내려오다 30秒了解
- To come down (towards speaker).
- Movement from high to low, approaching.
- Contrast with '내려가다' (go down away).
- Used for people, objects, prices, weather.
The Korean verb 내려오다 (naeryeooda) is fundamental for describing movement downwards. It literally translates to 'to come down.' This verb is used when something or someone is descending from a higher point to a lower point, specifically with the implication that the movement is towards the speaker or a point of reference that is lower. Think of it as 'coming down' rather than just 'going down.' For instance, if you are standing on the second floor and your friend on the third floor is coming to your floor, they are 내려오다. If you are on the ground floor and a bird is flying down from the sky towards you, the bird is 내려오다. It can apply to physical objects, people, animals, and even abstract concepts like prices or temperatures when they decrease. The core idea is a downward trajectory towards a specific location or person.
아이들이 놀이터에서 내려와요. (Children are coming down from the playground.)
- Physical Movement
- Used for people, animals, or objects moving from a higher to a lower physical location. For example, 'The cat is coming down from the roof.' (고양이가 지붕에서 내려와요.)
- Descent
- Applies to things like elevators, escalators, or even a person walking down stairs towards you. 'The elevator is coming down.' (엘리베이터가 내려와요.)
- Temperature/Price
- Can be used metaphorically when something decreases. 'The temperature is coming down.' (기온이 내려와요.) or 'Prices are coming down.' (가격이 내려와요.)
비가 내려요. (Rain is falling.) - Here, '내려오다' is often shortened to '내리다' when talking about rain, but the concept of coming down is the same.
Understanding the directionality is key. If you are on a hill and someone is walking down towards you, they are 내려오다. If they are walking down the hill away from you, they would be using 내려가다. This subtle distinction is crucial in Korean. The verb conjugates in the same way as other verbs, with common endings like -아요/어요 (ay-o/e-yo) for polite informal speech, -ㅂ니다/습니다 (-mnida/-seumnida) for formal speech, and -아/어 (-a/-eo) for casual speech.
- Everyday Scenarios
- You'll hear this when asking someone to come down from their room, when waiting for someone to descend from a higher floor in a building, or when observing something physically moving downwards. For example, if you're waiting for your friend to come down from the bus on a higher stop, you'd say '빨리 내려와!' (Come down quickly!).
택시가 저 아래에서 내려와요. (The taxi is coming down from down there.)
The verb 내려오다 (naeryeooda) is conjugated like most Korean verbs. The base form is 내려오다. In polite informal speech, it often becomes 내려와요 (naeryeowayo). In formal speech, it's 내려옵니다 (naeryeoomnida). For casual speech among close friends, you might hear 내려와 (naeryeowa).
엄마, 제가 내려갈게요. (Mom, I will come down.) - Here, the speaker is on a higher level and will go down to where 'Mom' is, so '내려가다' is used. If the mom was on a lower level and the speaker was coming down to her, it would be '제가 내려올게요.' (I will come down.)
- Basic Sentence Structure
- Subject + (Location Particle) + 내려오다 (conjugated). For example: 'The child is coming down the stairs.' (아이가 계단에서 내려와요.) Here, '아이가' (the child) is the subject, and '계단에서' (from the stairs) indicates the location from which the descent happens.
- With Objects
- While 내려오다 primarily indicates movement towards the speaker, it can sometimes be used with an object if the context implies descent towards the speaker's location. For example: 'Please bring the book down.' (책을 내려와 주세요.) This is less common than using a verb like '가져오다' (to bring), but possible if the speaker is on a lower floor and the book is on a higher floor.
- Questions
- 'When will you come down?' (언제 내려와요?) 'Is the bus coming down yet?' (버스가 아직 내려와요?)
산에서 내려와요. (I am coming down from the mountain.)
손님이 1층으로 내려오셨어요. (The guest has come down to the first floor.) - Note the honorific '-시-' added for politeness.
In commands or requests, you can use the imperative form: '빨리 내려와!' (Come down quickly!) or '좀 내려와 주시겠어요?' (Could you please come down?). The verb's meaning is reinforced by its components: '내리다' (to go down/descend) and '오다' (to come). Together, they create the specific nuance of 'coming down.' Understanding this composition helps in grasping the directional aspect.
- Common Verb Endings
- - 내려와요 (naeryeowayo): Polite informal, present tense. (e.g., 친구가 내려와요. My friend is coming down.)
- 내려왔어요 (naeryeoasseoyo): Polite informal, past tense. (e.g., 아기가 내려왔어요. The baby came down.)
- 내려올 거예요 (naeryeol geoyeyo): Polite informal, future tense. (e.g., 비가 내려올 거예요. Rain will come down.)
- 내려오세요 (naeryeowoseyo): Polite command/invitation. (e.g., 방에서 내려오세요. Please come down from your room.)
You will encounter 내려오다 (naeryeooda) in a multitude of everyday situations in Korea. It's a verb used frequently in spoken language because movement and location are such common topics of conversation.
In a house or apartment building: If you are on the ground floor and call out to someone upstairs, you might say, '야, 빨리 내려와!' (Hey, come down quickly!) or '언제 내려올 거야?' (When are you coming down?).
- Homes and Dormitories
- Parents calling children down for meals, friends meeting on a lower floor, or roommates asking each other to come down from their rooms are prime examples. '밥 먹자, 내려와!' (Let's eat, come down!) is a very common phrase.
- Public Spaces
- In shopping malls, you might hear announcements like '에스컬레이터가 1층으로 내려갑니다.' (The escalator is going down to the first floor.) - though here '내려가다' is more common for fixed installations. However, if you're waiting for a friend who is coming down from a higher floor in a department store, you'd say, '그 친구가 곧 내려올 거예요.' (That friend will be coming down soon.)
- Nature and Outdoors
- When hiking, if you are at the base of a mountain and someone is descending, you might say, '저 사람이 산에서 내려오고 있어요.' (That person is coming down from the mountain.) Similarly, if a bird flies down from a tree towards you, you could describe it as '새가 나무에서 내려왔어요.' (The bird came down from the tree.)
- Weather
- While '내리다' is more common for rain, you might hear it used in a slightly more descriptive way like '하늘에서 비가 내려와요.' (Rain is coming down from the sky.) emphasizing the descent.
- Figurative Use
- In news reports or discussions about the economy, you might hear '물가가 내려왔으면 좋겠어요.' (I hope prices come down.) or '온도가 내려갔어요.' (The temperature went down) - though for temperature, '내려갔어요' (went down) is more common than '내려왔어요' (came down) unless the speaker is implying it came down towards their current, lower location.
엘리베이터가 멈추지 않고 내려왔어요. (The elevator came down without stopping.)
Learners often confuse 내려오다 (naeryeooda - to come down) with 내려가다 (naeryeogada - to go down) due to the subtle but important difference in directionality implied by the '오다' (to come) and '가다' (to go) components.
Mistake: 저는 계단을 내려가요. (I am going down the stairs.) - when the speaker is actually on a higher floor and talking to someone on a lower floor, intending to join them.
Correct: 저는 계단으로 내려와요. (I am coming down the stairs.)
- Confusing Direction
- The most frequent error is using 내려가다 when 내려오다 is appropriate, and vice versa. Remember: 내려오다 implies movement *towards* the speaker or a reference point that is lower and closer. 내려가다 implies movement *away* from the speaker or towards a lower point that is further away.
- Overlooking '오다' (to come)
- Learners sometimes treat '내려오다' and '내려가다' as interchangeable synonyms for 'to go down.' This overlooks the crucial directional nuance. If you are on the 3rd floor and your friend is on the 1st floor, and you are going to meet them, you are going to '내려가다' (go down). But if your friend is on the 3rd floor and you are on the 2nd floor, and they are coming to your floor, they are '내려오다' (coming down).
- Incorrect Conjugation
- While less common, some learners might struggle with the conjugation of verbs ending in '오' (o), like '내려오다'. The stem is '내려오-', and when adding vowel endings like -아/어, it becomes '내려와-' (e.g., 내려와요). Incorrectly forming this (e.g., 내려오어요) is a conjugation error.
- Using '내리다' inappropriately
- '내리다' is a related verb that often means 'to descend' or 'to get off' (a vehicle). While it shares the root concept of downward movement, '내려오다' specifically implies coming towards the speaker. Using '내리다' when the 'coming towards' aspect is important can sound unnatural.
Mistake: 제가 2층에서 내려왔어요. (I came down from the 2nd floor.) - when the speaker is actually on the 4th floor and going down to the 2nd floor, and the person they are speaking to is also on the 4th floor or higher.
Correct: 제가 2층으로 내려갔어요. (I went down to the 2nd floor.)
While 내려오다 (naeryeooda) is specific, several other words and phrases convey downward movement, with subtle differences in nuance and usage.
- 내려가다 (naeryeogada)
- Meaning: To go down, descend.
Difference: This is the most direct antonym in terms of direction. Use 내려가다 when the movement is downwards and *away* from the speaker or listener. If you are on the 3rd floor and going to the 1st floor, you are 내려가다. If your friend is on the 5th floor and coming to the 3rd floor where you are, they are 내려오다.
Example: 저는 지하철역으로 내려갔어요. (I went down to the subway station.) - 내리다 (naerida)
- Meaning: To descend, get off, fall (rain, snow).
Difference: This verb is more versatile. It can mean 'to come down' (similar to 내려오다) but also 'to go down' (similar to 내려가다) depending on context. It's very common for weather phenomena (비가 내려요 - It's raining) and for getting off vehicles (버스에서 내렸어요 - I got off the bus). When used for physical descent, it often implies a more general downward movement without the strong 'towards the speaker' nuance of 내려오다. In some contexts, especially with weather, it's the preferred verb.
Example: 눈이 내리고 있어요. (Snow is falling.) - 하강하다 (haganghada)
- Meaning: To descend, plunge, fall (often in a more formal or technical context).
Difference: This is a Sino-Korean word, more formal and often used in news reports, technical descriptions, or when discussing things like airplane descent, stock prices falling sharply, or a deep fall. It lacks the personal, everyday feel of 내려오다.
Example: 주가가 크게 하강했어요. (Stock prices have fallen significantly.) - 떨어지다 (tteoreojida)
- Meaning: To fall, drop.
Difference: This verb focuses on the act of falling from a height, often due to gravity or accident. It doesn't necessarily imply movement towards the speaker. Something can 떨어지다 without anyone being there to 'come down' to. It's used for objects falling, someone falling down, or even abstract things like grades falling.
Example: 사과가 나무에서 떨어졌어요. (An apple fell from the tree.) - 강림하다 (gangnimhada)
- Meaning: To descend (especially for deities, spirits, or important figures); to come down (in a grand or significant manner).
Difference: This is a very specific and often religious or literary term. It implies a divine or highly significant descent. You would never use this for everyday movement.
Example: 신이 세상에 강림하셨다. (A god descended upon the world.)
Comparison:
내려오다: A friend coming down from the 2nd floor to your 1st floor.
내려가다: You going down from the 3rd floor to the 1st floor.
내리다: Rain falling from the sky, or getting off a bus.
떨어지다: A ball falling from a height.
하강하다: An airplane descending.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The verb '내리다' itself is ancient in Korean and has roots related to downward movement. The addition of '오다' to specify the direction towards the speaker is a common way to create nuanced verbs in Korean, reflecting the importance of speaker perspective.
发音指南
- Pronouncing '내려' as two separate syllables '내-려' instead of blending them.
- Incorrectly stressing the '내' (nae) syllable instead of the final '-오다'.
- Muffling the 'ㅇ' (ng) sound in '내려'.
难度评级
At the A1 level, '내려오다' is a fundamental verb. Learners will encounter it frequently in simple texts, dialogues, and children's stories. Understanding the basic meaning of 'coming down' is straightforward, but distinguishing it from '내려가다' requires attention to context and the speaker's perspective, which can be a slight challenge for beginners.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Conjugation of verbs ending in '오' (e.g., '내려오다'). The stem is '내려오-'. When adding vowel endings like -아/어, the '오' combines with the vowel to form '와' or '어'. For '-아요/어요', it becomes '-와요'. Example: 내려오 + -아요 = 내려와요.
내려오다 -> 내려와요
Use of location particles '에서' (from) and '으로/로' (to/towards) with verbs of motion like '내려오다'. '에서' indicates the origin, and '으로/로' indicates the destination.
아이가 집에서 거실로 내려왔어요. (The child came down from the house to the living room.)
The distinction between '내려오다' (come down towards speaker) and '내려가다' (go down away from speaker). This is crucial for accurate directionality.
내가 2층에서 내려갈게. (I will go down from the 2nd floor.) vs. 네가 3층에서 내려와. (You come down from the 3rd floor.)
Use of honorifics with verbs of motion, such as adding '-시-' to show respect when the subject is a senior.
할머니께서 내려오셨어요. (Grandmother came down.)
Combining verbs with connectors like -는데 (while/and) or -니까 (because/since) to create more complex sentences describing downward movement.
산에서 내려오는데 갑자기 비가 쏟아졌어요. (While coming down from the mountain, it suddenly poured rain.)
按水平分级的例句
아기가 내려와요.
The baby is coming down.
Present tense, polite informal (-아요/어요).
빨리 내려와!
Come down quickly!
Imperative, casual.
고양이가 지붕에서 내려와요.
The cat is coming down from the roof.
Present tense, polite informal (-아요/어요), location particle '에서' (from).
저기 내려와요.
It's coming down over there.
Present tense, polite informal (-아요/어요), indicating direction towards the listener.
언제 내려올 거예요?
When are you coming down?
Future tense, polite informal (-ㄹ 거예요).
엘리베이터가 내려와요.
The elevator is coming down.
Present tense, polite informal (-아요/어요).
엄마, 내려갈게요.
Mom, I will go down.
Future tense, polite informal (-ㄹ게요), using '내려가다' because the movement is away from the speaker's current higher position.
비가 내려요.
It's raining.
Present tense, polite informal (-아요/어요), common usage for rain, related to '내리다'.
친구들이 놀이터에서 내려왔어요.
My friends came down from the playground.
Past tense, polite informal (-았/었어요), indicating movement from a higher/separate location towards the speaker.
차가 언덕에서 내려와요.
The car is coming down the hill.
Present tense, polite informal (-아요/어요), implying the car is coming towards the speaker's location.
할머니께서 2층에서 내려오셨어요.
Grandmother came down from the second floor.
Past tense, polite informal (-았/었어요) with honorific '-시-'.
짐을 아래층으로 내려와 주세요.
Please bring the luggage down to the lower floor.
Request, polite informal (-아/어 주세요), implies the speaker is on the lower floor.
산 정상에서 내려오는데 날씨가 추워졌어요.
As I was coming down from the mountain summit, the weather got cold.
Present participle (-는데) connecting clauses, indicating a simultaneous or background action.
이 물건을 내려놓으세요.
Please put this item down.
Polite command (-으세요), used when placing something from a higher position to a lower one.
계절이 바뀌면서 기온이 내려왔어요.
As the seasons changed, the temperature came down.
Past tense, polite informal (-았/었어요), figurative use for temperature.
새가 나무에서 내려왔다.
The bird came down from the tree.
Past tense, casual.
등산을 마치고 산기슭으로 내려왔을 때, 상쾌한 공기가 느껴졌다.
When I finished hiking and came down to the foot of the mountain, I felt the refreshing air.
Past tense nominalized (-었을 때) indicating a point in time, descriptive sentence.
경기 침체로 인해 상품 가격이 점차 내려오고 있다.
Due to the economic recession, product prices are gradually coming down.
Present progressive (-고 있다), figurative use for prices.
아버지는 서재에서 서류를 들고 거실로 내려오셨다.
Father came down from the study with documents to the living room.
Past tense, polite informal (-았/었어요) with honorific '-시-', clear directional movement.
이 층에서 내려가려면 계단을 이용해야 합니다.
To go down from this floor, you must use the stairs.
Purpose clause (-려면), using '내려가다' as the speaker is likely on a higher floor and indicating a general direction away from them.
밤이 깊어지면서 기온이 더욱 내려갈 것으로 예상된다.
As the night deepens, the temperature is expected to go down further.
Future tense nominalized (-ㄹ 것으로 예상되다), using '내려가다' for temperature decrease.
가파른 절벽에서 내려오는 것은 매우 위험한 일이었다.
Coming down from the steep cliff was a very dangerous task.
Present participle (-는 것) used as a noun phrase, describing the action.
새로운 기술의 발전으로 생산 비용이 내려오기를 기대하고 있다.
We are expecting production costs to come down with the development of new technology.
Nominalized verb (-기를 기대하다), figurative use for costs.
그는 옥상에서 내려왔고, 나는 그를 기다리고 있었다.
He came down from the rooftop, and I was waiting for him.
Past tense (-았/었고) connecting two clauses, clear directional movement towards the speaker.
경제 불황으로 인해 여러 기업의 주가가 급격히 내려왔다.
Due to the economic downturn, the stock prices of several companies have sharply come down.
Past tense, casual, figurative use for stock prices, implying a significant drop towards a lower point.
이 오래된 건물에서 내려오려 할 때마다 삐걱거리는 소리가 난다.
Every time I try to come down from this old building, it makes creaking sounds.
Nominalized verb (-려 할 때마다) expressing habitual action, focus on descent towards the speaker.
엘리베이터가 고장 나서, 계단을 이용해 10층에서 내려가야 했다.
The elevator broke down, so I had to go down from the 10th floor using the stairs.
Past tense nominalized (-어야 했다) expressing necessity, using '내려가다' as the movement is away from the speaker's current high position.
그는 마치 신화 속 영웅처럼 산봉우리에서 내려왔고, 마을 사람들은 환호했다.
He descended from the mountain peak like a hero from a myth, and the villagers cheered.
Past tense (-았/었고) connecting clauses, descriptive and slightly dramatic usage.
새로운 정책 시행으로 인해 실업률이 점차 내려올 것으로 기대했지만, 결과는 반대였다.
Although we expected unemployment rates to gradually come down with the implementation of the new policy, the result was the opposite.
Future tense nominalized (-ㄹ 것으로 기대했지만) expressing contrast, figurative use for unemployment rates.
갑작스러운 폭우로 인해 산사태가 발생하여, 인근 마을로 흙과 돌이 내려왔다.
Due to the sudden heavy rain, a landslide occurred, and soil and rocks came down to the nearby village.
Past tense, casual, describing a natural disaster's movement towards a location.
그 배우는 무대 위로 내려와 관객들과 직접 소통했다.
The actor came down onto the stage and communicated directly with the audience.
Past tense, casual, describing movement towards the audience/speaker.
하락세가 멈추지 않고 계속 내려오고 있다면, 이는 심각한 경제적 신호일 수 있다.
If the downward trend continues to come down without stopping, it could be a serious economic signal.
Present progressive (-고 있다면) expressing a hypothetical condition, figurative use for trends.
오랜 가뭄 끝에 마침내 하늘에서 단비가 내려왔다.
After a long drought, finally, a welcome rain came down from the sky.
Past tense, casual, poetic usage of '내려오다' for rain, emphasizing its arrival.
그는 높은 명성에도 불구하고 항상 겸손한 태도로 대중 속으로 내려왔다.
Despite his high reputation, he always came down among the public with a humble attitude.
Past tense, casual, metaphorical use for humility and accessibility.
이곳은 고지대에 위치해 있어, 마을로 내려오려면 험준한 산길을 통과해야 한다.
This place is located at a high altitude, so to come down to the village, one must pass through a rugged mountain path.
Purpose clause (-려면), emphasizing the challenging descent towards the village.
정치적 격변기에는 지도자들이 대중의 요구에 부응하기 위해 때로는 권좌에서 내려와야 했다.
During periods of political upheaval, leaders sometimes had to come down from their seats of power to meet the demands of the public.
Past tense nominalized (-어야 했다) expressing necessity, metaphorical use for relinquishing power.
그녀는 예술가로서의 명성을 쌓아올렸지만, 실제로는 소박한 삶을 동경하며 더 낮은 곳으로 내려오고 싶어 했다.
She built up her reputation as an artist, but in reality, she longed for a simple life and wanted to come down to a lower place.
Present progressive (-고 싶어 했다) expressing desire, metaphorical use for seeking a simpler life.
기술의 발전이 인류에게 축복으로 내려왔을 수도 있지만, 동시에 경계해야 할 위험도 안고 있다.
Technological advancements may have come down to humanity as a blessing, but at the same time, they carry dangers that must be guarded against.
Past tense nominalized (-었을 수도 있지만) expressing possibility and contrast, figurative use for the impact of technology.
그의 연설은 마치 성스러운 계시처럼 청중의 마음속으로 내려왔다.
His speech descended into the hearts of the audience like a sacred revelation.
Past tense, casual, metaphorical use for the impact of words/ideas.
경제 시스템의 붕괴는 사회 전반에 걸쳐 혼란을 야기하며, 빈곤층에게는 더욱 가혹한 현실이 내려왔다.
The collapse of the economic system caused chaos throughout society, and a harsher reality came down upon the poor.
Past tense, casual, describing the harsh impact of economic collapse on a vulnerable group.
그의 작품은 마치 고대의 지혜가 현대인의 삶 속으로 내려온 듯한 깊이를 지니고 있었다.
His work possessed a depth as if ancient wisdom had come down into the lives of modern people.
Past tense nominalized (-ㄴ 듯한) expressing a simile, metaphorical and literary use.
이 험준한 산맥을 넘어 내려오는 길은 험난했지만, 그 끝에는 우리가 찾던 평화가 있었다.
The path coming down over these rugged mountain ranges was arduous, but at its end lay the peace we sought.
Present participle (-는 길) describing the path, emphasizing the difficult descent towards a goal.
정치적 이상주의가 현실의 벽에 부딪혀 종종 좌절을 맛보며 내려앉는 것을 우리는 목도해 왔다.
We have witnessed political idealism often crashing against the wall of reality and settling down in disappointment.
Present participle (-는 것을 목도해 왔다) describing a recurring phenomenon, metaphorical use for ideals becoming grounded or diminished.
그는 수십 년간의 은둔 생활을 끝내고, 세상의 변화를 목격하기 위해 다시금 인파 속으로 내려왔다.
He ended decades of reclusion and came down once more into the crowd to witness the changes in the world.
Past tense, casual, highlighting a significant return to public life.
진정한 혁신은 위에서부터 내려오는 것이 아니라, 현장의 목소리에서 비롯되어야 한다.
True innovation should not come down from above, but rather originate from the voices on the ground.
Present participle (-는 것이 아니라) expressing contrast, metaphorical use for the origin of ideas.
그녀의 연기는 마치 영혼의 가장 깊은 곳에서부터 내려온 듯한 진정성을 담고 있었다.
Her acting contained a sincerity as if it had come down from the deepest part of the soul.
Past tense nominalized (-ㄴ 듯한) expressing simile, emphasizing profound emotional depth.
오랜 세월 동안 쌓인 먼지가 걷히고, 마침내 잊혔던 진실이 수면 위로 내려왔다.
The dust accumulated over many years was cleared, and finally, the forgotten truth came down to the surface.
Past tense, casual, metaphorical use for revealing hidden information.
인류의 오랜 염원이 마침내 현실로 내려오기를 바라며, 우리는 희망의 끈을 놓지 않았다.
Hoping that humanity's long-held desires would finally come down into reality, we did not let go of the thread of hope.
Nominalized verb (-기를 바라며) expressing hope and ongoing action, metaphorical use for aspirations becoming reality.
常见搭配
常用短语
— Come down quickly!
엄마가 밥 다 됐다고 빨리 내려오라고 했어요.
— When are you coming down?
친구가 아직 안 내려와서 '언제 내려올 거야?' 하고 물어봤어요.
— Could you come down a bit?
내가 짐을 들고 있으니, '좀 내려와 줄래?' 하고 부탁했어요.
— To come down by stairs
그녀는 조용히 계단으로 내려왔다.
— To come down by elevator
바빠서 엘리베이터를 타고 내려왔어요.
— To come down from the mountain
우리는 해가 지기 전에 산에서 내려왔다.
— Snap out of it and come down (figurative)
너무 흥분하지 말고, 정신 차리고 내려와.
— Prices are coming down
새로운 제품이 나오면서 이전 모델 가격이 내려왔어요.
— Temperature is coming down
밤이 되자 기온이 내려왔어요.
— To come down to the ground
비행기가 천천히 땅으로 내려왔어요.
容易混淆的词
This is the most common confusion. '내려오다' means to come down (towards the speaker), while '내려가다' means to go down (away from the speaker). Always consider the speaker's perspective.
'내리다' can mean to descend, but it's also used for rain, snow, or getting off a vehicle. It's more general than '내려오다' and doesn't always imply movement towards the speaker.
'떨어지다' means to fall. It focuses on the act of falling, often due to gravity, and doesn't inherently imply movement towards or away from the speaker.
习语与表达
— To come to one's senses; to snap out of it. This idiom often pairs with '내려오다' in a figurative sense.
너무 흥분했으니, 정신 차리고 내려와! (You're too excited, snap out of it and come down!) - The 'come down' here implies returning to a normal state.
Informal— To feel dispirited; to lose energy. This idiom uses '내려앉다' (to settle down/sink), which is closely related to downward movement.
시험에 떨어져서 기운이 내려앉았어요. (I failed the exam, so my spirits sank.)
Informal— Prices to fall or stabilize at a lower level. Similar to the above, '내려앉다' implies a settling down at a lower point.
최근 몇 달 동안 물가가 조금 내려앉았어요. (Prices have fallen a bit in the last few months.)
Neutral— To appear out of nowhere; to fall from the sky (unexpectedly). While not directly using '내려오다', it describes an unexpected descent.
그는 마치 하늘에서 뚝 떨어진 사람처럼 갑자기 나타났다. (He appeared suddenly, like someone who fell from the sky.)
Informal— To set foot on the ground; to become grounded. This implies coming down from a height or from an abstract state.
오랜 비행 끝에 마침내 발을 땅에 딛었어요. (After a long flight, I finally set foot on the ground.)
Neutral— To let go of one's worries; to relax completely. Similar to '정신을 차리다' but focusing on releasing mental burdens.
휴가 때는 모든 걱정을 내려놓고 쉬어야 해요. (During vacation, you should let go of all worries and rest.)
Informal— To feel disheartened or dejected; for one's heart to sink.
좋은 소식을 듣지 못해서 마음이 내려앉았어요. (I didn't hear good news, so my heart sank.)
Neutral— To come down to reality; to face reality.
환상에서 벗어나 현실로 내려와야 할 때입니다. (It's time to come down from fantasy and face reality.)
Neutral— To step down from a position of power.
그는 오랜 통치 끝에 결국 권좌에서 내려왔다. (After a long reign, he eventually stepped down from his position of power.)
Formal— To come down slowly. This is a descriptive phrase rather than an idiom, but commonly used.
아이들은 천천히 계단을 내려왔어요. (The children came down the stairs slowly.)
Neutral容易混淆
Both verbs describe downward movement.
The key difference lies in directionality relative to the speaker. '내려오다' is 'to come down' (towards the speaker), while '내려가다' is 'to go down' (away from the speaker). Imagine standing at the bottom of a hill: someone coming towards you is '내려오다', someone walking away from you down the hill is '내려가다'.
제가 3층에서 <strong>내려갈게요</strong>. (I will go down from the 3rd floor.) vs. 네가 2층에서 <strong>내려와</strong>. (You come down from the 2nd floor.)
Both verbs relate to downward motion.
'내리다' is a broader term. It can mean to descend, but it's the standard verb for rain/snow falling (비가 <strong>내려요</strong>) and for getting off a vehicle (버스에서 <strong>내렸어요</strong>). While it can sometimes substitute for '내려오다' or '내려가다' in general descent, '내려오다' specifically emphasizes the 'coming towards' aspect.
비가 <strong>내려요</strong>. (It's raining - '내리다' is natural). 친구가 2층에서 <strong>내려왔어요</strong>. (My friend came down from the 2nd floor - '내려오다' is more specific to the approach.)
Both describe things moving downwards.
'떨어지다' means 'to fall'. It's often used for objects falling due to gravity (사과가 <strong>떨어졌어요</strong> - The apple fell) or for people falling (넘어져서 <strong>떨어졌어요</strong> - I fell down). It doesn't have the directional component towards or away from the speaker like '내려오다' or '내려가다'.
공이 바닥에 <strong>떨어졌어요</strong>. (The ball fell on the floor.) - Here, '내려오다' wouldn't fit.
Both mean to descend.
'하강하다' is a formal, Sino-Korean word. It's used in contexts like airplanes descending (비행기가 <strong>하강하다</strong>) or stock prices falling sharply (주가가 <strong>하강하다</strong>). '내려오다' is a native Korean verb used for everyday, personal downward movement towards the speaker.
주가가 <strong>하강했어요</strong>. (Stock prices fell - formal). 아이가 계단에서 <strong>내려왔어요</strong>. (The child came down the stairs - everyday, personal.)
It's the opposite direction of movement.
'올라오다' means 'to come up' towards the speaker. It's the direct opposite of '내려오다'. If something is moving downwards towards you, it's '내려오다'. If it's moving upwards towards you, it's '올라오다'.
친구가 <strong>올라와요</strong>. (My friend is coming up.) vs. 친구가 <strong>내려와요</strong>. (My friend is coming down.)
句型
Subject + <strong>내려와요</strong>.
아기가 <strong>내려와요</strong>.
Location + <strong>내려와</strong>!
계단으로 <strong>내려와</strong>!
Subject + Location + <strong>내려왔어요</strong>.
친구가 2층에서 <strong>내려왔어요</strong>.
When + Subject + <strong>내려올 거예요</strong>?
언제 <strong>내려올 거예요</strong>?
Location + <strong>내려오면서</strong> + Action.
산에서 <strong>내려오면서</strong> 노래를 불렀어요.
Figurative Subject + <strong>내려왔다</strong>.
기온이 <strong>내려왔다</strong>.
Subject + Location + <strong>내려오기를</strong> + Verb.
모두가 그가 <strong>내려오기를</strong> 기다렸다.
Metaphorical Subject + <strong>내려왔다</strong>.
그의 말은 희망처럼 <strong>내려왔다</strong>.
词族
动词
相关
如何使用
High
-
Using '내려가다' when '내려오다' is needed.
→
Using '내려오다' when '내려가다' is needed.
The fundamental error is confusing the direction relative to the speaker. If the movement is towards the speaker, '내려오다' is correct. If it's away, '내려가다' is correct. Forgetting this distinction leads to unnatural sentences.
-
Using '내리다' in place of '내려오다' when the 'towards speaker' nuance is important.
→
Using '내려오다' when the approach is key.
'내리다' is broader and often used for weather or getting off transport. While it can mean descend, '내려오다' specifically adds the element of 'coming towards' the speaker, which '내리다' might lack.
-
Incorrect conjugation, e.g., '내려오어요' instead of '내려와요'.
→
Correct conjugation following vowel harmony rules.
Verbs ending in '-오다' have specific conjugation patterns. The '오' combines with the following vowel to create a new sound, like '와' in '내려와요', not '오어요'.
-
Confusing the subject's location with the speaker's location.
→
Accurately identifying the speaker's reference point.
Learners might incorrectly assume the speaker is always at the destination. The verb '내려오다' implies the speaker is at the lower point towards which the action is directed.
-
Using '내려오다' for accidental falls.
→
Using '떨어지다' for accidental falls.
'내려오다' implies a more controlled or intentional movement towards the speaker. For something falling accidentally, like an object dropping, '떨어지다' is the appropriate verb.
小贴士
Speaker's Perspective is Key
Always consider where the speaker is in relation to the action. If the downward movement is towards the speaker, use 내려오다. If it's away from the speaker, use 내려가다.
Beyond Physical Movement
내려오다 can be used metaphorically for things like prices, temperatures, or spirits decreasing. This usage implies a movement towards a lower, more accessible, or less intense state.
Pairs with Location Particles
This verb is often used with location particles like '에서' (from) to indicate the starting point of the descent, and '으로/로' (to) to indicate the destination. For example, '집에서 내려왔어요.' (I came down from home.)
Understanding '-오다' Conjugation
Remember that verbs ending in '-오다' often change the '오' to '와' when adding vowel endings like -아/어요. So, 내려오다 becomes 내려와요, not 내려오어요.
내려오다 vs. 내려가다
The easiest way to remember the difference is: '내려오다' = 'come down' (towards me), '내려가다' = 'go down' (away from me).
Listen for It in Daily Life
Pay attention when you hear native speakers talking about moving between floors, descending from heights, or even when discussing weather or prices. You'll hear 내려오다 frequently.
Create Your Own Sentences
Try writing sentences describing yourself or others coming down from different places. This active practice will solidify your understanding.
Consider the Situation
The choice between 내려오다 and similar verbs depends heavily on the specific context, the speaker's perspective, and the formality of the situation.
Learn Neighboring Verbs
Understanding verbs like '올라오다' (come up), '올라가다' (go up), and '내리다' (descend/get off) will provide a more complete picture of Korean directional verbs.
Focus on the '와' Sound
Practice the conjugation '내려와요' to ensure you correctly pronounce the '와' sound that results from the '오' + vowel ending combination.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine you are standing at the bottom of a slide, and your friend is at the top. Your friend is about to slide down *to you*. So, they are '내려오다' (coming down to you). The '오다' (oda) part reminds you of 'Oh, come here!'
视觉联想
Picture a bird flying down from a high branch towards your outstretched hand. The bird is '내려오다'. The '오' in 내려오다 sounds like the 'Oh!' you might exclaim as the bird approaches.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe three different scenarios where someone or something is coming down towards you. Use the verb 내려오다 in each description.
词源
The verb 내려오다 is a compound verb formed by combining the verb stem '내리-' (from '내리다', meaning to go down, descend) with the verb '오다' (to come). The particle '오-' is a connective form.
原始含义： The literal meaning is 'to descend and come'. The '내리-' part signifies downward movement, and '오다' signifies movement towards the speaker or a reference point.
Koreanic文化背景
When addressing elders or superiors, using honorifics with 내려오다 (e.g., 내려오셨어요) is crucial for showing respect. The verb itself is neutral, but its application requires awareness of social hierarchy.
In English, we often use 'come down' which is a direct equivalent. However, English also uses 'go down' more broadly, and the distinction between 'coming' and 'going' depends heavily on the speaker's perspective, just like in Korean.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Asking someone to come down from their room.
- 방에서 <strong>내려와</strong>.
- 언제 <strong>내려올 거야</strong>?
- 빨리 <strong>내려와</strong> 줘.
Describing movement in a building.
- 엘리베이터가 <strong>내려와요</strong>.
- 계단으로 <strong>내려왔어요</strong>.
- 1층으로 <strong>내려오세요</strong>.
Talking about weather.
- 비가 <strong>내려요</strong>.
- 눈이 <strong>내려올 거예요</strong>.
Figurative use for prices or temperature.
- 가격이 <strong>내려왔어요</strong>.
- 기온이 <strong>내려왔으면</strong> 좋겠어요.
Describing movement in nature.
- 산에서 <strong>내려왔어요</strong>.
- 새가 나무에서 <strong>내려왔다</strong>.
对话开场白
"Where are you coming down from?"
"When do you think the temperature will come down?"
"Did you see the bird coming down from the tree?"
"Can you come down here for a moment?"
"I hope the prices of these items come down soon."
日记主题
Describe a time you had to come down from a high place. Where were you, and why did you need to come down?
Think about a situation where you asked someone to come down to you. What was the context, and what did you say?
Imagine you are a bird. Describe your morning as you come down from your nest to find food.
How do you feel when the temperature comes down in autumn? What activities do you enjoy?
Write a short story where a character needs to come down from a magical place to help someone in the real world.
常见问题
10 个问题The main difference is directionality relative to the speaker. '내려오다' means to come down towards the speaker or a reference point that is considered 'here'. '내려가다' means to go down away from the speaker or towards a place considered 'there'. Think of it as 'come down' vs. 'go down'.
While '내리다' is more commonly used for rain and snow (비가 내려요), '내려오다' can be used figuratively for things like temperature or prices coming down, implying they are decreasing towards a lower, more accessible point. For example, '기온이 내려왔어요.' (The temperature came down.)
It conjugates like most Korean verbs. The base form is 내려오다. In polite informal speech, it becomes 내려와요 (present), 내려왔어요 (past), and 내려올 거예요 (future). In casual speech, it can be 내려와 (present imperative).
Yes, the formal polite form is 내려옵니다. If you are showing respect to the person coming down, you would use the honorific form: 내려오셨어요.
'내려오다' implies a controlled movement towards the speaker, often with intention. '떨어지다' means to fall, often due to gravity or accident, and doesn't necessarily imply movement towards the speaker or away from them. If a book falls off a shelf, it '떨어졌어요'. If your friend is coming down the stairs to meet you, they are '내려왔어요'.
The '오다' (to come) part is crucial. It signifies that the downward movement is directed towards the speaker's location or a point that the speaker is associated with. It adds a sense of approach or arrival.
Yes, it can be used figuratively. For example, 'prices are coming down' (가격이 내려왔어요) or 'the temperature came down' (기온이 내려왔어요). It implies a decrease towards a lower, more manageable level.
'내리다' is a more general verb for descending, often used for weather (rain, snow) or getting off transportation. '내려오다' specifically implies coming down *towards* the speaker. While they share a root, '내려오다' has a more precise directional meaning in relation to the speaker.
You can say '내려와 주세요' (informal request) or '내려오세요' (polite command/invitation). If you want to be more formal, you might say '내려오시기 바랍니다' (please come down - very formal).
If you are on the 3rd floor and moving towards the 1st floor, and the person you are speaking to is also on the 3rd floor or higher, you would use '내려가다' (to go down). For example, '제가 1층으로 내려갈게요.' (I will go down to the 1st floor.) If the person you are speaking to is on the 1st floor, and you are going down to them, you are still '내려가다' because you are moving away from your current higher position.
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
내려오다 specifically means 'to come down' towards the speaker or a reference point, emphasizing approach. It's crucial for describing movement in relation to one's own position.
- To come down (towards speaker).
- Movement from high to low, approaching.
- Contrast with '내려가다' (go down away).
- Used for people, objects, prices, weather.
Speaker's Perspective is Key
Always consider where the speaker is in relation to the action. If the downward movement is towards the speaker, use 내려오다. If it's away from the speaker, use 내려가다.
Beyond Physical Movement
내려오다 can be used metaphorically for things like prices, temperatures, or spirits decreasing. This usage implies a movement towards a lower, more accessible, or less intense state.
Pairs with Location Particles
This verb is often used with location particles like '에서' (from) to indicate the starting point of the descent, and '으로/로' (to) to indicate the destination. For example, '집에서 내려왔어요.' (I came down from home.)
Understanding '-오다' Conjugation
Remember that verbs ending in '-오다' often change the '오' to '와' when adding vowel endings like -아/어요. So, 내려오다 becomes 내려와요, not 내려오어요.
例句
친구가 위층에서 아래로 내려왔어요.
相关内容
这个词在其他语言中
更多travel词汇
숙소
B1一个人短期居住的地方，如酒店、旅馆或招待所。'我们已经预订了住宿。'
어댑터
A2A device for connecting parts of different sizes or types.
입장료
A1韩语单词“입장료”（ipjangryo）的意思是“入场费”或“门票价格”。它是进入博物馆、公园、剧院或参加活动时需要支付的费用。 这个词对于了解韩国的旅游和外出活动费用至关重要。
~후에
A2表示一个动作在另一个动作之后发生。可与名词或动词连用。
~ㄴ/은 후에
A2表示在另一个动作或事件之后发生的动作；在……之后。
은/는 후에
A2表示一个动作在另一个动作之后发生，意思是“做完……之后”。例如：吃饭后睡觉。
비행기
A1Airplane; a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings.
공항
A1飞机起降的地方。设有供乘客候机、办理登机手续和通过安检的航站楼，是通往其他城市或国家的门户。
공항버스
A2机场巴士非常准时。我坐机场巴士去仁川机场。
통로
A2通路或走道，指座位或货架之间的狭窄空间。例如：'请保持通道畅通'。
