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A2 verb #1,000 پرکاربردترین 13 دقیقه مطالعه

食事する

shokuji suru رتبه 1,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 食事する در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 食事する in your Level:

At the CEFR A1 level, learners are introduced to the absolute basics of Japanese survival vocabulary. While the verb 食べる (taberu - to eat) is taught almost immediately, 食事する (shokuji suru - to have a meal) is often introduced slightly later as a more formal alternative. A1 learners should focus on recognizing this word when they hear it, particularly in polite contexts such as listening to a teacher, a host family, or service staff. The primary grammatical focus at this level is the polite present/future tense (食事します - shokuji shimasu) and the polite past tense (食事しました - shokuji shimashita). Learners at this stage do not need to worry about complex relative clauses or nuanced social registers; instead, they should practice using this word to state simple facts about their daily routine. For example, being able to say 'I will have a meal at 7 o'clock' (７時に食事します - shichiji ni shokuji shimasu) is a key competency. Additionally, A1 learners should understand that this word does not take a direct object with the particle を (o), unlike 食べる. This foundational understanding prevents the formation of bad habits early on. Teachers often use this word in classroom instructions or when discussing daily schedules, making it a vital piece of receptive vocabulary for beginners navigating their first interactions in Japanese.

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At the CEFR A2 level, learners begin to engage in more interactive and social communication. The verb 食事する becomes a highly practical tool for making plans, extending invitations, and discussing past events with friends or colleagues. A2 learners are expected to master the volitional and invitational forms of the verb. Phrases such as 一緒に食事しませんか (Issho ni shokuji shimasen ka - Won't you have a meal with me?) and 食事しましょう (Shokuji shimashou - Let's have a meal) are essential for this level. Furthermore, learners should be comfortable using particles to add detail to their sentences, specifically と (to) for companions and で (de) for locations. Being able to construct a sentence like 週末に友達とレストランで食事しました (Shuumatsu ni tomodachi to resutoran de shokuji shimashita - I had a meal with a friend at a restaurant over the weekend) demonstrates solid A2 proficiency. At this stage, learners also start to perceive the slight difference in formality between ご飯を食べる (gohan o taberu) and 食事する, recognizing that the latter sounds a bit more mature or structured. This awareness of register is a crucial stepping stone toward intermediate fluency, allowing A2 learners to navigate basic social situations with appropriate politeness.

At the CEFR B1 level, learners transition from simple sentence construction to more complex, multi-clause expressions. The verb 食事する is utilized in a wider variety of grammatical structures, particularly those involving nominalization and conditional forms. B1 learners should be adept at using the plain form of the verb to modify nouns, creating phrases like 食事する時間 (shokuji suru jikan - time to have a meal) or 食事する場所 (shokuji suru basho - a place to have a meal). They also learn to express potential and obligation, using forms like 食事できる (shokuji dekiru - can have a meal) or 食事しなければなりません (shokuji shinakereba narimasen - must have a meal). At this intermediate stage, the vocabulary is frequently used to discuss lifestyle habits, health, and daily routines in more detail. For instance, a B1 learner might explain, 忙しくて、ゆっくり食事する時間がありません (Isogashikute, yukkuri shokuji suru jikan ga arimasen - I am so busy that I don't have time to have a leisurely meal). Additionally, learners begin to use conjunctions like 前に (mae ni - before) and 後で (ato de - after) in conjunction with this verb, such as 食事する前に手を洗います (Shokuji suru mae ni te o araimasu - I wash my hands before having a meal). This level of grammatical flexibility allows for much more expressive and detailed communication.

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At the CEFR B2 level, learners are expected to handle professional and formal social situations with confidence. The use of 食事する at this level is heavily tied to business Japanese (Keigo) and polite societal interactions. B2 learners understand that in a corporate environment, this verb is the standard choice over 食べる when discussing plans with clients, superiors, or colleagues from other departments. They can seamlessly integrate it into complex polite structures, such as scheduling meetings or making formal requests. For example, a B2 learner might write in an email, 明日の会議の後、皆様と食事する予定となっております (Ashita no kaigi no ato, minasama to shokuji suru yotei to natte orimasu - After tomorrow's meeting, it is scheduled that we will have a meal with everyone). Furthermore, learners at this stage can discuss abstract concepts related to dining, such as cultural differences in table manners or the importance of communal eating for team building. They are also comfortable using the humble and honorific equivalents (お食事する - oshokuji suru, お食事される - oshokuji sareru) when the situation demands a higher level of respect. The ability to navigate these nuanced social registers and apply the vocabulary accurately in professional contexts is a defining characteristic of B2 proficiency.

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At the CEFR C1 level, learners possess near-native fluency and can use 食事する in highly sophisticated, abstract, and literary contexts. They are acutely aware of the subtle pragmatic differences between various dining-related vocabulary words and can choose the exact right word for the desired rhetorical effect. C1 learners might use this verb in essays, debates, or formal presentations discussing topics such as nutrition, sociology, or public health. For example, they could articulate complex arguments like, 現代社会において、家族揃って食事する機会が減少していることは、深刻な社会問題である (Gendai shakai ni oite, kazoku sorotte shokuji suru kikai ga genshou shite iru koto wa, shinkoku na shakai mondai de aru - In modern society, the decrease in opportunities for families to have a meal together is a serious social issue). At this advanced stage, the verb is not just a tool for describing an action, but a conceptual anchor for discussing human behavior and societal trends. C1 learners also effortlessly understand and produce idiomatic expressions and compound words derived from this root, demonstrating a deep, intuitive grasp of the language's structure and cultural underpinnings.

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At the CEFR C2 level, the mastery of 食事する is absolute. Learners at this pinnacle of proficiency can manipulate the word with the same dexterity as an educated native speaker. They can employ it in creative writing, poetry, or highly specialized academic discourse. C2 learners understand the historical and etymological weight of the word, recognizing how the concept of 'shokuji' has evolved in Japanese culture. They can seamlessly switch between the most casual slang and the most elevated, archaic forms of polite speech, knowing exactly when the standard 食事する is the perfect middle ground. In literature, they can appreciate the subtle atmospheric shifts created by an author's choice to use this verb over a more visceral alternative. They might analyze a text by noting, 著者はここで「食べる」ではなく「食事する」という表現を用いることで、その場の儀式的な厳かさを強調している (Chosha wa koko de 'taberu' de wa naku 'shokuji suru' to iu hyougen o mochiiru koto de, sono ba no gishikiteki na ogosokasa o kyouchou shite iru - By using the expression 'shokuji suru' instead of 'taberu' here, the author emphasizes the ritualistic solemnity of the scene). At the C2 level, language is an art form, and this vocabulary word is a finely tuned instrument in the learner's extensive repertoire.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

食事する در ۳۰ ثانیه

Means 'to have a meal'.
More formal than 'taberu'.
Does not use the object particle 'o'.
Used for breakfast, lunch, or dinner.

The Japanese vocabulary item 食事する (shokuji suru) is a fundamental expression that learners encounter early in their language acquisition journey, yet it possesses a depth of pragmatic nuance that extends well into advanced proficiency levels. To truly understand what this word means and when people use it, one must first break down its morphological components. The word is composed of the noun 食事 (shokuji), which translates to 'meal' or 'dining,' and the ubiquitous irregular verb する (suru), which means 'to do.' Together, they form a compound verb that literally means 'to do a meal,' but is most accurately translated into English as 'to have a meal' or 'to dine.' Unlike the simpler and more colloquial verb 食べる (taberu), which strictly refers to the physical act of eating food, 食事する carries a slightly more formal, structured, and social connotation. It implies the entire experience of sitting down for a proper meal, often with others, rather than just consuming calories. For instance, grabbing a quick snack while walking would be described using 食べる, whereas sitting down at a restaurant or a nicely set dining table would appropriately invoke 食事する. This distinction is crucial for learners who wish to sound natural and polite in Japanese society, where the context of an action heavily dictates the vocabulary used to describe it. In professional environments, such as business meetings or formal gatherings, using 食事する demonstrates a level of respect and refinement that 食べる lacks. When inviting a colleague or a superior to lunch or dinner, phrasing the invitation as 一緒に食事しませんか (Issho ni shokuji shimasen ka - Would you like to have a meal together?) is highly appropriate and polite. Furthermore, the noun portion, 食事, can be used independently in various compound words and phrases, such as 食事代 (shokujidai - cost of a meal) or 食事中 (shokujichuu - in the middle of a meal), highlighting its versatility. Understanding the situational appropriateness of this word requires an appreciation of Japanese cultural norms surrounding food and dining. Meals in Japan are often seen as communal and ritualistic events, where expressing gratitude is paramount. Therefore, the verb used to describe this event must reflect its significance.

Formal Context: Used in business settings, formal invitations, and when speaking to superiors to show respect and proper etiquette.

社長と食事する予定があります。

The usage of this verb extends beyond just formal situations; it is also widely used in everyday life when emphasizing the event of the meal rather than the food itself. For example, if someone asks what you are doing, and you are sitting at a table eating dinner, saying 食事しています (shokuji shite imasu - I am having a meal) sounds more mature and comprehensive than simply saying 食べています (tabete imasu - I am eating). This is because the former encompasses the entire activity, including the preparation, the setting, and the social interaction involved.

Everyday Context: Used by adults in daily conversation to describe the act of having breakfast, lunch, or dinner in a structured manner.

家族と一緒に食事するのが一番の幸せです。

Moreover, the verb can be modified by various adverbs and adjectives to provide more detail about the meal. You can say 静かに食事する (shizuka ni shokuji suru - to dine quietly) or 楽しく食事する (tanoshiku shokuji suru - to dine happily). This flexibility makes it an indispensable tool for descriptive language.

Descriptive Context: Used in literature, articles, and detailed storytelling to paint a vivid picture of the dining atmosphere and experience.

高級レストランで食事する機会がありました。

毎日同じ時間に食事することは健康に良いです。

一人で食事するのも悪くない。

In conclusion, mastering the use of this vocabulary word is not just about memorizing a translation; it is about understanding the cultural weight and social implications of dining in Japan. It bridges the gap between basic survival Japanese and fluent, culturally aware communication. By recognizing when to use this over simpler alternatives, learners can navigate Japanese social interactions with greater confidence, respect, and linguistic precision, ensuring their intended tone is always accurately conveyed to their conversational partners.

Constructing sentences with 食事する (shokuji suru) requires a solid understanding of Japanese verb conjugation, particle usage, and sentence structure. Because it is a 'suru-verb' (a noun combined with the verb suru), it follows the standard conjugation rules for irregular verbs. This means that the stem is 食事し (shokuji shi), which can be attached to various suffixes to change the tense, politeness level, and mood of the sentence. For example, in the polite present or future tense, it becomes 食事します (shokuji shimasu). In the polite past tense, it is 食事しました (shokuji shimashita). For negative forms, you would use 食事しません (shokuji shimasen) or 食事しませんでした (shokuji shimasen deshita). Understanding these basic conjugations is the first step to using the word correctly in everyday conversation. Beyond conjugation, the choice of particles is crucial for adding context to the action. The most common particles used with this verb are と (to), which means 'with,' で (de), which indicates the location where the action takes place, and に (ni), which can indicate time or purpose.

Using Particle 'To' (With): This particle is used to specify the person or people you are dining with, emphasizing the social aspect of the meal.

友達と食事する約束があります。

When you want to specify where the meal is taking place, the particle で (de) is essential. It marks the location of the active event. For instance, レストランで食事する (resutoran de shokuji suru) means 'to dine at a restaurant.' This is a very common pattern, especially when making plans or recounting past events.

Using Particle 'De' (At/In): This particle indicates the venue or setting of the meal, which is particularly useful for setting the scene in a narrative.

ホテルのラウンジで食事するのが好きです。

Time expressions are also frequently paired with this verb. You can use specific times with the particle に (ni), such as ７時に食事する (shichiji ni shokuji suru - to have a meal at 7 o'clock), or relative time words without a particle, such as 明日食事する (ashita shokuji suru - to have a meal tomorrow). Combining these elements allows for highly descriptive and precise sentences. For example, 明日の夜、７時に、有名なレストランで、家族と食事します (Ashita no yoru, shichiji ni, yuumei na resutoran de, kazoku to shokuji shimasu - Tomorrow night at 7 o'clock, I will have a meal with my family at a famous restaurant).

Combining Particles: Mastering the combination of time, location, and companion particles creates fluent, native-like sentence structures.

週末に恋人と海辺で食事するつもりです。

仕事の後に同僚と食事することが多いです。

ここで食事するのは初めてです。

Another advanced usage involves modifying nouns with the verb. By placing the plain form of the verb before a noun, you create a relative clause. For example, 食事する時間 (shokuji suru jikan) means 'time to have a meal,' and 食事する場所 (shokuji suru basho) means 'a place to have a meal.' This grammatical structure is incredibly useful for expressing needs or constraints, such as saying 'I don't have time to eat' (食事する時間がありません - shokuji suru jikan ga arimasen). By practicing these various sentence patterns, learners can elevate their Japanese from simple, fragmented phrases to complex, expressive communication that accurately reflects their intentions and the nuances of the situation.

The verb 食事する (shokuji suru) is ubiquitous in Japanese society, but its frequency and application vary significantly depending on the environment, the relationship between the speakers, and the medium of communication. You will actually hear and see this word in a multitude of real-world scenarios, ranging from formal business correspondence to everyday social planning. One of the most common places you will encounter this word is in the workplace. In Japanese corporate culture, building relationships through shared meals is a critical component of business. Therefore, phrases involving this verb are frequently used when scheduling meetings, entertaining clients, or organizing company gatherings.

Business Environments: Used extensively in emails, scheduling, and formal conversations to arrange meetings over lunch or dinner with clients and colleagues.

明日の昼、取引先の方と食事することになっています。

Beyond the office, you will frequently hear this word in the hospitality and service industries. Hotel staff, restaurant concierges, and tour guides use it to inquire about guests' dining plans or to provide information about dining facilities. For example, a hotel receptionist might ask what time you plan to have your meal, or a guidebook might describe a scenic spot as a great place to dine.

Hospitality and Tourism: Employed by service professionals to ensure guests have a pleasant dining experience, often appearing in brochures and itineraries.

当ホテルでは、夜景を見ながら食事することができます。

In everyday social life, adults use this word when making plans with friends, romantic partners, or family members. While younger people or close friends might simply say 'gohan o tabeyou' (let's eat food), using 'shokuji shiyou' (let's have a meal) implies a more substantial, planned event, perhaps at a nicer restaurant rather than a quick fast-food stop. It elevates the occasion from mere sustenance to a social event.

Social Planning: Utilized among adults to arrange dates, catch-ups, and family gatherings, indicating a dedicated time for dining and conversation.

今度の週末、久しぶりに一緒に食事するのはどうですか。

記念日には、いつもより少し豪華な場所で食事するようにしています。

両親と食事するために実家に帰ります。

Furthermore, you will encounter this vocabulary in medical and health-related contexts. Doctors, nutritionists, and fitness trainers often use it when discussing dietary habits, digestion, and lifestyle routines. For example, a doctor might advise a patient on when to take medication relative to their meal times, using phrases like 'shokuji suru mae ni' (before having a meal) or 'shokuji shita ato de' (after having a meal). In these contexts, the word is treated as a clinical, objective description of the daily routine of eating. Overall, whether you are navigating the corporate world, enjoying Japanese hospitality, managing your social calendar, or visiting a clinic, this word is an essential part of the linguistic landscape, demonstrating its versatility and importance in daily Japanese life.

When learning the Japanese verb 食事する (shokuji suru), students frequently encounter a few specific pitfalls that can lead to unnatural or grammatically incorrect sentences. Understanding these common mistakes is essential for achieving fluency and sounding like a native speaker. The most prevalent error stems from the confusion between this word and the simpler verb 食べる (taberu - to eat). Because both translate to concepts related to eating in English, learners often use them interchangeably, which is incorrect in Japanese. 食べる requires a direct object marked by the particle を (o), such as りんごを食べる (ringo o taberu - to eat an apple). In contrast, 食事する is an intransitive action that describes the event of dining itself; it does not take a direct object of the food being consumed.

The Direct Object Mistake: Learners often incorrectly try to attach a specific food item to this verb using the object particle 'o', which sounds highly unnatural.

❌ 寿司を食事する。 (Incorrect)

Another common mistake involves the redundancy of using the noun form with the verb form. Sometimes, learners will say 食事を食事する (shokuji o shokuji suru), which is entirely redundant and incorrect. The correct way to use the noun form with a verb is to say 食事をする (shokuji o suru), which is grammatically identical in meaning to the compound verb 食事する, but slightly more emphatic on the noun.

Redundancy Errors: Repeating the concept of the meal by combining the noun and the compound verb creates an awkward and incorrect sentence structure.

⭕️ 家族と食事する。 (Correct)

A third frequent error is related to register and formality. Because 食事する sounds slightly formal and mature, using it in highly casual situations with close friends or children can sound stiff or overly polite. For example, a teenager asking their best friend to grab a quick burger would sound strange if they used this verb. Instead, they would use ご飯を食べる (gohan o taberu) or simply 食う (kuu - highly casual/masculine).

Register Mismatch: Using this formal-leaning verb in very casual, quick, or intimate settings can create an unintended distance between speakers.

⚠️ ねぇ、マックで食事する？ (Sounds unnaturally formal for McDonald's)

⭕️ ねぇ、マックでご飯食べない？ (Natural casual phrasing)

⭕️ レストランで静かに食事する。 (Appropriate use of the verb)

Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with the conjugation of suru-verbs in the potential form. To say 'can have a meal,' the correct form is 食事できる (shokuji dekiru), not 食事される (which is passive/honorific) or 食事すれる (which does not exist). Mastering the irregular conjugation of 'suru' to 'dekiru' is vital for expressing ability or possibility correctly. By paying attention to these common mistakes—avoiding direct objects, preventing redundancy, matching the social register, and conjugating correctly—learners can significantly improve their accuracy and naturalness when using this important Japanese vocabulary word.

The Japanese language is rich with vocabulary related to food and dining, offering numerous alternatives to 食事する (shokuji suru) depending on the exact nuance, formality, and context the speaker wishes to convey. Understanding these similar words and knowing when to use them is a hallmark of an advanced learner. The most direct and common alternative is 食べる (taberu), which simply means 'to eat.' As discussed previously, 食べる focuses on the physical consumption of food and can take a direct object, whereas 食事する focuses on the event of the meal.

食べる (Taberu) - To Eat: The most basic verb for eating. Use this when you want to specify what you are eating or when the focus is purely on the act of consuming food.

朝ごはんにパンを食べる。

Another very common phrase is ご飯を食べる (gohan o taberu), which literally translates to 'to eat rice' but is idiomatically used to mean 'to have a meal.' This is the most natural and frequent alternative used in casual, everyday conversation among friends and family. It is less stiff than 食事する but conveys the same general idea of sitting down for breakfast, lunch, or dinner.

ご飯を食べる (Gohan o taberu) - To have a meal (Casual): The standard casual expression for having a meal. 'Gohan' acts as a placeholder for any type of meal, not just rice.

友達とご飯を食べる約束をした。

For more formal or specific situations, there are specialized terms. For instance, 会食する (kaishoku suru) means 'to dine together,' but it carries a very formal, business-oriented nuance. It is often used for official company dinners, political banquets, or formal gatherings where the primary purpose is networking or discussing important matters over food.

会食する (Kaishoku suru) - To dine together (Formal/Business): A highly formal term used almost exclusively in business, politics, or official contexts to describe a formal dinner meeting.

今夜は重要なクライアントと会食する。

外食する (gaishoku suru) means to eat out at a restaurant.

試食する (shishoku suru) means to taste or sample food.

Additionally, words like 外食する (gaishoku suru - to eat out) and 自炊する (jisui suru - to cook for oneself) are useful related verbs that describe the method or location of the meal rather than just the act of eating. By expanding your vocabulary to include these alternatives, you can express your dining habits and plans with much greater precision and cultural appropriateness, tailoring your language to fit the exact social context of your conversation.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient Japan, meals were often only eaten twice a day (morning and evening). The concept of three meals a day (including lunch, or 'chuushoku') became widespread much later, influenced by modernization and changing labor patterns.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ɕo.kɯ.dʑi sɯ.ɾɯ/

US /ʃoʊ.ku.dʒi su.ru/

Pitch accent: Sho-KU-JI su-ru (Low-High-High Low-Low). The pitch rises on 'ku' and stays high on 'ji', then drops for 'suru'.

هم‌قافیه با

掃除する (souji suru - to clean) 返事する (henji suru - to reply) 指示する (shiji suru - to instruct) 維持する (iji suru - to maintain) 支持する (shiji suru - to support) 提示する (teiji suru - to present) 無事する (buji suru - not a real verb, but rhymes) 孤児する (koji suru - not a real verb, but rhymes)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'shokuji' as 'sho-koo-jee' with heavy English vowel length. Keep the vowels short and crisp.
Failing to tap the 'r' in 'suru', making it sound like an English 'r' or 'l'.
Adding an 'o' particle between 'shokuji' and 'suru' when it is not necessary, though 'shokuji o suru' is grammatically acceptable, it changes the rhythm.
Mispronouncing the 'u' in 'ku' and 'su'. In Japanese, these are often unrounded or even whispered (devoiced) depending on the speaker and dialect.
Putting stress on the first syllable 'Sho'. Japanese uses pitch accent, not stress accent.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

The kanji 食 (eat) and 事 (thing) are N5/N4 level and very common.

نوشتن 2/5

The kanji are relatively simple to write with basic stroke orders.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Requires remembering to use it as an intransitive verb without the 'o' particle for food items.

گوش دادن 2/5

Easy to recognize due to the distinct 'shokuji' sound.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

食べる (to eat) 飲む (to drink) レストラン (restaurant) ご飯 (rice/meal) する (to do)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

外食する (to eat out) 注文する (to order) 奢る (to treat someone to a meal) 割り勘 (splitting the bill) 自炊する (to cook for oneself)

پیشرفته

会食する (to dine together formally) 晩餐 (banquet) 孤食 (eating alone) 飽食 (gluttony) 粗食 (simple diet)

گرامر لازم

Suru-Verb Conjugation

食事する (dictionary) -> 食事します (polite) -> 食事しない (negative) -> 食事した (past)

Particle と (to) for Accompaniment

友達と食事する (to have a meal WITH a friend)

Particle で (de) for Location of Action

レストランで食事する (to have a meal AT a restaurant)

Verb Modification of Nouns

食事する時間 (time TO have a meal)

Nagara (While doing)

テレビを見ながら食事する (to have a meal WHILE watching TV)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

わたしは７じに食事します。

I have a meal at 7 o'clock.

Uses the polite present tense 'shimasu' and the time particle 'ni'.

レストランで食事しました。

I had a meal at a restaurant.

Uses the polite past tense 'shimashita' and the location particle 'de'.

ここで食事しますか。

Will you have a meal here?

Uses the question particle 'ka' at the end of the sentence.

いいえ、食事しません。

No, I will not have a meal.

Uses the polite negative form 'shimasen'.

あした食事します。

I will have a meal tomorrow.

Relative time words like 'ashita' do not need the particle 'ni'.

ともだちと食事します。

I will have a meal with a friend.

Uses the particle 'to' to indicate 'with someone'.

まいにち食事します。

I have a meal every day.

'Mainichi' indicates a habitual action.

ひとりで食事しました。

I had a meal alone.

'Hitori de' means 'by oneself' or 'alone'.

一緒に食事しませんか。

Won't you have a meal with me?

Uses the negative question form '-shimasen ka' for polite invitations.

週末、家族と食事する予定です。

I plan to have a meal with my family this weekend.

Uses the plain form 'suru' + 'yotei desu' to express a plan.

美味しいレストランで食事しましょう。

Let's have a meal at a delicious restaurant.

Uses the volitional form '-shimashou' to mean 'let's do'.

食事する時間がありません。

I don't have time to have a meal.

Plain verb modifies the noun 'jikan' (time).

どこで食事したいですか。

Where do you want to have a meal?

Uses the desire form '-shitai desu'.

もう食事しましたか。

Have you already had a meal?

'Mou' + past tense means 'already done'.

テレビを見ながら食事します。

I have a meal while watching TV.

Uses the stem 'shi' + 'nagara' to indicate simultaneous actions.

食事したあとで、映画を見ます。

After having a meal, I will watch a movie.

Uses the past plain form 'shita' + 'ato de' meaning 'after doing'.

忙しくて、ゆっくり食事することができません。

I'm so busy that I cannot have a leisurely meal.

Uses 'koto ga dekimasen' for inability.

健康のために、毎日同じ時間に食事するようにしています。

For my health, I try to have a meal at the same time every day.

Uses 'you ni shite imasu' to indicate a habitual effort.

彼と食事すると、いつも楽しいです。

Whenever I have a meal with him, it is always fun.

Uses the conditional 'to' meaning 'whenever/if'.

食事する前に、必ず手を洗ってください。

Please make sure to wash your hands before having a meal.

Uses plain form + 'mae ni' meaning 'before doing'.

外で食事するより、家で作るほうが好きです。

I prefer cooking at home rather than having a meal outside.

Uses 'yori... hou ga' for comparisons.

このレストランは、静かに食事するのに最適です。

This restaurant is perfect for having a quiet meal.

Uses 'no ni' meaning 'for the purpose of'.

食事している最中に、電話がかかってきました。

The phone rang right in the middle of having a meal.

Uses 'shite iru saichuu ni' meaning 'right in the middle of doing'.

今日は外で食事しようと思っています。

I am thinking of having a meal outside today.

Uses volitional 'shiyou' + 'to omotte imasu' for intentions.

明日の夜、大切なお客様と食事する予定が入っております。

I have a schedule to dine with an important client tomorrow night.

Uses polite business phrasing 'yotei ga haitte orimasu'.

会議が長引いたため、食事する暇もありませんでした。

Because the meeting ran long, I didn't even have free time to have a meal.

Uses 'hima mo arimasen deshita' for emphasis on lack of time.

食事する環境が、味の感じ方に影響を与えると言われています。

It is said that the environment in which you dine affects how you perceive taste.

Uses passive 'to iwarete imasu' (it is said that).

彼は仕事の付き合いで食事することが多いそうです。

I hear he often has meals for work-related socializing.

Uses 'sou desu' for hearsay.

アレルギーがあるので、外で食事する際は常に気をつけています。

Because I have allergies, I am always careful when dining out.

Uses 'sai wa' as a formal way to say 'when'.

規則正しく食事することは、ダイエットの基本です。

Having meals regularly is the foundation of a diet.

Nominalizes the verb with 'koto' to make it the subject.

社長と食事する機会に恵まれ、大変光栄でした。

I was blessed with the opportunity to dine with the president, and it was a great honor.

Uses formal vocabulary like 'kikai ni megumare' and 'kouei'.

どんなに忙しくても、家族と食事する時間だけは確保したい。

No matter how busy I am, I want to secure at least the time to have a meal with my family.

Uses 'donna ni... te mo' (no matter how) and 'dake wa' (at least).

現代社会において、家族揃って食事する意義が再評価されている。

In modern society, the significance of families dining together is being re-evaluated.

Uses academic phrasing 'ni oite' and 'saihyouka sarete iru'.

彼とは単に食事するだけの関係ではなく、深い信頼で結ばれている。

My relationship with him is not just about having meals together; we are bound by deep trust.

Uses 'dake no kankei de wa naku' to express 'not just a relationship of...'.

そのレストランは、五感すべてで食事する体験を提供してくれる。

That restaurant provides an experience where you dine with all five senses.

Uses abstract concepts like 'gokan subete de' (with all five senses).

食事する行為自体が、一種のコミュニケーションツールとして機能している。

The act of dining itself functions as a kind of communication tool.

Uses 'koui jitai' (the act itself) and 'kinou shite iru' (functions as).

海外で食事する際、その国のマナーを尊重することは最低限の礼儀だ。

When dining abroad, respecting that country's manners is the bare minimum of courtesy.

Uses strong assertions like 'saiteigen no reigi da'.

彼は食事する間も惜しんで、研究に没頭していた。

He was so immersed in his research that he begrudged even the time to have a meal.

Uses the idiom 'ma mo oshinde' (begrudging even the time).

孤食が増加する中、誰かと共に食事する喜びを忘れてはならない。

Amidst the increase in eating alone, we must not forget the joy of dining with someone.

Uses sociological terms like 'koshoku' (eating alone).

上質な空間で食事することで、心身ともにリフレッシュできる。

By dining in a high-quality space, one can refresh both mind and body.

Uses 'koto de' to indicate the means or method.

その小説では、登場人物が沈黙の中で食事する描写が、彼らの心理的距離を見事に表現している。

In that novel, the depiction of the characters dining in silence brilliantly expresses their psychological distance.

Literary analysis phrasing using 'byousha' (depiction) and 'shinriteki kyori' (psychological distance).

食の安全が脅かされる昨今、安心して食事できる環境の構築は急務である。

Nowadays, with food safety being threatened, building an environment where one can dine with peace of mind is an urgent task.

Uses formal societal discourse 'kyuumu de aru' (is an urgent task).

単なる栄養摂取を超え、文化を享受する手段として食事する態度が求められる。

An attitude of dining as a means of enjoying culture, beyond mere nutritional intake, is required.

Highly academic vocabulary 'eiyou sesshu' (nutritional intake) and 'kyouju suru' (to enjoy/receive).

晩餐会で各国の首脳が和やかに食事する光景は、平和の象徴とも言える。

The sight of world leaders dining amicably at a banquet can be said to be a symbol of peace.

Uses diplomatic vocabulary 'bansankai' (banquet) and 'shunou' (leaders).

彼は食事するという日常的な行為にすら、独自の哲学を見出していた。

He found his own unique philosophy even in the mundane act of having a meal.

Uses 'ni sura' (even in) to emphasize the mundane nature of the act.

その料亭は、ただ食事する場ではなく、日本の伝統美を体感する総合芸術の空間であった。

That traditional restaurant was not merely a place to dine, but a space of comprehensive art to experience traditional Japanese beauty.

Uses 'sougou geijutsu' (comprehensive art).

飢餓に苦しむ人々がいる一方で、飽食の時代に生きる我々がどのように食事するべきか、深く自問する必要がある。

While there are people suffering from starvation, we who live in an age of gluttony must deeply question ourselves on how we should dine.

Uses stark contrasts 'kiga' (starvation) and 'houshoku' (gluttony).

食事する所作の一つ一つに、その人の品格や育ちが如実に表れるものだ。

A person's dignity and upbringing are vividly revealed in every single movement they make while dining.

Uses 'shosa' (movements/behavior) and 'nyojitsu ni arawareru' (vividly revealed).

ترکیب‌های رایج

一緒に食事する

家族と食事する

レストランで食事する

静かに食事する

食事する時間

食事する場所

外で食事する

ゆっくり食事する

楽しく食事する

食事する約束

عبارات رایج

お食事する

— The polite form of the verb, adding the honorific prefix 'o'. Used to sound more refined or when referring to someone else's meal.

先生がお食事する。

食事しに行く

— To go out for the purpose of having a meal. Combines the stem 'shokuji shi' with 'ni iku'.

今から食事しに行きます。

食事して帰る

— To have a meal and then return home. A common phrase for after-work plans.

今日は食事して帰ります。

食事しながら

— While having a meal. Used to describe simultaneous actions.

食事しながらテレビを見る。

食事したばかり

— Just finished having a meal. Uses the 'ta bakari' grammar point.

食事したばかりでお腹がいっぱいです。

食事するつもり

— Plan or intend to have a meal.

後で食事するつもりです。

食事するべき

— Should have a meal. Used for advice or obligation.

健康のために、ちゃんと食事するべきだ。

食事したほうがいい

— It is better to have a meal. Used for giving advice.

薬を飲む前に食事したほうがいいですよ。

食事しないと

— Must have a meal. A casual abbreviation of 'shokuji shinai to ikenai'.

もうこんな時間だ、食事しないと。

食事させられる

— To be made to have a meal. The causative-passive form, used when forced to eat.

無理やり食事させられた。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

食事する vs 食べる (taberu)

Taberu takes a direct object (food). Shokuji suru does not; it refers to the event of the meal.

食事する vs 掃除する (souji suru)

Sounds similar but means 'to clean'. Context usually makes it obvious, but beginners sometimes mix them up.

食事する vs 食う (kuu)

A very rough, masculine way to say 'eat'. Completely opposite in register to the polite 'shokuji suru'.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"同じ釜の飯を食う"

— To eat from the same pot. An idiom meaning to live together and share joys and sorrows, building a strong bond. (Uses 'kuu' instead of 'shokuji suru' but is conceptually related).

彼とは同じ釜の飯を食った仲だ。

Neutral/Idiomatic

"三度の飯より好き"

— To like something more than three meals a day. Means to be absolutely obsessed with something.

彼は三度の飯より野球が好きだ。

Casual

"食事が喉を通らない"

— Meals won't pass through the throat. Means to be so worried, sad, or stressed that one cannot eat.

心配で食事が喉を通らない。

Neutral

"箸が進む"

— Chopsticks advance. Means the food is so delicious that one eats a lot of it quickly.

料理が美味しくて箸が進む。

Neutral

"腹が減っては戦はできぬ"

— You cannot fight a war on an empty stomach. You need to eat to have energy for tasks.

まずは食事しよう、腹が減っては戦はできぬからな。

Proverb

"食い逃げ"

— Eat and run. To leave a restaurant without paying for the meal.

あの客は食い逃げした。

Slang/Criminal

"食わず嫌い"

— Disliking something without having tasted it. Also applies to prejudice against things one hasn't tried.

それは単なる食わず嫌いだよ。

Neutral

"美味しいところを持っていく"

— To take the delicious parts. To take all the credit for something without doing the hard work.

彼はいつも美味しいところを持っていく。

Idiomatic

"自腹を切る"

— To cut one's own stomach. To pay out of one's own pocket, often used when paying for a meal that should have been expensed.

今日の食事代は自腹を切った。

Idiomatic

"ご馳走になる"

— To be treated to a meal. A standard phrase used when someone else pays for your dining.

先輩に食事をご馳走になった。

Polite

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

食事する vs 食べる

Both translate to eating concepts in English.

食べる is the physical act of eating and takes an object (りんごを食べる). 食事する is the social event of dining and is intransitive.

❌ りんごを食事する。 ⭕️ りんごを食べる。

食事する vs 外食する

Both refer to meals.

外食する specifically means to eat OUT at a restaurant. 食事する can happen anywhere, including at home.

今日は家で食事する。(Today I will dine at home.)

食事する vs 会食する

Both are formal words for dining.

会食する implies a formal gathering or meeting over food, usually for business or politics. 食事する is general dining.

総理大臣と会食する。(To dine with the Prime Minister.)

食事する vs ご飯

Used in the phrase 'gohan o taberu' which means the same thing.

ご飯 is a noun meaning rice or meal. You cannot say 'gohan suru'. You must use 'taberu' with it.

ご飯を食べる。(To have a meal - casual.)

食事する vs 給食

Shares the 'shoku' kanji and relates to meals.

給食 (kyuushoku) refers specifically to school lunches provided by the institution, not the general act of dining.

学校で給食を食べる。(To eat school lunch at school.)

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Time] に食事します。

７時に食事します。

[Location] で食事します。

家で食事します。

[Person] と一緒に食事しませんか。

田中さんと一緒に食事しませんか。

食事する予定です。

明日、食事する予定です。

食事する [Noun] がありません。

食事する時間がありません。

食事する前に、〜。

食事する前に、手を洗います。

〜と食事することになっています。

社長と食事することになっています。

食事することで、〜。

家族と食事することで、絆が深まる。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

食事 (shokuji - meal)

朝食 (choushoku - breakfast)

昼食 (chuushoku - lunch)

夕食 (yuushoku - dinner)

外食 (gaishoku - eating out)

定食 (teishoku - set meal)

فعل‌ها

食べる (taberu - to eat)

食う (kuu - to eat, casual)

会食する (kaishoku suru - to dine together)

試食する (shishoku suru - to taste)

صفت‌ها

美味しい (oishii - delicious)

まずい (mazui - bad tasting)

مرتبط

食器 (shokki - tableware)

食堂 (shokudou - dining hall)

食欲 (shokuyoku - appetite)

食費 (shokuhi - food expenses)

食材 (shokuzai - ingredients)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Very common in daily life, business, and media.

اشتباهات رایج

パンを食事する。 → パンを食べる。
'Shokuji suru' cannot take a direct object of food. If you want to specify what you are eating, you must use the verb 'taberu'.
食事を食事する。 → 食事をする。 (or just 食事する)
Repeating the word 'shokuji' is redundant and unnatural. You can either use the compound verb 'shokuji suru' or the noun + verb 'shokuji o suru'.
レストランに食事する。 → レストランで食事する。
The particle for the location where an action takes place is 'で' (de), not 'に' (ni). 'Ni' is used for existence or destination.
友達が食事するたい。 → 友達と食事したい。
To express desire, the stem of the verb 'shokuji shi' must be combined with 'tai'. Also, use 'と' (to) for 'with a friend', not 'が' (ga).
マックで食事しようぜ！ → マックでご飯食べようぜ！
Using the formal 'shokuji suru' with highly casual slang ('ze') and a fast-food context ('Mac') creates a jarring mismatch in register.

نکات

No Direct Objects

Never use the particle 'を' (o) with a specific food item before '食事する'. It is an event, not a consumption verb.

Elevate Your Tone

Swap out '食べる' for '食事する' in your essays or formal speeches to instantly sound more mature and proficient in Japanese.

The Event of Dining

Remember that Japanese culture values the ritual of the meal. Using this word acknowledges that dining is a social and structured event.

Short Vowels

Keep the vowels in 'shokuji' short. Do not drag out the 'o' or 'u' sounds, which is a common mistake for English speakers.

Catching the Particles

When listening to native speakers, pay close attention to the particles 'と' (with) and 'で' (at) to understand the context of their dining plans.

Kanji Practice

The kanji 食 (eat) and 事 (thing) are extremely common. Mastering them will help you read hundreds of other compound words.

Business Invitations

Always use '食事しませんか' instead of '食べませんか' when inviting a boss or client. It shows proper respect.

Not for Snacks

Do not use this word if you are just eating a candy bar or a quick onigiri while walking. It implies sitting down for a proper meal.

Noun Modification

Practice putting '食事する' before nouns like '時間' (time) or '場所' (place) to create complex, native-sounding sentences.

Shoku + Ji

Remember the literal translation: Food (Shoku) + Event (Ji). This will prevent you from using it incorrectly with specific food items.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine a SHOGUN (Sho) in a GI (ji) sitting down to SUE (su) a KANGAROO (ru) over a bad MEAL. Sho-gu-ji su-ru -> Shokuji suru = to have a meal.

تداعی تصویری

Picture a very formal dining table setting with a cloche cover. When you lift the cover, instead of food, there is a glowing sign that says 'EVENT'. This reminds you that shokuji suru is about the *event* of the meal, not just the food.

شبکه واژگان

食事する -> 食べる (to eat) -> レストラン (restaurant) -> 家族 (family) -> 一緒に (together) -> 朝食 (breakfast) -> 昼食 (lunch) -> 夕食 (dinner)

چالش

Next time you sit down for a meal, say 'Shokuji shimasu' out loud before you eat, instead of just 'Itadakimasu'. Notice how it makes the meal feel more like a planned event.

ریشه کلمه

The word is composed of two kanji: 食 (shoku), meaning 'eat' or 'food', and 事 (ji), meaning 'thing', 'matter', or 'event'. The verb する (suru) is the native Japanese word for 'to do'. Therefore, the literal translation is 'to do the event of eating'.

معنای اصلی: Historically, the concept of 'shokuji' referred to the formal event of partaking in food, distinguishing the civilized, structured act of dining from the animalistic act of merely consuming sustenance.

Sino-Japanese (Kango) vocabulary. The noun 'shokuji' uses On'yomi (Chinese readings) for both kanji, reflecting its formal and structured origins, while 'suru' is a native Japanese (Wago) verb.

بافت فرهنگی

Be aware of dietary restrictions and allergies when inviting someone to 'shokuji suru'. Also, in highly formal business settings, ensure you use the appropriate Keigo (honorifics) rather than just the standard polite form.

English speakers often just say 'eat' for everything ('Let's eat', 'I ate a burger'). In Japanese, you must distinguish between the act of consuming ('taberu') and the event of the meal ('shokuji suru').

The phrase 'Shokuji no jikan desu' (It's meal time) is a common trope in anime and Japanese dramas, often signaling a shift in the scene from action to domestic life. In the famous movie 'Spirited Away', the scenes of gluttony use the concept of 'taberu' (eating like pigs), while the structured, polite meals of the spirits represent 'shokuji'. Japanese literature often uses the atmosphere of 'shokuji suru' to establish the relationship dynamics between characters, as seen in the works of Haruki Murakami.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Making Plans

一緒に食事しませんか
どこで食事しましょうか
食事する時間がありますか
週末に食事する予定です

At a Hotel/Ryokan

お食事の時間は何時ですか
お部屋で食事できますか
食事する場所はどこですか
朝食はどこで食事しますか

Business Settings

お客様と食事する
会食の予定
お食事をご一緒する
食事しながら打ち合わせる

Health and Medicine

食事する前に薬を飲む
規則正しく食事する
食事制限がある
食事療法を行う

Daily Routine

家族と食事する
テレビを見ながら食事する
一人で食事する
静かに食事する

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"最近、どこか美味しいレストランで食事しましたか？ (Have you had a meal at any delicious restaurants recently?)"

"普段、誰と一緒に食事することが多いですか？ (Who do you usually have meals with?)"

"日本に来てから、一番印象に残っている食事する場所はどこですか？ (Since coming to Japan, where is the most memorable place you've had a meal?)"

"忙しい時、どうやって食事する時間を確保していますか？ (When you are busy, how do you secure time to have a meal?)"

"一人で食事するのと、大勢で食事するの、どちらが好きですか？ (Do you prefer having a meal alone or with a large group?)"

موضوعات نگارش

今日、誰とどこで食事したか、詳しく書いてみましょう。 (Write in detail about who you had a meal with and where today.)

あなたにとって、理想的な「食事する時間」とはどのようなものですか？ (What does an ideal 'meal time' look like to you?)

子供の頃、家族と食事する時のルールや思い出について書いてください。 (Write about the rules or memories of having meals with your family when you were a child.)

もし世界中の誰とでも食事できるとしたら、誰と食事したいですか？その理由は？ (If you could have a meal with anyone in the world, who would it be and why?)

健康のために、食事する際に気をつけていることは何ですか？ (What do you pay attention to when having a meal for the sake of your health?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, this is grammatically incorrect. 'Shokuji suru' is an intransitive verb that describes the event of dining, not the consumption of a specific item. You must use 'taberu' for specific foods: 'ピザを食べる' (piza o taberu).

There is almost no difference in meaning. '食事する' is a compound verb, while '食事をする' treats 'shokuji' as a noun and 'suru' as the verb. Both are correct, but '食事する' is slightly more concise and commonly used as a single unit.

It can sound a bit stiff if you are just grabbing a quick bite. With close friends, it is more natural to say 'ご飯を食べる' (gohan o taberu) or '食べに行く' (tabe ni iku). However, if you are planning a nice dinner out, '食事する' is perfectly fine.

The most common and polite way is to say '一緒に食事しませんか' (Issho ni shokuji shimasen ka - Won't you have a meal with me?). This is appropriate for colleagues, acquaintances, and superiors.

Yes, 'shokuji' applies to any proper meal of the day: breakfast, lunch, or dinner. However, if you want to be specific, you can say '朝食をとる' (choushoku o toru) or '朝ごはんを食べる' (asagohan o taberu).

When referring to your own actions to show respect to someone else, you can use 'お食事いたします' (oshokuji itashimasu). However, in most standard business contexts, simply saying '食事します' is acceptable unless you are speaking to a very high-ranking client.

You can say '食事する時間がありません' (Shokuji suru jikan ga arimasen). This uses the plain form of the verb to modify the noun 'jikan' (time).

It is normally written in kanji: 食事. If you cannot write the kanji, you would write it in hiragana: しょくじ. It is not a foreign loanword, so katakana (ショクジ) is not used unless for stylistic emphasis.

No. '食事する' means that you are the one having the meal. To feed someone, you would use a different verb, such as '食べさせる' (tabesaseru - to make/let someone eat) or '餌をやる' (esa o yaru - to feed an animal).

Use the particle 'で' (de). For example, 'レストランで食事する' (resutoran de shokuji suru - to have a meal at a restaurant). Do not use 'に' (ni) for the location of an action.

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