این صفحه به زبان شما
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A2 verb رسمی #1,500 پرکاربردترین 3 دقیقه مطالعه

たちます

tachimasu /tachiꜜmasu/
تمرین کن

Overview

The Japanese verb 'たちます' (tachimasu) is the polite, non-past form of the verb '立つ' (tatsu), which means 'to stand' or 'to get up.' It's a versatile verb with several nuances depending on the context. Let's break down its usage and conjugations.

Meaning and Usage:

  1. 1To Stand / To Get Up: This is the most common and literal meaning. It refers to the action of rising from a sitting or lying position to a standing one.
  • Example: 椅子から立ちます。(Isu kara tachimasu.) - I stand up from the chair.
  • Example: 朝、7時に起きて、すぐ立ちます。(Asa, shichi-ji ni okite, sugu tachimasu.) - In the morning, I wake up at 7 and immediately get up (stand).
  1. 1To Stand (something) Upright: It can also be used transitively to mean setting something upright.
  • Example: 旗を立てます。(Hata o tatemasu.) - I raise the flag.
  • Note: In this specific transitive use, the verb often becomes '立てる' (tateru) in its dictionary form, and '立てます' (tatemasu) in its polite form, which is a related but distinct verb. While '立つ' primarily refers to an agent standing, '立てる' refers to an agent causing something else to stand. However, 'たちます' can sometimes be used in a more general sense of 'to stand' where the object is implied or understood.
  1. 1To Appear / To Rise / To Emerge: In some contexts, 'たちます' can mean for something to appear, rise, or emerge.
  • Example: 煙が立ちます。(Kemuri ga tachimasu.) - Smoke rises.
  • Example: 波が立ちます。(Nami ga tachimasu.) - Waves rise.
  1. 1To Be Erected / To Be Built: For structures, it can mean to be erected or built.
  • Example: 新しいビルが立ちます。(Atarashii biru ga tachimasu.) - A new building is built.
  1. 1To Start / To Be Established: It can also convey the meaning of something starting or being established.
  • Example: 計画が立ちます。(Keikaku ga tachimasu.) - A plan is formed/established.

Conjugation of '立つ' (tatsu):

'立つ' is a Godan verb (Group 1 verb), which means its stem changes before different endings.

  • Dictionary Form: 立つ (tatsu)
  • Polite Non-Past (Present/Future Affirmative): 立ちます (tachimasu) - This is the form you provided.
  • Example: 毎日立ちます。(Mainichi tachimasu.) - I stand every day.
  • Polite Non-Past (Present/Future Negative): 立ちません (tachimasen)
  • Example: 立ちません。(Tachimasen.) - I don't stand.
  • Polite Past Affirmative: 立ちました (tachimashita)
  • Example: 立ちました。(Tachimashita.) - I stood.
  • Polite Past Negative: 立ちませんでした (tachimasen deshita)
  • Example: 立ちませんでした。(Tachimasen deshita.) - I didn't stand.
  • Te-form: 立って (tatte)
  • Used for connecting clauses, requesting, etc.
  • Example: 立って、話してください。(Tatte, hanashite kudasai.) - Stand up and please speak.
  • Tai-form (Want to stand): 立ちたい (tachitai)
  • Example: 立ちたいです。(Tachitai desu.) - I want to stand.
  • Volitional Form (Let's stand): 立とう (tatou)
  • Polite: 立ちましょう (tachimashou)
  • Example: 立ちましょう。(Tachimashou.) - Let's stand.
  • Potential Form (Can stand): 立てる (tateru)
  • Polite: 立てます (tatemasu)
  • Example: 立てますか？ (Tatemasu ka?) - Can you stand?
  • Imperative Form (Stand!): 立て (tate)
  • Example: 立て！ (Tate!) - Stand up!

Understanding 'たちます' and its base verb '立つ' is fundamental for grasping many basic Japanese expressions related to posture, position, and the emergence of things.

مثال‌ها

1

電車では、お年寄りに席を譲るために立ちます。

電車

On the train, I stand up to give my seat to an elder.

2

会議で意見を言うために立ちました。

会議

I stood up to express my opinion at the meeting.

3

朝早く起きて、新しい一日がたちます。

時間

I wake up early in the morning and a new day begins.

4

彼のビジネスは急速にたちました。

ビジネス

His business was established quickly.

5

この法律は来月からたちます。

法律

This law will be enacted from next month.

ترکیب‌های رایج

席を立つ
早く立つ
まっすぐ立つ
起きて立つ

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

たちます در مقابل 打ちます
There is only one stroke difference between たちます and 打ちます.

الگوهای دستوری

Noun が 立ちます Sentence + と、立ちます Verb-ます form + 立ちます

نحوه استفاده

نکات کاربردی

'たちます' is a versatile verb with several common uses. Its primary meanings are 'to stand' (e.g., 彼は立っています - Kare wa tatteimasu - He is standing) and 'to get up' (e.g., 毎朝6時に起きて、すぐ立ちます - Maiasa rokuji ni okite, sugu tachimasu - I wake up at 6 every morning and immediately get up). It can also be used to describe objects standing upright (e.g., 電柱が立っています - Denchuu ga tatteimasu - A utility pole is standing). Furthermore, '立つ' has idiomatic uses, such as '役に立つ' (yaku ni tatsu - to be useful), '目立つ' (medatsu - to stand out), and '計画が立つ' (keikaku ga tatsu - a plan is made). When used in conjunction with other verbs, it can indicate the beginning of an action, as in '立ち上がる' (tachiagaru - to stand up, to rise). The honorific equivalent for 'たちます' is 'お立ちになります' (o-tachi ni narimasu).

اشتباهات رایج

A common mistake for learners is confusing 'たちます' (tachimasu - to stand/get up) with 'とまります' (tomarimasu - to stop). While they both end in '-masu' and are related to movement, their meanings are distinct. Another potential error is incorrectly conjugating the verb into different tenses or forms without fully understanding the stem 'たつ' (tatsu).

نکات

💡

Verb - (godan verb, intransitive)

to stand; to get up
💡

Verb - (godan verb, intransitive)

to stand up
💡

Verb - (godan verb, intransitive)

to rise

ریشه کلمه

The word 'たつ' (tatsu) from which 'たちます' is derived, has ancient Japanese origins. It can be traced back to the Old Japanese verb '立つ' which meant to stand, to rise, or to depart. Over centuries, its usage and conjugations evolved. The 'ます' ending is a polite auxiliary verb that attaches to the stem of a verb to indicate politeness and formality in present or future tense. The concept of 'standing' has been fundamental in human movement and action, making this verb a core part of the Japanese language from its earliest stages. Its phonetic form has remained relatively stable, with slight shifts over time, but the core meaning has persisted. The etymology reflects a deep connection to the physical actions of daily life and the development of polite speech in Japanese.

بافت فرهنگی

The Japanese word 'たちます' (tachimasu) is the polite present/future form of the verb '立つ' (tatsu), which means 'to stand' or 'to get up.' In Japanese culture, standing and getting up carry various social nuances. For instance, when an elder or a person of higher status enters a room, it is customary to stand up as a sign of respect. Similarly, when introducing oneself or bowing, one typically stands. In educational settings, students stand when greeting their teachers or answering questions. The act of 'standing up' can also symbolize starting something new, like '立ち上げる' (tachiageru), meaning 'to launch' or 'to start (a project).'

راهنمای حفظ

The word 'たちます' (tachimasu) sounds like 'touch a mat' in English. Imagine you're standing up to touch a mat. This can help you remember that 'たちます' means 'to stand' or 'to get up.'

سوالات متداول

4 سوال
The Japanese word for 'to stand' or 'to get up' is 'たちます' (tachimasu).
You can use 'たちます' in sentences like '電車が来たら、席を立ちます。' (Densha ga kitara, seki o tachimasu.) meaning 'When the train comes, I will stand up from my seat.' or '朝早くに立ちます。' (Asa hayaku ni tachimasu.) meaning 'I get up early in the morning.'
The dictionary form of 'たちます' is '立つ' (tatsu).
Yes, '立つ' can have other meanings depending on the context. For example, it can mean 'to depart' (e.g., '船が港を立つ' - fune ga minato o tatsu - 'The ship departs the harbor'), 'to be established' or 'to be built' (e.g., '計画が立つ' - keikaku ga tatsu - 'A plan is established'), or 'to be effective' or 'to be useful' (e.g., '役に立つ' - yaku ni tatsu - 'to be useful').

خودت رو بسنج

fill blank

Every morning, I ___ up at 6 o'clock.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
fill blank

Please ___ when the national anthem plays.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
fill blank

After sitting for a long time, it's good to ___ and stretch.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

امتیاز: /3

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