hereditário 30秒了解
- Hereditary: Passed down through genes from parents to children.
- Describes traits, diseases, or predispositions.
- Used in medical, scientific, and family history contexts.
- Requires gender and number agreement in Portuguese.
The Portuguese word hereditário is an adjective that translates to 'hereditary' in English. It describes something that is passed down from parents to their offspring through genes. This can apply to physical traits, diseases, or even certain predispositions. When we talk about genetics or family history, hereditário is the key term. For example, if a certain eye color runs in a family, it is considered hereditário. Similarly, if a medical condition like diabetes or a specific type of cancer is common among relatives, it's often described as having a hereditário component.
- Usage Context
- Primarily used in discussions related to biology, medicine, genetics, and family history. It's a formal or semi-formal term.
- Example Scenario
- A doctor explaining to a patient about a family history of heart disease would use the term hereditário to describe the increased risk.
A predisposição para certas doenças pode ser hereditário.
Understanding hereditário is crucial when discussing inherited traits and genetic conditions. It's a scientific and somewhat formal term, so you'll encounter it most often in academic texts, medical reports, and serious discussions about family lineage. It’s not a word typically used in casual everyday chat about simple preferences, but rather for biological and genetic factors. For instance, someone might say 'a tendência para a calvície é hereditário' (the tendency for baldness is hereditary) or 'a cor dos olhos é um traço hereditário' (eye color is a hereditary trait). It’s important to distinguish it from traits that are acquired or learned, as hereditário specifically refers to genetic inheritance.
Using hereditário correctly involves placing it after the noun it modifies, as it's an adjective. It agrees in gender and number with the noun. For instance, if you're talking about a 'disease' (doença, feminine singular), you'd say 'doença hereditária'. If you're talking about 'traits' (traços, masculine plural), you'd say 'traços hereditários'. The word is very common in medical and scientific contexts. For example, in a discussion about genetic disorders, a sentence might be: 'A fibrose cística é uma condição hereditária grave.' (Cystic fibrosis is a serious hereditary condition.)
- Sentence Structure
- Noun + hereditário (or its feminine/plural forms).
- Gender and Number Agreement
- hereditário (masculine singular), hereditária (feminine singular), hereditários (masculine plural), hereditárias (feminine plural).
A cor dos olhos é um traço hereditário.
In more complex sentences, it can be used to describe a predisposition or risk factor. For instance: 'Existe um risco hereditário aumentado para certos tipos de cancro na sua família.' (There is an increased hereditary risk for certain types of cancer in your family.) When discussing animals or plants, it's also applicable: 'Esta raça de cães é conhecida por ter certas características hereditárias.' (This dog breed is known for having certain hereditary characteristics.) The key is that the trait or condition originates from the parents' genes.
You'll most frequently encounter hereditário in formal and semi-formal settings, particularly in discussions about health, science, and family. Doctors often use it when discussing a patient's medical history and potential genetic predispositions. For example, a doctor might say: 'A sua condição pode ter um componente hereditário, por isso vamos analisar o histórico familiar.' (Your condition may have a hereditary component, so we will analyze your family history.) This is a very common phrase in medical consultations.
- Medical Consultations
- Doctors and genetic counselors use hereditário when explaining inherited conditions or risks.
- Scientific Literature
- Research papers, textbooks, and articles on genetics, biology, and medicine frequently use hereditário.
O estudo de doenças hereditárias é fundamental para a medicina moderna.
Beyond medicine, you might hear it in documentaries about nature, discussing animal breeding or specific species' traits. For instance, a nature documentary might state: 'A cor da pelagem deste animal é hereditária.' (This animal's coat color is hereditary.) Educational programs discussing family trees or anthropology might also use the term. In essence, any context that delves into the transmission of traits or characteristics from one generation to the next via genetics is a likely place to hear hereditário. It’s not a word you’d typically hear in casual conversation about, say, your favorite color unless you were specifically discussing why your family all likes the same color due to some unproven genetic link!
A common mistake for learners is the incorrect gender and number agreement with the noun. Remember, hereditário must match the noun it describes. For example, saying 'doença hereditário' is incorrect; it should be 'doença hereditária' because 'doença' is feminine. Similarly, for plural nouns like 'traços' (traits), it should be 'traços hereditários' (masculine plural) or 'características hereditárias' (feminine plural).
- Agreement Errors
- Forgetting to change hereditário to hereditária, hereditários, or hereditárias based on the noun's gender and number.
- Misunderstanding the Scope
- Using hereditário for traits that are acquired or learned, rather than genetically passed down.
Incorrect: A condição é hereditário. Correct: A condição é hereditária.
Another potential pitfall is using hereditário in informal contexts where it sounds too clinical or out of place. While it's a precise term, it's not typically used for everyday characteristics unless there's a specific discussion about genetics. For instance, saying 'O meu gosto por chocolate é hereditário' might sound odd unless you're joking about a strong family tradition of chocolate lovers. It's better reserved for biological and genetic contexts. Learners might also confuse it with words that mean 'inherited' in a broader sense, like 'herdado', but hereditário specifically emphasizes the genetic, familial transmission.
While hereditário is quite specific, there are related terms. The most direct synonym in many contexts is herdado, which means 'inherited'. However, hereditário often implies a more inherent, genetic, or familial characteristic, whereas herdado can sometimes be used more broadly for anything passed down, even non-genetically in some figurative senses. For instance, 'um bem herdado' (an inherited good/asset) doesn't necessarily mean it's genetic.
- Hereditário vs. Herdado
- Hereditário specifically refers to genetic transmission from parents. Herdado means 'inherited' and can be broader, including non-genetic inheritance (e.g., of property).
- Congénito (Congenital)
- This word means 'congenital', referring to conditions present at birth. While many congenital conditions are hereditárias, not all are. Some congenital conditions can be caused by environmental factors during pregnancy.
Uma característica hereditária é também frequentemente herdada pelos filhos.
Another related concept is 'genético' (genetic), which is an adjective describing anything related to genes. While hereditário implies something genetically passed down, 'genético' is a broader term that can refer to anything concerning genes, whether inherited or not. For example, 'análise genética' (genetic analysis) or 'doença genética' (genetic disease). A genetic disease can be hereditary, but the term 'genético' itself is more encompassing. In summary, hereditário is best used for traits or conditions directly passed through genes from parents to offspring, while herdado is a more general term for inheritance, and congénito refers to being present at birth.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The concept of hereditary succession was crucial in Roman law, where 'haereditas' referred not only to the inheritance of property but also to the succession of legal rights and obligations. This legal foundation influenced the development of the word's meaning.
发音指南
- Misplacing stress.
- Pronouncing the 't' too hard instead of a soft 'd' sound.
- Not reducing the final vowel sound properly.
难度评级
At CEFR A2 level, understanding 'hereditário' is generally straightforward when used in clear contexts like 'doença hereditária' or 'traço hereditário'. More complex sentences involving scientific terminology or abstract concepts might push it towards B1.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Adjective Agreement (Gender and Number)
A predisposição (feminine singular) é hereditária. Os traços (masculine plural) são hereditários.
Use of 'ser' with adjectives denoting characteristics.
A cor dos olhos é hereditária. (Eye color is hereditary.)
Use of 'ter' to indicate possession or presence of a factor.
Ela tem um componente hereditário na sua doença. (She has a hereditary component in her illness.)
Distinction between 'hereditário' (adjective) and 'hereditariedade' (noun).
A hereditariedade é um campo complexo. (Heredity is a complex field.)
Comparison with 'adquirido' (acquired).
Diferente de uma doença adquirida, esta é hereditária. (Unlike an acquired disease, this one is hereditary.)
按水平分级的例句
A cor dos olhos é hereditária.
Eye color is hereditary.
The adjective 'hereditária' agrees in gender (feminine) with the noun 'cor' (color).
Isso é hereditário na minha família.
This is hereditary in my family.
The adjective 'hereditário' is used here in its masculine singular form, agreeing with an implied masculine noun like 'traço' (trait) or 'fator' (factor).
A doença pode ser hereditária.
The disease can be hereditary.
'Doença' (disease) is feminine, so the adjective is 'hereditária'.
Certas características são hereditárias.
Certain characteristics are hereditary.
'Características' (characteristics) is feminine plural, so the adjective is 'hereditárias'.
Ele tem um traço hereditário.
He has a hereditary trait.
'Traço' (trait) is masculine singular, so the adjective is 'hereditário'.
Não é algo adquirido, é hereditário.
It's not something acquired, it's hereditary.
Contrasting 'adquirido' (acquired) with 'hereditário' (hereditary).
A predisposição é hereditária.
The predisposition is hereditary.
'Predisposição' (predisposition) is feminine singular, so the adjective is 'hereditária'.
Este padrão é hereditário.
This pattern is hereditary.
The masculine singular 'hereditário' agrees with the implied masculine noun 'padrão' (pattern).
A calvície masculina tem um componente hereditário forte.
Male pattern baldness has a strong hereditary component.
'Componente' is masculine singular, hence 'hereditário'.
Muitas doenças genéticas são hereditárias.
Many genetic diseases are hereditary.
'Doenças' (diseases) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
Ele herdou a inteligência dos pais, é algo hereditário.
He inherited his intelligence from his parents, it's something hereditary.
Using 'herdado' (inherited) and then clarifying with 'hereditário' (hereditary).
A cor dos olhos do bebê é definitivamente hereditária.
The baby's eye color is definitely hereditary.
'Cor' (color) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
Existe uma tendência hereditária para alergias nesta família.
There is a hereditary tendency for allergies in this family.
'Tendência' (tendency) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
Este tipo de cancro pode ter uma origem hereditária.
This type of cancer can have a hereditary origin.
'Origem' (origin) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
A sensibilidade a certos alimentos é, por vezes, hereditária.
Sensitivity to certain foods is, at times, hereditary.
'Sensibilidade' (sensitivity) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
Os cães desta raça pura exibem características hereditárias notáveis.
Dogs of this pure breed exhibit notable hereditary characteristics.
'Características' (characteristics) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
Os cientistas estão a investigar a base hereditária de comportamentos complexos.
Scientists are investigating the hereditary basis of complex behaviors.
'Base' (basis) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
A predisposição para a obesidade é um fator hereditário significativo em algumas populações.
The predisposition to obesity is a significant hereditary factor in some populations.
'Fator' (factor) is masculine singular, hence 'hereditário'.
É importante distinguir entre doenças hereditárias e doenças infecciosas.
It is important to distinguish between hereditary diseases and infectious diseases.
'Doenças' (diseases) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
O estudo de anomalias hereditárias é crucial para o diagnóstico precoce.
The study of hereditary anomalies is crucial for early diagnosis.
'Anomalias' (anomalies) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A transmissão de talentos artísticos pode ter um componente hereditário.
The transmission of artistic talents may have a hereditary component.
'Componente' (component) is masculine singular, hence 'hereditário'.
Alguns problemas de visão são de natureza hereditária e requerem acompanhamento médico.
Some vision problems are hereditary in nature and require medical follow-up.
'Natureza' (nature) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
A investigação genética procura identificar os genes responsáveis por condições hereditárias.
Genetic research seeks to identify the genes responsible for hereditary conditions.
'Condições' (conditions) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A resistência a certos pesticidas em insetos pode ser hereditária.
Resistance to certain pesticides in insects can be hereditary.
'Resistência' (resistance) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
A complexidade das interações genéticas subjacentes a doenças hereditárias continua a ser um desafio para a investigação.
The complexity of genetic interactions underlying hereditary diseases continues to be a challenge for research.
'Doenças' (diseases) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
O aconselhamento genético é fundamental para famílias com histórico de doenças hereditárias raras.
Genetic counseling is fundamental for families with a history of rare hereditary diseases.
'Doenças' (diseases) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A análise do genoma permitiu identificar marcadores para predisposições hereditárias a várias patologias.
Genome analysis has allowed the identification of markers for hereditary predispositions to various pathologies.
'Predisposições' (predispositions) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A seleção artificial em agricultura visa reforçar características hereditárias desejáveis em plantas.
Artificial selection in agriculture aims to reinforce desirable hereditary characteristics in plants.
'Características' (characteristics) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A compreensão dos mecanismos de transmissão hereditária é essencial para a medicina preventiva.
Understanding the mechanisms of hereditary transmission is essential for preventive medicine.
'Transmissão' (transmission) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
O estudo comparativo de espécies revela padrões de evolução e adaptação com bases hereditárias.
The comparative study of species reveals patterns of evolution and adaptation with hereditary bases.
'Bases' (bases) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A plasticidade fenotípica pode modular a expressão de genes hereditários em resposta ao ambiente.
Phenotypic plasticity can modulate the expression of hereditary genes in response to the environment.
'Genes' is masculine plural, but 'hereditários' modifies the implicit concept of their nature, often used in this context as 'genes hereditários'.
A identificação de mutações específicas associadas a síndromes hereditárias tem implicações terapêuticas significativas.
The identification of specific mutations associated with hereditary syndromes has significant therapeutic implications.
'Síndromes' (syndromes) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A epigenética desafia a noção de determinismo genético estrito, sugerindo que modificações hereditárias podem ocorrer sem alterar a sequência de ADN.
Epigenetics challenges the notion of strict genetic determinism, suggesting that heritable modifications can occur without altering the DNA sequence.
'Modificações' (modifications) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A pesquisa sobre a etiopatogenia de doenças neurodegenerativas foca-se cada vez mais em fatores de risco hereditários e ambientais.
Research into the etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases increasingly focuses on hereditary and environmental risk factors.
'Fatores' (factors) is masculine plural, hence 'hereditários'.
A compreensão da arquitetura genómica e da sua variabilidade é fundamental para desvendar a origem de características hereditárias complexas.
Understanding genomic architecture and its variability is fundamental to unraveling the origin of complex hereditary characteristics.
'Características' (characteristics) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
O desenvolvimento de terapias génicas visa corrigir deficiências hereditárias a nível molecular.
The development of gene therapies aims to correct hereditary deficiencies at a molecular level.
'Deficiências' (deficiencies) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A análise filogenética de populações selvagens pode revelar a persistência de alelos hereditários ao longo de milénios.
Phylogenetic analysis of wild populations can reveal the persistence of hereditary alleles over millennia.
'Alelos' (alleles) is masculine plural, hence 'hereditários'.
A modulação da resposta imune tem sido explorada em doenças autoimunes com forte componente hereditária.
Modulation of the immune response has been explored in autoimmune diseases with a strong hereditary component.
'Componente' (component) is masculine singular, hence 'hereditário'.
A investigação em biologia do desenvolvimento procura decifrar como programas genéticos hereditários orquestram a formação de tecidos e órgãos.
Developmental biology research seeks to decipher how hereditary genetic programs orchestrate the formation of tissues and organs.
'Programas' (programs) is masculine plural, hence 'hereditários'.
A compreensão da suscetibilidade hereditária a infeções virais é crucial para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de saúde pública.
Understanding hereditary susceptibility to viral infections is crucial for the development of public health strategies.
'Suscetibilidade' (susceptibility) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
A penetrância incompleta de certos genes hereditários complica a avaliação do risco genético em aconselhamento familiar.
The incomplete penetrance of certain hereditary genes complicates the assessment of genetic risk in family counseling.
'Genes' is masculine plural, and 'hereditários' agrees with it.
A análise de polimorfismos de nucleótido único (SNPs) tem sido instrumental na identificação de loci genéticos associados a doenças hereditárias complexas.
Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been instrumental in identifying genetic loci associated with complex hereditary diseases.
'Doenças' (diseases) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
O estudo da herança transgeracional, para além da transmissão genética direta, levanta questões sobre mecanismos epigenéticos hereditários.
The study of transgenerational inheritance, beyond direct genetic transmission, raises questions about heritable epigenetic mechanisms.
'Mecanismos' (mechanisms) is masculine plural, hence 'hereditários'.
A desregulação de vias de sinalização celular, frequentemente de origem hereditária, é um denominador comum em diversas patologias.
The dysregulation of cellular signaling pathways, often of hereditary origin, is a common denominator in various pathologies.
'Origem' (origin) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
A modelagem computacional permite simular a dinâmica de populações e prever a prevalência de alelos hereditários sob diferentes pressões seletivas.
Computational modeling allows simulation of population dynamics and prediction of the prevalence of hereditary alleles under different selective pressures.
'Alelos' (alleles) is masculine plural, hence 'hereditários'.
A identificação de variantes genéticas raras com expressividade variável tem implicações profundas na compreensão de doenças hereditárias oligogénicas.
The identification of rare genetic variants with variable expressivity has profound implications for understanding oligogenic hereditary diseases.
'Doenças' (diseases) is feminine plural, hence 'hereditárias'.
A compreensão da base hereditária da resposta ao stress é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de intervenções psicofarmacológicas personalizadas.
Understanding the hereditary basis of stress response is fundamental for the development of personalized psychopharmacological interventions.
'Base' (basis) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
A terapêutica de substituição enzimática visa mitigar as consequências de erros inatos do metabolismo, muitas vezes de natureza hereditária.
Enzyme replacement therapy aims to mitigate the consequences of inborn errors of metabolism, often hereditary in nature.
'Natureza' (nature) is feminine singular, hence 'hereditária'.
常见搭配
常用短语
— It is hereditary.
Perguntaram se a minha alergia era contagiosa, mas eu disse: 'Não, é hereditário.'
— It has a hereditary component.
O médico explicou que a sua doença cardíaca tem um componente hereditário significativo.
— A hereditary factor.
A dieta e o exercício são importantes, mas a genética também é um fator hereditário a considerar.
— Hereditary disease.
Ele foi diagnosticado com uma doença hereditária rara que afeta os pulmões.
— Hereditary trait.
A sensibilidade a certas comidas é um traço hereditário na minha família.
— Hereditary risk.
Devido ao histórico familiar, ela tem um risco hereditário aumentado de desenvolver cancro da mama.
— Hereditary predisposition.
A predisposição hereditária para a diabetes tipo 2 exige um estilo de vida saudável.
— Hereditary nature.
A natureza hereditária desta condição torna o aconselhamento genético essencial.
— Hereditary origin.
Os investigadores estão a tentar determinar se a causa do distúrbio tem uma origem hereditária.
— Hereditary basis.
O estudo procura a base hereditária para explicar porque algumas pessoas são mais resistentes a certas doenças.
容易混淆的词
'Herdado' means 'inherited' and is often used interchangeably in casual contexts, but 'hereditário' specifically emphasizes the genetic, biological transmission from parents.
'Genético' means 'genetic' and refers to anything related to genes. 'Hereditário' is a subset of 'genético', specifically referring to what is passed down through genes.
'Congénito' means 'congenital' (present at birth). While many congenital conditions are hereditary, not all are; some are caused by environmental factors during pregnancy.
习语与表达
— To run in the veins; to be hereditary or deeply ingrained.
A paixão pela música corre nas veias da família Silva.
Figurative, slightly informal— Blue blood; referring to nobility or aristocracy, often implying inherited status or traits.
Ele nasceu com sangue azul, descendente de uma longa linhagem real.
Figurative, formal (historical context)— Talent from the cradle; an innate or hereditary talent.
O seu talento para a pintura era um talento de berço, visível desde criança.
Figurative, common— Genetic inheritance.
A herança genética molda muitas das nossas características físicas.
Scientific/Formal— Marked by destiny; often implying predetermined or inherited traits/circumstances.
Ele sentia-se marcado pelo destino para seguir os passos do pai.
Figurative, poetic— Family traits; characteristics common within a family, often implying hereditary links.
Ela tem os mesmos traços de família da sua avó.
General— To inherit luck (or bad luck); to have a tendency towards good or bad fortune seemingly passed down.
Parece que ele herdou a sorte da mãe, pois tudo lhe corre bem.
Figurative, informal— A traced path; a predetermined course, often influenced by family traditions or expectations (implying hereditary influence).
Para ele, o caminho traçado era continuar o negócio da família.
Figurative, common— Blood speaks louder; family ties and inherited traits are stronger than other influences.
Apesar de ter tentado um caminho diferente, o sangue fala mais alto e ele acabou por se juntar à empresa familiar.
Proverbial, common— Natural inheritance; inherent qualities or abilities.
A sua calma em situações de crise é uma herança natural.
Figurative, formal容易混淆
Both words relate to inheritance and passing things down.
'Hereditário' specifically refers to genetic transmission from parents to offspring. 'Herdado' is a broader term meaning 'inherited' and can apply to non-genetic inheritances, such as property or traditions. For example, you inherit money ('dinheiro herdado'), but a genetic trait is 'hereditário'.
Ele recebeu uma fortuna herdada. (He received an inherited fortune.) A cor dos olhos dele é hereditária. (His eye color is hereditary.)
Both terms are deeply connected to genes and biology.
'Genético' is an adjective meaning 'genetic', pertaining to genes or heredity in general. 'Hereditário' is a specific type of genetic characteristic – one that is passed down from parents. For instance, a 'doença genética' (genetic disease) could be hereditary or arise from a new mutation not inherited. A 'traço hereditário' (hereditary trait) is always genetic.
A análise genética pode identificar predisposições hereditárias. (Genetic analysis can identify hereditary predispositions.)
Both relate to conditions present from birth or early in life.
'Congénito' means 'congenital', existing at or from birth. Many congenital conditions are hereditary, meaning they are passed down through genes. However, some congenital conditions can be caused by factors during pregnancy (like infections or exposure to substances) and are not hereditary. 'Hereditário' focuses on the source (genes from parents), while 'congénito' focuses on the timing (present at birth).
A microcefalia pode ser congénita, mas nem sempre é hereditária. (Microcephaly can be congenital, but it is not always hereditary.)
Both relate to family and inheritance.
'Familiar' means 'familial', relating to or occurring in a family. It often implies a hereditary link but is less precise. For example, 'histórico familiar' (family history) might reveal hereditary conditions, but the term 'familiar' itself doesn't guarantee a genetic cause. 'Hereditário' specifically points to the genetic transmission.
O médico perguntou sobre o histórico familiar de doenças cardíacas. (The doctor asked about the family history of heart diseases.) A doença cardíaca é um problema hereditário em alguns casos. (Heart disease is a hereditary problem in some cases.)
It's the direct opposite concept.
'Adquirido' means 'acquired', developed during a person's lifetime through experience, environment, or exposure, rather than being inherited from parents. 'Hereditário' is the exact opposite, referring to traits passed down genetically from birth. A 'doença adquirida' (acquired disease) contrasts with a 'doença hereditária' (hereditary disease).
A sua cicatriz é adquirida, não hereditária. (His scar is acquired, not hereditary.)
句型
Subject + é + hereditário/a.
O talento para a música é hereditário.
Noun (plural) + são + hereditários/as.
As suas características físicas são hereditárias.
Ter + um/uma + [fator/risco/componente] + hereditário/a.
Ele tem um fator hereditário para a calvície.
A + [doença/condição] + é + hereditária.
A diabetes tipo 1 pode ser hereditária.
Investigar + a + base + hereditária + de + Noun.
Investigar a base hereditária do comportamento animal.
Predisposição + hereditária + para + Noun.
Existe uma predisposição hereditária para alergias.
Compreensão + de + mecanismos + hereditários.
A compreensão de mecanismos hereditários é vital.
Implicações + de + genes + hereditários.
As implicações de genes hereditários são vastas.
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Medium-High (especially in scientific/medical contexts).
-
Incorrect gender/number agreement.
→
A doença é hereditária. Os traços são hereditários.
Forgetting to change 'hereditário' to 'hereditária', 'hereditários', or 'hereditárias' based on the noun it modifies.
-
Using 'hereditário' for acquired traits.
→
A sua habilidade de cozinhar foi adquirida. (Not hereditária).
'Hereditário' specifically refers to genetic inheritance, not skills learned or developed during life.
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Confusing 'hereditário' with 'herdado' in specific contexts.
→
A sua inteligência é hereditária. Ele recebeu uma casa herdada.
'Hereditário' is for genetic traits; 'herdado' is for anything inherited, including property.
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Misplacing stress in pronunciation.
→
he-re-di-<strong>TA</strong>-ri-o
The stress should be on the fourth syllable ('TA'). Incorrect stress can make the word difficult to understand.
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Using 'hereditário' in overly informal settings.
→
É uma mania de família. (Instead of: É uma mania hereditária.)
While possible, 'hereditário' can sound too clinical or formal in very casual conversation. 'De família' or 'herdado' might be more natural.
小贴士
Focus on the Stress
The stress in 'hereditário' falls on the fourth syllable: he-re-di-TA-ri-o. Practicing this rhythm will help you pronounce it correctly and sound more natural to native speakers.
Master Adjective Agreement
The most common mistake is incorrect agreement. Always identify the gender and number of the noun 'hereditário' is modifying and adjust the adjective accordingly: 'hereditário', 'hereditária', 'hereditários', 'hereditárias'.
Use Mnemonics
Connect 'hereditário' to 'heredity' or imagine a 'herd' of family members passing traits down. Visualizing a family tree with DNA strands can also reinforce the meaning.
Distinguish from 'Herdado'
Remember that 'hereditário' is specifically about genetic transmission from parents. 'Herdado' is broader and can mean simply 'inherited', including non-genetic things.
Create Your Own Sentences
Write sentences using 'hereditário' with different nouns (diseases, traits, factors, etc.) and practice saying them aloud. This active recall is vital for retention.
Understand Family Importance
In many cultures, including Portuguese-speaking ones, family history and lineage are important. Understanding 'hereditário' connects you to these cultural values and discussions about heritage.
Explore Related Terms
Learn words like 'genético', 'congénito', and 'familiar'. Understanding their nuances helps you choose the most precise word for each situation and expands your vocabulary.
Listen to Native Speakers
Pay attention to how native speakers use 'hereditário' in videos, podcasts, or conversations. Notice the context and the surrounding vocabulary, which aids comprehension.
Be Precise in Formal Writing
In academic or medical writing, precision is key. Ensure 'hereditário' is used correctly to denote genetic transmission, distinguishing it from acquired or environmental factors.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a family tree where each branch is 'herded' (hereditary) by the next generation. Or think of a 'hermit' (hereditary) who lives alone but passes down secrets (traits) through generations.
视觉联想
Picture a DNA helix intertwined with a family tree. The double helix represents the genetic code, and the tree represents the lineage through which it is passed.
Word Web
挑战
Try to explain the difference between a 'doença hereditária' and a 'doença adquirida' to someone using only simple Portuguese words. This will help solidify your understanding of 'hereditário'.
词源
The word 'hereditário' comes from the Latin word 'haereditarius', which itself derives from 'haereditas', meaning 'inheritance'. This Latin root is related to 'heres', meaning 'heir'. The concept of passing things down through inheritance is ancient and fundamental.
原始含义： Pertaining to inheritance or succession.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Portuguese文化背景
When discussing hereditary conditions, especially diseases, it is important to be sensitive. Avoid stigmatizing individuals or families. Focus on the scientific and medical aspects, and emphasize that having a hereditary predisposition does not guarantee the condition will develop.
In English-speaking cultures, the term 'hereditary' is used similarly, primarily in medical, scientific, and genealogical contexts. The concept of inherited traits and diseases is universally understood.
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Medical diagnosis and family history discussion.
- Histórico familiar
- Componente hereditário
- Risco hereditário
- Doença hereditária
Scientific research papers on genetics and biology.
- Base hereditária
- Traço hereditário
- Gene hereditário
- Análise genética
Discussions about animal breeding or plant characteristics.
- Característica hereditária
- Traço hereditário
- Seleção artificial
General conversations about inherited traits (e.g., eye color, talents).
- Cor dos olhos é hereditária
- Talento hereditário
- É de família
Legal or historical contexts discussing inheritance.
- Sucessão hereditária
- Direitos hereditários
- Herança
对话开场白
"Você sabe se alguma condição de saúde é hereditária na sua família?"
"O que você acha sobre a influência dos genes nas nossas características?"
"Já ouviu falar sobre doenças hereditárias raras?"
"Como a genética pode afetar a nossa saúde?"
"Você acredita que certos talentos são hereditários?"
日记主题
Escreva sobre uma característica física que você acredita ter herdado de um dos seus pais ou avós.
Pesquise uma doença hereditária e escreva um pequeno parágrafo sobre ela.
Reflita sobre a importância de entender a história familiar de saúde.
Imagine que você é um cientista descobrindo um novo traço hereditário. Descreva sua descoberta.
Como a palavra 'hereditário' se relaciona com a ideia de legado ou herança?
常见问题
10 个问题'Hereditário' specifically refers to traits or conditions passed down genetically from parents to offspring. It emphasizes the biological, genetic origin. 'Herdado', on the other hand, is a more general term for 'inherited' and can apply to anything passed down, including non-genetic things like property, titles, or even learned behaviors in a figurative sense. While a hereditary trait is always inherited, not everything inherited is hereditary in the biological sense.
'Genético' means 'genetic' and relates to genes or heredity in a broad sense. 'Hereditário' is a specific type of genetic characteristic – one that is passed down from parents. For example, 'análise genética' (genetic analysis) studies genes, while 'doença hereditária' (hereditary disease) is a specific type of genetic disease passed from parents. A condition can be genetic without being hereditary (e.g., a new mutation), but a hereditary condition is always genetic.
As an adjective, 'hereditário' must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. The forms are: 'hereditário' (masculine singular), 'hereditária' (feminine singular), 'hereditários' (masculine plural), and 'hereditárias' (feminine plural). For example: 'um fator hereditário' (a hereditary factor), 'uma doença hereditária' (a hereditary disease), 'traços hereditários' (hereditary traits), 'condições hereditárias' (hereditary conditions).
While 'hereditário' is primarily used in formal or semi-formal contexts (medical, scientific), it can be used informally, often in a slightly figurative or jocular way, to describe strong family tendencies. For instance, someone might jokingly say, 'O meu amor por café é hereditário!' (My love for coffee is hereditary!). However, for serious discussions about genetics or health, stick to its formal usage.
The noun form is 'hereditariedade', which means 'heredity'. It refers to the process or fact of inheriting characteristics through genes. For example, 'A hereditariedade desempenha um papel crucial no desenvolvimento de certas doenças.' (Heredity plays a crucial role in the development of certain diseases.)
Yes, they are closely related. 'Herança' means 'inheritance' and can refer to both genetic inheritance (like traits) and material inheritance (like property). 'Hereditário' is the adjective that describes something pertaining to this genetic inheritance. So, a 'traço hereditário' (hereditary trait) is part of one's 'herança genética' (genetic inheritance).
Many things can be hereditary, including physical traits like eye color, hair color, and height; predispositions to certain diseases like diabetes, heart conditions, or some types of cancer; and even certain talents or temperamental tendencies, although these are often influenced by environmental factors as well.
No, 'hereditário' applies to any living organism whose traits are passed down genetically. This includes animals (e.g., 'características hereditárias em cães' - hereditary characteristics in dogs) and plants (e.g., 'resistência hereditária a pragas' - hereditary resistance to pests).
'Hereditário' refers to something passed down through genes from parents. 'Congénito' means present at birth. While many hereditary conditions are congenital, not all congenital conditions are hereditary. For example, a baby can be born with a heart defect due to something that happened during pregnancy (congenital but not hereditary), or they can be born with it because it was passed down from their parents (congenital and hereditary).
Remember that adjectives in Portuguese usually agree with the noun they describe. If the noun is masculine singular (e.g., 'fator'), use 'hereditário'. If it's feminine singular (e.g., 'doença'), use 'hereditária'. If it's masculine plural (e.g., 'traços'), use 'hereditários'. If it's feminine plural (e.g., 'condições'), use 'hereditárias'. Practice creating sentences with different nouns to solidify this.
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Summary
The Portuguese adjective 'hereditário' signifies traits or conditions passed down genetically from parents to offspring. It's crucial for discussions in biology, medicine, and genetics, and must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies (hereditário, hereditária, hereditários, hereditárias).
- Hereditary: Passed down through genes from parents to children.
- Describes traits, diseases, or predispositions.
- Used in medical, scientific, and family history contexts.
- Requires gender and number agreement in Portuguese.
Focus on the Stress
The stress in 'hereditário' falls on the fourth syllable: he-re-di-TA-ri-o. Practicing this rhythm will help you pronounce it correctly and sound more natural to native speakers.
Master Adjective Agreement
The most common mistake is incorrect agreement. Always identify the gender and number of the noun 'hereditário' is modifying and adjust the adjective accordingly: 'hereditário', 'hereditária', 'hereditários', 'hereditárias'.
Context is Key
While 'hereditário' means hereditary, its precise usage is often in scientific, medical, or biological contexts. Be mindful of the register; using it in very casual chat might sound overly formal.
Use Mnemonics
Connect 'hereditário' to 'heredity' or imagine a 'herd' of family members passing traits down. Visualizing a family tree with DNA strands can also reinforce the meaning.
例句
A calvície é um traço hereditário em sua família.
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