A2 verb محايد #6,500 الأكثر شيوعاً 3 دقيقة للقراءة

derrubar

/dɛ.ʁuˈbaɾ/
تدرّب عليها ملاحظات ونصائح

Overview

The Portuguese verb 'derrubar' is a versatile and commonly used term that encapsulates the action of causing something to fall, typically through a forceful impact or striking motion. Its primary meaning, as you've provided, is 'to cause (something) to fall by striking it; to fell (a tree).' However, its semantic range extends beyond this literal interpretation, making it a rich and interesting verb to explore.

At its core, 'derrubar' implies a disruption of equilibrium, a forceful displacement that leads to a downward motion. When applied to an object like a tree, 'derrubar uma árvore' vividly describes the act of cutting it down, causing it to crash to the ground. This literal sense can be extended to other physical objects. For example, one might 'derrubar uma parede' (to knock down a wall) or 'derrubar um copo' (to knock over a glass).

Beyond the purely physical, 'derrubar' can also take on figurative meanings, especially in idiomatic expressions and colloquial speech. It can mean to overthrow, to depose, or to bring down a system or a person in power. For instance, 'derrubar um governo' means to overthrow a government, suggesting a significant political upheaval. Similarly, one might 'derrubar um ditador' (to depose a dictator). In this context, the 'striking' is not necessarily physical, but rather a metaphorical act of challenging and overcoming.

Another common figurative use relates to defeating or overcoming an opponent in a competition or a struggle. 'Derrubar um adversário' means to defeat an opponent, often implying a decisive victory. This can be seen in sports, debates, or even in legal contexts where one 'derruba' the arguments of the opposition.

Furthermore, 'derrubar' can also imply a reduction or a decrease, especially in expressions related to prices or values. While less common than the other uses, one might hear 'derrubar os preços' to mean to drastically lower prices, as if 'knocking them down.'

Grammatically, 'derrubar' is a regular verb ending in -ar, making its conjugations straightforward in most tenses. It is a transitive verb, meaning it typically requires a direct object (the thing that is being caused to fall). For example, in 'Eu derrubei a garrafa' (I knocked over the bottle), 'a garrafa' is the direct object.

In summary, 'derrubar' is a dynamic verb with a core meaning of causing something to fall through striking, but it gracefully extends its meaning to encompass overthrowing, defeating, and even, in some contexts, reducing. Understanding these various shades of meaning is crucial for truly grasping the nuances of the Portuguese language.

أمثلة

1

Madeira! (Ao derrubar uma árvore)

Timber! (When felling a tree)

تلازمات شائعة

derrubar uma árvore
derrubar um muro
derrubar um governo
derrubar recordes

يُخلط عادةً مع

derrubar vs w

80+ WORDS

أنماط نحوية

derrubar o governo derrubar uma árvore derrubar um inimigo

كيفية الاستخدام

When using 'derrubar', it's important to consider the context to convey the precise nuance. While its core meaning is 'to cause something to fall by striking it', its application varies widely. For instance, in a literal sense, one might 'derrubar uma árvore' (to fell a tree) or 'derrubar um muro' (to knock down a wall). However, its usage extends to more abstract situations. 'Derrubar um recorde' means to break a record, implying a decisive overcoming of a previous achievement. 'Derrubar um mito' means to debunk a myth, suggesting the dismantling of a false belief. In political discourse, 'derrubar um regime' signifies overthrowing a political system, often through significant effort or upheaval. It's crucial to differentiate 'derrubar' from synonyms like 'cair' (to fall, intransitive) or 'deitar' (to lay down), as 'derrubar' always implies an active agent causing the fall. The past participle 'derrubado' can describe something that has been felled or brought down, for example, 'a árvore derrubada' (the felled tree). The choice of 'derrubar' often highlights the deliberate and impactful nature of the action.

أخطاء شائعة

One common mistake is confusing 'derrubar' with 'cair' (to fall). 'Derrubar' implies an action performed by someone to make something fall, while 'cair' means something falls on its own. Another mistake is using it for general falling of a person; for that, 'cair' or 'tropeçar' (to trip) are more appropriate. Ensure to use the correct prepositions; for example, 'derrubar algo no chão' (to knock something to the ground).

نصائح

💡

Synonyms for 'derrubar'

Some common synonyms for 'derrubar' include: * **abater** (to bring down, to fell) * **deitar abaixo** (to throw down, to knock down) * **demolir** (to demolish, to pull down) * **derribar** (to knock down, to overthrow) * **afligir** (to afflict, to distress) - *when referring to bringing someone down emotionally* * **vencer** (to defeat, to overcome) - *when referring to defeating an opponent or overcoming an obstacle* * **frustrar** (to frustrate, to thwart) - *when referring to bringing down hopes or plans* * **cortar** (to cut) - *specifically for cutting down a tree*

💡

Common Pitfalls and Nuances of 'derrubar'

While 'derrubar' generally means 'to knock down' or 'to fell', there are some nuances to be aware of: * **Physical vs. Figurative:** 'Derrubar' can be used physically (e.g., 'derrubar uma árvore' - to fell a tree) or figuratively (e.g., 'derrubar um governo' - to overthrow a government). * **Intent:** It often implies an intentional act of causing something to fall, rather than something falling accidentally. For accidental falling, verbs like 'cair' (to fall) might be more appropriate. * **Context is Key:** The precise meaning can change depending on the context. For example, 'derrubar um copo' means 'to knock over a glass,' while 'derrubar um recorde' means 'to break a record.' * **Emotional Impact:** In some contexts, 'derrubar' can imply bringing someone down emotionally, but this is less common than its physical sense. For emotional impact, 'abater' or 'desanimar' might be more suitable.

💡

How to Use 'derrubar' Effectively

To use 'derrubar' effectively, consider the following: * **Direct Object:** 'Derrubar' almost always takes a direct object, which is the thing being knocked down or felled. (e.g., 'Ele derrubou a parede.' - He knocked down the wall.) * **Prepositions:** While 'derrubar' doesn't typically require a preposition for its direct object, you might see prepositions like 'de' (from) or 'ao chão' (to the ground) for added emphasis on the direction of the fall. (e.g., 'Derrubou a caneta da mesa.' - He knocked the pen off the table.) * **Transitive Verb:** Remember it's a transitive verb, meaning it requires an object to complete its meaning. * **Figurative Expressions:** Be mindful of common figurative expressions where 'derrubar' is used. For instance: * **Derrubar um recorde:** To break a record. * **Derrubar um governo:** To overthrow a government. * **Derrubar uma ideia:** To debunk an idea. * **Common Collocations:** Think of words that often go with 'derrubar': 'árvore' (tree), 'muro' (wall), 'copo' (glass), 'governo' (government), 'recorde' (record).

السياق الثقافي

The verb 'derrubar' in Portuguese carries significant cultural weight, often extending beyond its literal meaning of 'to fell' or 'to knock down'. In a broader sense, it can evoke imagery of overcoming obstacles, dismantling oppressive structures, or even metaphorically 'bringing down' a powerful figure or system. This can be seen in expressions like 'derrubar um governo' (to overthrow a government) or 'derrubar barreiras' (to break down barriers). It also appears in more casual, yet culturally resonant contexts, such as 'derrubar um copo' (to knock over a glass), which, while simple, points to the everyday occurrences where the word is used. The act of 'derrubar' can be associated with change, sometimes disruptive, sometimes necessary, and thus its cultural resonance is tied to both the physical act of falling and the symbolic act of transformation or defeat. It can also imply a sense of finality or decisive action. In sports, 'derrubar o adversário' (to take down the opponent) is common. The word is deeply embedded in the language, reflecting a dynamic and often challenging view of interaction with the world and its structures.

نصيحة للحفظ

Think of 'derrubar' as 'to de-root a tree' or 'to bring down with a 'thud' (similar to 'thump' sound).

الأسئلة الشائعة

4 أسئلة

'Derrubar' is a Portuguese verb that primarily means to cause something to fall by striking it, or to fell a tree. It can also have several other nuanced meanings depending on the context. For example, it can mean to knock down, throw down, pull down, bring down, cut down, or even overthrow. It implies an action that results in something or someone being moved from an upright or stable position to a fallen or lower position, often with some force involved. It's a versatile verb that can be applied to physical objects, people, or even abstract concepts like governments or records.

You can use 'derrubar' in various ways. For instance, 'Ele tentou derrubar a árvore com um machado' means 'He tried to fell the tree with an axe.' Another example is, 'O vento forte derrubou a cerca' (The strong wind knocked down the fence). In a more figurative sense, you might say, 'A oposição conseguiu derrubar o governo' (The opposition managed to overthrow the government). It can also be used in sports, like 'O lutador conseguiu derrubar o oponente' (The fighter managed to take down the opponent).

Yes, there are several synonyms for 'derrubar' depending on the specific nuance you want to convey. Some common synonyms include 'deitar abaixo' (to lay down/knock down), 'abater' (to fell, to shoot down, to bring down), 'demolir' (to demolish), 'arruinar' (to ruin, to bring down), 'subverter' (to subvert, to overthrow), 'atingir' (to hit, to strike, which can lead to something falling), and 'desmoronar' (to collapse, often implying something falling apart). The best synonym will depend on the precise context of the sentence.

Yes, 'derrubar' appears in some common expressions. One example is 'derrubar barreiras,' which means 'to break down barriers,' often referring to overcoming obstacles or prejudices. Another common use is 'derrubar um recorde,' meaning 'to break a record,' in the sense of surpassing a previous achievement. You might also hear 'derrubar um adversário,' which means 'to defeat an opponent,' particularly in sports or competitions. These expressions show how the core meaning of 'bringing something down' extends to more abstract concepts.

اختبر نفسك

fill blank

A tempestade forte pode ________ árvores.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
fill blank

Ele tentou ________ a parede com um martelo.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
fill blank

O vento forte ameaça ________ o poste de luz.

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:

النتيجة: /3

محتوى ذو صلة

هل كان هذا مفيداً؟

التعليقات (0)

تسجيل الدخول للتعليق
لا توجد تعليقات بعد. كن أول من يشارك أفكاره!