공고하다 في 30 ثانية
- 공고하다 means to officially announce or post a public notice, typically used by organizations or government bodies.
- It is a formal verb derived from Hanja (公 - public, 告 - tell) and is rarely used in casual, personal contexts.
- Commonly seen on bulletin boards, official websites, and in news regarding recruitment, schedules, or new policies.
- It differs from '알리다' (inform) by its high level of formality and institutional authority.
The Korean verb 공고하다 (公告--) is a formal term that translates to 'to announce,' 'to post a notice,' or 'to make a public notification.' It is composed of two Hanja characters: 공 (公), meaning 'public' or 'official,' and 고 (告), meaning 'to tell' or 'to inform.' Therefore, its literal essence is to inform the public about something in an official capacity. Unlike the everyday verb '알리다' (to let someone know), 공고하다 carries a weight of authority and formality, typically used by institutions, governments, or organizations.
- Official Context
- This word is most frequently encountered in administrative settings. When a university announces the dates for enrollment, or when the government releases a new policy for public review, they are '공고'ing that information. It implies that the information is now accessible to everyone and often marks the beginning of a legal or procedural timeline.
정부는 새로운 채용 계획을 공고했다.
In terms of usage, you will rarely hear this in a casual conversation between friends. You wouldn't say, 'I'm going to 공고 my birthday party to my friends.' Instead, you would use it when discussing formal procedures. It is the language of bulletin boards, official websites, and newspapers. When you see a large poster on a subway wall detailing construction schedules or a pop-up on a government portal about tax changes, the act of putting that information there is described by this verb.
- Legal Implications
- In many legal contexts, a '공고' is a requirement for a law or regulation to take effect. If a city council passes a new parking ordinance but fails to '공고하다' (publicly announce) it, the ordinance might be legally unenforceable because the citizens were not properly notified via official channels.
입찰 결과를 홈페이지에 공고하여 주시기 바랍니다.
Furthermore, the word is often used in the form of a noun-verb combination: 공고를 내다 (to put out a notice). This is a very common idiomatic way to express the act of publishing an announcement. Whether it's a 'recruitment notice' (채용 공고) or an 'auction notice' (경매 공고), the verb '공고하다' serves as the functional backbone for all public dissemination of institutional information in Korea.
Using 공고하다 correctly requires an understanding of its formal register. It typically follows the structure [Subject]이/가 [Object]을/를 [Location]에 공고하다. The subject is almost always an organization, and the location is usually an official platform like a website, newspaper, or bulletin board.
- Common Subject-Object Pairs
- Subjects: 시청 (City Hall), 학교 (School), 회사 (Company), 위원회 (Committee).
Objects: 일정 (Schedule), 결과 (Results), 계획 (Plan), 모집 (Recruitment).
대학교에서 신입생 모집 요강을 공고했습니다.
Because it is a formal verb, it is frequently used in the passive or causative forms in administrative documents. For example, 공고되다 (to be announced) is very common when the focus is on the information itself rather than the entity doing the announcing. You might see sentences like '시험 날짜가 공고되었습니다' (The exam date has been announced).
- Sentence Patterns
- 1. [Noun]에 관하여 공고하다 (To announce regarding [Noun])
2. [Noun]을/를 공고할 예정이다 (Planning to announce [Noun])
3. [Noun]이/가 공고되는 즉시 (As soon as [Noun] is announced)
합격자 명단은 내일 오전 10시에 공고할 것입니다.
In professional writing, you might also see it paired with '지체 없이' (without delay). For example, '결과를 지체 없이 공고해야 한다' (The results must be announced without delay). This emphasizes the procedural necessity of the action. Remember that the goal of '공고하다' is transparency; it is the act of bringing information into the public light so that all stakeholders are aware.
If you are living in Korea or consuming Korean media, you will encounter 공고하다 primarily in 'official' spaces. One of the most common places is the bulletin board (게시판) of an apartment complex or a school. Announcements about elevator maintenance, water shut-offs, or school holidays are often titled with '공고' and use the verb '공고합니다' at the end of the text.
- The Workplace
- In a corporate environment, Human Resources (HR) uses this word constantly. When a new position opens up, they '채용 공고를 내다' (put out a hiring notice). If there is a change in company policy regarding remote work, the CEO or HR department will '공고하다' the new rules on the company intranet.
사내 게시판에 휴가 규정 변경 건을 공고했습니다.
Television news is another major source. News anchors use this word when reporting on government decrees or public exam schedules (like the Suneung or Civil Service exams). They might say, '교육부가 올해 시험 일정을 공고했습니다' (The Ministry of Education has announced this year's exam schedule). It signals to the audience that this is a finalized, official piece of information from a reliable source.
- Public Spaces
- Subway stations frequently '공고' changes in train schedules or station renovations. These are usually printed on large white posters with bold black or blue text. If you see the word '공고' at the top of a poster, it means 'Read this; it's an official announcement that affects you.'
지하철 공사로 인한 출구 폐쇄를 공고하고 있습니다.
Lastly, in the digital age, '공고하다' has moved to social media and apps. Official apps for city services (like 'Seoul Talk') will send push notifications that function as a digital version of '공고'. Even though the medium has changed, the formal nature of the word remains the same—it is not a 'chat' or a 'post' (포스팅), but an 'official notice' (공고).
For English speakers learning Korean, the most common mistake with 공고하다 is using it in the wrong register or for the wrong type of information. Because 'announce' in English can be used for both a wedding and a government tax hike, learners often over-apply 공고하다 to personal situations.
- The 'Personal' Mistake
- Mistake: '친구들에게 제 결혼을 공고했어요' (I announced my marriage to my friends).
Correct: '친구들에게 제 결혼 소식을 알렸어요' (I let my friends know the news of my marriage).
Reasoning: 공고하다 is too formal and institutional for personal news. It makes you sound like a government agency announcing your own wedding.
비공식적인 자리에서는 공고하다 대신 '알리다'를 쓰세요.
Another common point of confusion is between 공고하다 and 발표하다 (to announce/present). While they overlap, 발표하다 is used for results, research, or a public statement (like a press release). 공고하다 is more about the physical or digital act of posting a notice for procedural purposes. You '발표' a new product, but you '공고' the recruitment period for the team making that product.
- Confusing with '게시하다'
- Learners often use '게시하다' (to post) and '공고하다' interchangeably. While similar, '게시하다' focuses on the physical action of putting something on a board (like a poster), whereas '공고하다' focuses on the official communication of that information. You can '게시' a funny meme on a board, but you cannot '공고' it.
이 내용은 공식적인 것이니 공고해야 합니다.
Finally, ensure you use the correct particles. Since it is a transitive verb, you must use the object particle -을/를 for the thing being announced. Beginners sometimes use -이/가, which changes the meaning to the passive form (공고되다) without the necessary grammatical adjustment.
Korean has several words for 'announcing' or 'informing,' and choosing the right one depends entirely on the context and the level of formality required. Let's compare 공고하다 with its closest relatives.
- 공고하다 vs. 알리다
- '알리다' is the general-purpose word for 'to inform.' It can be used for anything from telling a friend about a sale to a teacher telling students about homework. '공고하다' is the high-formality version used by institutions for public notices.
- 공고하다 vs. 게시하다
- '게시하다' (揭示--) means 'to post' or 'to display.' It emphasizes the act of putting a notice where people can see it. '공고하다' emphasizes the legal or official act of notification. You '게시' (post) a '공고' (notice).
- 공고하다 vs. 발표하다
- '발표하다' (發表--) means 'to present' or 'to release.' It's used for results, research, or news. '공고하다' is specifically for procedural announcements (dates, rules, recruitment).
시험 결과를 발표하는 것과 시험 일정을 공고하는 것은 다릅니다.
For even more formal or legal contexts, you might encounter 공포하다 (公布--) or 고시하다 (告示--). 공포하다 is used for the official promulgation of laws or constitutions by the head of state. 고시하다 is a technical term used when a government agency officially notifies the public of a decision that has legal effect, often found in the 'Government Gazette' (관보).
In some cases, 통보하다 (通報--) might be an alternative. However, 통보하다 usually implies a one-to-one or one-to-many direct notification (like a 'notice of dismissal' or a 'notice of result'), whereas 공고하다 is always broad and public. Choosing between these words will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise to native speakers.
How Formal Is It?
حقيقة ممتعة
The '공' (公) in '공고' is the same '공' found in '공무원' (public servant) and '공원' (public park), emphasizing its public nature.
دليل النطق
- Pronouncing '공' as 'gang' (like in English 'gong'). It should be a closed 'o'.
- Making the 'h' in 'hada' too strong or silent.
- Confusing the pitch with the adjective version which might have different prosody in some dialects.
مستوى الصعوبة
Common in written notices, easy to spot but requires Hanja knowledge for deep understanding.
Requires knowledge of formal sentence endings and particles.
Rarely used in speech except in professional or formal settings.
Heard often in news or public announcements.
ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك
المتطلبات الأساسية
تعلّم لاحقاً
متقدم
أمثلة حسب المستوى
학교에서 공고를 했어요.
The school made an announcement.
Simple past tense of 공고하다.
이것은 공고입니다.
This is a notice.
Noun form '공고' used with the copula '이다'.
선생님이 시험을 공고했어요.
The teacher announced the exam.
Subject-Object-Verb structure.
게시판에 공고가 있어요.
There is a notice on the bulletin board.
Existence verb '있다' with noun '공고'.
공고를 읽으세요.
Please read the notice.
Imperative form '-으세요'.
언제 공고해요?
When do you announce it?
Interrogative sentence.
오늘 공고가 나왔어요.
The notice came out today.
Noun '공고' as the subject.
그 공고는 중요해요.
That notice is important.
Adjective '중요하다' describing the notice.
시청에서 새 규칙을 공고했습니다.
The city hall announced the new rules.
Formal polite ending '-습니다'.
홈페이지에서 합격자를 공고할 거예요.
They will announce the successful candidates on the homepage.
Future tense '-ㄹ 거예요'.
내일 모집 공고가 납니다.
The recruitment notice will be released tomorrow.
Present tense used for scheduled future.
이 내용을 사람들에게 공고해야 해요.
We must announce this content to the people.
Obligation form '-해야 하다'.
장학금 일정을 아직 공고하지 않았어요.
They haven't announced the scholarship schedule yet.
Negative past tense '-지 않았다'.
공고를 보고 연락했습니다.
I saw the notice and contacted you.
Connecting particle '-고'.
어디에 공고하면 좋을까요?
Where would be a good place to announce it?
Conditional '-면' with '-을까요'.
회사에서 휴가를 공고했습니다.
The company announced the vacation.
Standard formal usage.
시험 날짜가 드디어 공고되었습니다.
The exam date has finally been announced.
Passive form '공고되다'.
구인 공고를 보고 지원하게 되었습니다.
I ended up applying after seeing the job notice.
Resultative form '-게 되다'.
정부는 새로운 방역 지침을 공고했다.
The government announced the new quarantine guidelines.
Plain style '-다' used in news/writing.
변경 사항은 게시판에 공고할 예정입니다.
Changes are scheduled to be announced on the bulletin board.
Expression '-ㄹ 예정이다'.
공고된 내용과 실제가 다를 수 있습니다.
The announced content may differ from reality.
Modifier form '공고된'.
입찰 공고가 나오기를 기다리고 있어요.
I am waiting for the bidding notice to come out.
Nominalizer '-기' with '기다리다'.
모든 학생이 볼 수 있게 공고해 주세요.
Please announce it so that all students can see.
Adverbial '-게' for purpose.
공고를 통해 사실을 확인했습니다.
I confirmed the facts through the notice.
Particle '-를 통해' (through).
법무부는 개정안을 관보에 공고하였다.
The Ministry of Justice announced the amendment in the government gazette.
Formal literary style '-였다'.
채용 공고가 마감되기 전에 서류를 제출하세요.
Submit your documents before the hiring notice closes.
Time clause '-기 전에'.
주민들의 의견을 수렴한 후 공고할 계획입니다.
We plan to announce it after gathering the residents' opinions.
Sequential '-한 후'.
공고문에 기재된 사항을 꼼꼼히 읽어 보십시오.
Please read the items listed in the announcement carefully.
Honorific imperative '-십시오'.
재공고를 통해 더 많은 지원자를 모집하고 있습니다.
We are recruiting more applicants through a re-announcement.
Prefix '재-' (re-).
해당 부서는 이 사업을 조속히 공고해야 한다.
The relevant department must announce this project promptly.
Adverb '조속히' (promptly).
공고가 난 지 일주일이 지났습니다.
A week has passed since the notice was released.
Time duration '-ㄴ 지'.
입찰 참가 자격은 공고문에 명시되어 있습니다.
The qualifications for bidding are specified in the announcement.
Passive state '-어 있다'.
행정 절차에 따라 해당 계획을 공고할 의무가 있다.
There is an obligation to announce the plan according to administrative procedures.
Noun '의무' (obligation).
공고가 누락될 경우 법적 효력이 발생하지 않을 수 있다.
If the announcement is omitted, it may not have legal effect.
Conditional '-ㄹ 경우'.
위원장은 회의 결과를 즉각 공고할 것을 지시했다.
The chairperson ordered the immediate announcement of the meeting results.
Indirect order '-을 것을 지시하다'.
사전에 공고되지 않은 사항은 무효로 처리됩니다.
Items not announced in advance will be treated as invalid.
Adverb '사전에' (in advance).
공고 기간 동안 이의 신청을 접수받습니다.
Objections will be accepted during the announcement period.
Time period '- 동안'.
본 공고는 관계 법령에 근거하여 작성되었습니다.
This announcement was prepared based on relevant laws.
Particle '-에 근거하여'.
공고의 내용을 임의로 변경해서는 안 됩니다.
The contents of the announcement must not be changed arbitrarily.
Prohibition '-해서는 안 된다'.
선거구 획정안을 국민들에게 공고하였다.
The electoral district delimitation plan was announced to the public.
Technical term '획정안'.
당국은 신도시 개발 계획의 공람 및 공고를 실시했다.
The authorities conducted the public inspection and announcement of the new city development plan.
Formal compound noun '공람 및 공고'.
공고의 효력 발생 시점은 관보 게재일로부터 기산한다.
The time the announcement takes effect is calculated from the date of publication in the gazette.
Legal term '기산한다'.
입법 예고를 공고함으로써 국민의 알 권리를 보장한다.
The public's right to know is guaranteed by announcing the legislative notice.
Instrumental '-함으로써'.
공고 절차의 하자는 행정 처분의 취소 사유가 된다.
A flaw in the announcement procedure constitutes grounds for canceling the administrative action.
Noun '하자' (flaw/defect).
파산 선고가 공고되면 채권 행사가 제한될 수 있다.
Once the declaration of bankruptcy is announced, the exercise of claims may be restricted.
Conditional '-면' with passive '공고되면'.
해당 공고는 행정 지도의 일환으로 이루어졌다.
The announcement was made as part of administrative guidance.
Expression '일환으로' (as part of).
공고 내용의 진위 여부를 파악하는 것이 우선이다.
Determining the authenticity of the announcement's content is the priority.
Noun '진위 여부' (authenticity/truth).
조례안을 공고하여 주민들의 광범위한 의견을 수렴한다.
The ordinance draft is announced to gather extensive opinions from residents.
Advanced verb '수렴하다'.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— The actual written document or text of an announcement.
공고문을 자세히 읽어 보세요.
— The period during which a notice is valid or displayed.
공고 기간은 일주일입니다.
— An announcement made again, often due to a lack of applicants.
지원자가 없어 재공고를 냈다.
— The specific items or details mentioned in an announcement.
공고 사항을 준수해 주십시오.
— The medium (newspaper, website) used for the announcement.
다양한 공고 매체를 활용했다.
— The date on which the announcement was made.
공고 일자를 확인해 보세요.
— A reference number assigned to an official notice.
공고 번호 2023-01호를 확인하십시오.
— The group of people the announcement is intended for.
이번 공고 대상은 졸업생입니다.
— The method used to make the announcement.
공고 방법은 홈페이지 게시로 정해졌다.
— The legal or official effect of the announcement.
공고 효력은 내일부터 발생합니다.
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
— To physically stick or paste an announcement onto a wall.
벽보에 공고를 내붙였다.
Neutral— To announce or tell something repeatedly (figurative usage of 'announce').
그는 자기 성공을 입에 침이 마르도록 공고하고 다녔다.
Informal/Metaphorical— To make something known to the whole world.
그들은 자신들의 사랑을 세상에 공고했다.
Literary— To announce to everyone under the sun (very formal/dramatic).
왕은 새 법령을 천하에 공고하였다.
Historical/Formal— An announcement made too late (slangy/idiomatic).
이미 다 끝났는데 뒷북 공고를 하면 어떡해?
Slang— A notice that lacks transparency or detail (slangy).
이런 깜깜이 공고는 아무 도움이 안 돼.
Slang— A very sudden, last-minute announcement.
번개 공고 때문에 다들 당황했다.
Informal— A fake or non-existent announcement.
그 채용 공고는 유령 공고였다.
Informal— An announcement that is not followed by action.
그건 실행 계획 없는 말뿐인 공고였어.
Informal— To make the announcement look meaningless because things went differently.
공고가 무색하게 아무도 오지 않았다.
Neutralعائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الأفعال
الصفات
مرتبط
احفظها
وسيلة تذكّر
Think of 'Gong' (like a loud public gong) and 'Go' (to tell people to go do something). A Gong-Go is a public sound telling everyone official news.
ربط بصري
Imagine a large white poster on a dark wooden bulletin board with the word 'NOTICE' (공고) written in big, bold letters.
Word Web
تحدٍّ
Try to find one '공고' (notice) on a Korean website today and identify what is being announced.
أصل الكلمة
Derived from Sino-Korean roots (Hanja).
المعنى الأصلي: Publicly informing or telling.
Sino-Koreanالسياق الثقافي
This is a neutral, administrative word with no negative connotations, but failing to '공고' something when required can lead to legal disputes.
In English, we might use 'post a notice' or 'make an announcement,' but '공고하다' is more specific to the institutional context than the English word 'announce.'
تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية
سياقات واقعية
University
- 장학금 공고
- 성적 공고
- 모집 요강 공고
- 휴강 공고
Government
- 채용 공고
- 입법 예고 공고
- 공청회 공고
- 사업 공고
Apartment
- 단수 공고
- 소독 공고
- 주차 규칙 공고
- 엘리베이터 점검 공고
Business
- 인사 공고
- 신제품 출시 공고
- 주주총회 공고
- 합병 공고
News
Summary
The word '공고하다' is your go-to verb for 'official public announcements.' Use it when a school, company, or government agency shares important information like '채용 공고' (hiring notice) or '시험 공고' (exam notice). Example: '정부가 새 법을 공고했다' (The government announced the new law).
- 공고하다 means to officially announce or post a public notice, typically used by organizations or government bodies.
- It is a formal verb derived from Hanja (公 - public, 告 - tell) and is rarely used in casual, personal contexts.
- Commonly seen on bulletin boards, official websites, and in news regarding recruitment, schedules, or new policies.
- It differs from '알리다' (inform) by its high level of formality and institutional authority.
محتوى ذو صلة
هذه الكلمة بلغات أخرى
مزيد من كلمات business
에 대한
A2بخصوص أو يتعلق بـ؛ حول. يستخدم لربط اسمين (مثلاً: كتاب عن كوريا).
~대하여
A2تعني 'عن' أو 'بخصوص'. تُستخدم لتوضيح موضوع المحادثة أو الكتاب أو الفكرة.
대해서
A2حول؛ بخصوص.
에 대해
A2تعبير يستخدم بمعنى 'عن' أو 'بخصوص'.
풍요롭다
A2أن تكون وفيرة أو مزدهرة أو غنية.
관철하다
B2تحقيق الإرادة أو المطالب رغم الصعوبات. 'نجح في فرض وجهة نظره في الاجتماع.'
~에 따라
B1وفقاً لـ، بناءً على. يُستخدم للإشارة إلى أن شيئاً ما يعتمد على عامل آخر أو يتبع قاعدة معينة.
에 따라
A2تختلف الأسعار حسب الوقت. (حسب / وفقاً لـ)
에 의하면
B1وفقاً للأخبار، تعني هذه العبارة 'بناءً على'. على سبيل المثال: 'وفقاً للصحيفة، سيمطر غداً.'
계좌번호
A2رقم الحساب البنكي. يُستخدم للتحويلات والمدفوعات الإلكترونية في كوريا.
