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B2 noun, verb 7 دقیقه مطالعه

履行

Q: Is 履行 transitive or intransitive?

It is transitive; you fulfill *something* (Object を 履行する).

rikō

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 履行 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 履行 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't really need to use the word '履行' (rikou) because it is very formal. Instead, you should focus on the word '約束' (yakusoku), which means 'promise', and the verb '守る' (mamoru), which means 'to keep' or 'to protect'. For example, if you say 'I will keep my promise', you say '約束を守ります' (yakusoku o mamorimasu). '履行' is the very formal version of this. Imagine you are a child making a promise to your parents; you would never use '履行'. You only need to know that '履行' exists as a 'super-polite' way of saying 'doing what you promised' in business or law. If you see it in a textbook, just think 'they are doing their job or keeping a big promise'. It is much too difficult for daily conversation at this level. Focus on learning basic verbs like 'do' (shimasu) and 'keep' (mamoru) first.

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At the A2 level, you might start seeing '履行' (rikou) in formal announcements or very basic business news. You should understand that it is a noun that can become a verb by adding 'suru'. The word is made of two parts: 'ri' (to perform/wear) and 'kou' (to go). While you still shouldn't use it with your friends, you might see it in a sign at a library or a train station talking about 'rules' or 'duties'. For example, 'Please fulfill your duty to return books' might use a word like this in a very formal setting. However, for your own speaking, continue to use '守る' (mamoru) for promises and 'やる' (yaru) or 'する' (suru) for doing things. Just remember that '履行' is a 'stiff' word. If 'mamoru' is like wearing a t-shirt, '履行' is like wearing a full tuxedo for a legal meeting. It means 'fulfillment'.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to recognize '履行' (rikou) in newspapers and formal emails. You are moving into intermediate Japanese, where the distinction between formal and casual words becomes important. You will encounter '履行' in the context of 'contracts' (契約 - keiyaku) and 'obligations' (義務 - gimu). For example, if you are renting an apartment in Japan, the contract might mention the '履行' of your payment duties. You should know that '不履行' (furikou) means 'not doing what you promised' or 'defaulting'. You might not use this word in a casual chat, but if you are writing a formal letter or a business report, using '履行' instead of '守る' makes you sound professional and educated. It shows you understand that business agreements are serious. You should also start noticing how it is used with the particle 'を' (o).

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At the B2 level, '履行' (rikou) is a word you are expected to know and use correctly in professional settings. This is the level where you distinguish between '履行' (fulfillment of duty), '実行' (execution of a plan), and '遂行' (carrying out a mission). You should understand that '履行' is specifically used for legal and quasi-legal obligations. You should be comfortable using phrases like '契約を履行する' (to fulfill a contract) and '義務を履行する' (to fulfill an obligation). You should also be aware of the term '債務不履行' (saimu furikou), which refers to a failure to pay a debt or fulfill a legal duty. At this level, you should be able to explain the difference between a casual promise and a formal 履行. Your reading comprehension should include understanding 履行 in the context of government policies and international relations.

At the C1 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of '履行' (rikou) and its various legal applications. You should be familiar with terms like '強制履行' (kyousei rikou - specific performance/forced fulfillment), which is a specific legal remedy where a court orders a party to perform their contractual duties. You should be able to use the word in complex discussions about corporate governance, international law, and ethics. For example, discussing whether a company has the ethical '履行' of its social responsibilities (CSR). You should also be able to use the word as a noun in complex grammatical structures, such as '履行の提供' (tender of performance). Your ability to use '履行' should reflect a high level of literacy, allowing you to navigate Japanese legal documents and high-level business negotiations with confidence. You should also understand its historical and kanji-based nuances, such as the 'stepping' action implied by the kanji '履'.

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At the C2 level, '履行' (rikou) is a tool for precise legal and philosophical expression. You should be able to discuss the '履行' of treaties in the context of international jurisprudence or the '履行' of moral imperatives in philosophical texts. You can distinguish between the '履行' of a contract and the '履行' of a person's life-long mission in a literary context, although the latter is a metaphorical use. You should be comfortable with extremely formal variants and related legal terminology like '履行遅滞' (delay in performance), '履行不能' (impossibility of performance), and '履行追完' (subsequent performance/remedy). At this level, you are not just using the word; you are using it with the same precision as a native Japanese lawyer or a high-ranking government official. You understand the subtle shift in tone that '履行' brings to a sentence and can use it to command authority and respect in any formal Japanese environment.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

履行 در ۳۰ ثانیه

A formal term for fulfilling obligations.
Used primarily in legal and business contexts.
The opposite of breach or default (不履行).
Essential for professional Japanese communication.

The Japanese word 履行 (りこう, rikou) is a formal noun and suru-verb that translates to performance, fulfillment, or execution of an obligation. It is primarily used in legal, business, and highly formal contexts where a specific duty, promise, or contract must be carried out. Unlike the more common word 実行 (jikkou), which simply means to carry out an action or plan, 履行 carries the weight of a binding commitment. When you use 履行, you are talking about the transition from a theoretical agreement to a tangible reality. In Japanese civil law (民法, minpō), 履行 is the technical term for a debtor satisfying their obligation to a creditor. For example, if you sign a contract to buy a house, the act of actually paying the money and the seller handing over the keys is the 履行 of that contract. It is not a word you would use for casual tasks like doing the dishes or going for a run. Instead, it appears in news reports regarding international treaties, corporate mergers, and legal disputes. Understanding this word requires an appreciation for the Japanese sense of duty (義理, giri) and the importance of formal agreements in society.

Legal Context: In Japanese law, the failure to perform an obligation is called 債務不履行 (saimu furikou), or default. This is a critical term in business law.

契約の条件を忠実に履行することが、ビジネスの基本です。 (Fulfilling the terms of a contract faithfully is the basis of business.)

Etymology: The first kanji 履 means to wear footwear or to step, implying taking actual steps. The second kanji 行 means to go or conduct. Together, they signify 'walking the talk'.

彼は約束を履行するために全力を尽くした。 (He did his best to fulfill the promise.)

Register: This word is highly formal (Katamari). Using it in casual conversation might make you sound like a lawyer or a politician.

不履行の場合、違約金が発生します。 (In case of non-performance, a penalty fee will be incurred.)

公約の履行を求める市民の声が高まっている。 (Citizens' voices demanding the fulfillment of public pledges are increasing.)

債務の履行期限が迫っている。 (The deadline for the performance of the debt is approaching.)

Using 履行 correctly requires understanding its grammatical placement as a noun that frequently transforms into a verb using する. When functioning as a noun, it often acts as the object of a sentence or as part of a compound noun phrase. For instance, 'the fulfillment of a contract' is 契約の履行 (keiyaku no rikou). When used as a verb, it takes the form 履行する (rikou suru). The grammatical structure is typically [Object] を履行する. It is essential to note that the object must be something that represents a formal duty or promise. You would not say 'gohan o rikou suru' (to fulfill a meal); instead, you would say 'gimu o rikou suru' (to fulfill a duty). In complex sentences, 履行 can be modified by adverbs that describe the manner of performance, such as 誠実に (seijitsu ni - faithfully) or 遅滞なく (chitai naku - without delay). The word is frequently found in passive constructions in legal documents, such as 'must be performed' (履行されるべき). Additionally, the negative form 不履行 (furikou) is a standalone noun meaning non-performance or default, which is used to describe a breach of contract. In academic writing, you might see 履行期 (rikou-ki), referring to the period in which an obligation must be met. Mastering the use of 履行 involves recognizing these specific collocations.

Verb Usage: 当社は契約上の義務をすべて履行しました。 (Our company has performed all contractual obligations.)

義務を履行しない場合は、法的措置をとります。 (If you do not fulfill your duties, we will take legal action.)

Noun Usage: 履行の遅延は許されません。 (Delay in performance is not permitted.)

速やかな履行が求められている。 (Prompt performance is being demanded.)

条件が履行されたことを確認した。 (We confirmed that the conditions were fulfilled.)

You are most likely to encounter 履行 in formal news broadcasts, particularly those covering politics and economics. When a politician makes a campaign promise (公約, kouyaku), journalists will later ask if those promises have been 履行ed. In the business world, during contract negotiations or quarterly reports, executives use this word to reassure stakeholders that the company is meeting its obligations. If you work in a Japanese company, you might see this in internal compliance training or legal documents. It is also a staple of courtroom dramas and legal news, where the term 'specific performance' (強制履行, kyousei rikou) is used to describe a court ordering someone to fulfill their contract rather than just paying damages. In international relations, when countries sign treaties regarding climate change or trade, the media tracks the 履行 of these agreements. It is a word that signifies accountability and the formal verification of actions. While it is rare in casual settings like a cafe or a family dinner, it is omnipresent in the structures that govern Japanese society and law.

News Media: 'The government failed to perform its promise to reduce taxes.' (政府は減税の公約を履行できなかった。)

国際条約の履行状況を調査する。 (Investigate the implementation status of international treaties.)

契約の履行を強く迫る。 (Strongly urge the performance of the contract.)

彼は義務の履行を怠った。 (He neglected the performance of his duties.)

The most common mistake learners make is using 履行 interchangeably with 実行 (jikkou) or 達成 (tassei). While all three relate to doing something, their nuances are distinct. 実行 is used for carrying out a plan, idea, or physical action (e.g., 'executing' a computer program or a workout plan). 達成 refers to achieving a goal or reaching a target (e.g., 'achieving' a sales goal). 履行 is strictly for fulfilling an obligation or promise. Using 履行 for a personal goal like 'I fulfilled my goal of waking up early' sounds extremely strange and overly legalistic. Another mistake is using the wrong particle; 履行 is a transitive verb and almost always takes を. Some learners also confuse 履行 with the word 流行 (ryuukou), which means 'fashion' or 'trend,' because they sound somewhat similar. Furthermore, learners often forget that 履行 has a very strong formal nuance. Using it with friends to talk about a promise to go to the movies will make you sound like you are treating your friendship as a legal contract. For casual promises, use 守る (mamoru - to keep/protect).

Incorrect Usage: × 宿題を履行した。 (I performed my homework.) -> This sounds like your homework was a legal treaty.

× ダイエットを履行する。 (Perform a diet.) -> Use 実行 (jikkou) instead.

× 友達との約束を履行する。 (Perform a promise with a friend.) -> Too formal. Use 約束を守る (yakusoku o mamoru).

To truly master 履行, you must understand how it compares to its synonyms. The most frequent comparison is with 実行 (jikkou). 実行 is broad and applies to any action taken to realize a plan. 履行 is narrow and applies to legal or formal duties. Another similar word is 遂行 (suikou), which means to accomplish or carry out a task to the end, often used for missions or complex projects (e.g., 任務を遂行する - to carry out a mission). 達成 (tassei) is focused on the result—the 'achievement' of a goal. There is also 実施 (jisshi), which means to implement or put into effect, often used for systems, laws, or surveys (e.g., アンケートを実施する - to conduct a survey). In legal contexts, you might also see 弁済 (bensai), which specifically means the repayment of a debt. Choosing between these depends entirely on the context of 'doing'.

履行 vs 実行: 履行 is about 'duty' (I must do it because I promised/signed). 実行 is about 'action' (I am doing it because I planned to).

履行 vs 遂行: 履行 is the act of fulfillment. 遂行 emphasizes the process of working through a difficult task until it is finished.

彼は任務を完全に遂行した。 (He carried out the mission perfectly. - Contrast with 履行)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The kanji '履' is the same one used in '履物' (hakimono), which means footwear like shoes or sandals! So, '履行' literally implies 'stepping into' your duties.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ɾi.koː/

US /ri.koʊ/

Pitch drops after the first syllable 'ri'.

هم‌قافیه با

気候 (kikou - climate) 機構 (kikou - mechanism) 思考 (shikou - thought) 施行 (shikou - enforcement) 志向 (shikou - intention) 寄稿 (kikou - contribution) 帰校 (kikou - returning to school) 奇行 (kikou - eccentric behavior)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing it like 'ryuukou' (fashion).
Failing to elongate the 'o' sound (rikou vs riko).
Using English 'r' instead of Japanese tapped 'r'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal kanji and legal contexts.

نوشتن 4/5

Hard to use correctly without sounding overly stiff.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Rarely used in speech except in professional settings.

گوش دادن 4/5

Common in news broadcasts.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

約束 (Promise) 守る (To keep) 契約 (Contract) 義務 (Duty) 行う (To do)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

遂行 (To carry out) 実施 (To implement) 遵守 (To comply) 違反 (Violation) 債務 (Debt)

پیشرفته

信義則 (Principle of good faith) 善管注意義務 (Duty of care) 瑕疵担保責任 (Liability for defects) 遅延損害金 (Late fees) 解除権 (Right to cancel)

گرامر لازم

~suru verb

履行する

Noun + の + Noun

契約の履行

~o motomeru (to demand)

履行を求める

~ni yoru (due to)

不履行による損害

~beki (should)

履行すべき義務

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

やくそくをまもります。

I will keep my promise.

Uses 'mamoru' instead of 'rikou' for simplicity.

しゅくだいをします。

I will do my homework.

Uses 'shimasu' for a simple task.

ルールをまもりましょう。

Let's follow the rules.

Uses 'mamoru' for rules.

かれはやさしいです。

He is kind.

Simple adjective sentence.

あした、あいます。

I will meet you tomorrow.

Simple future verb.

これをください。

This one, please.

Basic request.

にほんごをべんきょうします。

I study Japanese.

Basic verb.

ともだちとあそびます。

I will play with my friend.

Basic social interaction.

約束を必ず守ってください。

Please be sure to keep your promise.

More formal than A1 but still uses 'mamoru'.

会社の規則を守ります。

I follow company rules.

Focuses on rules.

彼は約束を履行しました。

He fulfilled his promise (formal).

Introducing 'rikou' in a formal context.

契約書を読んでください。

Please read the contract.

Context for 'rikou'.

期日までに提出します。

I will submit it by the deadline.

Formal deadline context.

義務を果たすことは大切です。

Fulfilling your duty is important.

Uses 'hatasu', a synonym for 'rikou'.

法律を守らなければなりません。

You must obey the law.

Compulsion grammar.

彼は真面目な人です。

He is a serious person.

Describing character.

契約の履行を確認しました。

We have confirmed the performance of the contract.

Standard business noun usage.

義務を履行しないと困ります。

It will be a problem if you don't fulfill your duties.

Conditional negative.

彼は公約を履行するために努力した。

He made an effort to fulfill his public pledge.

Political context.

債務の履行を求められています。

The performance of the debt is being demanded.

Passive voice.

期限内の履行をお願いします。

Please ensure performance within the deadline.

Polite request for performance.

履行が遅れる場合は連絡してください。

If performance is delayed, please contact us.

Conditional with noun.

条件をすべて履行しました。

I have fulfilled all the conditions.

Simple past verb.

不履行は契約違反になります。

Non-performance constitutes a breach of contract.

Negative noun form.

誠実に契約を履行することが求められる。

Faithful performance of the contract is required.

Adverbial modification 'seijitsu ni'.

義務の履行を怠ると罰則があります。

If you neglect to perform your duties, there are penalties.

Verb 'okotaru' (neglect) + 'rikou'.

彼は約束の履行を強く主張した。

He strongly insisted on the fulfillment of the promise.

Noun as object of 'shuchou suru'.

その条約はまだ履行されていない。

That treaty has not yet been implemented.

Passive negative state.

履行期日が明日までとなっている。

The performance deadline is set for tomorrow.

Compound noun 'rikou kijitsu'.

債務不履行により、契約が解除された。

The contract was canceled due to default (non-performance).

Compound noun 'saimu furikou'.

当社はすべての義務を履行する準備がある。

Our company is prepared to fulfill all obligations.

Infinitive-like structure 'rikou suru junbi'.

速やかな履行を期待しています。

We are expecting prompt performance.

Adjective-noun 'suyaka na rikou'.

裁判所は被告に対し、契約の履行を命じた。

The court ordered the defendant to perform the contract.

Legal command structure.

履行不能な条件を提示してはいけない。

You must not present conditions that are impossible to perform.

Technical legal term 'rikou funou'.

債権者は履行の提供を受ける義務がある。

The creditor has an obligation to accept the tender of performance.

Technical legal phrase 'rikou no teikyou'.

国際法上の義務を履行する責任がある。

There is a responsibility to fulfill obligations under international law.

High-level political context.

履行遅滞が生じた場合、損害賠償を請求できる。

If a delay in performance occurs, one can claim damages.

Technical legal term 'rikou chitai'.

彼は自らの信念を履行することに一生を捧げた。

He dedicated his life to carrying out his own beliefs.

Metaphorical/Philosophical use.

強制履行の手続きを開始することにした。

We decided to start the procedures for specific performance.

Technical term 'kyousei rikou'.

履行の強制は、最終的な手段であるべきだ。

Compulsion of performance should be a last resort.

Abstract noun usage.

債務不履行の責任追及は、法理論上の難問である。

Pursuing responsibility for default is a difficult problem in legal theory.

Highly academic structure.

履行追完請求権の行使を検討している。

We are considering exercising the right to claim subsequent performance.

Very technical legal term.

契約の履行を担保するために、保証人を立てる。

In order to secure the performance of the contract, a guarantor is appointed.

Legal 'tanpou' (security/guarantee) context.

履行の場所は、特約がない限り債権者の住所とする。

The place of performance shall be the creditor's address unless there is a special agreement.

Standard contract clause language.

双務契約における履行上の牽連性を考慮する。

Consider the mutuality of performance in bilateral contracts.

Advanced legal theory term 'kenrensei'.

履行期到来前の履行は、原則として認められない。

Performance before the arrival of the performance date is, in principle, not permitted.

Formal legal principle.

信義則に基づき、誠実に履行しなければならない。

Based on the principle of good faith, it must be performed faithfully.

Legal principle 'shingisoku'.

履行の完了をもって、本契約は終了するものとする。

The contract shall terminate upon completion of performance.

Formal contract termination language.

مترادف‌ها

実行遂行実施達成

متضادها

不履行違反放棄

ترکیب‌های رایج

契約の履行

義務の履行

債務不履行

公約の履行

履行期限

履行不能

履行遅滞

誠実な履行

履行の提供

強制履行

عبارات رایج

履行する

— To perform or fulfill an obligation.

約束を履行する。

不履行

— Non-performance or default.

義務の不履行。

履行を迫る

— To urge or demand performance.

契約の履行を迫る。

履行を確認する

— To confirm that something has been done.

履行状況を確認する。

履行を怠る

— To neglect one's duty.

彼は履行を怠った。

履行の見込み

— The prospect of performance.

履行の見込みがない。

履行を猶予する

— To grant a grace period for performance.

履行を猶予する。

履行を保証する

— To guarantee performance.

履行を保証する。

履行を強制する

— To force someone to perform.

履行を強制する。

履行を完了する

— To complete the performance.

履行を完了した。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

履行 vs 実行 (jikkou)

Execution of a plan/action, not necessarily a duty.

履行 vs 流行 (ryuukou)

A trend or fashion; sounds similar but unrelated.

履行 vs 旅行 (ryokou)

Travel; sounds slightly similar to beginners.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"言行一致"

— Words and actions match; practicing what one preaches.

彼は言行一致の人だ。

Literary

"約束は守るためにある"

— Promises are meant to be kept.

約束は守るためにあるのだから、履行しなさい。

Common

"身を粉にする"

— To work extremely hard (to fulfill something).

身を粉にして義務を履行する。

Idiomatic

"責任を果たす"

— To fulfill one's responsibility.

彼はリーダーとしての責任を果たした。

Neutral

"義理を通す"

— To fulfill a social or moral obligation.

最後まで義理を通した。

Cultural

"筋を通す"

— To follow through with logic or principle.

彼は筋を通すために履行した。

Neutral

"二言はない"

— To keep one's word without backtracking.

武士に二言はない。

Traditional

"看板に偽りなし"

— Living up to the advertisement/name.

その商品は看板に偽りなしの履行だった。

Common

"重責を担う"

— To bear a heavy responsibility.

彼は重責を担い、履行に努めた。

Formal

"期待に応える"

— To live up to expectations.

国民の期待に応えて履行する。

Formal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

履行 vs 実行

Both mean 'to carry out'.

Rikou is for obligations; Jikkou is for plans or actions.

計画を実行する vs 契約を履行する

履行 vs 遂行

Both mean 'to carry out'.

Suikou emphasizes the process and completion of a task/mission.

任務を遂行する

履行 vs 達成

Both mean 'to finish'.

Tassei is for reaching a goal or target.

目標を達成する

履行 vs 実施

Both mean 'to do'.

Jisshi is for implementing systems or conducting activities.

試験を実施する

履行 vs 遵守

Both relate to rules.

Junshu is 'following/obeying' rules; Rikou is 'performing' duties.

法律を遵守する

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun] を履行する

義務を履行する。

[Noun] の履行

契約の履行。

[Noun] を履行するために [Verb]

公約を履行するために努力する。

[Noun] の履行を求める

債務の履行を求める。

[Noun] が履行されない場合

条件が履行されない場合、契約を解除する。

[Noun] の履行を怠る

彼は義務の履行を怠った。

[Noun] に基づき [Adverb] 履行する

信義則に基づき誠実に履行する。

[Noun] の履行を担保する

債務の履行を担保する。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

履行 (Performance)

不履行 (Non-performance)

履行期 (Period of performance)

履行地 (Place of performance)

فعل‌ها

履行する (To perform)

صفت‌ها

履行可能な (Performable)

履行不能な (Impossible to perform)

مرتبط

義務 (Duty)

契約 (Contract)

債務 (Debt)

公約 (Pledge)

弁済 (Repayment)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in professional/media contexts, rare in daily life.

اشتباهات رایج

宿題を履行する → 宿題をする
Homework is not a formal legal obligation.
目標を履行した → 目標を達成した
Goals are 'achieved', not 'performed' like a duty.
ダイエットを履行中 → ダイエットを実行中
A diet is a plan, not a contractual obligation.
友達との履行 → 友達との約束
Use 'yakusoku' for personal promises.
履行期日を不履行 → 履行期日を守らない
'Furikou' is usually a noun for the act, not a verb for 'to not keep a date'.

نکات

Use in Business

When writing a formal business email about a contract, use 履行 to show professionalism.

Legal Weight

Remember that 履行 implies a legal or moral binding; don't use it for hobbies.

Kanji Memory

Visualize the 'footwear' radical in 履 to remember it's about taking steps to do something.

News Keywords

When you hear 'rikou' on the news, look for words like 'seifu' (government) or 'keiyaku' (contract).

Learn the Negatives

Always learn 'furikou' alongside 'rikou' as they are often used together in legal contexts.

Formal Speech

In a job interview, if you talk about fulfilling duties, 履行 can make you sound very reliable.

Collocations

Memorize 'gimu o rikou suru' as a single block of meaning.

Report Writing

In formal reports, replace 'yaru' or 'suru' with 'rikou suru' when referring to official tasks.

International Agreements

Use this word when discussing climate treaties or trade deals in Japanese.

Don't confuse with Ryokou

Make sure you don't say 'I went on a 履行 (performance)' when you mean 'Ryokou (trip)'!

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

'Ri' sounds like 'Read' and 'Kou' like 'Go'. You READ the contract, then you GO and do it (履行).

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person wearing formal shoes (履) walking (行) along a dotted line on a contract.

شبکه واژگان

Contract Duty Promise Legal Business Debt Performance Lawyer

چالش

Try to use '履行' in a sentence about a famous politician's campaign promises.

ریشه کلمه

Derived from Middle Chinese roots. '履' (ri) originally meant footwear or to tread upon, and '行' (kou) meant to walk or do.

معنای اصلی: To walk the steps required by a promise.

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

بافت فرهنگی

None, but using it casually sounds awkward.

In English, 'performance' can mean a play or concert. In Japanese, 履行 never refers to acting or music.

The Japanese Civil Code (Minpo) Section 412. News headlines regarding the TPP or Paris Agreement.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Business Contracts

契約の履行を完了する
履行期限の厳守
不履行の際の違約金
履行状況の報告

Politics

公約の履行を求める
マニフェストの履行
履行率の調査
公約不履行の批判

Law

債務の履行
強制履行の申し立て
履行不能の証明
履行遅滞の責任

International Relations

条約の履行
議定書の履行
履行監視委員会
合意の着実な履行

Finance

債務不履行のリスク
利息の履行
履行保証保険
返済義務の履行

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"最近、政府は公約を履行していると思いますか？ (Do you think the government is fulfilling its promises lately?)"

"契約の履行が遅れた場合、どう対応すべきですか？ (How should we respond if the performance of a contract is delayed?)"

"ビジネスにおいて最も重要な履行は何だと思いますか？ (What do you think is the most important fulfillment in business?)"

"不履行を防ぐために、どのような対策が必要ですか？ (What measures are necessary to prevent non-performance?)"

"履行期限を守るためのコツは何ですか？ (What are the tips for keeping performance deadlines?)"

موضوعات نگارش

今日、自分が履行した義務について書いてください。 (Write about a duty you fulfilled today.)

もし誰かがあなたとの約束を履行しなかったら、どう感じますか？ (How would you feel if someone didn't fulfill a promise to you?)

仕事で契約の履行を確認した経験はありますか？ (Have you ever had the experience of confirming the performance of a contract at work?)

公約を履行しない政治家についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about politicians who don't fulfill their public pledges?)

自分の人生における「履行すべきこと」は何ですか？ (What are the 'things to be fulfilled' in your life?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Technically yes, but it sounds extremely weird and overly formal. Use '約束を守る' instead.

履行 is for fulfilling a duty or contract. 実行 is for carrying out any plan or action.

It is the legal term for 'default' or failing to pay a debt.

It is very common in news, business, and law, but not in casual conversation.

It is a long 'o' sound, like 'oh-oh'. Don't cut it short.

No, use 達成 (tassei) for goals.

It is transitive; you fulfill *something* (Object を履行する).

It is a legal term meaning 'specific performance'—court-ordered fulfillment of a contract.

不履行 (non-performance) and 違反 (violation).

Yes, it implies the action of completing the required duty.

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