थकना در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Means 'to get tired' physically or mentally.
- It is an intransitive verb (no 'ने' in past tense).
- Often used with 'जाना' as 'थक जाना' (to become tired).
- Can also mean being emotionally 'fed up' with something.
The Hindi verb थकना (thakna) is a fundamental lexical item in the language, primarily functioning as an intransitive verb that translates to 'to get tired,' 'to tire,' or 'to become exhausted.' Understanding this verb is crucial for learners at the A2 level and beyond, as expressing physical or mental fatigue is a common necessity in daily communication. The concept of tiredness in Hindi, encapsulated by this verb, extends beyond mere physical exhaustion; it encompasses mental fatigue, emotional drain, and even the feeling of being fed up or bored with a repetitive situation. When a person engages in strenuous physical activity, such as running, lifting heavy objects, or working long hours, the natural physiological response is fatigue, which is perfectly described by 'थकना'.
- Physical Exhaustion
- This is the most direct and common application of the verb. It describes the depletion of physical energy after exertion. For example, after a long day at work or a heavy workout session at the gym, one would use this verb to express their state.
मैं आज बहुत थक गया हूँ। (I am very tired today.)
Beyond the physical realm, 'थकना' is equally adept at describing mental exhaustion. In today's fast-paced world, cognitive overload is a frequent occurrence. Studying for consecutive hours, dealing with complex problem-solving tasks, or simply enduring a highly stressful environment can lead to a state where the brain feels depleted. In such contexts, the verb is used metaphorically to indicate that one's mental faculties are drained.
- Mental Fatigue
- Used when the mind is overworked, such as after studying for exams or dealing with stressful office work. The physical body might be rested, but the mind is exhausted.
लगातार पढ़ाई करके वह थक गई है। (She is tired after studying continuously.)
Furthermore, the verb can express emotional or psychological weariness. When someone is repeatedly subjected to a negative situation, such as constant arguing, waiting for someone who never arrives, or dealing with a persistent problem, they might use 'थकना' to signify that they have lost the emotional resilience to continue. This usage aligns closely with the English expressions 'to be sick and tired of' or 'to be fed up.'
- Emotional Weariness
- Indicates a loss of patience or emotional strength due to repetitive or frustrating circumstances.
मैं तुम्हारी शिकायतें सुन-सुनकर थक चुका हूँ। (I am tired of constantly hearing your complaints.)
It is important to note the grammatical nature of 'थकना'. As an intransitive verb (अकर्मक क्रिया), it does not take a direct object. The action of tiring happens to the subject itself. This means that in the past perfective tenses, the subject does not take the ergative marker 'ने' (ne). The verb agrees directly with the subject in gender and number. This is a critical grammatical point that learners must master to sound natural.
बच्चे खेल-खेलकर थक गए। (The children got tired from playing.)
In summary, 'थकना' is a versatile and indispensable verb in Hindi. Whether you are talking about the physical ache in your muscles after a marathon, the mental fog after a long exam, or the emotional drain of a difficult relationship, this verb provides the necessary linguistic tool to express your state of exhaustion accurately and effectively. Mastering its nuances, compound forms, and grammatical constraints will significantly enhance your conversational fluency and comprehension of native Hindi speech.
यात्रा के कारण हम सब थक चुके थे। (We were all exhausted due to the journey.)
Using the verb थकना correctly involves understanding its conjugation patterns, its role as an intransitive verb, and its frequent appearance in compound verb structures. Because it describes a state of being or a change of state (becoming tired), its usage across different tenses reveals subtle nuances in meaning. Let us explore how to construct sentences with 'थकना' in various grammatical contexts to ensure accurate and natural-sounding Hindi.
- Present Habitual Tense
- In the present habitual tense, 'थकना' is used to describe a general tendency to get tired easily or under specific circumstances. The conjugation follows the standard rules: root (थक) + ता/ती/ते + auxiliary verb (हूँ/है/हो/हैं).
वह थोड़ा सा चलने पर ही थक जाता है। (He gets tired even after walking a little.)
The past tense is perhaps the most common context for this verb, as we usually report our tiredness after an activity has occurred. Crucially, because 'थकना' is an intransitive verb, it never takes the ergative marker 'ने' (ne) in the past perfective tense. The verb must agree with the subject in gender and number. A male speaker says 'मैं थका' (I got tired), while a female speaker says 'मैं थकी'. A plural masculine subject takes 'थके'.
- Past Perfective Tense
- Used to state that the action of getting tired happened in the past. Remember, no 'ने' is used.
कल रात मैं बहुत जल्दी थक गया था। (Last night I got tired very early.)
One of the most vital aspects of using 'थकना' is its frequent pairing with the vector verb 'जाना' (to go) to form the compound verb थक जाना. In Hindi, vector verbs add a sense of completeness, finality, or suddenness to the main verb. While 'थकना' simply means 'to tire', 'थक जाना' emphasizes the transition into a state of complete exhaustion. In everyday conversation, 'थक जाना' is used much more frequently than the simple verb 'थकना' when describing a completed state of fatigue.
- Compound Verb: थक जाना
- Adds the nuance of 'becoming completely tired' or the finality of the state of exhaustion.
पूरा दिन काम करके मज़दूर थक गए हैं। (The laborers have become completely tired after working all day.)
When you want to express the cause of the tiredness, you typically use the postposition 'से' (from/by) or the conjunctive participle form 'कर / करके' (having done). For instance, 'काम से थकना' (to get tired from work) or 'काम करके थकना' (to get tired having worked). The conjunctive participle is extremely common when linking the tiring activity to the state of exhaustion. Another idiomatic way to express getting tired of a repetitive action is to repeat the verb root with 'कर', such as 'सुन-सुनकर थकना' (to get tired of constantly hearing).
मैं यह फिल्म देख-देखकर थक गया हूँ। (I am tired of watching this movie over and over.)
Finally, it is important to distinguish 'थकना' (to get tired) from its causative counterpart, 'थकाना' (to tire someone else out). If the work is making you tired, the work is the subject of 'थकाना', but you are the subject of 'थकना'. For example, 'यह काम मुझे थकाता है' (This work tires me) versus 'मैं इस काम से थकता हूँ' (I get tired from this work). Understanding this transitivity pair is essential for constructing accurate sentences and avoiding common learner pitfalls. By mastering these structures, you can confidently express various degrees and causes of fatigue in Hindi.
क्या तुम इतनी जल्दी थक गए? (Did you get tired so quickly?)
The verb थकना is ubiquitous in Hindi-speaking environments, echoing through homes, workplaces, gyms, and public spaces. Because fatigue is a universal human experience, the vocabulary to express it is employed daily across all demographics and social strata. Understanding the contexts in which 'थकना' is most frequently heard will help learners anticipate its usage and respond appropriately in real-life conversations. Let us delve into the specific scenarios where this verb is a staple of everyday communication.
- The Workplace
- In professional settings, 'थकना' is constantly used to discuss workload, long hours, and burnout. Colleagues often share their exhaustion at the end of a shift or after a demanding project.
आज ऑफिस में बहुत काम था, मैं पूरी तरह थक गया हूँ। (There was a lot of work in the office today, I am completely exhausted.)
Another primary domain where 'थकना' is frequently heard is within the household, particularly concerning domestic chores and parenting. Managing a home involves continuous physical and mental effort. Parents, especially mothers, often use this verb to express the exhaustion that comes from taking care of children, cooking, cleaning, and managing daily routines. It is a common refrain in family conversations when discussing the division of labor or the need for rest.
- Domestic Life & Parenting
- Used to express the fatigue resulting from household chores, managing family affairs, and raising children.
बच्चों के पीछे भाग-भाग कर माँ थक जाती है। (The mother gets tired running after the children.)
The realm of sports, fitness, and physical labor is another obvious context. In gyms, on sports fields, or at construction sites, physical endurance is constantly tested. Athletes, trainers, and laborers use 'थकना' to gauge stamina, discuss limits, and indicate the need for a break. In these environments, the verb is often associated with pushing physical boundaries and the subsequent need for recovery.
- Fitness and Physical Labor
- Heard in gyms, during sports, or among manual laborers to describe the depletion of physical stamina.
दस किलोमीटर दौड़ने के बाद वह बिल्कुल नहीं थका। (He didn't get tired at all after running ten kilometers.)
Travel and commuting also heavily feature the verb 'थकना'. Navigating traffic, enduring long train journeys, or flying across time zones invariably leads to travel fatigue. When people arrive at their destination, expressing their tiredness is often one of the first things they do. It serves as a polite explanation for wanting to rest rather than immediately engaging in activities.
लंबे सफर की वजह से यात्री थक कर सो गए। (Due to the long journey, the passengers got tired and fell asleep.)
Finally, 'थकना' is widely used in emotional and interpersonal contexts to express frustration or the feeling of being 'fed up.' When arguments go in circles, when someone repeatedly fails to change their behavior, or when a situation seems hopelessly stagnant, people use this verb metaphorically. It signifies an emotional exhaustion, a depletion of patience rather than physical energy. This usage is common in dramatic television serials, everyday arguments, and deep personal conversations, highlighting the verb's versatility in capturing the full spectrum of human weariness.
मैं उसे समझा-समझा कर थक गया हूँ, पर वह नहीं मानता। (I am tired of explaining it to him, but he doesn't listen.)
While थकना is a common and essential verb, learners of Hindi frequently stumble over a few specific grammatical and lexical hurdles when trying to use it. Because Hindi grammar handles transitivity and causative verbs differently than English and many other languages, direct translation often leads to errors. By identifying and understanding these common mistakes, learners can significantly improve the accuracy and naturalness of their spoken and written Hindi.
- The 'ने' (ne) Particle Error
- The most prevalent mistake is using the ergative marker 'ने' with 'थकना' in the past tense. Because 'थकना' is an intransitive verb (it doesn't take a direct object), it never triggers the 'ने' construction.
Incorrect: मैंने थक गया।
Correct: मैं थक गया। (I got tired.)
Learners often assume that because an action occurred in the past, 'ने' must be used. However, the rule of 'ने' strictly applies only to transitive verbs in perfective tenses. Since 'getting tired' is something that happens to the subject, not an action the subject performs on an object, the subject remains in the direct case (मैं, वह, राम) rather than the oblique case with 'ने' (मैंने, उसने, राम ने). The verb must then agree with the subject in gender and number.
- Confusing थकना (to get tired) with थकाना (to tire someone)
- English uses the same verb 'to tire' for both getting tired and making someone else tired. Hindi uses two distinct verbs: the intransitive 'थकना' and the causative 'थकाना'.
Incorrect: यह काम मुझे थकता है। (This work gets me tired - grammatically wrong)
Correct: यह काम मुझे थकाता है। (This work tires me.)
Another frequent error involves the expression of 'being tired' in the present moment. In English, 'I am tired' uses the present tense of the verb 'to be' with an adjective. In Hindi, to express the current state of being tired, native speakers almost exclusively use the present perfect tense of the compound verb 'थक जाना'. They say 'I have become tired' to mean 'I am tired'. Using the simple present continuous 'मैं थक रहा हूँ' implies the ongoing process of getting tired, not the completed state.
- State vs. Process
- Using the continuous tense when the perfective state is intended.
Less Natural: मैं थक रहा हूँ। (I am getting tired - implies an ongoing process.)
More Natural: मैं थक गया हूँ। (I am tired - literally: I have become tired.)
Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the correct postpositions when explaining *why* they are tired. The correct postposition is usually 'से' (from/by) when using a noun, or the conjunctive participle 'कर / करके' when using a verb. Saying 'मैं काम के लिए थका हूँ' (I am tired for work) is incorrect. It should be 'मैं काम से थक गया हूँ' (I am tired from work). Mastering these postpositional phrases is key to sounding fluent.
Correct Usage: वह दौड़ने से थक गया। (He got tired from running.)
By consciously avoiding the 'ने' trap, distinguishing between the intransitive and causative forms, utilizing the present perfect for current states of fatigue, and applying the correct postpositions, learners can easily overcome these common mistakes. Consistent practice with these specific structures will solidify the correct usage of 'थकना' in your Hindi repertoire.
हम इंतज़ार कर-करके थक चुके थे। (We were completely exhausted from waiting.)
To build a rich and nuanced Hindi vocabulary, it is important not only to learn a word like थकना but also to understand its synonyms and related terms. While 'थकना' is the most general and widely used verb for getting tired, Hindi offers several other words that convey specific shades of exhaustion, boredom, or physical weakness. Exploring these similar words allows learners to express themselves with greater precision and to understand the subtle emotional or physical states being communicated by native speakers.
- ऊबना (Oobna) - To get bored / fed up
- While 'थकना' can mean being mentally tired of something, 'ऊबना' specifically refers to boredom or a loss of interest due to monotony. You might not be physically tired, but your mind is disengaged.
मैं इस किताब को पढ़ते-पढ़ते ऊब गया हूँ। (I have gotten bored reading this book.)
Another closely related concept is physical weakness or lethargy, which is distinct from the acute fatigue caused by exertion. For this, Hindi uses words like 'सुस्त होना' (to be lethargic/lazy) or 'कमज़ोर होना' (to be weak). 'थकना' implies that energy was spent and needs to be recovered, whereas 'सुस्त होना' might just be a state of inactivity or lack of motivation, regardless of prior exertion.
- सुस्त होना (Sust hona) - To be lethargic
- Describes a lack of energy, slowness, or laziness, often without a specific tiring activity preceding it.
आज मौसम की वजह से मैं बहुत सुस्त महसूस कर रहा हूँ। (I am feeling very lethargic today because of the weather.)
When the exhaustion is extreme, reaching the point of collapsing or being utterly drained, native speakers might use more intense expressions. 'चूर होना' (to be shattered/crushed) is often combined with 'थककर' to create the idiom 'थककर चूर होना', meaning to be dead tired or exhausted to the bone. Another strong term is 'निढाल होना' (to be prostrate/exhausted), which paints a picture of someone who has no energy left to even stand up.
- निढाल होना (Nidhaal hona) - To be utterly exhausted
- A higher register or more intense way to describe severe physical drain, often due to illness or extreme labor.
बुखार के कारण वह बिस्तर पर निढाल पड़ा है। (Due to the fever, he is lying exhausted on the bed.)
In emotional contexts, when 'थकना' is used to mean 'giving up' or 'losing hope', it borders on the meaning of 'हार मानना' (to accept defeat / to give up). If you say 'मैं कोशिश कर-करके थक गया', it implies you are on the verge of giving up. 'हार मानना' makes that surrender explicit. Understanding this overlap helps in navigating conversations about perseverance and emotional resilience.
चाहे तुम कितने भी थक जाओ, हार मत मानना। (No matter how tired you get, do not give up.)
By distinguishing 'थकना' from 'ऊबना' (boredom), 'सुस्त होना' (lethargy), 'निढाल होना' (extreme exhaustion), and 'हार मानना' (giving up), learners can select the exact word that fits their physical or emotional state. This precision not only demonstrates a higher level of language proficiency but also ensures that the listener fully grasps the depth and nature of the speaker's experience.
वह काम से थका था, लेकिन ऊबा नहीं था। (He was tired from the work, but not bored.)
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Intransitive Verbs and the Absence of 'ने' in Past Tense
Compound Verbs with 'जाना' (Vector Verbs)
Conjunctive Participles (verb root + कर/करके)
Present Perfect Tense for States of Being
Causative Verbs (First Causative - आना suffix)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
मैं बहुत थक गया हूँ।
I am very tired.
Uses the compound verb 'थक गया हूँ' to express the current state of being tired.
क्या तुम थक गए?
Did you get tired?
Simple past interrogative. Note the agreement with 'तुम' (masculine plural form used for respect/standard).
वह काम से थकती है।
She gets tired from work.
Present habitual tense, feminine singular agreement 'थकती'.
राम खेल कर थक गया।
Ram got tired after playing.
Uses the conjunctive participle 'कर' (having played).
मुझे सोना है, मैं थका हूँ।
I have to sleep, I am tired.
Simple adjective-like use of the past participle 'थका'.
हम नहीं थके।
We did not get tired.
Negative past tense, plural masculine agreement 'थके'.
जल्दी मत थकना!
Don't get tired quickly!
Negative imperative using 'मत' with the infinitive form.
कुत्ता दौड़ कर थक गया।
The dog got tired from running.
Animal subject, standard past perfective.
आज ऑफिस में मैं बहुत थक गया।
I got very tired in the office today.
Adding time 'आज' and location 'ऑफिस में' to the basic structure.
लंबे सफर के बाद सब थक जाते हैं।
Everyone gets tired after a long journey.
General statement using present habitual 'थक जाते हैं'.
क्या आप पैदल चलकर थक गए हैं?
Are you tired from walking?
Formal 'आप' with present perfect 'थक गए हैं'.
मैं रोज़ जिम में थकता हूँ।
I get tired in the gym every day.
Habitual action with 'रोज़' (every day).
वह पढ़ाई करके थक गई थी।
She had gotten tired after studying.
Past perfect tense 'थक गई थी'.
अगर तुम दौड़ोगे, तो थक जाओगे।
If you run, you will get tired.
Conditional sentence with future tense 'थक जाओगे'.
मुझे लगता है कि वह थक रहा है।
I think that he is getting tired.
Present continuous 'थक रहा है' to show an ongoing process.
बिना पानी पिए तुम जल्दी थकोगे।
Without drinking water, you will get tired quickly.
Future tense with a prepositional phrase 'बिना पानी पिए'.
मैं तुम्हारी रोज़-रोज़ की शिकायतों से थक चुका हूँ।
I am completely tired of your daily complaints.
Metaphorical use for emotional fatigue, using 'थक चुका हूँ' for emphasis.
लगातार कंप्यूटर स्क्रीन देखने से मेरी आँखें थक जाती हैं।
My eyes get tired from continuously looking at the computer screen.
Body part 'आँखें' as the subject, feminine plural agreement.
वह इतना काम करता है कि कभी-कभी मानसिक रूप से थक जाता है।
He works so much that sometimes he gets mentally tired.
Introduction of 'मानसिक रूप से' (mentally).
इंतज़ार कर-करके हम सब थक गए थे, पर ट्रेन नहीं आई।
We had all gotten tired of waiting, but the train didn't arrive.
Repeated verb root 'कर-करके' to show exhaustion from a repetitive action.
यह काम मुझे थकाता है, मैं इससे थकता नहीं हूँ।
This work tires me, I don't get tired of it (willingly).
Contrasting the causative 'थकाता' with the intransitive 'थकता'.
शाम तक बच्चे खेल-कूद कर पूरी तरह थक जाते हैं।
By evening, the children get completely tired from playing and jumping.
Using 'पूरी तरह' (completely) to modify the verb.
क्या तुम एक ही गाना सुन-सुनकर नहीं थकते?
Don't you get tired of listening to the same song over and over?
Negative interrogative with repeated root.
डॉक्टर ने कहा है कि ज़्यादा मत थकना, आराम करना।
The doctor has said not to get too tired, to rest.
Reported speech with a negative imperative.
इस अंतहीन बहस से मैं अब पूरी तरह थक हार चुका हूँ।
I am now completely exhausted and have given up on this endless debate.
Idiomatic compound 'थक हार चुका हूँ' combining tiredness and defeat.
दिन भर की भागदौड़ के बाद, शरीर थककर चूर हो जाता है।
After a day full of running around, the body gets shattered with exhaustion.
Advanced idiom 'थककर चूर होना' (to be crushed by fatigue).
वह अपनी बीमारी से नहीं, बल्कि लोगों की सहानुभूति से थक गई थी।
She was tired not of her illness, but of people's sympathy.
Complex sentence contrasting two causes of emotional fatigue.
शहरी जीवन की आपाधापी इंसान को समय से पहले थका देती है।
The hustle and bustle of city life tires a person out prematurely.
Using the causative 'थका देती है' with abstract concepts like 'शहरी जीवन'.
मुझे शारीरिक थकान से ज़्यादा मानसिक थकान महसूस हो रही है।
I am feeling mental fatigue more than physical fatigue.
Using the noun form 'थकान' to compare physical and mental states.
बिना किसी नतीजे के काम करते रहना किसी को भी थका सकता है।
Continuing to work without any results can tire anyone out.
Using the infinitive phrase as the subject of the causative verb.
जैसे-जैसे उम्र बढ़ती है, इंसान जल्दी थकने लगता है।
As age increases, a person starts getting tired quickly.
Using 'लगता है' (starts to) with the infinitive 'थकने'.
उसकी थकी हुई आवाज़ सुनकर मुझे अंदाज़ा हो गया कि कुछ गड़बड़ है।
Hearing his tired voice, I guessed that something was wrong.
Using the past participle 'थकी हुई' as an adjective modifying 'आवाज़' (voice).
यह व्यवस्था इतनी पुरानी और थकी हुई है कि इसमें सुधार की कोई गुंजाइश नहीं दिखती।
This system is so old and tired that there seems to be no room for improvement.
Metaphorical use of 'थकी हुई' to describe an inanimate, abstract concept (a system).
कवि ने अपनी थकी हुई कलम से समाज की विडंबनाओं को उकेरा।
The poet depicted the ironies of society with his tired pen.
Personification of the pen being 'tired', a common literary device.
लगातार असफलताओं ने उसके उत्साह को थका कर रख दिया है।
Continuous failures have completely exhausted his enthusiasm.
Advanced compound 'थका कर रख दिया है' implying a forceful and permanent exhaustion.
लोकतंत्र में, जब मतदाता थक जाते हैं, तो निरंकुशता जन्म लेती है।
In a democracy, when voters get tired, autocracy is born.
Sociopolitical commentary using 'थकना' to represent civic apathy.
उसकी आँखों में एक ऐसी थकान थी जिसे नींद से नहीं मिटाया जा सकता था।
There was a tiredness in his eyes that could not be erased by sleep.
Using the noun 'थकान' in a profound, existential context.
हम शब्दों के आडंबर से थक चुके हैं, अब हमें ठोस कदम चाहिए।
We are exhausted by the pretense of words; now we need concrete steps.
High-register vocabulary ('आडंबर') paired with the emotional exhaustion of 'थक चुके हैं'.
थकना मना है, यह वाक्य उस महानायक के जीवन का मूलमंत्र था।
'Getting tired is forbidden', this sentence was the mantra of that great hero's life.
Using the infinitive 'थकना' as a verbal noun/subject of the sentence.
रिश्तों की इस कशमकश में इंसान अक्सर भीतर से थक जाता है।
In this struggle of relationships, a person often gets tired from within.
Using 'भीतर से' (from within) to emphasize deep psychological fatigue.
अस्तित्ववादी दर्शन में, यह थकान महज़ शारीरिक नहीं, बल्कि जीवन की निरर्थकता का बोध है।
In existential philosophy, this fatigue is not merely physical, but the realization of life's meaninglessness.
Academic/philosophical discourse defining the nature of 'थकान'.
शताब्दियों के संघर्ष ने इस सभ्यता को इस कदर थका दिया है कि अब यह नवजागरण की बाट जोह रही है।
Centuries of struggle have tired this civilization to such an extent that it is now waiting for a renaissance.
Macroscopic historical perspective using the causative 'थका दिया है'.
उसकी लेखनी में जो थकान नज़र आती है, वह दरअसल उसके युग की सामूहिक हताशा का प्रतिबिंब है।
The tiredness visible in his writing is actually a reflection of the collective despair of his era.
Literary criticism analyzing the manifestation of 'थकान' in art.
जब भाषा स्वयं अर्थ ढोते-ढोते थक जाती है, तब मौन ही एकमात्र अभिव्यक्ति बचता है।
When language itself gets tired of carrying meaning, silence remains the only expression.
Deeply poetic and meta-linguistic use of the verb.
पूंजीवादी व्यवस्था मज़दूर के शरीर को ही नहीं, उसकी आत्मा को भी थका कर निचोड़ लेती है।
The capitalist system not only tires the worker's body but also exhausts and squeezes out his soul.
Socio-economic critique using strong compound verbs ('थका कर निचोड़ लेती है').
वह एक ऐसी थकावट थी जो हड्डियों में नहीं, बल्कि स्मृतियों में बस गई थी।
It was an exhaustion that had settled not in the bones, but in the memories.
Distinguishing physical 'थकावट' from psychological trauma.
निरंतर विमर्श की इस प्रक्रिया में, सत्य अक्सर थक कर नेपथ्य में चला जाता है।
In this process of continuous discourse, truth often gets tired and retreats to the background.
Personification of abstract concepts ('सत्य') experiencing fatigue.
आध्यात्मिक यात्रा में एक पड़ाव ऐसा आता है जहाँ साधक अपने ही प्रयासों से थक कर समर्पण कर देता है।
In the spiritual journey, a stage comes where the seeker, tired of his own efforts, surrenders.
Contextualizing 'थकना' within mystical or spiritual surrender.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
الگوهای جملهسازی
نحوه استفاده
While 'थकना' is the standard verb, in highly formal or literary Hindi, you might encounter 'श्रांत होना' (shraant hona). Conversely, in very colloquial slang, people might use English loanwords like 'मैं एग्जॉस्ट (exhaust) हो गया हूँ' or slang phrases like 'मेरी बैटरी डाउन हो गई है' (My battery is down). However, 'थकना' remains universally understood and appropriate in all registers.
- Using 'मैंने थका' instead of 'मैं थका'. (Applying the 'ne' rule incorrectly to an intransitive verb).
- Saying 'मैं थक रहा हूँ' to mean 'I am tired'. (It means 'I am getting tired'. Use 'मैं थक गया हूँ' for the state of being tired).
- Confusing 'थकना' with 'थकाना'. Saying 'काम मुझे थकता है' instead of 'काम मुझे थकाता है'.
- Using 'के लिए' instead of 'से' for the cause. Saying 'मैं काम के लिए थका हूँ' instead of 'मैं काम से थका हूँ'.
- Forgetting gender agreement in the past tense. A female saying 'मैं थक गया' instead of 'मैं थक गई'.
نکات
No 'Ne' Rule
Always remember that 'थकना' is intransitive. Never use the 'ने' (ne) particle with the subject in the past tense. It is always 'मैं थका', 'वह थका', 'राम थका'.
Present State vs Habit
To say 'I am tired right now', use 'मैं थक गया हूँ'. If you say 'मैं थकता हूँ', it means 'I get tired' as a general habit, not your current state.
Compound Verb Preference
Native speakers prefer the compound verb 'थक जाना' over the simple verb 'थकना' in daily conversation. It sounds more natural and complete.
Expressing Frustration
Use the repeated root structure (e.g., बोल-बोलकर) with 'थकना' to express being fed up. 'मैं बोल-बोलकर थक गया' means 'I am tired of speaking repeatedly'.
Thakna vs Thakaana
Pay attention to the 'aa' sound. 'थकना' (thakna) is getting tired. 'थकाना' (thakaana) is making someone else tired. Don't mix them up!
Using Thakaan
You can vary your sentence structure by using the noun 'थकान' (tiredness). Instead of 'मैं थक गया', try 'मुझे थकान हो रही है' (I am feeling tiredness).
Using 'Se'
When stating the cause of your fatigue with a noun, use 'से' (from). 'सफर से' (from the journey), 'काम से' (from work).
Thaka Hua
Use 'थका हुआ' (masculine) or 'थकी हुई' (feminine) as an adjective to describe a noun. Example: 'थका हुआ आदमी' (a tired man).
Choor Hona
To sound like a native when you are extremely exhausted, use the phrase 'थक कर चूर होना'. It adds great emphasis to your sentence.
Greeting Guests
It is very polite in Indian culture to ask a newly arrived guest, 'आप सफर से थक गए होंगे?' (You must be tired from the journey?). It shows care and hospitality.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a clock going 'TICK TOCK' all day until it gets completely TIRED and stops. TICK TOCK -> THAK NA.
ریشه کلمه
Derived from the Sanskrit root 'स्तक्' (stak) or 'स्थग्' (sthag), which relate to stopping, halting, or becoming rigid, evolving into the Prakrit form 'थक्क' (thakka) meaning stationary or tired.
بافت فرهنگی
Culturally, a head massage with oil (champi) or a strong cup of ginger tea are the most common household remedies offered to someone who says 'मैं थक गया हूँ'.
While hard work is praised, complaining constantly about being tired ('हर समय थकने की शिकायत करना') can be seen as a sign of laziness or weakness in some traditional contexts.
If a guest arrives at your home, it is customary to assume they are tired from the journey and immediately offer them a seat and a glass of water, saying 'आप थक गए होंगे' (You must be tired).
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"आज आप बहुत थके हुए लग रहे हैं, क्या हुआ?"
"क्या आप इतना काम करके थकते नहीं हैं?"
"सफर कैसा रहा? आप थक गए होंगे।"
"मैं यह रोज़-रोज़ का खाना खाकर थक गया हूँ, आज बाहर चलते हैं।"
"जब आप बहुत थक जाते हैं, तो आराम करने के लिए क्या करते हैं?"
موضوعات نگارش
Write about a day when you were physically more tired than ever before. (एक ऐसे दिन के बारे में लिखें जब आप सबसे ज़्यादा थके थे।)
What activities make you mentally tired? (कौन से काम आपको मानसिक रूप से थका देते हैं?)
Describe a situation where you got tired of waiting for someone. (किसी का इंतज़ार करके थकने का अनुभव लिखें।)
How do you usually recover when you are completely exhausted? (जब आप पूरी तरह थक जाते हैं, तो आराम कैसे करते हैं?)
Write a short story about a character who never gets tired. (एक ऐसे व्यक्ति की कहानी लिखें जो कभी नहीं थकता।)
سوالات متداول
10 سوالNo, you must never use 'ने' with 'थकना'. It is an intransitive verb. You should say 'मैं थका' (I got tired), not 'मैंने थका'. The verb agrees directly with the subject.
The most natural way is to use the present perfect tense: 'मैं थक गया हूँ' (literally: I have become tired). If you are female, say 'मैं थक गई हूँ'. Avoid saying 'मैं थकता हूँ' for this meaning, as that means 'I get tired (habitually)'.
'थकना' means to get tired yourself (intransitive). 'थकाना' means to make someone else tired (causative). For example, 'मैं दौड़ कर थका' (I got tired running) vs 'इस काम ने मुझे थकाया' (This work tired me).
You can use 'थकना' metaphorically. Often, the verb root of the annoying action is repeated with 'कर'. For example, 'मैं तुम्हारी बातें सुन-सुनकर थक गया हूँ' (I am tired of constantly hearing your talk).
'थकान' is a feminine noun meaning 'tiredness' or 'fatigue'. You use it with verbs like 'होना' (to happen/be) or 'महसूस होना' (to feel). Example: 'मुझे बहुत थकान हो रही है' (I am feeling very tired).
Use the postposition 'से' (se). The correct phrase is 'काम से थकना' (to get tired from work). Example: 'मैं ऑफिस के काम से थक गया हूँ'.
Literally, no. But metaphorically, yes, especially in literature or journalism. You might hear phrases like 'थकी हुई अर्थव्यवस्था' (a tired economy) or 'थकी हुई मशीन' (a tired machine) to indicate wear and tear or stagnation.
The most common compound form is 'थक जाना' (thak + jaana). The vector verb 'जाना' adds a sense of completeness. 'मैं थक गया' sounds more complete and natural than just 'मैं थका'.
Use the negative imperative. You can say 'मत थकना' (informal) or 'थकिएगा मत' (formal). Often, people say 'इतनी जल्दी मत थक जाना' (Don't get tired so quickly).
A very common idiom is 'थक कर चूर होना' (thak kar choor hona), which means to be utterly exhausted or 'dead tired'. Example: 'दिन भर काम करके मैं थक कर चूर हो गया हूँ'.
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The core meaning of 'थकना' is to experience a loss of energy. The most crucial grammatical rule for learners is to remember that it is an intransitive verb, meaning you must never use the 'ने' (ne) particle with it in the past tense.
- Means 'to get tired' physically or mentally.
- It is an intransitive verb (no 'ने' in past tense).
- Often used with 'जाना' as 'थक जाना' (to become tired).
- Can also mean being emotionally 'fed up' with something.
No 'Ne' Rule
Always remember that 'थकना' is intransitive. Never use the 'ने' (ne) particle with the subject in the past tense. It is always 'मैं थका', 'वह थका', 'राम थका'.
Present State vs Habit
To say 'I am tired right now', use 'मैं थक गया हूँ'. If you say 'मैं थकता हूँ', it means 'I get tired' as a general habit, not your current state.
Compound Verb Preference
Native speakers prefer the compound verb 'थक जाना' over the simple verb 'थकना' in daily conversation. It sounds more natural and complete.
Expressing Frustration
Use the repeated root structure (e.g., बोल-बोलकर) with 'थकना' to express being fed up. 'मैं बोल-बोलकर थक गया' means 'I am tired of speaking repeatedly'.
مثال
दौड़ने के बाद मैं बहुत थक गया था।
محتوای مرتبط
قواعد دستوری مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر emotions
आभार
B1سپاسگزاری یا قدردانی. 'من از شما سپاسگزاری میکنم' میشود 'Main aapka abhaar vyakt karta hoon'.
आभारी
A2سپاسگزار، ممنون. برای ابراز قدردانی در موقعیتهای رسمی استفاده میشود.
आभारी होना
A2سپاسگزار بودن؛ احساس قدردانی برای چیزی که دریافت شده.
आभार सहित
B1Gratefully; with gratitude; thankfully.
आभारपूर्वक
B2Gratefully, thankfully, or with appreciation.
आभास होना
B1احساس کردن یا حدس زدن چیزی؛ درک مبهم. به عنوان مثال: 'احساس خطر کردم.'
आग्रह
B1Insistence, earnest request; persistent demanding.
आघात
B1شوک، ضربه. 'این خبر برای او یک شوک (aaghat) بود.' / 'ضربه (aaghat) به دموکراسی.'
आघात लगना
B1To be shocked; to be traumatized.
आघात पहुँचना
B1دچار شوک عمیق یا تروما شدن در اثر یک اتفاق ناگوار.
