When you encounter the Japanese word 「腫れ」 (hare), it refers to a swelling or inflammation in the body. It’s a noun that describes a part of the body that has become enlarged or puffy, often due to injury, infection, or an allergic reaction. You might hear it used in medical contexts or everyday conversations about minor injuries. For instance, if you sprain your ankle, you could describe the resulting puffiness as 「腫れ」. Understanding this word is useful for discussing health and physical conditions in Japanese.
When discussing medical conditions in Japanese, it's very helpful to know common terms. 「腫れ」(hare) refers to a swelling or inflammation, often due to injury, infection, or an allergic reaction. You might use it to describe a swollen ankle after a sprain, or an inflamed area around a cut. This word is typically used when you can physically see or feel the affected area. Understanding its usage will allow you to more accurately describe symptoms when talking to a doctor or explaining an injury to someone.
§ Understanding 腫れ (hare)
When you're learning Japanese, especially medical or descriptive terms, it's easy to get confused. Let's clear up some common mistakes people make when using 腫れ (hare), which means 'swelling' or 'inflammation'.
- DEFINITION
- 腫れ (hare) refers to a physical enlargement or distension of a body part, usually due to injury, infection, or internal conditions. It's a noun.
§ Mistake 1: Confusing 腫れ with 痛い (itai) or 痛み (itami)
A very common error is to use 腫れ when you actually mean pain. While swelling can be painful, 腫れ specifically describes the physical change, not the sensation of pain.
Incorrect: 足が腫れいです。(Ashi ga hare desu.) - *This attempts to use 腫れ as an i-adjective, which it isn't, and implies 'my leg is swelling' rather than 'my leg is painful'.
Correct Usage for Pain: 足が痛いです。(Ashi ga itai desu.) - My leg hurts.
Correct Usage for Swelling: 足に腫れがあります。(Ashi ni hare ga arimasu.) - My leg has swelling.
怪我をして、足に腫れがあります。
Translation hint: "I got injured, and my leg has swelling."
§ Mistake 2: Using 腫れ as a verb directly
Since 腫れ is a noun, you can't just attach it to a subject to make a sentence like "my foot swells." You need to use the verb form, 腫れる (hareru).
Incorrect: 彼の顔は腫れです。(Kare no kao wa hare desu.) - *This means "His face is swelling," but grammatically it's like saying "His face is swelling (noun)", which is awkward.
Correct Verb Form: 彼の顔が腫れています。(Kare no kao ga harete imasu.) - His face is swelling (right now).
Correct Noun Form: 彼の顔に腫れがあります。(Kare no kao ni hare ga arimasu.) - There is swelling on his face.
アレルギーで目が腫れてしまいました。
Translation hint: "Due to allergies, my eyes have swollen up."
§ Mistake 3: Overlooking Contextual Nouns with 腫れ
Sometimes, English speakers might try to directly translate phrases like "swollen ankle" by just putting 腫れ before a noun. Japanese often uses 腫れ combined with other words to form more specific descriptions.
Less Natural: 腫れ足首 (hare ashikubi) - *While understandable, it's not the most natural phrasing.
More Natural: 足首の腫れ (ashikubi no hare) - Swelling of the ankle / Ankle swelling.
Using the verb: 足首が腫れている (ashikubi ga harete iru) - The ankle is swollen.
転んで、膝に大きな腫れができました。
Translation hint: "I fell and got a big swelling on my knee."
§ Mistake 4: Using 腫れ for general 'bloating' or 'puffiness'
While 腫れ can describe puffiness, especially around the eyes, it usually implies a more significant, often medically related swelling. For general bloating after a meal or simple puffiness, other words might be more appropriate, although 腫れ isn't entirely wrong for general puffiness, it carries a slightly stronger nuance of actual inflammation or fluid retention.
For general bloating (e.g., stomach): お腹が張る (onaka ga haru) - stomach feels tight/bloated.
For puffiness (e.g., face in the morning): 顔がむくむ (kao ga mukumu) - face gets puffy/swollen (often from fluid retention).
朝起きたら、顔が腫れていた。
Translation hint: "When I woke up in the morning, my face was swollen." (Here, 腫れる is acceptable for facial puffiness, but むくむ is also common).
§ Key Takeaways for 腫れ
To avoid these common mistakes:
Remember 腫れ is a noun meaning 'swelling' or 'inflammation'.
Use the verb 腫れる (hareru) when you want to say something 'swells' or 'is swollen'.
Distinguish 腫れ from 痛み (pain).
Be mindful of other similar words like むくみ for more general puffiness.
Practice using 腫れ in different contexts, and you'll get the hang of it!
§ Understanding 腫れ (hare)
The Japanese word 腫れ (hare) is a common and practical term you'll hear when talking about physical discomfort. It means "swelling" or "inflammation." Think of it as your go-to word for when a part of your body gets puffy, enlarged, or inflamed due to an injury, allergy, or infection. It's a versatile noun that describes the state of being swollen.
- DEFINITION
- Swelling, inflammation.
足の腫れがひどい。
Translation hint: The swelling in my foot is bad.
虫に刺されて、まぶたが腫れてしまった。
Translation hint: My eyelid swelled up after being bitten by an insect.
§ Similar Words and Their Usage
While 腫れ is a general term, there are other words in Japanese that can also describe similar conditions. Understanding their nuances will help you choose the most appropriate word.
むくみ (mukumi): This also means "swelling" but specifically refers to swelling caused by fluid retention, often in the legs, face, or hands. It's less about inflammation from injury and more about puffiness due to water accumulation. Think of it as edema.
立ち仕事で足がむくみやすい。
Translation hint: My legs tend to swell (retain fluid) from standing work.
炎症 (enshou): This word means "inflammation." While 腫れ can be a symptom of 炎症, 炎症 itself is a broader medical term referring to the body's response to injury or infection. It involves redness, heat, pain, and swelling. So, 腫れ is the visible swelling, while 炎症 is the underlying process.
傷口に炎症が起きている。
Translation hint: There's inflammation in the wound.
腫瘍 (shuyou): This means "tumor." This is a more serious medical term referring to an abnormal growth of tissue, which can be either benign or malignant. While a tumor might cause a visible lump or swelling, it's a specific type of abnormal growth, not just general swelling.
検査の結果、良性の腫瘍だと判明した。
Translation hint: The test results showed it was a benign tumor.
§ When to Use 腫れ
Use 腫れ when you want to describe a general swelling or puffiness that results from an injury, allergic reaction, or infection. It's the most common and versatile word for visible enlargement of a body part. It can be used for anything from a bee sting to a sprained ankle.
In summary:
腫れ (hare): General swelling, inflammation (visible effect).
むくみ (mukumi): Swelling due to fluid retention (edema).
炎症 (enshou): Medical term for inflammation (the underlying process, including swelling, redness, pain).
腫瘍 (shuyou): Tumor (abnormal growth of tissue).
By understanding these differences, you can communicate more accurately about physical conditions in Japanese. Start with 腫れ for most swelling, and then consider the more specific terms if the situation calls for it.
发音指南
- hahr-ay
按水平分级的例句
虫に刺されて、腕が腫れています。
My arm is swollen after being bitten by an insect.
転んで膝に腫れができました。
I fell and got a swelling on my knee.
この薬は腫れを抑える効果があります。
This medicine has the effect of reducing swelling.
医者によると、腫れは数日で引くそうです。
According to the doctor, the swelling should go down in a few days.
足首の腫れがひどいので、病院に行きます。
My ankle swelling is bad, so I'm going to the hospital.
冷たいタオルで腫れを冷やしてください。
Please cool the swelling with a cold towel.
腫れが引いたら、また遊びに行きましょう。
When the swelling goes down, let's go out and play again.
彼は顔の腫れを隠すためにマスクをしています。
He is wearing a mask to hide the swelling on his face.
怪我をしてから膝の腫れが引かず、日常生活にも支障をきたしている。
Since the injury, the swelling in my knee hasn't subsided, making daily life difficult.
アレルギー反応で顔に腫れが出て、呼吸も少し苦しくなってきた。
An allergic reaction caused swelling in my face, and breathing became a bit difficult.
虫刺されの腫れがひどく、痒みで夜も眠れないほどだ。
The insect bite swelling is severe, and the itching prevents me from sleeping at night.
手術後、患部の腫れを抑えるために、毎日アイシングを続けている。
After the surgery, I continue to ice the affected area daily to reduce swelling.
長時間のフライトで足に腫れが出ることがよくあるので、着圧ソックスを着用するようにしている。
My feet often swell on long flights, so I try to wear compression socks.
この薬は炎症を抑え、腫れを軽減する効果があります。
This medicine is effective in suppressing inflammation and reducing swelling.
歯茎の腫れがひどく、食事がまともにできない状態だ。
The swelling in my gums is severe, making it impossible to eat properly.
彼の目には、悲しみと疲労からくるわずかな腫れが見て取れた。
A slight swelling, stemming from sadness and fatigue, was visible in his eyes.
小贴士
Basic Meaning of 腫れ
腫れ (hare) refers to a swelling or inflammation. It's a common term you'll hear in medical contexts or when talking about injuries.
Common Usage: Part of Body + 腫れ
You often combine 腫れ with a body part to specify where the swelling is. For example, 目の腫れ (me no hare) means 'swelling of the eye'.
Verb Form: 腫れる
The verb form is 腫れる (hareru), meaning 'to swell' or 'become swollen'. For example, 足が腫れています (ashi ga harete imasu) means 'my leg is swollen'.
Associated Adjective: 腫れた
You can use 腫れた (hareta) as an adjective, meaning 'swollen'. For instance, 腫れた目 (hareta me) refers to a 'swollen eye'.
Difference from 痛み (itami)
While 腫れ often accompanies 痛み (itami, pain), they are distinct. 腫れ is the physical enlargement, 痛み is the sensation. You can have one without the other.
Use with Injuries
This word is highly relevant when discussing injuries. If you sprain your ankle, you might say 足首が腫れてる (ashikubi ga hareteru), meaning 'my ankle is swollen'.
Context in Allergies
In the context of allergies, you might hear this word used. For example, if you have a reaction to something, your face might 腫れる (hareru).
In the Hospital/Clinic
When explaining symptoms to a doctor, 腫れ is a key word. You'll likely be asked if there's any 腫れ (hare) or where it is.
Reading Medical Information
When reading medical information in Japanese, especially about common ailments or first aid, expect to see 腫れ frequently. It's a fundamental term.
Pronunciation Practice
Practice the pronunciation: はれ (HA-re). The 'ha' sound is like 'h' in hat, and 're' is like 're' in red. Focus on clear, short syllables.
自我测试 36 个问题
Choose the correct kanji for 'hare' (swelling):
「腫れ」 (hare) means swelling. 「晴れ」 (hare) means clear weather. 「張れ」 (hare) is not a common word for swelling. 「発れ」 is not a valid word.
Which sentence correctly uses 「腫れ」?
「腫れ」 refers to swelling. The other options use 'hare' in the context of weather or mood, which would be 「晴れ」 (clear).
What is the most likely meaning of 「まぶたの腫れ」?
「まぶた」 means eyelid, and 「腫れ」 means swelling. So, 「まぶたの腫れ」 means swollen eyelid.
「腫れ」 can refer to a part of the body becoming bigger due to injury or illness.
「腫れ」 specifically means swelling, which is an increase in size of a body part, often due to injury or illness.
You can use 「腫れ」 to describe a sunny day.
No, 「腫れ」 means swelling. To describe a sunny day, you would use 「晴れ」.
If your ankle is 「腫れ」, it means it is getting smaller.
「腫れ」 means swelling, which indicates an increase in size, not a decrease.
Imagine you sprained your ankle. Describe your symptoms using '腫れ' (hare).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
昨日、足首を捻挫してしまい、今朝起きたらひどく腫れていました。歩くたびにズキズキと痛み、熱も持っています。
You are at a clinic and the doctor asks about your throat. Explain that you have a sore throat with swelling. Use '腫れ' (hare).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先生、実は数日前から喉が痛くて、鏡で見たら少し腫れているように見えます。唾を飲み込むのも辛いです。
You're telling a friend about a bee sting. Describe the swelling that occurred. Use '腫れ' (hare).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
昨日、蜂に刺されてしまって、刺されたところが赤く腫れています。かゆみもひどいです。
この人は体のどの部分に腫れがありましたか？ (Which part of the body had swelling for this person?)
Read this passage:
先日、自転車で転んで膝を強く打ちました。その日は何ともなかったのですが、翌日になると膝がひどく腫れてしまい、曲げることもできませんでした。すぐに病院へ行き、レントゲンを撮ってもらったところ、骨には異常がないとのことでした。医師からはしばらく安静にするように言われ、湿布を処方されました。
この人は体のどの部分に腫れがありましたか？ (Which part of the body had swelling for this person?)
文章には「翌日になると膝がひどく腫れてしまい」と明記されています。(The passage clearly states 'the next day, my knee became severely swollen'.)
文章には「翌日になると膝がひどく腫れてしまい」と明記されています。(The passage clearly states 'the next day, my knee became severely swollen'.)
花粉症の季節に顔が腫れぼったくなる原因として、この文章で述べられているのは何ですか？ (According to this passage, what is mentioned as a reason for facial swelling during hay fever season?)
Read this passage:
花粉症の季節になると、目が痒くなったり、鼻水が出たりするだけでなく、顔全体がむくんで腫れぼったくなることがあります。特に朝起きた時にひどく、鏡を見て驚くことも少なくありません。このような症状を和らげるためには、アレルギー薬の服用や、目を洗い流すなどの対策が有効です。
花粉症の季節に顔が腫れぼったくなる原因として、この文章で述べられているのは何ですか？ (According to this passage, what is mentioned as a reason for facial swelling during hay fever season?)
文章は「花粉症の季節になると」と始まり、顔が腫れるのは花粉症の症状の一部として説明されています。(The passage begins with 'During hay fever season' and explains facial swelling as part of hay fever symptoms.)
文章は「花粉症の季節になると」と始まり、顔が腫れるのは花粉症の症状の一部として説明されています。(The passage begins with 'During hay fever season' and explains facial swelling as part of hay fever symptoms.)
虫刺されの腫れを悪化させる可能性のある行動は何ですか？ (What action might worsen swelling from an insect bite?)
Read this passage:
虫刺されは、種類によっては強いかゆみだけでなく、赤く大きく腫れ上がることがあります。特に蚊に刺された場合、体質によっては数日間、腫れが引かないことも珍しくありません。かゆくて掻きむしってしまうと、さらに腫れが悪化したり、化膿したりすることもあるため、市販薬などで適切に対処することが大切です。
虫刺されの腫れを悪化させる可能性のある行動は何ですか？ (What action might worsen swelling from an insect bite?)
文章には「かゆくて掻きむしってしまうと、さらに腫れが悪化したり」と書かれています。(The passage states 'If you scratch it because it's itchy, the swelling may worsen'.)
文章には「かゆくて掻きむしってしまうと、さらに腫れが悪化したり」と書かれています。(The passage states 'If you scratch it because it's itchy, the swelling may worsen'.)
風邪をひいて、喉に___ができた。
The sentence describes having a cold and something forming in the throat. '腫れ' (swelling) fits the context of a symptom.
虫刺されの___がなかなか引かない。
The sentence talks about an insect bite and something not receding. '腫れ' (swelling) is a common symptom of insect bites.
手術後、患部の___が心配です。
After surgery, swelling (腫れ) in the affected area is a common concern.
アレルギー反応で顔が___上がった。
An allergic reaction often causes swelling (腫れ) in the face.
炎症を抑えるために、___止めを服用した。
To suppress inflammation, one would take anti-inflammatory medication, which targets swelling (腫れ).
捻挫した足の___がひどくて、歩くのが辛い。
A sprained ankle would typically have severe swelling (腫れ), making it difficult to walk.
風邪をひいて喉に違和感があり、鏡で見たら赤く___ていた。
The context describes a red, uncomfortable throat due to a cold. '腫れ' (swelling) fits this description.
アレルギー反応で顔が___上がってしまい、病院へ行った。
An allergic reaction often causes swelling. '腫れ' (swelling) is the correct choice here.
捻挫した足首は___が引かず、歩くのが困難だった。
When an ankle is sprained (捻挫), swelling (腫れ) is a common symptom that makes walking difficult.
運動後に筋肉が少し張ることは、必ずしも「腫れ」とは言わない。
Muscle soreness or tightness after exercise (筋肉が張る) is different from pathological swelling (腫れ).
虫に刺された部分の「腫れ」は、通常、時間が経てば自然に引く。
Swelling from insect bites (虫に刺された部分の腫れ) usually subsides naturally over time.
「腫れ」は、常に痛みを伴う症状である。
While swelling often accompanies pain, it is not always painful. Some swelling can be painless.
The swelling in my knee hasn't gone down since the injury.
The swelling in my face was so severe I couldn't open my eyes.
My arm swelled up significantly from an insect bite.
Read this aloud:
この薬は腫れを抑える効果があります。
Focus: はれ (hare), おさえる (osaeru)
你说的：
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Read this aloud:
足首の腫れが引くまで運動は控えてください。
Focus: あしくび (ashikubi), はれ (hare), ひく (hiku)
你说的：
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Read this aloud:
医師に相談し、適切な処置で腫れを管理しましょう。
Focus: いし (ishi), そうだん (soudan), はれ (hare)
你说的：
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重度の捻挫で足首に____が生じ、歩行が困難になった。
文脈から、捻挫によって足首に「腫れ」が生じ、歩行困難になったと考えるのが自然です。
アレルギー反応で顔にひどい____が出て、病院に行くことになった。
アレルギー反応によって顔に生じる症状として、「腫れ」が適切です。
虫刺されの跡がどんどん大きくなり、見るからに____がひどい。
虫刺されで跡が大きくなるのは「腫れ」の特徴です。
「腫れ」は、体内の細胞が異常に増殖してできるできものを指す。
「腫れ」は主に炎症や体液の貯留などによって組織が膨らむことを指し、細胞の異常増殖とは直接関係ありません。
皮膚の表面だけでなく、体の内部の臓器にも「腫れ」が生じることがある。
内臓の炎症や疾患によっても「腫れ」は生じます。
「腫れ」は必ず痛みを伴う。
腫れは必ずしも痛みを伴うわけではありません。痛みのない腫れも存在します。
/ 36 correct
Perfect score!
Basic Meaning of 腫れ
腫れ (hare) refers to a swelling or inflammation. It's a common term you'll hear in medical contexts or when talking about injuries.
Common Usage: Part of Body + 腫れ
You often combine 腫れ with a body part to specify where the swelling is. For example, 目の腫れ (me no hare) means 'swelling of the eye'.
Verb Form: 腫れる
The verb form is 腫れる (hareru), meaning 'to swell' or 'become swollen'. For example, 足が腫れています (ashi ga harete imasu) means 'my leg is swollen'.
Associated Adjective: 腫れた
You can use 腫れた (hareta) as an adjective, meaning 'swollen'. For instance, 腫れた目 (hareta me) refers to a 'swollen eye'.
相关内容
更多health词汇
しばらく
B1For a while, for some time.
異変がある
B1To have an unusual change or abnormality.
異常な
B1Abnormal; unusual; irregular.
擦り傷
B1Scratch, graze, abrasion.
吸収する
B1To absorb.
禁酒
B1Abstinence from alcohol; the act of refraining from alcohol.
痛む
A2to hurt; to ache
鍼灸
B1Acupuncture and moxibustion; traditional Chinese medicine treatments.
急性的
B1Acute.
急性な
B1Acute
