税関 30秒了解
- 税関 (zeikan) is the customs office.
- It inspects goods and collects duties/taxes.
- Used in travel and international trade.
- Crucial for border control and security.
Understanding 税関 (Zeikan)
The Japanese word 税関 (zeikan) refers to the customs office or customs authority. It's the government agency responsible for controlling the flow of goods across national borders. When you travel internationally, whether for business or pleasure, you will inevitably encounter 税関. Their primary roles include inspecting goods, collecting import duties and taxes, and ensuring that prohibited items are not brought into or taken out of the country. This involves checking luggage, cargo, and sometimes even passengers themselves. The process at the 税関 is crucial for national security, economic stability, and public health.
You'll typically hear or see this word in contexts related to international travel, shipping, trade, and law enforcement at borders. For instance, if you're bringing a new electronic device into Japan, you might need to declare it at the 税関. Similarly, businesses involved in importing or exporting goods must navigate the procedures and regulations set by the 税関. The word itself is a compound of two kanji: '税' (zei), meaning tax or duty, and '関' (kan), meaning barrier or関所 (sekisho), a historical checkpoint. Together, they aptly describe the function of this border control agency.
- Etymology
- '税' (zei) means tax or duty, and '関' (kan) means barrier or checkpoint. The term literally translates to 'tax barrier'.
- Components
- 税 (tax) + 関 (barrier/checkpoint) = Customs.
飛行機を降りたら、まず税関を通らなければなりません。
輸出入品はすべて税関の検査を受けます。
Understanding the role of 税関 is essential for anyone dealing with international transactions or travel. It signifies a point of official scrutiny where regulations and duties are applied. Whether you are a tourist declaring souvenirs or a business importing machinery, the 税関 is a gatekeeper for international commerce and travel.
- Usage Context
- International travel, import/export business, border control, customs declarations.
Navigating International Borders with 税関
The word 税関 (zeikan) is a noun and typically functions as the subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase in a sentence. Its usage is straightforward, usually referring to the place or the authority itself. Let's explore various sentence structures to illustrate its application.
As a subject, 税関 can perform an action or be described. For example, 'The customs office inspected the luggage.' In Japanese, this could be expressed as '税関は荷物を検査しました' (Zeikan wa nimotsu o kensa shimashita). Here, 税関 is the entity performing the inspection.
税関職員は、旅行者のバッグを丁寧に調べた。
More commonly, 税関 appears as the destination or location where an action takes place. Phrases like 'go through customs' are very frequent. In Japanese, this is often rendered as '税関を通る' (zeikan o tooru). For instance, 'I need to pass through customs at the airport.' becomes '空港で税関を通る必要があります' (Kuukou de zeikan o tooru hitsuyou ga arimasu).
免税店へ行く前に、税関を通過しました。
When discussing declarations, the word 税関 is often used in conjunction with declarations or reporting. For example, 'You must declare items at customs.' translates to '品物は税関で申告しなければなりません' (Shinamon wa zeikan de shinkoku shinakereba narimasen).
- Sentence Pattern: Location
- Noun + で (de) + Verb (e.g., 検査する - kensa suru, 通る - tooru, 申告する - shinkoku suru)
- Example
- 彼は税関で厳しい質問を受けた。
In business contexts, 税関 is often paired with verbs related to clearance, procedures, or regulations. 'Customs clearance took a long time.' could be '税関手続きに時間がかかった' (Zeikan tetsuzuki ni jikan ga kakatta), where '税関手続き' (zeikan tetsuzuki) means customs procedures.
この貨物は、税関を通過するのに数日かかりました。
Understanding these sentence patterns will help you effectively use and comprehend 税関 in various communication scenarios. Remember that it's a concrete noun referring to a specific government department and its functions.
- Common Verb Pairings
- 通る (tooru - to pass through), 検査する (kensa suru - to inspect), 申告する (shinkoku suru - to declare), 通過する (tsuuka suru - to pass/clear)
Real-World Encounters with 税関
税関 (zeikan) is a word you'll frequently encounter in specific, practical situations, primarily related to international movement of people and goods. The most common place to hear it is at airports and seaports, during international travel.
At Airports and Ports: When you arrive in a foreign country or return to your home country, after immigration, you will proceed to the 税関. Announcements might be made like, 'Please proceed to 税関 for inspection' (荷物をお持ちの方は、税関へお進みください - Nimotsu o omochi no kata wa, zeikan e o-susumi kudasai). You might also hear announcements about what items need to be declared at 税関.
免税範囲を超えた品物をお持ちの場合は、税関で申告してください。
In Business and Trade: Companies involved in importing or exporting goods will constantly deal with 税関. This might be in discussions with customs brokers, shipping agents, or government officials. You'll hear phrases like '税関の許可を得る' (zeikan no kyoka o eru - to obtain customs clearance) or '税関手続きを完了する' (zeikan tetsuzuki o kanryou suru - to complete customs procedures).
新しい法律が税関の業務に影響を与えた。
News and Media: News reports about trade disputes, new import/export regulations, or security measures at borders will often mention 税関. For example, a news segment might discuss how 税関 is implementing stricter checks on certain goods.
- Government Websites
- Official websites of the Ministry of Finance or customs bureaus will use this term extensively when detailing regulations and procedures.
In Documentaries and Travel Shows: Shows that focus on international travel or the logistics of global trade will often feature segments at 税関, explaining its function and the experience of passing through it.
国際郵便物はすべて税関の検査を受けます。
Pitfalls to Avoid with 税関
While 税関 (zeikan) is a relatively straightforward term, learners can sometimes make mistakes in its usage, especially concerning its exact function or when to use related terms. Here are some common errors and how to avoid them.
Confusing 税関 with Immigration: A very common mistake for travelers is to conflate 税関 with immigration control (入国審査 - nyuukoku shinsa). Immigration is where your passport and visa are checked to allow you entry into a country. 税関 comes *after* immigration and deals with the goods you are carrying. Remember: Immigration checks *you*, customs checks *your belongings*.
Mistake: 入国審査で税関の質問をされた。 (I was asked customs questions at immigration.)
Overusing 税関 for General 'Inspection': While 税関 involves inspection, not all inspections are related to customs. For instance, a security check at a concert venue or a police search of a vehicle would not be referred to as 税関 inspection. Stick to using 税関 specifically for border control and the assessment of duties and prohibited items.
- Incorrect Usage
- コンサート会場の税関検査で止められた。(I was stopped at the concert venue's customs inspection.)
- Correct Usage
- コンサート会場のセキュリティチェックで止められた。(I was stopped at the concert venue's security check.)
Misunderstanding 'Duty': The core function of 税関 is to collect duties (関税 - kanzei) and taxes. Sometimes learners might use 税関 when they mean the tax itself. While related, 税関 is the institution, and 関税 is the fee. For instance, saying 'I paid 税関' when you mean 'I paid customs duty' is imprecise.
Mistake: この品物には税関がかかります。(This item incurs customs.)
Assuming 税関 is Always a Physical Place: While the most common association is with border checkpoints, 税関 also refers to the administrative body. Businesses might interact with 税関 through paperwork and online portals, not always by physically going to an office. The term encompasses both the physical location and the governing authority.
Distinguishing 税関 from Related Terms
While 税関 (zeikan) is the standard term for customs, there are other related words and phrases that might appear in similar contexts. Understanding these distinctions is key to precise communication.
関税 (Kanzei): Customs Duty/Tariff
- Definition
- The tax or duty levied on imported or exported goods.
- Relationship to 税関
- 税関 is the institution that collects 関税. You pay 関税 at the 税関.
- Example
- この車には高い関税が課せられている。(This car is subject to high customs duties.)
入国審査 (Nyuukoku Shinsa): Immigration Inspection
- Definition
- The process of checking a person's passport and visa to determine their eligibility to enter a country.
- Relationship to 税関
- 入国審査 happens before 税関 inspection. Immigration checks people; customs checks goods.
- Example
- まず入国審査を受け、その後税関へ向かいました。(First, I underwent immigration inspection, and then proceeded to customs.)
検疫 (Ken'eki): Quarantine/Sanitary Inspection
- Definition
- Inspection for health and safety, particularly concerning plants, animals, and food products to prevent the spread of diseases or pests.
- Relationship to 税関
- 検疫 is a specialized type of inspection that might be conducted by a separate agency or as part of the 税関 process, focusing on health risks.
- Example
- 生きた植物を持ち込む場合は、検疫所での検査が必要です。(If you bring in live plants, inspection at the quarantine station is necessary.)
輸出入 (Yushutsu'nyuu): Export and Import
- Definition
- The act of sending goods out of a country (export) and bringing goods into a country (import).
- Relationship to 税関
- 税関 is the authority that oversees and regulates 輸出入.
- Example
- この会社は輸出入業を営んでいます。(This company is engaged in the import and export business.)
In summary, 税関 is the overarching term for the customs department. 関税 is the tax it collects, 入国審査 is a separate process for people, and 輸出入 are the activities it governs.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The kanji '関' (kan) itself has a rich history, often depicted with a gate and a hand, suggesting control or blocking passage. This imagery perfectly captures the function of a customs checkpoint. In ancient Japan, '関所' were vital for controlling movement, collecting taxes, and maintaining order, much like modern 税関.
发音指南
- Mispronouncing 'customs' with stress on the second syllable.
- Confusing the pronunciation with similar-sounding words.
- Not clearly enunciating the 's' sound at the end.
- Hesitation or uncertainty in pronunciation due to unfamiliarity.
- Applying incorrect intonation patterns in sentences.
难度评级
Recognizing the kanji and understanding the basic meaning is straightforward for B1 learners. However, comprehending nuanced discussions about trade regulations, legal aspects, or economic impacts related to customs requires a higher level of vocabulary and understanding of complex sentence structures.
Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> in simple sentences related to travel is manageable for B1. However, writing detailed explanations of customs procedures, trade policies, or legal implications requires advanced vocabulary and grammatical structures.
Pronouncing the word correctly and using it in basic travel-related sentences is achievable. However, discussing complex customs-related topics, explaining regulations, or engaging in professional discussions requires fluency and a broader vocabulary.
Understanding spoken <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> in straightforward contexts like airport announcements is feasible. However, understanding rapid speech, technical jargon, or complex explanations of customs procedures can be challenging.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Using particle 'で' (de) to indicate location of action.
空港で税関を通りました。(I passed through customs at the airport.)
Using particle 'の' (no) for possession or description.
税関の職員は親切でした。(The customs' officer was kind.)
Using passive voice for actions done to the subject.
荷物は税関で検査されました。(My luggage was inspected at customs.)
Using conditional forms like 〜なければなりません (nakereba narimasen) for obligation.
税関で申告しなければなりません。(You must declare at customs.)
Using 〜ように指示する (you ni shiji suru) for giving instructions.
税関職員は荷物を開けるように指示しました。(The customs officer instructed me to open my luggage.)
按水平分级的例句
これは税関です。
This is customs.
Simple declarative sentence.
税関、どこ？
Customs, where?
Question asking for location.
荷物、税関。
Luggage, customs.
Noun phrase, implying a connection or destination.
税関、通る。
Customs, pass through.
Verb phrase, simple action.
危ないもの、税関。
Dangerous things, customs.
Noun and adjective, implying a warning or rule.
税関、チェック。
Customs, check.
Noun and verb, simple action.
税関、大丈夫？
Customs, okay?
Question about status or permission.
税関、ここ。
Customs, here.
Indicating location.
空港で税関を通りました。
I passed through customs at the airport.
Past tense of 通る (tooru) - to pass through.
この荷物は税関で検査されますか？
Will this luggage be inspected at customs?
Passive voice of 検査する (kensa suru) - to inspect.
税関の職員はとても親切でした。
The customs officer was very kind.
Using 職員 (shokuin) - staff/officer.
免税品は税関で申告する必要はありません。
Duty-free items do not need to be declared at customs.
Using 申告する (shinkoku suru) - to declare.
税関で、いくら払いましたか？
How much did you pay at customs?
Asking about payment at customs.
税関の規則を教えてください。
Please tell me the customs regulations.
Using 規則 (kisoku) - rules/regulations.
この品物は税関で止められました。
This item was stopped at customs.
Past tense of 止める (tomeru) - to stop.
税関を通過するのに時間がかかりました。
It took time to pass through customs.
Using 時間がかかる (jikan ga kakaru) - to take time.
海外旅行では、必ず税関の検査を受けなければなりません。
When traveling abroad, you must always undergo customs inspection.
Using 受けなければなりません (ukenakereba narimasen) - must receive/undergo.
税関で申告すべきものはありますか？
Are there any items you should declare at customs?
Using べき (beki) - should/ought to.
この商品は、日本の税関で特別な手続きが必要です。
This product requires special procedures at Japanese customs.
Using 手続き (tetsuzuki) - procedure.
税関職員は、私のスーツケースを開けるように指示しました。
The customs officer instructed me to open my suitcase.
Using 指示する (shiji suru) - to instruct/direct.
輸出入品はすべて税関の管理下に置かれます。
All imported and exported goods are placed under the control of customs.
Using 管理下 (kanri ka) - under control.
税関をスムーズに通過するためには、正直に申告することが重要です。
To pass through customs smoothly, it is important to declare honestly.
Using スムーズに (sumuuzu ni) - smoothly, and 正直に (shoujiki ni) - honestly.
多くの国では、現金を持ち込む際に税関への申告が義務付けられています。
In many countries, declaring cash to customs is mandatory when bringing it in.
Using 義務付けられています (gimu tsukerarete imasu) - is mandated/obligated.
税関のウェブサイトで、持ち込み禁止品について確認しました。
I checked the customs website for prohibited items.
Using 持ち込み禁止品 (mochikomi kinshi hin) - prohibited items.
国際貨物の通関手続きは、税関の厳格な基準に基づいて行われます。
The customs clearance procedures for international cargo are carried out based on strict customs standards.
Using 通関手続き (tsuukan tetsuzuki) - customs clearance procedures, and 厳格な基準 (genkaku na kijun) - strict standards.
税関は、国家の安全保障と経済的利益を守る上で不可欠な役割を担っています。
Customs plays an indispensable role in protecting national security and economic interests.
Using 安全保障 (anzen hoshou) - security, and 経済的利益 (keizaiteki rieki) - economic interests.
違法薬物や武器の密輸を防ぐため、税関は高度な監視システムを導入しています。
To prevent the smuggling of illegal drugs and weapons, customs has introduced advanced surveillance systems.
Using 密輸 (mitsuyu) - smuggling, and 監視システム (kanshi shisutemu) - surveillance system.
近年、電子申告システムの導入により、税関手続きの効率化が進んでいます。
In recent years, customs procedures have become more efficient with the introduction of electronic declaration systems.
Using 電子申告システム (denshi shinkoku shisutemu) - electronic declaration system, and 効率化 (kouritsu ka) - efficiency.
税関の判断によっては、輸入が許可されない品物もあります。
Depending on the customs' decision, there are items that may not be permitted for import.
Using 判断 (handan) - judgment/decision.
貿易円滑化協定は、国際的な税関手続きの標準化を目指しています。
The Trade Facilitation Agreement aims to standardize international customs procedures.
Using 貿易円滑化協定 (boueki enkatsu ka kyou tei) - Trade Facilitation Agreement, and 標準化 (hyoujun ka) - standardization.
税関職員は、疑わしい貨物に対して詳細な検査を行う権限を持っています。
Customs officers have the authority to conduct detailed inspections of suspicious cargo.
Using 権限 (kengen) - authority, and 疑わしい貨物 (utagawashii kamotsu) - suspicious cargo.
テロ対策として、税関は国際協力体制を強化しています。
As a counter-terrorism measure, customs is strengthening its international cooperation system.
Using テロ対策 (tero taisaku) - counter-terrorism measure, and 国際協力体制 (kokusai kyouryoku taisei) - international cooperation system.
グローバルサプライチェーンの複雑化に伴い、税関の役割はますます重要になっています。
With the increasing complexity of global supply chains, the role of customs is becoming ever more important.
Using グローバルサプライチェーン (guroobaru sapurai cheen) - global supply chain, and 複雑化 (fukuzatsu ka) - complexity.
各国の税関当局は、国際貿易の円滑化とセキュリティ確保のバランスを取るという困難な課題に直面しています。
Customs authorities in each country face the difficult challenge of balancing the facilitation of international trade with ensuring security.
Using 円滑化 (enkatsu ka) - facilitation, and セキュリティ確保 (sekyuriti kakuho) - ensuring security.
税関におけるリスク管理手法の高度化は、不正行為の抑止に不可欠です。
The sophistication of risk management techniques in customs is essential for deterring illicit activities.
Using リスク管理手法 (risuku kanri shuhou) - risk management techniques, and 不正行為 (fusei koui) - illicit activities.
多国間貿易協定における税関手続きの調和は、国際ビジネスの促進に寄与します。
The harmonization of customs procedures in multilateral trade agreements contributes to the promotion of international business.
Using 調和 (chouwa) - harmonization, and 促進 (sokushin) - promotion.
近年のサイバー攻撃の増加は、税関システムに対する新たな脅威をもたらしています。
The increase in cyberattacks in recent years poses new threats to customs systems.
Using サイバー攻撃 (saibaa kougeki) - cyberattack, and 脅威 (kyoui) - threat.
税関の透明性向上は、腐敗防止策としても極めて重要視されています。
Improving customs transparency is also considered extremely important as a measure to prevent corruption.
Using 透明性 (toumeisei) - transparency, and 腐敗防止策 (fuhai boushi saku) - corruption prevention measure.
経済安全保障の観点から、戦略物資の輸出管理における税関の役割が再評価されています。
From the perspective of economic security, the role of customs in controlling the export of strategic goods is being re-evaluated.
Using 経済安全保障 (keizai anzen hoshou) - economic security, and 戦略物資 (senryaku busshi) - strategic goods.
税関当局は、知的財産権侵害品の流通を阻止するために、関係機関との連携を強化しています。
Customs authorities are strengthening cooperation with related agencies to prevent the circulation of goods that infringe intellectual property rights.
Using 知的財産権侵害品 (chiteki zaisanken shingai hin) - intellectual property rights infringing goods, and 連携 (renkei) - cooperation.
グローバルな貿易摩擦の激化は、各国の税関政策の複雑化と、それに伴う国際物流への影響を増大させている。
The intensification of global trade friction is complicating customs policies in various countries, thereby increasing their impact on international logistics.
Using 貿易摩擦 (boueki masatsu) - trade friction, and 激化 (gekika) - intensification.
現代の税関は、単なる徴税機関にとどまらず、国家の境界における情報ハブとしての機能も果たしており、その戦略的価値は計り知れない。
Modern customs not only serves as a revenue collection agency but also functions as an information hub at national borders, its strategic value being immeasurable.
Using 徴税機関 (chouzei kikan) - revenue collection agency, and 情報ハブ (jouhou habu) - information hub.
サプライチェーンのレジリエンス強化という観点から、税関手続きのデジタル化とデータ連携の推進は、喫緊の課題である。
From the perspective of strengthening supply chain resilience, the promotion of digitalization of customs procedures and data integration is an urgent issue.
Using レジリエンス (rejiriensu) - resilience, and 喫緊の課題 (kikkin no kadai) - urgent issue.
世界税関機構（WCO）が推進する「AEO（認定事業者制度）」は、信頼できる事業者に対して税関手続きの簡素化や優遇措置を講じることで、貿易の円滑化を図るものである。
The 'AEO (Authorized Economic Operator)' promoted by the World Customs Organization (WCO) aims to facilitate trade by providing simplified customs procedures and preferential treatment to trusted businesses.
Using 認定事業者制度 (nintei jigyousha seido) - Authorized Economic Operator system, and 優遇措置 (yuuguu sochi) - preferential treatment.
地政学的な緊張の高まりは、各国の税関が安全保障上のリスク評価に一層の注意を払うことを要求しており、これが国際貿易の予測可能性に影響を与えかねない。
The rise in geopolitical tensions requires customs in each country to pay even greater attention to security risk assessments, which could affect the predictability of international trade.
Using 地政学的 (chiseigaku teki) - geopolitical, and 予測可能性 (yosoku kanousei) - predictability.
税関におけるAI技術の導入は、不正検知能力の飛躍的な向上をもたらす可能性がある一方で、データプライバシーや倫理的な課題も浮上している。
The introduction of AI technology in customs has the potential to dramatically improve illicit detection capabilities, while also raising concerns about data privacy and ethical issues.
Using 不正検知能力 (fusei kenchi nouryoku) - illicit detection capability, and 倫理的な課題 (rinriteki na kadai) - ethical issues.
持続可能な貿易の推進という観点から、環境規制の遵守を税関がどのように監督・執行していくかは、将来的な課題となるだろう。
From the perspective of promoting sustainable trade, how customs will supervise and enforce compliance with environmental regulations will be a future challenge.
Using 持続可能な貿易 (jizoku kanou na boueki) - sustainable trade, and 環境規制 (kankyou kisei) - environmental regulations.
国境を越える電子商取引の爆発的な増加に対応するため、税関は従来の枠組みを超えた革新的なアプローチを模索する必要に迫られている。
To cope with the explosive growth of cross-border e-commerce, customs is compelled to explore innovative approaches beyond traditional frameworks.
Using 電子商取引 (denshi shou torihiki) - e-commerce, and 革新的なアプローチ (kakushinteki na apuroochi) - innovative approach.
常见搭配
常用短语
— To pass through customs.
飛行機を降りたら、まず税関を通ってください。 (After getting off the plane, please pass through customs first.)
— To declare at customs.
持ち込んでいる品物について、税関で申告する必要があります。 (You need to declare the items you are bringing in at customs.)
— To undergo customs inspection.
すべての乗客は税関検査を受けなければなりません。 (All passengers must undergo customs inspection.)
— To ask a customs officer.
分からないことは、税関職員に聞きましょう。 (Let's ask a customs officer if there's anything we don't understand.)
— Customs official.
税関の係官に書類を渡しました。 (I handed the documents to the customs official.)
— Customs duty-free allowance.
免税範囲を超えた場合は、税関で申告が必要です。 (If you exceed the duty-free allowance, declaration at customs is required.)
— Customs stamp/seal.
パスポートに税関の印鑑が押された。 (A customs stamp was placed on my passport.)
— Customs' decision.
その商品の輸入可否は税関の判断によります。 (Whether that product can be imported depends on customs' decision.)
— Customs list (e.g., of prohibited items).
税関のリストを確認して、持ち込み禁止品がないかチェックしました。 (I checked the customs list to see if there were any prohibited items.)
— Customs counter/window.
税関の窓口で質問をしました。 (I asked a question at the customs counter.)
容易混淆的词
This refers to immigration, where your passport and visa are checked to allow entry into a country. Customs (税関) comes after immigration and deals with the goods you are carrying.
This refers specifically to the duty or tax collected on imported/exported goods. 税関 is the institution that collects it.
This is quarantine or sanitary inspection, focusing on health risks from plants, animals, or food. While sometimes related to customs, it's a distinct function.
习语与表达
— To overcome a significant obstacle or bureaucratic hurdle, often related to official procedures or regulations. It implies successfully navigating a difficult official process.
この新しいビジネスを始めるには、多くの規制という税関の壁を越えなければならない。 (To start this new business, we must overcome the customs wall of many regulations.)
Figurative— Literally means to be stopped or held up at customs. Figuratively, it means to get caught or be flagged for scrutiny due to an issue, often involving rules or procedures.
彼の説明は税関に引っかかるような曖昧さがあった。 (His explanation had an ambiguity that might get caught at customs.)
Figurative— To pass through customs, often implying doing so quickly or perhaps surreptitiously if used in a negative context, though generally it just means passing through.
無事に税関をくぐり抜け、目的地へと向かった。 (Having safely passed through customs, I headed to my destination.)
Neutral/Slightly Figurative— To evade or slip through customs' net; to get away with something that should have been caught by official inspection.
密輸業者は、税関の網をすり抜けるための巧妙な手口を使っていた。 (The smuggler used clever methods to slip through customs' net.)
Figurative/Negative— Customs as a gatekeeper; the role of customs in controlling entry and exit, deciding what is allowed through.
税関の門番は、すべての貨物が規則に従っているかを確認する。 (The customs gatekeeper checks if all cargo complies with regulations.)
Figurative— To successfully pass a customs check without issues.
彼はいつも、税関のチェックをパスするために正直に申告している。 (He always declares honestly to pass customs checks.)
Loanword/Neutral— To outsmart customs; to find a way around regulations or inspections, often implying illicit activity.
不正な手段で税関の裏をかこうとする者は後を絶たない。 (Those who try to outsmart customs through illicit means are endless.)
Figurative/Negative— Figuratively, to gain access or approval through official channels, like opening the door to international trade or entry.
この新しい契約は、我々の製品にとって税関の扉を開けるものとなるだろう。 (This new contract will open the customs door for our products.)
Figurative— A long queue at customs, a common and often frustrating experience for travelers.
休暇シーズンには、税関の長蛇の列に並ぶ覚悟が必要だ。 (During the holiday season, one must be prepared to stand in the long customs queue.)
Descriptive— The discretion or judgment exercised by customs officials in making decisions regarding inspections, declarations, or penalties.
最終的な判断は税関の裁量に委ねられる。 (The final decision rests on the discretion of customs.)
Formal容易混淆
Both are procedures at border crossings that travelers encounter.
入国審査 (immigration) focuses on the traveler's identity and right to enter the country (passport, visa). <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> (customs) focuses on the goods the traveler is bringing into or taking out of the country (declarations, duties, prohibited items). You typically go through immigration first, then customs.
まず入国審査を受け、次に税関を通りました。(First I went through immigration, then I passed through customs.)
Both words are related to taxes and border control.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>関税</mark> (kanzei) is the tax itself, the money paid on imported or exported goods. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> (zeikan) is the government department or office responsible for collecting that tax and overseeing trade.
この品物には高い関税がかかります。税関で支払ってください。(This item incurs high customs duty. Please pay it at customs.)
Customs (<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark>) is intrinsically linked to international trade.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>貿易</mark> (boueki) refers to the general activity of international trade (importing and exporting goods and services). <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> is the governmental body that regulates and facilitates this trade by controlling borders and collecting duties.
日本は多くの国と貿易を行っています。その貿易を管理するのが税関です。(Japan conducts trade with many countries. Customs is the body that manages that trade.)
Both refer to border control points.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>水際</mark> (mizugiwa) is a more general and often metaphorical term for the border or frontier, especially where people or goods enter/exit. It can encompass immigration, customs, and security. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> is a specific, official department operating at these water's edges (or land borders).
水際での対策が強化された。特に税関での検査が厳しくなった。(Measures at the border were strengthened. In particular, inspections at customs became stricter.)
Both relate to the process of clearing goods at the border.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>通関</mark> (tsuukan) refers specifically to the act of customs clearance or the process of passing goods through customs. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> (zeikan) is the institution or place where this clearance happens.
この貨物の通関手続きは税関で行われます。(The customs clearance procedure for this cargo is carried out at customs.)
句型
Noun + は + 税関 + です。
ここは税関です。(This is customs.)
場所 + で + 税関 + を + 通る。
空港で税関を通りました。(I passed through customs at the airport.)
税関 + で + Verb。
税関で荷物を検査されました。(My luggage was inspected at customs.)
税関 + の + Noun + は + Verb。
税関の職員は親切でした。(The customs officer was kind.)
Verb +Noun+ は + 税関 + で + 申告する。
高価な品物は税関で申告する。(Declare expensive items at customs.)
Noun + は + 税関 + において + Verb。
国際貨物は税関において厳しく検査されます。(International cargo is strictly inspected at customs.)
税関 + による + Noun + は + Verb。
税関による判断は最終的です。(The decision by customs is final.)
Noun + の + 複雑化 + に伴い、+ 税関 + の + 役割 + は + Verb。
貿易の複雑化に伴い、税関の役割は増大しています。(With the increasing complexity of trade, the role of customs is growing.)
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
High (especially in contexts of travel and international trade)
-
Confusing 税関 (zeikan) with 入国審査 (nyuukoku shinsa).
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Remember that 入国審査 is for checking people (passports/visas), and <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> is for checking goods.
Learners often mix up the two processes at border crossings. Immigration (入国審査) happens first, allowing entry into the country. Customs (<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark>) happens afterwards to inspect what you are bringing in.
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Using 税関 (zeikan) when meaning 関税 (kanzei).
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Use 関税 (kanzei) when referring to the tax itself, and <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> (zeikan) for the office or department.
This is a common confusion because they are closely related. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> is the institution, and 関税 is the duty/tax collected by that institution. Saying 'I paid customs' instead of 'I paid customs duty' is imprecise.
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Not knowing what items need declaration.
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Check the official customs website or ask a customs officer if you are unsure about declaring items.
Many travelers are unaware of specific regulations regarding food, alcohol, tobacco, or high-value items. This can lead to unexpected issues at <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark>. It's always better to err on the side of caution and declare potentially questionable items.
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Assuming all inspections are 税関 (zeikan) inspections.
→
Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> specifically for border control of goods, not for general security checks or domestic inspections.
Learners might use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> to describe any kind of inspection, like at a concert or a police stop. However, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> is specifically for border control related to trade and duties.
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Using informal language when interacting with 税関 (zeikan) officers.
→
Maintain a polite and formal tone when speaking with customs officials.
Interacting with government officials, including <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>税関</mark> officers, requires respectful language. Using casual slang or overly familiar speech can be inappropriate and may not be understood.
小贴士
Be Prepared for Customs
Always check the customs regulations of your destination country before you travel. Knowing what items are prohibited or require declaration will save you time and potential trouble at the 税関.
Declare Honestly
If you have items that need to be declared, such as large amounts of cash, certain foods, or high-value goods, be honest and declare them at the 税関. This prevents penalties and ensures a smoother experience.
Learn Related Terms
Beyond 税関, learn related words like 関税 (kanzei - duty), 申告 (shinkoku - declaration), and 検査 (kensa - inspection) to better understand customs procedures.
Understand Trade Regulations
For businesses involved in import/export, thoroughly understanding 税関 regulations, tariffs, and necessary documentation is crucial for efficient international trade.
Remember the Kanji
Breaking down 税関 into '税' (tax) and '関' (barrier/checkpoint) can help you remember its meaning as a 'tax barrier' at the border.
Customs vs. Immigration
Remember that 税関 (customs) deals with goods, while 入国審査 (nyuukoku shinsa - immigration) deals with people. They are separate processes at border control.
Ask Questions Politely
If you are unsure about any customs procedure or declaration, politely ask a 税関 officer. Using polite language (e.g., 〜教えていただけますか？ - Could you please tell me?) is appreciated.
Respect Border Procedures
Passing through 税関 is a formal procedure. Cooperate with the officers and respect the rules and regulations of the country you are entering or leaving.
Utilize Digital Tools
Some countries offer mobile apps or online portals for customs declarations. Check if such services are available to streamline your experience at 税関.
Stay Informed
Customs regulations can change. Staying updated through official government websites or travel advisories will help you navigate 税関 more effectively.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a wealthy merchant trying to sneak valuable items past a stern guard at a gate. The merchant is trying to pay a 'tax' (税) to get through the 'barrier' (関). This 'tax barrier' is the 税関.
视觉联想
Picture a large, imposing gate at a border crossing. On the gate, the kanji for 'tax' (税) and 'barrier' (関) are prominently displayed. Officials in uniform are inspecting luggage passing through the gate.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe your last international trip, making sure to mention passing through 税関 and what you declared (or didn't have to declare).
词源
The word 税関 (zeikan) is a compound word formed from two kanji characters: '税' (zei) and '関' (kan). '税' means 'tax' or 'duty', referring to the financial charges imposed on goods. '関' originates from '関所' (sekisho), which historically referred to a checkpoint or barrier, particularly on roads or at borders, where travelers and goods were inspected and tolls were collected.
原始含义： Literally translates to 'tax barrier' or 'duty checkpoint'.
Sino-Japanese (Kanji compound)文化背景
When discussing 税関, it's important to be aware that it's a point of official authority. Avoid making light of customs regulations or encouraging ways to circumvent them, as this could be seen as promoting illegal activity. Focus on understanding and complying with the rules.
In English-speaking countries, the term is 'customs'. The process involves inspection of goods, declaration of items, and payment of duties. The underlying principles are similar globally: controlling borders, collecting revenue, and ensuring safety.
在生活中练习
真实语境
International Airport Arrival/Departure
- 税関はどこですか？ (Where is customs?)
- 税関を通ってください。(Please pass through customs.)
- 申告するものはありますか？(Do you have anything to declare?)
- 荷物を見せてください。(Please show your luggage.)
Importing/Exporting Goods (Business)
- 税関手続きが必要です。(Customs procedures are required.)
- 税関の許可を得てください。(Please obtain customs permission.)
- 輸出入品は税関で検査されます。(Imported and exported goods are inspected at customs.)
- 税関の規則を確認してください。(Please check the customs regulations.)
News Reports on Trade
- 税関が新しい規制を導入しました。(Customs introduced new regulations.)
- 税関当局は調査を行っています。(Customs authorities are conducting an investigation.)
- 税関の遅延が物流に影響しています。(Customs delays are affecting logistics.)
- 税関の協力が不可欠です。(Customs cooperation is essential.)
Discussing Travel Experiences
- 税関で時間がかかった。(It took a long time at customs.)
- 税関の検査は厳しかった。(The customs inspection was strict.)
- 税関で何も申告しなかった。(I didn't declare anything at customs.)
- 税関をスムーズに通過できた。(I was able to pass through customs smoothly.)
Legal/Regulatory Discussions
- 税関法を遵守する。(Comply with customs law.)
- 税関の判断に従う。(Follow customs' decision.)
- 税関の権限は大きい。(Customs has great authority.)
- 税関の透明性が求められる。(Customs transparency is required.)
对话开场白
"Have you ever had a memorable experience at customs when traveling?"
"What do you think are the most important roles of customs in a country?"
"If you were in charge of customs, what changes would you make to improve the process?"
"How do you prepare yourself before going through customs when traveling internationally?"
"What are some common items that people need to declare at customs?"
日记主题
Describe a time you had to go through customs. What was the experience like? Were there any challenges?
Imagine you are a customs officer. What would be the most rewarding and the most challenging part of your job?
Research the customs regulations of a country you'd like to visit. What are some key things travelers should know?
Write a short story about a traveler who accidentally tries to bring something prohibited through customs. What happens next?
Reflect on the balance between security and convenience at customs. Is it possible to have both? How can customs improve this balance?
常见问题
10 个问题The Japanese word for customs is 税関 (zeikan). It refers to the official department responsible for controlling imports and exports, collecting duties, and inspecting goods at national borders.
税関 (zeikan) is the customs office that inspects goods you bring into or take out of a country. 入国審査 (nyuukoku shinsa) is immigration, where your passport and visa are checked to allow you entry into the country. You typically go through immigration first, then customs.
The primary roles of 税関 are to control the flow of goods across borders, collect import and export duties and taxes, inspect items to ensure they comply with laws (e.g., no prohibited items), and contribute to national security and economic stability.
When you encounter 税関 at the airport, you will usually need to go through a checkpoint. Be prepared to show your passport and any declaration forms. If you are carrying items that need to be declared or are unsure, it's best to approach the customs officer and ask for guidance. Honesty is key to a smooth process.
関税 (kanzei) refers to customs duty or tariff, which is a tax imposed on imported or exported goods. 税関 is the institution responsible for collecting these duties.
税関 primarily refers to the government department at border points like airports, seaports, and land crossings. However, the term can also encompass the administrative functions and regulations managed by this department, even when not physically present at a checkpoint.
Failing to declare items at 税関 when required can lead to penalties, fines, confiscation of goods, or even legal prosecution, depending on the severity and nature of the undeclared items.
Before going through 税関, check the customs regulations of the country you are visiting for any prohibited or restricted items, and be aware of the duty-free allowances. If you have items to declare, fill out the necessary forms accurately and honestly.
While related, 税関 (customs) specifically deals with the inspection and taxation of goods crossing borders. Border patrol is a broader term that can include security, preventing illegal entry of people, and overall border management, which may involve customs officers but is not limited to their specific role.
To 'pass through customs' in Japanese is 税関 を通る (zeikan o tooru) or 税関 を通過する (zeikan o tsuuka suru).
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
税関 (zeikan) refers to the customs office, the government agency responsible for inspecting goods crossing national borders, collecting import/export duties and taxes, and enforcing trade regulations. It's a critical point for international travel and commerce, ensuring compliance with laws and protecting national security.
- 税関 (zeikan) is the customs office.
- It inspects goods and collects duties/taxes.
- Used in travel and international trade.
- Crucial for border control and security.
Be Prepared for Customs
Always check the customs regulations of your destination country before you travel. Knowing what items are prohibited or require declaration will save you time and potential trouble at the 税関.
Declare Honestly
If you have items that need to be declared, such as large amounts of cash, certain foods, or high-value goods, be honest and declare them at the 税関. This prevents penalties and ensures a smoother experience.
Learn Related Terms
Beyond 税関, learn related words like 関税 (kanzei - duty), 申告 (shinkoku - declaration), and 検査 (kensa - inspection) to better understand customs procedures.
Understand Trade Regulations
For businesses involved in import/export, thoroughly understanding 税関 regulations, tariffs, and necessary documentation is crucial for efficient international trade.
例句
税関で申告が必要です。
相关内容
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くらい/ぐらい
B1表示数量或程度的大约、左右（大概、到...的程度）。
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B1在旅馆、饭店等处投宿。 '我们在东京预订了住宿。'
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冒険
B1Adventure; an exciting or unusual experience.
手頃
B1价格、大小或难度适中；经济实惠且易于处理。
〜の後に
B1这个短语的意思是“在……之后”，用于名词或事件之后。它表示时间的先后顺序。
〜の後で
B1下班后，我要回家。
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A2Airport.
航空会社
B1航空公司是使用飞机提供客运或货运服务的企业。 '这家航空公司提供飞往世界各地的航班。'
