表达

"essere morto di sonno"

to be dead tired

"sentirsi morto"

to feel exhausted

如何使用

常见错误

A common mistake is confusing 'morto' (dead) with 'morso' (bite). 'Morto' is the past participle of 'morire' (to die), while 'morso' is the past participle of 'mordere' (to bite). Another mistake can be using 'morto' incorrectly with the verb 'essere' (to be) instead of 'avere' (to have) in compound tenses when describing the state of being dead, although in most cases 'essere' is correct for the state. For example, 'È morto' (He is dead) is correct, while 'Ha morto' is incorrect. However, 'morire' takes 'essere' in compound tenses, so 'è morto' (he died) is correct.

词源

From Latin 'mortuus', past participle of 'morī' (to die).

常见问题

4 个问题

The Italian word for 'dead' is 'morto'. This term is commonly used to describe someone or something that is no longer alive. It can be applied to people, animals, or even metaphorical situations where something has ceased to exist or function. For instance, you might hear 'un uomo morto' (a dead man) or 'una lingua morta' (a dead language). The word changes gender and number to agree with the noun it modifies, so it can also be 'morta' (feminine singular), 'morti' (masculine plural), or 'morte' (feminine plural).

The word 'morto' can be used in various contexts. For example, 'Il cane è morto' means 'The dog is dead.' You could also say, 'Era un albero morto' meaning 'It was a dead tree.' In a more figurative sense, one might say, 'Il progetto è morto' to indicate 'The project is dead' or has failed. It's a versatile word that can convey the literal cessation of life or the end of something in a broader sense, similar to its English equivalent.

Yes, there are several common phrases and idioms using 'morto'. One well-known example is 'essere morto di fame,' which literally means 'to be dead from hunger' but is used to say 'to be starving' or 'to be very hungry.' Another is 'morto e sepolto,' meaning 'dead and buried,' emphasizing a definitive end to something. You might also encounter 'morto di sonno' to mean 'dead tired' or 'exhausted.' These expressions add a rich layer of meaning to the word 'morto' in Italian.

Absolutely! As an adjective, 'morto' changes its ending to agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. The masculine singular form is 'morto' (e.g., 'un uomo morto' - a dead man). The feminine singular form is 'morta' (e.g., 'una donna morta' - a dead woman). For masculine plural, it becomes 'morti' (e.g., 'i soldati morti' - the dead soldiers), and for feminine plural, it is 'morte' (e.g., 'le foglie morte' - the dead leaves). This grammatical agreement is a fundamental aspect of Italian adjectives.

自我测试

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Il ______ (no longer alive) giaceva nella bara.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
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Dopo l'incidente, fu dichiarato ______ (dead) sul colpo.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
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Molti lo consideravano un eroe, anche se ______ (deceased) da anni.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

得分： /3

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这个词在其他语言中

morto 葡萄牙语
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