B2 Expressions & Patterns 10 min read Fácil

Por poco: Estuve a punto de... (-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다)

Usa «-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다» para describir esos momentos de ¡por poco! donde algo casi ocurre pero finalmente no pasó.

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 to describe a situation that almost happened but didn't actually occur.

  • Attach -(으)ㄹ to the verb stem.
  • Follow with 뻔하다 (often conjugated to 뻔했다).
  • Use it only for negative or dangerous events you avoided.
Verb Stem + (으)ㄹ + 뻔하다

Overview

¿Alguna vez has tenido ese momento de infarto en el que tu móvil se resbala de la mano, pero lo atrapas a un centímetro del suelo? En coreano, cuando quieres hablar de estos 'estuve a punto de', usas -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다. Es el equivalente lingüístico a un gran suspiro de alivio.
Piensa en este patrón como tu botón de 'por poco'. Se usa cuando una situación se dirigía hacia un resultado específico, pero dio un giro brusco en el último segundo. Casi siempre lo oirás en pasado, -(으)ㄹ 뻔했다, porque el evento ya terminó cuando hablas de él.
Es súper común en el día a día, desde quejas por el tráfico hasta historias con amigos.

How This Grammar Works

Este patrón se une a verbos para describir algo que casi sucede. La parte -(으)ㄹ es un modificador de futuro, lo cual tiene sentido porque la acción estaba 'a punto de' ocurrir. La palabra significa 'un suceso cercano'.
Junto con 하다, da el sentido de 'casi hacer algo'. Generalmente se usa para eventos negativos o no deseados.

Formation Pattern

1
Crear esta forma es muy directo. Solo mira la raíz del verbo:
2
Para raíces que terminan en vocal, añade -ㄹ 뻔하다.
3
가다갈 뻔하다
4
Para raíces que terminan en consonante, añade -을 뻔하다.
5
먹다먹을 뻔하다
6
Para raíces que terminan en , solo añade 뻔하다.
7
울다울 뻔하다
8
Recuerda usarlo casi siempre en pasado: -(으)ㄹ 뻔했다.

When To Use It

Úsalo para contar historias dramáticas sobre cosas que casi salen mal:
  • Accidentes: 넘어질 뻔했어요! (¡Casi me caigo!).
  • Olvidos: 깜빡할 뻔했다! (¡Casi se me olvida!).
  • Emociones fuertes: 울 뻔했어요 (Casi lloro).

Common Mistakes

El mayor error es usarlo para cosas que *realmente pasaron*. Si dices 지각할 뻔했어요, estás diciendo que no llegaste tarde. Además, no olvides usar el tiempo pasado.

Contrast With Similar Patterns

-(으)려고 하다 es sobre intención (planeabas hacerlo). -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 es sobre circunstancia (casi sucede sin que lo planearas).

Quick FAQ

Q

¿Puedo usarlo para 'casi olvido'?

¡Sí! 잊을 뻔했어요 es perfecto.

Conjugation Table

Verb Stem Pattern Full Form
가다
ㄹ 뻔하다
갈 뻔했다
먹다
을 뻔하다
먹을 뻔했다
보다
ㄹ 뻔하다
볼 뻔했다
읽다
을 뻔하다
읽을 뻔했다
만들다
만드
ㄹ 뻔하다
만들 뻔했다
웃다
을 뻔하다
웃을 뻔했다

Meanings

This pattern expresses that a specific event was on the verge of occurring but was ultimately avoided or failed to happen.

1

Near-miss

An event that was very close to happening.

“길에서 넘어질 뻔했어요.”

“시험에 떨어질 뻔했어.”

2

Exaggerated near-miss

Used to emphasize how close a situation was.

“너무 웃겨서 죽을 뻔했어.”

“배고파서 쓰러질 뻔했다.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Por poco: Estuve a punto de... (-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다)
Tipo de raíz Regla gramatical Verbo de ejemplo Forma resultante
Termina en vocal
Añadir -ㄹ 뻔하다
가다 (ir)
갈 뻔했다
Termina en consonante
Añadir -을 뻔하다
먹다 (comer)
먹을 뻔했다
Consonante ㄹ
Añadir 뻔하다
울다 (llorar)
울 뻔했다
Batchim ㅂ
ㅂ -> 우 + ㄹ 뻔하다
굽다 (quemar)
구울 뻔했다
Batchim ㄷ
ㄷ -> ㄹ + 을 뻔하다
듣다 (escuchar)
들을 뻔했다
Olvidar (Común)
Añadir -을 뻔하다
잊다 (olvidar)
잊을 뻔했다

Espectro de formalidad

Formal
버스를 놓칠 뻔했습니다.

버스를 놓칠 뻔했습니다. (Commute)

Neutral
버스를 놓칠 뻔했어요.

버스를 놓칠 뻔했어요. (Commute)

Informal
버스 놓칠 뻔했어.

버스 놓칠 뻔했어. (Commute)

Jerga
버스 놓칠 뻔!

버스 놓칠 뻔! (Commute)

Cuándo usar -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다

-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다

Accidentes

  • 넘어지다 Caerse
  • 부딪치다 Chocar

Errores

  • 잊다 Olvidar
  • 놓치다 Perder/Perderse

Emociones

  • 울다 Llorar
  • 웃다 Reír

Casi Sucedió vs. Intención

-(으)ㄹ 뻔했다
갈 뻔했어요 Casi voy (por accidente/por poco).
-(으)려고 했다
가려고 했어요 Tenía la intención de ir (mi plan).

Cómo conjugar -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다

1

¿La raíz termina en vocal?

YES
Añadir -ㄹ 뻔했다
NO
Revisar si hay ㄹ
2

¿La raíz termina en ㄹ?

YES
Añadir 뻔했다
NO
Añadir -을 뻔했다

Verbos comunes con -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다

⚠️

Percances diarios

  • 지각하다 (llegar tarde)
  • 놓치다 (perder el bus)
  • 잊다 (olvidar)
🏃

Eventos físicos

  • 넘어지다 (caerse)
  • 부딪치다 (chocar)
  • 떨어뜨리다 (soltar/caer)

Ejemplos por nivel

1

넘어질 뻔했어요.

I almost fell.

1

지각할 뻔했어요.

I almost was late.

1

하마터면 버스를 놓칠 뻔했어요.

I almost missed the bus.

1

너무 웃겨서 죽을 뻔했어요.

I almost died laughing.

1

그 사실을 말할 뻔했네요.

I almost told that fact.

1

하마터면 큰 실수를 저지를 뻔했습니다.

I almost made a big mistake.

Fácil de confundir

Close Calls: Almost... (-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다) vs 거의 vs -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다

Both mean 'almost'.

Close Calls: Almost... (-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다) vs -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 vs -(으)ㄹ 것 같다

Both involve future/past speculation.

Close Calls: Almost... (-(으)ㄹ 뻔하다) vs -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다 vs -을 뻔했다

Tense confusion.

Errores comunes

먹을 뻔해요 (for a good meal)

맛있게 먹었어요

Don't use for positive events.

넘어질 뻔했다 (in formal setting)

넘어질 뻔했습니다

Use correct formality.

거의 넘어졌어요

넘어질 뻔했어요

Use 뻔하다 for near-misses.

넘어질 뻔하다

넘어질 뻔했다

Needs past tense.

지각할 뻔했어 (to boss)

지각할 뻔했습니다

Use formal speech.

거의 늦을 뻔했어

늦을 뻔했어

Don't double up on almost.

죽을 뻔했다 (for a small joke)

웃겨 죽는 줄 알았다

Use appropriate hyperbole.

비가 올 뻔했다 (when it didn't rain)

비가 올 것 같았다

Use for events you avoided.

시험을 통과할 뻔했다

시험에 떨어질 뻔했다

Only for negative events.

그를 만날 뻔했다 (when you wanted to meet him)

그를 만날 뻔했다 (only if you didn't want to)

Context matters.

실수를 저지를 뻔했어 (in a formal report)

실수를 저지를 뻔했습니다

Maintain register.

그것을 말할 뻔했다 (in a formal speech)

그것을 언급할 뻔했습니다

Use formal vocabulary.

거의 죽을 뻔했다 (when you were actually sick)

죽을 뻔했다

Don't use '거의' with '뻔하다'.

그렇게 할 뻔했다

그렇게 할 뻔했습니다

Formal ending.

Patrones de oraciones

하마터면 ___ 뻔했어요.

너무 웃겨서 ___ 뻔했어요.

___ 뻔했네요.

___ 뻔했어.

Real World Usage

Texting very common

버스 놓칠 뻔했어 ㅠㅠ

Social Media common

오늘 진짜 죽을 뻔함 ㅋㅋㅋ

Job Interview occasional

실수할 뻔했습니다.

Travel common

여권을 잃어버릴 뻔했어요.

Food Delivery occasional

음식을 쏟을 뻔했어요.

Daily Life constant

넘어질 뻔했네.

🎯

El potenciador de drama

Acompaña siempre esta estructura con «하마터면» para que tu historia suene mucho más natural y emocionante: «하마터면 사고가 날 뻔했어요.»
⚠️

Solo en tiempo pasado

Como hablas de un evento que ya no sucedió, siempre debes usar la forma en pasado: «사고가 날 뻔했어요.»
💬

La exageración es clave

Es súper común decir que casi mueres de hambre, cansancio o vergüenza para enfatizar tu estado: «배고파서 죽을 뻔했어.»

Smart Tips

Use '하마터면' to start your sentence for drama.

버스를 놓칠 뻔했어요. 하마터면 버스를 놓칠 뻔했어요!

Use '죽을 뻔했다' for extreme feelings.

너무 힘들었어요. 힘들어서 죽을 뻔했어요.

Always use '뻔했습니다'.

실수할 뻔했어요. 실수할 뻔했습니다.

Check if the event is negative.

복권에 당첨될 뻔했어요. 복권에 당첨될 뻔해서 다행이에요 (Incorrect - use '거의' or other).

Pronunciación

ppon-hal-ppon-hae-sseo

Liaison

The 'ㄹ' in '뻔할' often links to the next vowel.

Rising at the end

넘어질 뻔했어요↗?

Asking if someone almost fell.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of '뻔' as 'phew'—the sound you make when you avoid a disaster.

Asociación visual

Imagine a person slipping on a banana peel but catching themselves at the last second, shouting 'Phew!'

Rhyme

Almost happened, don't you fret, just add 뻔했다 to the net.

Story

I was walking to the store. I tripped on a rock. I almost fell. I said, 'Phew, 넘어질 뻔했다!'

Word Web

하마터면거의실수사고다행이다위험

Desafío

Write 3 sentences about things that almost happened to you today.

Notas culturales

Koreans use this often to express relief. It's a way of sharing a small, relatable struggle.

Derived from the verb '뻔하다' which means 'to be obvious' or 'to be on the verge of'.

Inicios de conversación

오늘 위험한 일 있었어요?

오늘 지각할 뻔했나요?

가장 웃겼던 기억이 뭐예요?

실수할 뻔한 적 있어요?

Temas para diario

Write about a time you almost missed a flight.
Describe a funny moment today.
Did you almost forget anything today?
Reflect on a work mistake you avoided.

Errores comunes

Incorrect

Correcto


Incorrect

Correcto


Incorrect

Correcto


Incorrect

Correcto

Test Yourself

Rellena el espacio en blanco con la forma correcta de '잊다' (olvidar).

우산을 지하철에 ___ 뻔했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 잊을
Para decir 'casi olvidé', usas el modificador de futuro -(으)ㄹ con 뻔하다. Como 잊다 termina en consonante, se convierte en 잊을.
¿Qué oración significa correctamente 'Casi me caigo'?

Elige la oración correcta:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 넘어질 뻔했어요.
넘어지다 termina en vocal, así que añades -ㄹ 뻔하다 para formar 넘어질 뻔하다.
Encuentra el error en esta oración: '버스 놓칠 뻔해요.'

버스 놓칠 뻔해요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 버스 놓칠 뻔했어요.
Los eventos que casi ocurren son sucesos que ya pasaron en el tiempo, por lo que se requiere el pasado '뻔했어요'.

Score: /3

Ejercicios de practica

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

버스를 ___ 뻔했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 놓칠
Use -(으)ㄹ 뻔하다.
Choose the correct sentence. Opción múltiple

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 넘어질 뻔했다
Only for negative events.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

넘어질 뻔해.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: All of the above
Needs past tense.
Change to past tense. Sentence Transformation

넘어질 뻔하다 -> ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: All of the above
Past tense is standard.
Match the meaning. Match Pairs

Match '죽을 뻔했다' to meaning.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Almost died
It's a near-miss.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

지각할 / 뻔했다 / 하마터면

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 하마터면 지각할 뻔했다
Correct word order.
Choose the correct usage. Opción múltiple

Which is a near-miss?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 실수할 뻔했다
Negative event.
Fill in the blank.

너무 웃겨서 ___ 뻔했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 죽을
Hyperbole.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Rellena el espacio: '지각할 ___.' (Casi llego tarde). Completar huecos

지각할 ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 뻔했어요
Corrige el irregular en ㄹ: '울으ㄹ 뻔했다.' (Casi lloro). Error Correction

울으ㄹ 뻔했다.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 울 뻔했다.
Reordena para decir 'Casi pierdo el autobús'. Sentence Reorder

[뻔했어요 / 버스를 / 놓칠 / 하마터면]

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 하마터면 버스를 놓칠 뻔했어요
Traduce: 'Casi me muero de la vergüenza'. Traducción

창피해서 ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 죽을 뻔했어
¿Qué forma es correcta para el verbo '먹다'? Opción múltiple

Elige la forma correcta:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 먹을 뻔했다
Empareja el verbo con su forma de 'casi'. Match Pairs

Empareja los verbos:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 가다:갈 뻔했다, 먹다:먹을 뻔했다, 만들다:만들 뻔했다, 듣다:들을 뻔했다
Rellena: '___ 핸드폰 떨어뜨릴 뻔했다!' (¡Casi se me cae el celular!) Completar huecos

___ 핸드폰 떨어뜨릴 뻔했다!

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 하마터면
Corrige: '사고가 날 뻔해요.' (Casi ocurre un accidente). Error Correction

사고가 날 뻔해요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 사고가 날 뻔했어요.
Selecciona la versión formal. Opción múltiple

Elige la oración formal:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 넘어질 뻔했습니다.
Traduce 'Casi me río'. Traducción

___ 뻔했어요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 웃을

Score: /10

Preguntas frecuentes (8)

No, it is strictly for negative or dangerous events you avoided.

Yes, because you are reflecting on a near-miss that already happened.

'거의' is for progress, '뻔하다' is for near-misses.

Yes, use the formal ending '뻔했습니다'.

No, but it adds emphasis.

It is hyperbole to emphasize the intensity of the feeling.

It sounds unnatural and confusing.

Yes, in essays or stories to describe events.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

casi + verb

Korean requires specific verb conjugation.

French moderate

faillir + infinitive

French uses an auxiliary verb.

German moderate

beinahe + verb

Korean uses a suffix pattern.

Japanese high

〜そうになる

The conjugation rules differ slightly.

Chinese high

差点

Chinese does not conjugate the verb.

Arabic moderate

كاد أن

Arabic uses a prefix/auxiliary structure.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Was this helpful?
¡No hay comentarios todavía. Sé el primero en compartir tus ideas!