The word 'patrão' in Portuguese refers to your boss or employer, the person who hires you and pays you for your work. It's a fundamental term in understanding professional relationships and workplace dynamics in Portuguese-speaking contexts.
patrão 30秒了解
- The Portuguese word 'patrão' means boss or employer.
- It refers to the person who hires and pays others for their work.
- You'll hear it in contexts about jobs and businesses.
- It's a common word for the head of a company or a self-employed person's boss.
- Basic Meaning
- The primary meaning of 'patrão' is 'boss' or 'employer'. This is the person who owns a business or is in charge of a company and hires other people to work for them. They are the ones who provide jobs and pay salaries.
- Contexts of Use
- You will most commonly hear 'patrão' in discussions about work, employment, and business. For example, someone might say they are going to talk to their 'patrão' about a raise, or that their 'patrão' is very demanding. It's used in both formal and informal settings, though the specific tone might vary. It can also be used more broadly to refer to the owner of a shop or a service provider who is the ultimate authority in that context.
- Beyond the Workplace
- Interestingly, 'patrão' can sometimes be used metaphorically or with a slightly different nuance. In some regions or social circles, it might be used to refer to someone who is in charge or has a significant influence, not necessarily in a work context but in a more general sense of leadership or authority. However, the core meaning remains tied to employment and management.
- Professional Relationships
- Understanding 'patrão' is crucial for comprehending how professional relationships are structured in Portuguese-speaking countries. It defines the hierarchical dynamic between an employer and employee, highlighting who holds the decision-making power and financial responsibility. The term is neutral in itself but the perception of a 'patrão' can range from benevolent leader to a more authoritarian figure, depending on the individual and the workplace culture.
- Examples in Context
- Imagine a small bakery. The owner who makes the bread and also hires a cashier is the 'patrão'. In a larger office, the CEO or a department manager who supervises employees would be referred to as the 'patrão'. If you are a freelancer, the client who commissions your work and pays you could also be considered your 'patrão' for that specific project.
O meu patrão é muito justo nas suas decisões.
Preciso de falar com o patrão sobre o meu horário.
Ela trabalha como empregada do patrão há cinco anos.
- Subject of a Sentence
- The 'patrão' can be the subject of a sentence, performing an action. For instance, 'O patrão chegou cedo hoje.' (The boss arrived early today.) This highlights the boss's actions and presence.
- Object of a Verb
- The 'patrão' can also be the direct or indirect object of a verb, meaning something is done to or for them. For example, 'Eu entreguei o relatório ao patrão.' (I delivered the report to the boss.) Here, the boss is the recipient of the action.
- Possessive Structures
- You can use 'patrão' in possessive phrases, often with the preposition 'de' (of). 'A decisão do patrão foi final.' (The boss's decision was final.) This shows ownership or association, like 'the boss's decision'.
- With Adjectives
- Describing the 'patrão' with adjectives is common. 'O meu patrão é muito simpático.' (My boss is very nice.) or 'Temos um patrão exigente.' (We have a demanding boss.) This adds detail about their personality or management style.
- In Questions
- Asking questions about the 'patrão' is natural. 'Onde está o patrão agora?' (Where is the boss now?) or 'Você já falou com o seu patrão?' (Have you spoken with your boss yet?) These inquiries help gather information about the person in charge.
- With Verbs of Speaking/Reporting
- 'Patrão' is often mentioned when discussing interactions. 'Ele disse que o patrão concordou.' (He said that the boss agreed.) This shows how the 'patrão's' opinion or decision is communicated.
- Referring to a Group
- While 'patrão' is singular, the concept can apply to multiple bosses in a company. However, you might use 'os patrões' (the bosses) or refer to the management team. 'Os patrões decidiram aumentar os salários.' (The bosses decided to increase the salaries.)
- Common Verb Combinations
- Verbs like 'ter' (to have), 'ser' (to be), 'falar com' (to speak with), 'obedecer a' (to obey), 'trabalhar para' (to work for) are frequently used with 'patrão'. 'Eu trabalho para o meu patrão há três anos.' (I have worked for my boss for three years.)
O patrão pediu para todos chegarem mais cedo amanhã.
Temos que apresentar o projeto ao patrão até sexta-feira.
A minha colega tem uma boa relação com o seu patrão.
- Daily Work Conversations
- In any Portuguese-speaking country, if you overhear conversations in cafes near office buildings, during lunch breaks, or in workplaces, the word 'patrão' will likely come up frequently. Employees might discuss their 'patrão's' expectations, recent decisions, or even personal anecdotes about them.
- Small Businesses and Shops
- In smaller enterprises, like family-owned businesses, local shops, or artisanal workshops, the term 'patrão' is especially prevalent. The owner is often directly involved in managing employees, making 'patrão' a very direct and common term used by staff to refer to their employer.
- Media and News
- News reports about labor disputes, company earnings, or economic trends will often mention 'patrões' and their role in the economy. Business interviews or documentaries about entrepreneurs will also use this term to identify the leaders and owners of companies.
- Social Gatherings and Family
- Even in informal social settings, people talk about their jobs. Someone might mention, 'My 'patrão' is planning a party for the staff,' or 'I asked my 'patrão' for time off.' It's a natural part of discussing one's professional life.
- Service Industry Interactions
- While less direct, you might hear it indirectly. For example, a waiter might say, 'I'll have to check with the 'patrão' about that special request,' referring to the restaurant owner or manager.
- Cultural References
- In Portuguese literature, films, and music, 'patrão' is a recurring character or concept, reflecting the societal structures and the importance of the employer-employee relationship.
Ouvi dizer que o patrão vai dar um bónus este ano.
A pequena loja tem um patrão muito simpático que conhece todos os clientes.
No noticiário, falaram sobre as novas regras impostas pelos patrões.
- Confusing with 'Empregado'
- A common mistake for learners is to confuse 'patrão' (boss/employer) with 'empregado' (employee/worker). These are direct opposites. Saying 'Eu sou o patrão' when you are actually the employee is a significant error.
- Gender Agreement
- While 'patrão' is masculine, it can sometimes be used generically. However, if the boss is female, the more specific and often preferred term is 'patroa'. Using 'patrão' for a clearly female boss might sound a bit informal or even slightly dated in some contexts, though it's not always considered a major error depending on regional usage.
- Overuse or Misapplication
- Some learners might overuse 'patrão' in situations where it's not appropriate. For instance, referring to a teacher as 'patrão' is incorrect; a teacher is a 'professor' or 'professora'. Similarly, in a volunteer setting, there isn't typically a 'patrão' in the sense of an employer.
- Using 'Patrão' for Authority Figures
- While 'patrão' implies authority, it's specifically tied to the employer-employee relationship. Using it for other authority figures like a police officer ('polícia'), a doctor ('médico'), or a government official ('funcionário público') would be incorrect.
- Pronunciation Errors
- Incorrect pronunciation can lead to misunderstandings. For example, mispronouncing the 'ão' sound (which is nasal) can make the word sound like 'padrão' (pattern or standard), which has a completely different meaning.
Mistake: Eu sou empregado do meu patrão.
Correction: Eu sou empregado do meu patrão. (This is correct, meaning 'I am an employee of my boss.')
Correction: O meu patrão é empregado. (This is incorrect, meaning 'My boss is an employee.')
Mistake: A minha professora é uma boa patrã.
Correction: A minha professora é uma boa professora. (A teacher is not a boss in this context.)
- Patrão vs. Empregador
- 'Empregador' is a more formal and direct translation of 'employer'. While 'patrão' is very common in everyday speech, 'empregador' is often used in legal documents, contracts, and formal business discussions. They both refer to the entity that hires workers, but 'patrão' has a more personal, often hierarchical, feel, while 'empregador' is more about the function of employing.
- Patrão vs. Chefe
- 'Chefe' is another common word for 'boss'. In many contexts, 'patrão' and 'chefe' are interchangeable. However, 'patrão' often implies ownership or a higher level of authority (like the owner of the business), whereas 'chefe' can refer to any manager or supervisor, even if they don't own the company. For instance, the owner of a small business is definitely the 'patrão', while a manager in a large corporation is more likely to be called 'chefe'.
- Patrão vs. Líder
- 'Líder' means 'leader'. While a 'patrão' or 'chefe' can also be a 'líder', the term 'líder' focuses more on influence, guidance, and inspiration rather than just hierarchical position or ownership. A good 'patrão' is often also a good 'líder'. However, one can be a 'líder' without being a 'patrão' (e.g., a team leader in a project). Conversely, someone can be a 'patrão' without necessarily being a good 'líder'.
- Patrão vs. Gerente
- 'Gerente' translates to 'manager'. A 'gerente' is a specific role within a company, responsible for managing a department or team. A 'gerente' is usually subordinate to the 'patrão' or 'chefe' (who might be the owner or a higher-level executive). The 'gerente' implements the 'patrão's' vision. So, the 'patrão' is the owner/ultimate boss, while the 'gerente' is a hired manager.
- Patrão vs. Proprietário
- 'Proprietário' means 'owner'. In many small businesses, the 'patrão' is also the 'proprietário'. However, a 'proprietário' might not be actively involved in managing employees, in which case they would delegate that role to a 'gerente' or 'chefe'. 'Patrão' emphasizes the role of employing and managing, while 'proprietário' emphasizes ownership of assets.
'Patrão' é o termo mais comum no dia a dia para chefe.
'Empregador' é mais formal, usado em contratos.
O dono da empresa é o patrão, mas o gerente dirige a equipa.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The word 'patron' in English shares the same Latin root ('patronus'). This highlights the historical connection between the concepts of protection, patronage, and the role of a superior figure who provides for others.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'ão' as a non-nasal sound like 'aon' or 'awn'.
- Not tapping the 'r' in 'trão' correctly, making it sound like a hard 'r'.
- Incorrectly stressing the first syllable ('pa').
难度评级
Understanding 'patrão' in reading requires recognizing its primary meaning as boss/employer. Texts related to business, labor, or social dynamics will use it frequently. Context is key to distinguishing it from similar terms like 'chefe' or 'proprietário'.
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前置知识
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需要掌握的语法
Possessive Adjectives (meu, seu, nosso)
O meu patrão é muito rigoroso. (My boss is very strict.)
Verb Conjugation (Present Tense)
O patrão trabalha muito. (The boss works a lot.)
Prepositions (com, para, de)
Falar com o patrão. Trabalhar para o patrão. A decisão do patrão.
Pluralization
Os patrões reuniram-se para discutir o futuro da empresa. (The bosses met to discuss the company's future.)
Ser vs. Estar
O patrão é simpático. (The boss is nice - characteristic.) O patrão está ocupado. (The boss is busy - temporary state.)
按水平分级的例句
O meu patrão é muito simpático.
My boss is very nice.
Simple sentence structure with 'ser' (to be) and an adjective.
Preciso de falar com o patrão sobre o meu salário.
I need to speak with the boss about my salary.
Using 'precisar de' (to need to) followed by an infinitive verb.
O patrão deu um aumento a todos os funcionários.
The boss gave a raise to all the employees.
Past tense of 'dar' (to give) - 'deu'.
Ela trabalha para o patrão há dois anos.
She has worked for the boss for two years.
Using 'há' to indicate duration of time.
O patrão pediu para fecharmos a loja mais cedo.
The boss asked to close the shop earlier.
Using 'pedir para' (to ask to) followed by an infinitive verb.
Este é o meu novo patrão.
This is my new boss.
Simple demonstrative sentence with 'ser' (to be).
O patrão está a organizar uma festa para a equipa.
The boss is organizing a party for the team.
Present continuous tense (estar + a + infinitive).
Ele respeita muito o seu patrão.
He respects his boss a lot.
Using 'respeitar' (to respect) and the possessive 'seu'.
O patrão decidiu demitir o funcionário que não cumpria as regras.
The boss decided to fire the employee who didn't follow the rules.
Using past tense of 'decidir' (to decide) and 'demitir' (to fire).
Temos que apresentar o plano de negócios ao patrão amanhã.
We have to present the business plan to the boss tomorrow.
Using 'ter que' (to have to) followed by an infinitive.
A reputação do patrão na cidade é excelente.
The boss's reputation in the city is excellent.
Possessive structure using 'de' with 'patrão'.
Se tivermos problemas, falamos com o patrão.
If we have problems, we talk to the boss.
Conditional sentence structure (se + present tense, present tense).
Ele sonha em ter o seu próprio negócio e ser o seu próprio patrão.
He dreams of having his own business and being his own boss.
Using infinitive verbs after 'em' and the reflexive possessive 'seu próprio'.
O patrão ofereceu-me uma posição de liderança na empresa.
The boss offered me a leadership position in the company.
Past tense of 'oferecer' (to offer) - 'ofereceu'.
A empresa cresceu muito sob a gestão do seu patrão.
The company grew a lot under its boss's management.
Using 'sob' (under) and a noun phrase.
Questionar as ordens do patrão pode ser arriscado.
Questioning the boss's orders can be risky.
Using a gerund ('questionar') as the subject of the sentence.
O patrão, conhecido pela sua generosidade, decidiu doar uma parte dos lucros a uma instituição de caridade.
The boss, known for his generosity, decided to donate a portion of the profits to a charity.
Appositive phrase ('conhecido pela sua generosidade') adding descriptive information.
A estratégia de expansão foi apresentada ao conselho de administração pelo patrão.
The expansion strategy was presented to the board of directors by the boss.
Passive voice ('foi apresentada') and identification of the agent ('pelo patrão').
É fundamental que o patrão promova um ambiente de trabalho colaborativo e inclusivo.
It is fundamental that the boss promotes a collaborative and inclusive work environment.
Subjunctive mood after 'é fundamental que' (it is fundamental that).
A insatisfação dos empregados levou a uma reunião tensa com o patrão.
The employees' dissatisfaction led to a tense meeting with the boss.
Noun phrase ('A insatisfação dos empregados') as the subject.
O patrão, que sempre valorizou a criatividade, incentivou a equipa a pensar fora da caixa.
The boss, who has always valued creativity, encouraged the team to think outside the box.
Relative clause ('que sempre valorizou a criatividade') providing additional detail.
A sucessão no comando da empresa está a ser cuidadosamente planeada pelo atual patrão.
The succession in the company's leadership is being carefully planned by the current boss.
Gerund phrase ('A sucessão no comando da empresa') and passive voice.
Embora o patrão tenha imposto novas regras, a produtividade aumentou inesperadamente.
Although the boss imposed new rules, productivity unexpectedly increased.
Subordinating conjunction 'Embora' (although) introducing a concessive clause.
O relacionamento entre o patrão e os seus colaboradores é a chave para o sucesso.
The relationship between the boss and his collaborators is the key to success.
Prepositional phrases ('entre o patrão e os seus colaboradores') and a noun phrase as the subject.
A reestruturação organizacional imposta pelo novo patrão visou otimizar os fluxos de trabalho e reduzir custos operacionais.
The organizational restructuring imposed by the new boss aimed to optimize workflows and reduce operational costs.
Complex noun phrases and infinitive clauses ('visou otimizar', 'reduzir').
A delegação de tarefas pelo patrão, em vez de microgestão, demonstrou confiança na capacidade da sua equipa.
The delegation of tasks by the boss, rather than micromanagement, demonstrated trust in his team's capabilities.
Comparative structure ('em vez de') and abstract nouns.
O patrão, com a sua perspicácia para os negócios, antecipou a tendência de mercado e posicionou a empresa de forma vantajosa.
The boss, with his business acumen, anticipated the market trend and positioned the company advantageously.
Prepositional phrase ('com a sua perspicácia para os negócios') and adverbial phrase ('de forma vantajosa').
A política de portas abertas do patrão incentivou um diálogo franco e a resolução proativa de conflitos.
The boss's open-door policy encouraged frank dialogue and proactive conflict resolution.
Abstract nouns and participial phrases ('incentivou um diálogo franco e a resolução proativa').
A capacidade do patrão de inspirar lealdade é um fator preponderante no sucesso a longo prazo da organização.
The boss's ability to inspire loyalty is a preponderant factor in the organization's long-term success.
Complex noun phrases and gerunds used as nouns ('capacidade de inspirar lealdade').
O patrão, que raramente se manifestava publicamente, fez uma declaração contundente sobre a ética empresarial.
The boss, who rarely appeared publicly, made a strong statement about business ethics.
Relative clause with adverb ('raramente') and strong vocabulary ('contundente').
A negociação salarial com o patrão foi árdua, mas culminou num acordo mutuamente benéfico.
The salary negotiation with the boss was arduous, but it culminated in a mutually beneficial agreement.
Adjectives ('árdua', 'mutuamente benéfico') and verbs indicating process ('culminou').
O patrão, confrontado com a possibilidade de despedimentos, procurou alternativas para evitar o colapso financeiro.
The boss, faced with the possibility of layoffs, sought alternatives to avoid financial collapse.
Participial phrase ('confrontado com a possibilidade') and complex verb usage.
A metanoia organizacional, catalisada pela visão pragmática do patrão, redefiniu o paradigma da sua atuação no mercado global.
The organizational metanoia, catalyzed by the boss's pragmatic vision, redefined the paradigm of its operation in the global market.
Highly abstract vocabulary ('metanoia', 'paradigma') and complex sentence structure.
O patrão, detentor de uma sagacidade estratégica inata, soube antecipar as vicissitudes económicas, garantindo a resiliência da empresa.
The boss, possessing innate strategic acumen, knew how to anticipate economic vicissitudes, ensuring the company's resilience.
Elevated vocabulary ('detentor', 'sagacidade', 'vicissitudes', 'resiliência') and complex clause structures.
A sua abordagem paternalista, embora bem-intencionada, por vezes obscurecia a autonomia dos seus subordinados, gerando um paradoxo de controlo e liberdade.
His paternalistic approach, though well-intentioned, sometimes obscured his subordinates' autonomy, creating a paradox of control and freedom.
Sophisticated vocabulary ('paternalista', 'obscurecia', 'paradoxo') and nuanced meaning.
O patrão, ao fomentar uma cultura de mérito e meritocracia, assegurou que as promoções fossem baseadas em competência e não em favoritismo.
The boss, by fostering a culture of merit and meritocracy, ensured that promotions were based on competence and not favoritism.
Abstract concepts ('meritocracia') and participial phrases ('ao fomentar').
A sua capacidade de orquestrar sinergias entre departamentos díspares era lendária, transformando o que antes era fragmentado em algo coeso sob a sua égide.
His ability to orchestrate synergies between disparate departments was legendary, transforming what was once fragmented into something cohesive under his aegis.
Figurative language ('orquestrar sinergias', 'sob a sua égide') and complex sentence construction.
O patrão, com um discernimento aguçado para as nuances do mercado, navegou habilmente pelas complexidades da concorrência internacional.
The boss, with a keen discernment for market nuances, skillfully navigated the complexities of international competition.
Rich descriptive adjectives ('aguçado', 'complexidades') and adverbs ('habilmente').
A sua visão holística da empresa permitiu-lhe antecipar disrupções e capitalizar oportunidades emergentes, mantendo sempre um olhar atento à sustentabilidade.
His holistic view of the company allowed him to anticipate disruptions and capitalize on emerging opportunities, always keeping a close eye on sustainability.
Abstract concepts ('visão holística', 'disrupções', 'sustentabilidade') and gerunds.
O patrão, ao assumir a responsabilidade pelos erros da equipa, demonstrou uma integridade que solidificou a confiança mútua e fortaleceu a coesão grupal.
The boss, by taking responsibility for the team's mistakes, demonstrated an integrity that solidified mutual trust and strengthened group cohesion.
Participial phrase ('ao assumir a responsabilidade') and abstract nouns ('integridade', 'coesão grupal').
常见搭配
常用短语
— To speak with the boss. This is a very common phrase used when someone needs to discuss work-related matters with their employer.
Tenho que marcar uma reunião para falar com o patrão sobre a minha proposta.
— My boss. This possessive phrase is used to refer to one's own employer.
O meu patrão deu-me muito trabalho esta semana.
— To work for the boss. This phrase describes the act of being employed by someone.
Ele está a trabalhar para o patrão há cinco anos e gosta muito do seu trabalho.
— The boss ordered/said. This is used to convey instructions or decisions that came from the employer.
O patrão mandou que todos entregassem os relatórios até ao final do dia.
— To be a boss/employer. This phrase refers to the state or role of being an employer.
Ele sonha em ser patrão e abrir a sua própria empresa um dia.
— The boss is not here/available. Used to indicate the absence of the employer.
Não posso resolver isso agora, o patrão não está.
— The boss's decision. Refers to a choice or ruling made by the employer.
A decisão do patrão foi final e não houve discussão.
— To give orders to the boss. This is usually used humorously or ironically, as it's contrary to the typical hierarchy.
Só em sonho eu daria ordens ao meu patrão!
— The demanding boss. Describes a boss who has high expectations.
Temos um patrão exigente, mas aprendemos muito com ele.
— To thank the boss. Used when expressing gratitude towards the employer.
Gostaria de agradecer ao patrão pela oportunidade.
容易混淆的词
'Padrão' means 'standard', 'pattern', or 'model'. It is pronounced similarly but has a completely different meaning and usage. For example, 'Este é o padrão de qualidade.' (This is the quality standard.)
'Patroa' is the feminine form of 'patrão', referring specifically to a female boss or employer. While 'patrão' can sometimes be used generically, using 'patroa' for a woman in charge is more precise and often preferred.
This refers to 'gold standard'. It's a noun that uses the same spelling but has a distinct meaning related to benchmarks or measures, not employment.
习语与表达
— To be in charge of the situation; to be the one making all the decisions and controlling things. It implies having complete authority and control, much like a boss controls their business.
Nesta equipa, ele é o patrão da bola, todos seguem as suas ordens.
Informal— To act like a boss; to behave in an authoritative or bossy manner. It can be used neutrally to describe someone taking charge or critically to describe someone being overly dominant.
Ele começou a fazer o patrão com os colegas mais novos.
Informal— To have the boss constantly monitoring or pressuring you; to feel under constant supervision. It implies a sense of pressure or anxiety due to the boss's close attention.
Sinto que tenho o patrão nas costas o tempo todo, é muito stressante.
Informal— To take the blame for something, often when you are not entirely at fault or when someone else should be held responsible. While not directly using 'patrão', it relates to hierarchical structures where someone might be unjustly punished.
No final, fui eu que paguei o pato pelos erros de todos.
Informal— The boss says so; the boss's will prevails. This is a simple, direct phrase indicating that a decision or instruction comes from the boss and must be followed.
Não podemos fazer isso, o patrão manda.
Informal— To do what the boss orders. This emphasizes obedience and the fulfillment of instructions from an employer.
Como empregado, tenho que fazer o que o patrão manda.
Neutral— Someone who is their own boss; an independent person who doesn't answer to anyone. This phrase highlights self-employment or a lack of subordination.
Ele decidiu largar o emprego para ser o patrão de ninguém.
Informal— To have a difficult boss. This describes a challenging working relationship due to the employer's personality or management style.
É complicado trabalhar aqui, tenho um patrão muito difícil.
Neutral— The boss is happy about profits/money. This is a figurative way to say that the boss is pleased when the company is making money.
Quando as vendas aumentam, o patrão sorri para o dinheiro.
Informal— To satisfy the boss. This refers to meeting the employer's expectations and requirements.
O meu objetivo é sempre deixar o patrão satisfeito com o meu trabalho.
Neutral容易混淆
Both 'patrão' and 'chefe' translate to 'boss' and are commonly used in everyday conversation to refer to someone in charge at work.
'Patrão' often implies ownership of the business or the ultimate authority, whereas 'chefe' can refer to any manager or supervisor, even if they don't own the company. For example, the owner of a small shop is definitely the 'patrão', but a department manager in a large corporation is more likely to be called 'chefe'. However, in many informal contexts, they are used interchangeably.
O meu patrão é o dono da loja. O meu chefe é o gerente do departamento.
'Empregador' is the direct translation of 'employer', and both 'patrão' and 'empregador' refer to the person or entity that hires others.
'Empregador' is a more formal and legalistic term, typically found in contracts and official documents. 'Patrão' is the more common, everyday word used in casual conversation. While an 'empregador' is always a 'patrão' in function, 'patrão' carries more of a personal, hierarchical connotation.
O contrato foi assinado pelo empregador. No dia a dia, falamos com o nosso patrão.
Often, the 'patrão' is also the 'proprietário' (owner) of the business.
'Patrão' emphasizes the role of managing and employing people, the position of authority within the workplace. 'Proprietário' strictly refers to the ownership of assets or the business itself. A 'proprietário' might hire a 'gerente' to be the 'patrão' in practice, meaning the owner is not directly involved in daily management.
Ele é o proprietário da fábrica e o seu filho é o patrão que a dirige.
These two words represent opposite sides of the employment relationship.
'Patrão' is the employer, the person who hires and pays. 'Trabalhador' (or 'empregado') is the employee, the person who performs the work. They are antonyms in the context of employment.
O patrão contrata o trabalhador.
The spelling and pronunciation are very similar, differing mainly in the nasalization of the final vowel sound.
'Patrão' means boss/employer. 'Padrão' means standard, pattern, or model. The meanings are entirely unrelated. For example, 'O patrão definiu o padrão de qualidade.' (The boss set the quality standard.)
O patrão chegou. O padrão é alto.
句型
Subject + é + o/um + patrão.
Ele é um patrão.
O patrão + verb.
O patrão chegou.
Eu + trabalho + para + o patrão.
Eu trabalho para o patrão.
O meu/seu/nosso + patrão + é + adjective.
O meu patrão é simpático.
Preciso + de + falar + com + o patrão.
Preciso de falar com o patrão.
O patrão + verb + object.
O patrão aprovou o projeto.
A decisão + do + patrão.
A decisão do patrão foi final.
O patrão, + relative clause, + verb...
O patrão, que é muito experiente, tomou a decisão correta.
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Very High
-
Using 'patrão' for a teacher.
→
Using 'professor' or 'professora'.
'Patrão' specifically refers to an employer or boss who hires and pays people for work. A teacher is an educator and does not fit this definition, even though they hold authority in a classroom.
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Saying 'Eu sou patrão' when meaning 'I am an employee'.
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Saying 'Eu sou empregado/trabalhador/funcionário'.
This is a fundamental error of confusion between opposite roles. 'Patrão' is the employer, and 'empregado'/'trabalhador'/'funcionário' are the employees. They are mutually exclusive roles within an employment relationship.
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Using 'patrão' for a female boss without using 'patroa'.
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Using 'patroa' for a female boss.
While 'patrão' can sometimes be used generically, 'patroa' is the specific feminine form and is generally preferred when referring to a woman in charge. Using 'patrão' for a clearly female boss can sound informal or slightly incorrect in some regions.
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Pronouncing 'patrão' like 'padrão'.
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Pronouncing 'patrão' with a nasal 'ão' sound.
The difference in pronunciation is critical. 'Patrão' (boss) has a nasal 'ão' sound, while 'padrão' (standard/pattern) has a similar but distinct sound. Mispronunciation can lead to significant misunderstandings.
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Using 'patrão' for any figure of authority.
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Using 'patrão' only for employers or business owners.
'Patrão' is tied to the employer-employee relationship. It should not be used for police officers, doctors, or other officials unless they are also acting as your direct employer.
小贴士
Master the Nasal 'ão'
The 'ão' sound in 'patrão' is a nasal diphthong. Practice making this sound by letting air pass through your nose. It's crucial for clear pronunciation and avoiding confusion with words like 'padrão'.
Know Your Opposites
To truly understand 'patrão', learn its antonyms: 'empregado', 'trabalhador', and 'funcionário'. Knowing these words will solidify your understanding of the employer-employee dynamic.
Respectful Communication
In many Portuguese-speaking cultures, the relationship with a 'patrão' can be significant. While 'patrão' is a standard term, be mindful of the power dynamics. Using respectful language when referring to or addressing your 'patrão' is always advisable.
Gender Agreement
Remember that 'patrão' is masculine. If you are referring to a female boss, use 'patroa'. When using possessive adjectives, ensure they agree in gender and number with 'patrão' (e.g., 'o meu patrão', 'os meus patrões').
Visualize Authority
Create a mental image of a 'patrão' as someone in charge, perhaps wearing a tie or standing tall, making decisions. Linking the word to a strong visual of authority can aid recall.
Role-Play Scenarios
Practice conversations where you need to refer to your boss. Simulate scenarios like asking for a raise, reporting a problem, or discussing a project. This will help you use 'patrão' naturally in spoken Portuguese.
Distinguish from 'Chefe'
While 'chefe' also means boss, 'patrão' often implies ownership. Pay attention to context; if someone owns the business, 'patrão' is very fitting. If it's just a manager, 'chefe' might be more precise, though they are often interchangeable.
Rooted in Protection
Remember that 'patrão' comes from the Latin 'patronus', meaning protector. This historical link can help you understand the underlying sense of responsibility and authority associated with the role.
Use it in Sentences
The best way to learn is to use it! Try to construct sentences using 'patrão' in different grammatical structures: as a subject, object, or in possessive phrases. The more you use it, the more natural it will become.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a 'patrão' standing on a 'trough' (like a water trough for animals) giving orders to his workers. The 'patrão' is the one in charge, like the farmer who owns the trough and the animals.
视觉联想
Picture a person wearing a crown (symbolizing authority) holding a ledger book (symbolizing business and payment) in front of a large building (representing their company). This visual reinforces the idea of a boss who owns and manages a business.
Word Web
挑战
Try to describe your ideal 'patrão' or the worst 'patrão' you can imagine using at least three sentences. Focus on their actions and characteristics.
词源
The word 'patrão' comes from the Latin word 'patronus', which meant 'protector' or 'defender'. Over time, it evolved to mean the head of a household, then a master, and eventually an employer or boss in the sense of someone who provides protection and sustenance through employment.
原始含义： Protector, defender, master.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Portuguese文化背景
While 'patrão' is a standard term, it's important to be aware of the power dynamic it represents. In discussions about labor rights or workplace equality, focusing solely on the 'patrão' without acknowledging the contributions and rights of employees might be perceived as insensitive.
In English-speaking contexts, 'boss' and 'employer' are common terms. While 'boss' can sometimes carry informal connotations, 'employer' is more formal and legalistic. The relationship can be perceived as purely transactional or more personal, depending on the company culture.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Workplace Discussions
- Falar com o patrão
- O meu patrão
- O patrão mandou
Small Business Operations
- O dono é o patrão
- Ser patrão
- Trabalhar para o patrão
Job Seeking and Employment
- O patrão oferece benefícios
- Qual é o seu patrão?
- Ter um bom patrão
News and Business Reports
- O patrão da empresa
- Decisão do patrão
- Patrões e empregados
Everyday Conversations about Work
- O meu patrão é exigente
- O patrão não está
- Agradecer ao patrão
对话开场白
"What does your boss usually ask you to do?"
"How important is it to have a good relationship with your boss?"
"Have you ever thought about becoming your own boss?"
"What kind of boss do you think is the best?"
"If you were a boss, what kind of leader would you be?"
日记主题
Describe a time you had to communicate an important message to your boss. What was the outcome?
Reflect on the qualities of an ideal boss. What makes a boss truly effective and respected?
Imagine you are starting your own business. What would be your main priorities as a boss?
Write about a challenging situation you faced at work and how your boss handled it, or how you would have handled it if you were the boss.
Discuss the differences between being an employee and being a boss. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of each role?
常见问题
10 个问题Both 'patrão' and 'chefe' translate to 'boss' and are often used interchangeably in everyday Portuguese. However, 'patrão' more strongly implies ownership of the business or the ultimate authority, while 'chefe' can refer to any manager or supervisor, even if they don't own the company. Think of 'patrão' as the owner-boss and 'chefe' as the manager-boss. In many informal situations, the distinction is blurred.
Primarily, 'patrão' is a masculine noun. For a female boss, the specific term is 'patroa'. However, in some informal contexts or when referring to the abstract concept of a boss without emphasizing gender, 'patrão' might be used generically. It's generally safer and more precise to use 'patroa' for a female boss.
Yes, 'patrão' can sometimes be used figuratively. For example, someone might say 'Ele é o patrão da bola' (He is the boss of the ball) to mean he controls the situation completely. It can also be used informally to describe someone who acts bossy or authoritative, like 'Ele está a fazer o patrão'. The core meaning of employer/boss, however, remains the most common.
The word 'patrão' comes from the Latin word 'patronus', which originally meant 'protector' or 'defender'. Over time, its meaning evolved through stages like 'master' and 'head of household' to its current meaning of 'boss' or 'employer', retaining a sense of authority and responsibility.
You would say 'o meu patrão' if your boss is male, or 'a minha patroa' if your boss is female. If you are referring to the boss of someone else, you would use 'o patrão dele/dela' (his/her boss) or 'o patrão seu/sua' (his/her boss - more formal/regional).
'Patrão' is generally considered a neutral to informal word. It's the most common term used in everyday conversations about work. For very formal contexts, like legal documents, the word 'empregador' (employer) is more appropriate.
Common mistakes include confusing it with its opposite, 'empregado' (employee), misusing the gender (using 'patrão' for a female boss when 'patroa' is preferred), or using it for authority figures who are not employers, like teachers or doctors. Pronunciation of the nasal 'ão' sound is also crucial.
Yes, it can. While 'patrão' often implies active management, it primarily refers to the employer. If someone owns a company and hires managers, they are still the 'patrão', even if they delegate the day-to-day tasks. The term emphasizes their role as the ultimate employer and decision-maker.
The plural of 'patrão' is 'patrões'. This refers to multiple bosses or employers.
Yes, it's helpful to know 'chefe' (boss, manager), 'empregado' (employee), 'trabalhador' (worker), 'gerente' (manager), and 'empregador' (employer). Understanding the nuances between these words will help you use 'patrão' more accurately.
自我测试 10 个问题
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'patrão' in Portuguese refers to your boss or employer, the person who hires you and pays you for your work. It's a fundamental term in understanding professional relationships and workplace dynamics in Portuguese-speaking contexts.
- The Portuguese word 'patrão' means boss or employer.
- It refers to the person who hires and pays others for their work.
- You'll hear it in contexts about jobs and businesses.
- It's a common word for the head of a company or a self-employed person's boss.
Context is Key
Always consider the context when using 'patrão'. While it's the most common word for boss, ensure you're not using it for a teacher, doctor, or other authority figure who isn't an employer. If the boss is female, 'patroa' is the more specific term.
Master the Nasal 'ão'
The 'ão' sound in 'patrão' is a nasal diphthong. Practice making this sound by letting air pass through your nose. It's crucial for clear pronunciation and avoiding confusion with words like 'padrão'.
Know Your Opposites
To truly understand 'patrão', learn its antonyms: 'empregado', 'trabalhador', and 'funcionário'. Knowing these words will solidify your understanding of the employer-employee dynamic.
Respectful Communication
In many Portuguese-speaking cultures, the relationship with a 'patrão' can be significant. While 'patrão' is a standard term, be mindful of the power dynamics. Using respectful language when referring to or addressing your 'patrão' is always advisable.
例句
O meu patrão é muito exigente, mas justo.
相关内容
更多work词汇
a curto prazo
A2短期内。我们需要一个短期解决方案。
à exceção de
B1With the exception of; apart from.
a longo prazo
A2Over a long period of time; long-term.
a não ser que
A2意思是“除非”或“如果不”。
a partir de
A2从……开始；从……起。 “从明天起，我要开始学习。” “价格从10欧元起。”
a prazo
A2For a period of time; on credit or payment terms.
a tempo inteiro
B1Full-time; working the full number of hours considered normal for a job.
a tempo parcial
B1兼职工作在零售业非常普遍。
abdicar
A2To give up, to abdicate; to renounce or relinquish a throne, right, power, or claim.
acessível
B1可访问的，负担得起的。容易接近、理解或支付的。
