A1 · 入门 章节 11

Asking and Answering Questions

4 总规则
39 例句
6 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power of conversation by mastering negation, questioning, and descriptive adjectives in Portuguese.

  • Transform positive statements into negative ones using 'não'.
  • Ask questions simply by adjusting your vocal intonation.
  • Identify the correct placement of adjectives after nouns.
Ask, negate, and describe with confidence!

你将学到什么

Hey friend! Ready to make your conversations way more engaging? This chapter is exactly what you need. You've learned plenty of words and sentences so far, but how do you ask questions or say 'no'? Or, for example, how do you say 'blue car'? Here, you'll discover how incredibly easy it is to make a sentence negative. Just place the word 'não' before your verb, and you're done! Now you can say things like "I don't eat." Next, we'll dive into asking questions. Can you believe that for 'yes/no' questions in Portuguese, all you have to do is change your intonation? Yes, you heard that right! You say the sentence exactly as it is, just raise your voice at the end. It's super cool! Now, what if you want to ask 'What?', 'Who?', or 'Where?' Don't worry, we'll learn that too. You'll start with the question word, add the verb, and then throw in a nice 'é que' to sound like a native. For instance, if you're at a restaurant and want to ask What is that? or get directions from someone

Where should I go?
, all of this will be smooth sailing with these rules. And finally, we'll learn where to put adjectives. In English, we say 'blue car,' but in Portuguese, most of the time, you need to put the noun first, then the adjective. Like 'carro azul.' So, after this chapter, you'll be able to ask and answer questions in Portuguese, use negation, and make your descriptions much more precise. Ready for a real conversation? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: create negative sentences, ask basic questions, and describe objects using adjectives.

章节指南

Overview

Welcome to a crucial chapter in your Portuguese grammar A1 journey! You've mastered basic sentences, but true conversation starts with asking and answering questions. This guide will unlock your ability to interact more naturally, moving beyond simple statements to engaging dialogues.
We'll explore how to effortlessly turn a statement into a question, express negation, and make your descriptions vibrant. Understanding these foundational elements is key to progressing through the CEFR levels, especially at the A1 Portuguese stage, where practical communication is paramount. By the end of this chapter, you'll be confidently using negation in Portuguese, asking for information, and correctly placing adjectives in Portuguese to sound more like a native speaker.
Get ready to transform your understanding and start real conversations!
This chapter is designed to make complex-sounding rules incredibly simple. We'll show you how easy it is to say no or "I don't" in Portuguese, often with just one little word. You'll also discover the magic of intonation for asking simple yes/no questions – it's a game-changer!
Furthermore, we'll equip you with essential question words like who, what, and where, and clarify one of the most common challenges for English speakers: adjective placement. These building blocks are essential for anyone learning Portuguese grammar and will significantly boost your conversational fluency right from the start.

How This Grammar Works

Let's dive into the practical side of Portuguese grammar A1 with these essential communication tools. First, Saying 'No': Negation in Portuguese (Não) couldn't be simpler. To make any sentence negative, you just place the word não (no/not) directly *before* the verb.
For example, if you want to say I eat, which is Eu como (I eat), to say "I don't eat," it becomes Eu não como (I don't eat). It’s that straightforward! Another example: Ela fala (She speaks) becomes Ela não fala (She doesn't speak).
Next, for Yes/No Questions: The Intonation Rule, prepare to be amazed by its simplicity. Unlike English, which often uses auxiliary verbs like do or are for questions, Portuguese mostly relies on your voice. You say the statement exactly as it is, but raise your pitch at the end to indicate it’s a question.
For instance, Você fala português (You speak Portuguese) becomes a question just by saying Você fala português? (Do you speak Portuguese?) with a rising intonation. Similarly, Ele é estudante (He is a student) becomes Ele é estudante? (Is he a student?) by simply changing your tone.
When it comes to Asking Questions: Who, What, Where (Interrogatives), you'll learn key question words. The most common ones for beginners are Quem? (Who?), O quê? (What?), and Onde? (Where?). Often, to make these questions sound more natural and conversational, especially in Brazilian Portuguese, you'll hear them combined with é que.
For example:
* Quem é? (Who is it?) or more commonly, Quem é que é? (Who is it?).
* O quê é isso? (What is that?) or O que é que é isso? (What is that?).
* Onde é? (Where is it?) or Onde é que é? (Where is it?).
Remember, the é que construction is common and helps structure the question smoothly, though it's not strictly mandatory for all question words.
Finally, let's look at Where to Put Adjectives: Noun First! (carro azul). This is a common point of confusion for English speakers.
In Portuguese, adjectives generally come *after* the noun they describe. So, while in English you say blue car, in Portuguese, it's carro azul (car blue). Another example: big house is casa grande (house big).
This pattern is crucial for correct adjective placement Portuguese and will make your descriptions much clearer.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Eu como não.
    (I eat not.)
✓ Correct:
Eu não como.
(I don't eat.)
*Explanation:* In Portuguese, the negation word não almost always comes directly *before* the verb. Placing it after the verb is incorrect.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Eu tenho azul carro.
    (I have blue car.)
✓ Correct:
Eu tenho um carro azul.
(I have a blue car.)
*Explanation:* Adjectives in Portuguese typically follow the noun they describe. Remember the pattern: Noun + Adjective. Also, don't forget the article (um/uma) if referring to a car.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Você faz fala português?
    (You do speak Portuguese?)
✓ Correct:
Você fala português?
(Do you speak Portuguese?)
*Explanation:* For simple yes/no questions, Portuguese does not use an auxiliary verb like do or are. You simply use the statement form with a rising intonation at the end.

Real Conversations

A

A

Você fala inglês? (Do you speak English?)
B

B

Não, eu não falo inglês. Eu falo português. (No, I don't speak English. I speak Portuguese.)
A

A

Onde é que é o banheiro? (Where is the bathroom?)
B

B

O banheiro é ali, à direita. (The bathroom is there, on the right.)
A

A

Você tem um carro novo? (Do you have a new car?)
B

B

Sim, eu tenho um carro novo e grande. (Yes, I have a new and big car.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do you form negative sentences in Portuguese?

Simply place the word não directly before the verb in the sentence. For example, Eu não gosto (I don't like).

Q

Do Portuguese yes/no questions use a special word?

No, for most A1-level yes/no questions, you just use the statement form of the sentence and indicate it's a question by raising your intonation at the end.

Q

Where do adjectives go in Portuguese sentences?

In Portuguese, adjectives generally come *after* the noun they describe. For example, livro interessante (interesting book).

Q

What are some basic question words in Portuguese for A1 learners?

Essential question words include Quem? (Who?), O quê? (What?), and Onde? (Where?). You'll often hear them with é que for a more natural flow.

Cultural Context

In Brazil, the use of é que with interrogatives like Onde é que é? is very common and sounds natural in everyday speech. While not strictly necessary, employing it will make your questions sound more authentic. Intonation for yes/no questions is crucial; a flat tone might be misinterpreted as a statement.
Brazilians also tend to be very expressive with their intonation, so don't be afraid to exaggerate a little when asking questions! For adjective placement, while the noun-adjective order is the rule, some common or emphasized adjectives can occasionally precede the noun, but stick to noun-adjective for now at A1.

关键例句 (6)

1

Eu não falo português.

我不会说葡萄牙语。

说“不”：葡萄牙语中的否定 (Não)
2

Ela não gosta de pizza.

她不喜欢比萨。

说“不”：葡萄牙语中的否定 (Não)
3

Onde é que fica o metrô mais próximo?

最近的地铁站在哪里？

提问：谁、什么、哪里（疑问词）
4

Com quem you vai sair hoje à noite?

今晚你和谁一起出去？

提问：谁、什么、哪里（疑问词）
5

Eu tenho um carro vermelho.

I have a red car.

形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)
6

Ela é uma amiga boa.

She is a good friend.

形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)

技巧与窍门 (4)

💡

简单的秘密

不用像英语那样去找 'do' 或 'does'。直接用 não，动词保持原样即可。
Eu não como carne.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 说“不”：葡萄牙语中的否定 (Não)
🎯

语调就是一切

因为单词顺序没变，你的语调必须在句尾上扬。如果语气平平，别人会以为你在陈述事实，而不是在提问。比如：
Você fala inglês?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 是非问句：语调规则
🎯

地道口头禅 'É que'

在任何疑问词后面加上 é que，你的葡语听起来会更有节奏感，瞬间像个老外！比如：
Onde é que você mora?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 提问：谁、什么、哪里（疑问词）
💡

Check the article

If you see 'o', the noun is masculine. If you see 'a', it's feminine. Use this to match your adjective.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)

核心词汇 (6)

não no/not o quê what quem who onde where azul blue carro car

Real-World Preview

map

Asking for Directions

Review Summary

  • Subject + NÃO + Verb
  • Statement + ?
  • Interrogative + Verb + (é que) + Subject
  • Noun + Adjective

常见错误

In Portuguese, the negative marker 'não' must precede the verb, not follow it.

Wrong: Eu como maçã não.
正确: Eu não como maçã.

Adjectives in Portuguese almost always come after the noun they modify.

Wrong: Azul carro.
正确: Carro azul.

While 'é que' is used for emphasis, using it twice in one question is redundant.

Wrong: Onde é que é o carro?
正确: Onde é o carro?

Next Steps

You've done an amazing job! You're truly starting to speak like a native. Keep going!

Describe your room to a friend

Continue to: Describing and Comparing Things

快速练习 (9)

填空说出“她不想要咖啡”。

Ela ___ quer café.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: não
要否定一个简单的动作，在动词前使用 não。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 说“不”：葡萄牙语中的否定 (Não)

找出并修正错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

Nós comemos não carne.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nós não comemos carne.
否定词 não 必须放在动词 comemos 之前，而不是之后。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 说“不”：葡萄牙语中的否定 (Não)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: O carro azul
Noun-Adjective order.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)

Fill in the blank with the correct adjective form.

A casa é ___ (bonito).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: bonita
Casa is feminine singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)

Fill in the blank.

Ela tem olhos ___ (castanho).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: castanhos
Plural masculine agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)

Fix the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Os carros é bonito.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Os carros são bonitos
Plural agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)

Choose the correct adjective.

Eles são ___ (brasileiro).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: brasileiros
Plural masculine agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 形容词位置：名词优先！ (`carro azul`)

找出这个句子翻译中的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

英语：'Do you want water?' -> 葡萄牙语：'Faz você querer água?'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Você quer água?
千万不要把助动词 'Do' 翻译成 'Faz'。直接用主语和动词即可。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 是非问句：语调规则

完成这个附加疑问句。

Você é brasileiro, ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: né
'Né' 是 'não é' 的缩写，用来询问“对吧？”或“是不是？”。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 是非问句：语调规则

Score: /9

常见问题 (6)

不会，não 是一个副词，它是固定不变的。它没有性（男/女）或数（单数/复数）的变化。
可以！não 可以作为一个独立的回答，意思是“不”。比如： Você quer café? - Não, obrigado.
在巴西口语中极少这样做。虽然正式写作或欧洲葡语有时会说 'Tem você...?'，但对初学者来说，Você tem...? 永远是最安全且正确的。
最自然的方式是重复主动词。比如问：
Você **fala** inglês?
，回答：«**Falo**.» (我说)。只说 'Sim' 也可以，但听起来有点生硬。
可以，但通常只有后面紧跟名词时才行，比如
Que horas são?
。如果是接动词，请用 O que。
语气会变成惊讶。比如
Você fez o quê?!
（你做了什么？！），而且 e 上面要加重音符。
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