People: is یا are؟ تفاوت چیست؟
people are. The word people is plural, and it needs a plural verb.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In English, 'people' is the plural of 'person,' so it almost always takes the plural verb 'are'.
- Use 'are' for groups of individuals: 'People are waiting.' (max 20 words)
- Never say 'people is' when talking about a crowd or group. (max 20 words)
- Use 'is' only when 'people' means a single nation or ethnic group. (max 20 words)
مرور کلی
people is و people are است. در دستور زبان انگلیسی، people به عنوان یک اسم جمع بیقاعده (irregular plural noun) شناخته میشود.-s یا -es جمع بسته میشوند، people ذاتاً جمعِ واژه person است. برای ما که فارسیزبان هستیم، این موضوع گاهی گیجکننده است چون در زبان فارسی، واژه «مردم» یا «آدمها» اگرچه از نظر معنایی جمع هستند، اما در ساختار جمله همانند سایر اسمها رفتار میکنند و ما نگران تطابق فعل با «تعداد» به شکلی که در انگلیسی میبینیم، نیستیم. در انگلیسی، قانون «توافق فاعل و فعل» (Subject-Verb Agreement) بسیار سختگیرانه است.people به معنای «افراد» است، همیشه باید با فعل جمع (مانند are) به کار رود. استفاده از people is از نظر یک انگلیسیزبان، اشتباهی فاحش است، دقیقاً مثل این است که در فارسی بگوییم «مردم میرود» به جای «مردم میروند».people به عنوان یک اسم جمعِ ذاتی عمل میکند. برای درک بهتر، بیایید آن را با person مقایسه کنیم.person مفرد است و با فعل مفرد is یا was میآید (مثلاً A person is here). اما people که جمعِ person است، همیشه با are یا were میآید.people را با ضمیر they جایگزین کنید. همانطور که میگویید they are (آنها هستند)، باید بگویید people are (مردم هستند). هیچگاه نمیگویید they is، پس نباید بگویید people is.people جمع است اما s ندارد؟» پاسخ در تاریخچه زبان انگلیسی نهفته است. این کلمات «جمع بیقاعده» نامیده میشوند، مشابه child که جمعش میشود children.people همین نقش را ایفا میکند. نکته مهم اینجاست که people به معنای «افراد» است، نه «یک گروه». اگر بخواهید به یک گروه اشاره کنید، از کلماتی مثل group استفاده میکنید که مفرد است و با is میآید (مثلاً A group of people is...).A group of یا A crowd of به کار میرود، فاعل اصلی جمله کلمه group یا crowd است که مفرد هستند، بنابراین فعل باید مفرد باشد، حتی اگر کلمه people بعد از آن بیاید. این یکی از پیچیدگیهای جذاب زبان انگلیسی است که نیاز به تمرین دارد.people are در هر موقعیتی که به بیش از یک نفر اشاره دارید استفاده میکنید. این ساختار در تمام سطوح زبان انگلیسی کاربرد دارد. در محیطهای کاری، وقتی میخواهید درباره همکاران صحبت کنید، میگویید: Many people are working on this project.People are enjoying the music. در اخبار و گزارشهای رسمی نیز همین قانون صادق است.people is از people are استفاده میکنید، نشان میدهید که به جزئیات گرامری مسلط هستید. حتی در شبکههای اجتماعی مثل اینستاگرام، وقتی میخواهید نظری درباره یک پست بدهید، استفاده از people are saying... بسیار طبیعیتر از ساختارهای اشتباه است.- 1استفاده از
isبه جایare: فارسیزبانان به دلیل اینکه در فارسی «مردم» را به عنوان یک واحد در نظر میگیرند، گاهی فراموش میکنند که در انگلیسیpeopleحتماً باید با فعل جمع بیاید. دلیل آن تداخل زبانی (L1 Interference) است؛ چون در فارسی «مردم میآید» غلط است اما «مردم میآیند» درست است، ذهن ما گاهی در ترجمه مستقیم دچار سردرگمی میشود. - 2استفاده از
personsدر جای نامناسب: برخی فکر میکنند چونpeopleجمع است، پسpersonsهم جمع است. در حالی کهpersonsفقط در متون حقوقی یا بسیار رسمی (مثل تابلوهای هشدار) استفاده میشود. در مکالمه روزمره،personsبسیار غیرطبیعی است. - 3اشتباه در تشخیص فاعل در عبارات طولانی: وقتی میگوییم
A team of people...، چون کلمهpeopleجمع است، زبانآموز وسوسه میشود فعل را جمع ببندد. اما فاعل اصلیteamاست. این خطا به دلیل عدم توجه به «هسته گروه اسمی» رخ میدهد.
people و peoples در این است که peoples به ملتها یا اقوام مختلف اشاره دارد (مثلاً The indigenous peoples of the world)، در حالی که people به معنای کلی افراد است.- 1آیا میتوانم بگویم
people is؟ خیر، این از نظر گرامری کاملاً غلط است و نشاندهنده عدم درک توافق فاعل و فعل است. - 2تفاوت
personوpeopleچیست؟personمفرد است (یک نفر) وpeopleجمع است (دو نفر یا بیشتر). - 3آیا
peoplesدر مکالمه روزمره کاربرد دارد؟ خیر، فقط در مباحث سیاسی، تاریخی یا مردمشناسی که درباره ملتهای مختلف صحبت میشود، کاربرد دارد. - 4اگر بخواهم بگویم «گروهی از مردم»، فعل باید چه باشد؟ فعل باید مفرد باشد (
is) چون فاعل شماgroupاست.
Subject-Verb Agreement with 'People'
| Tense | Subject | Verb Form | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Present Simple
|
People
|
are / do / have
|
People are kind.
|
|
Past Simple
|
People
|
were / did / had
|
People were there.
|
|
Present Continuous
|
People
|
are + -ing
|
People are shouting.
|
|
Present Perfect
|
People
|
have + past participle
|
People have arrived.
|
|
Future
|
People
|
will + verb
|
People will see.
|
|
Modal
|
People
|
can / should / must
|
People must wait.
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
People are
|
People're
|
Informal speech only
|
|
People have
|
People've
|
Informal speech only
|
|
People will
|
People'll
|
Informal speech only
|
Meanings
The word 'people' functions as the plural form of 'person'. Because it represents multiple individuals, it requires a plural verb form like 'are', 'were', or 'have'.
Plural of Person
Referring to multiple human beings in a general or specific sense.
“The people in this room are very quiet.”
“How many people were at the party?”
Ethnic/National Group
Referring to a specific nation, tribe, or ethnic community as a single unit.
“The Icelandic people is a resilient one.”
“A people is defined by its shared history.”
The Public
Referring to the general population of a country or the world.
“The people are tired of high taxes.”
“Power to the people!”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
People + plural verb
|
People are listening.
|
|
Negative
|
People + are not / do not
|
People aren't happy.
|
|
Question
|
Are / Do + people + ...?
|
Are people ready?
|
|
Short Answer (+)
|
Yes, they are.
|
Are people coming? Yes, they are.
|
|
Short Answer (-)
|
No, they aren't.
|
Are people coming? No, they aren't.
|
|
With 'Everyone'
|
Everyone + singular verb
|
Everyone is here.
|
|
With 'Person'
|
One person + singular verb
|
One person is here.
|
طیف رسمیت
The individuals present are numerous. (Social gathering)
There are many people here. (Social gathering)
Lots of people are here. (Social gathering)
Mad people up in here. (Social gathering)
The 'People' Agreement Map
Verbs (Plural)
- Are They are
- Were They were
- Have They have
Pronoun
- They Replace with 'they'
Singular vs. Plural
Which verb to use?
Are you talking about individuals?
Are you talking about a whole nation?
مثالها بر اساس سطح
The people are nice.
Las personas son amables.
Many people are in the park.
Muchas personas están en el parque.
People are happy today.
La gente está feliz hoy.
Are the people here?
¿Están las personas aquí?
People were waiting for a long time.
La gente estuvo esperando mucho tiempo.
Do people like this movie?
¿A la gente le gusta esta película?
Some people don't have cars.
Algunas personas no tienen coches.
The people in my class are friendly.
Las personas de mi clase son amigables.
People are becoming more aware of health issues.
La gente se está volviendo más consciente de los problemas de salud.
Most people have experienced this at least once.
La mayoría de las personas han experimentado esto al menos una vez.
Why are people so angry about the news?
¿Por qué la gente está tan enojada por las noticias?
People who live in cities are often stressed.
Las personas que viven en ciudades suelen estar estresadas.
The people are entitled to their own opinions.
El pueblo tiene derecho a sus propias opiniones.
Rarely do people realize the impact of their actions.
Rara vez la gente se da cuenta del impacto de sus acciones.
A people is not defined solely by its geography.
Un pueblo no se define únicamente por su geografía.
The local people were divided on the new law.
La gente local estaba dividida sobre la nueva ley.
The indigenous peoples of the Amazon have unique cultures.
Los pueblos indígenas del Amazonas tienen culturas únicas.
Seldom have the people been so united in their cause.
Rara vez el pueblo ha estado tan unido en su causa.
The people are the ultimate arbiters of justice.
El pueblo es el árbitro final de la justicia.
Such people are often misunderstood by society.
Tales personas suelen ser incomprendidas por la sociedad.
The various peoples of the Balkans have a complex history.
Los diversos pueblos de los Balcanes tienen una historia compleja.
It is argued that a people is only as strong as its institutions.
Se argumenta que un pueblo es tan fuerte como sus instituciones.
The people, having been misled, were slow to react.
El pueblo, habiendo sido engañado, tardó en reaccionar.
Were the people to revolt, the regime would crumble.
Si el pueblo se rebelara, el régimen se derrumbaría.
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Learners think that because 'everyone' refers to many people, it should be plural.
Like 'people', 'the public' refers to a group, but it is often singular.
Learners see 'peoples' in books and think it's the plural of 'people'.
اشتباهات رایج
People is happy.
People are happy.
One people is here.
One person is here.
The peoples are nice.
The people are nice.
He is a people.
He is a person.
How many people is there?
How many people are there?
People has problems.
People have problems.
Every people is here.
Everyone is here.
The people is a nation.
The people are a nation. (Or: The people is a nation - context dependent)
The people who is waiting...
The people who are waiting...
A lot of people was there.
A lot of people were there.
The peoples of the world is united.
The peoples of the world are united.
الگوهای جملهسازی
People are ___ because ___.
Most people have ___ but some people don't.
Why are people so ___ these days?
The people who ___ are usually ___.
Real World Usage
People are loving this new filter!
I enjoy working in environments where people are collaborative.
People are being evacuated from the flood zone.
Are people allowed to take photos here?
The people have a right to know the truth.
People have been complaining about the wait times.
The 'They' Test
Everyone is Singular
Avoid 'Persons'
Folk vs People
Smart Tips
Stop and think: 'Would I say they is?' No. So say 'people are'.
Remember: Everyone = IS, People = ARE. Don't mix them up!
You can use 'a people' as a singular noun to sound more academic.
The verb after 'who' must also be plural.
تلفظ
The 'L' in People
The 'L' is a 'dark L'. Your tongue should be near the roof of your mouth, but the back of the tongue is raised.
Emphasis on 'Are'
People ARE listening!
Used to correct someone who thinks people aren't listening.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
People are plural, like a party. You wouldn't have a party with just one 'is'!
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a crowd of people all holding up signs that say 'ARE'. One person alone holds a sign that says 'IS'.
Rhyme
One person is, but people are. Follow this rule and you'll go far!
Story
Once there was a lonely 'is' who tried to join a crowd of people. The people shouted, 'No! We are many, we need an ARE!' The 'is' went back to the single person.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Look around you in a public place. Write 5 sentences starting with 'The people here are...' (e.g., 'The people here are drinking coffee.')
نکات فرهنگی
Americans are very strict about 'people are'. Using 'people is' is seen as a sign of being uneducated or a non-native speaker.
In the UK, collective nouns like 'team' or 'government' can be plural ('The team are playing'), which makes 'people are' feel even more natural.
In legal documents, you will see 'persons' instead of 'people'. This is to emphasize individuals as separate legal entities.
From the Old French 'pueple' and Latin 'populus', meaning 'a people, nation, or crowd'.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
Why do you think people are so obsessed with social media?
Are people in your country generally friendly to tourists?
How many people are in your family?
In your opinion, are people born good or do they learn to be good?
موضوعات نگارش
اشتباهات رایج
Test Yourself
Many people ___ coming to the party tonight.
Find and fix the mistake:
The people in this city is very helpful.
Why ___ people so loud in the hallway?
That person has a dog. -> Those ___ ___ dogs.
The word 'people' can never be used with the verb 'is'.
Sort: People, Everyone, A person, They
A: Where are the guests? B: The people ___ already in the garden.
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Score: /8
تمرینهای عملی
8 exercisesMany people ___ coming to the party tonight.
Find and fix the mistake:
The people in this city is very helpful.
Why ___ people so loud in the hallway?
That person has a dog. -> Those ___ ___ dogs.
The word 'people' can never be used with the verb 'is'.
Sort: People, Everyone, A person, They
A: Where are the guests? B: The people ___ already in the garden.
1. One person, 2. Two people, 3. Everyone
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesThe people I work with ___ from all over the world.
Many people ___ surprised by the news yesterday.
That person are my teacher.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Las personas estaban felices.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the subjects with the correct verb form:
A team of ___ is working on the project.
The peoples of the village was angry.
Select the most natural-sounding sentence:
Translate into English: 'Un groupe de personnes attend.'
Arrange the words to make a sentence:
Match the singulars and plurals:
Score: /13
سوالات متداول (8)
Yes, but only when referring to multiple ethnic groups or nations. For example: 'The peoples of Africa have diverse cultures.'
In some dialects (like African American Vernacular English) or for artistic rhyme, 'people is' might be used, but it is not considered correct in standard English.
Technically, it's a plural count noun. Unlike 'team' (which can be singular), 'people' is almost always plural.
'People' is for general use. 'Persons' is for legal or very formal contexts, like 'Maximum capacity: 10 persons'.
Like 'people', 'the police' is always plural: 'The police are coming.'
They mean the same thing, but 'everyone' is grammatically singular ('Everyone is') and 'people' is plural ('People are').
If you mean one person, say 'one person'. If you mean one nation, you can say 'a people'.
Yes, 'people are' is the standard in all major varieties of English.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
la gente
Spanish is singular; English is plural.
les gens / le monde
French has both singular and plural options; English 'people' is only plural.
die Leute
Very similar to English.
人々 (hitobito)
No subject-verb agreement in Japanese.
الناس (an-nas)
Generally matches English plural usage.
人们 (renmen)
No verb conjugation for number.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
ویدیوهای مرتبط
Related Grammar Rules
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