근면하다 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Diligence and hard work are key qualities.
- Consistent effort and carefulness define this trait.
- A highly valued attribute in Korean culture.
- Describes someone dedicated to their tasks.
The Korean adjective 근면하다 (geunmyeonhada) describes someone who is diligent, hardworking, and conscientious. It implies a consistent effort and dedication towards a task, whether it's studying, working, or fulfilling responsibilities. It's a positive trait often praised in Korean culture, emphasizing the value placed on effort and perseverance. When you see or hear this word, think of someone who doesn't shy away from hard work and consistently applies themselves to achieve their goals. It's not just about working long hours, but also about working with care and attention to detail.
- Core Meaning
- To be diligent; to be hardworking; to be industrious.
- Nuance
- It suggests a sustained and careful application of effort, often with a sense of responsibility and commitment. It's more than just being busy; it's about being productive and thorough.
- Cultural Significance
- In Korean society, diligence is highly valued. Parents often encourage their children to be 근면하다 in their studies, and employers appreciate 근면하다 employees. It's seen as a fundamental virtue that contributes to personal success and societal progress.
He is known for being very 근면하다 in his studies.
She is a 근면하다 worker who always finishes her tasks on time.
The students who are 근면하다 usually get good grades.
Using 근면하다 in sentences is straightforward once you understand its meaning. As an adjective, it typically modifies nouns, describing people or their actions. It can be used to praise someone's work ethic, describe a character in a story, or express a personal aspiration. The verb form 근면하다 is often conjugated into its descriptive form 근면한 (geunmyeonhan) when directly preceding a noun, or used with the copula ~습니다/-ㅂ니다 or ~어요/-아요 to form complete sentences. Remember that it's a positive attribute, so it's usually used in contexts where hard work and dedication are admired.
- Basic Structure
- [Noun]은/는 근면하다.
- Example
- 그 학생은 근면하다.
- Modifying a Noun
- Use 근면한 before a noun.
- Example
- 근면한 사람들은 성공할 가능성이 높습니다.
- Describing an Action/Quality
- Can be used with adverbs to emphasize the degree of diligence.
- Example
- 그녀는 매우 근면하다.
He is a 근면한 student who always studies hard.
The company values 근면한 employees.
She is a 근면하다 person who always gives her best.
Being 근면하다 is a key to success.
You'll frequently encounter 근면하다 in various aspects of Korean life and media. In educational settings, teachers might praise students for being 근면하다 in their studies, and parents often use the word to encourage their children to persevere. In the workplace, it's a common descriptor in performance reviews, highlighting employees who consistently put in effort and are dedicated to their tasks. You might hear it in job interviews when candidates describe their work ethic or when employers discuss the qualities they seek. News articles and documentaries often feature individuals who have achieved success through hard work, and 근면하다 would be a fitting adjective to describe them. It's also a word that appears in motivational speeches and self-help literature, emphasizing the importance of diligence for personal growth and achievement. Even in everyday conversations, people might use it to describe someone they admire for their dedication, such as a small business owner who works tirelessly or an artist who spends countless hours honing their craft.
- Educational Context
- Teachers, parents, and students discussing academic performance and study habits. For example, '그 학생은 정말 근면하다.' (That student is truly diligent.)
- Workplace Scenarios
- Performance reviews, job descriptions, discussions about employee contributions. For instance, '우리 팀은 근면한 팀원들로 구성되어 있습니다.' (Our team is composed of diligent members.)
- Biographies and Success Stories
- Descriptions of individuals who achieved success through hard work and dedication. '그 사업가는 근면하다는 말로 유명합니다.' (That entrepreneur is famous for being diligent.)
- Motivational Content
- Speeches, articles, and books encouraging perseverance and hard work. '성공하기 위해서는 근면하다는 자세가 중요합니다.' (A diligent attitude is important for success.)
- Character Descriptions
- In literature, films, or dramas, when describing a character's personality. '그녀는 근면한 농부의 딸입니다.' (She is the daughter of a diligent farmer.)
The artisan is known for his 근면한 craftsmanship.
The government encourages 근면한 citizens.
She is a 근면하다 researcher.
While 근면하다 is a relatively straightforward adjective, learners might make a few common mistakes. One common error is confusing it with words that simply mean 'busy' or 'active'. 근면하다 implies more than just activity; it suggests a quality of carefulness, dedication, and sustained effort. Another mistake could be in its grammatical conjugation. Forgetting to change 근면하다 to 근면한 when it precedes a noun is a frequent oversight. For example, saying '그는 근면하다 사람' instead of '그는 근면한 사람' would be grammatically incorrect. Learners might also overuse it, applying it to situations where 'busy' is more appropriate, or conversely, underusing it when describing someone who genuinely embodies diligence. Ensure you understand that 근면하다 is a strong positive attribute, not just a neutral description of activity.
- Confusing with 'Busy'
- Mistake: Using 근면하다 to simply mean 'busy'. Correct: 근면하다 implies diligent, careful, and sustained effort, not just being occupied. Use words like '바쁘다' (bappeuda) for 'busy'.
- Incorrect Noun Modification
- Mistake: Forgetting to change 근면하다 to 근면한 before a noun. Correct: Always use 근면한 when modifying a noun (e.g., 근면한 학생 - diligent student).
- Overusing the Adjective
- Mistake: Applying 근면하다 to every situation where someone is working. Correct: Reserve 근면하다 for describing genuine diligence, carefulness, and dedication, rather than just any form of work.
- Ignoring the Positive Connotation
- Mistake: Using 근면하다 in a negative or neutral context. Correct: 근면하다 is a positive trait. Ensure its usage reflects admiration for hard work and dedication.
Incorrect: 그는 근면하다 일꾼.
Correct: 그는 근면한 일꾼.
Incorrect: 그는 근면하다 직업.
Correct: 그는 근면한 직업을 가지고 있다.
Incorrect: 그녀는 근면하다 사람이야.
Correct: 그녀는 근면한 사람이야.
While 근면하다 is the primary term for diligence, there are related words and phrases that offer nuances or slightly different contexts. Understanding these alternatives can enrich your vocabulary and help you express yourself more precisely.
- 성실하다 (seongsilhada)
- This word means 'sincere,' 'faithful,' or 'conscientious.' It overlaps with 근면하다 in that a sincere person is often diligent. However, 성실하다 emphasizes trustworthiness and integrity more than just hard work. A 성실한 person can be relied upon, and they tend to do their work conscientiously.
- 노력하다 (noryeokada)
- This is a verb meaning 'to make an effort' or 'to strive.' While being 근면하다 implies consistent effort (노력하다), 노력하다 can be used for a specific instance of trying hard, whereas 근면하다 describes a habitual quality.
- 열심히 하다 (yeolsimhi hada)
- This phrase means 'to do something enthusiastically' or 'to work hard.' It's very close in meaning to 근면하다, often used interchangeably in casual conversation. However, 근면하다 might carry a slightly more formal or academic tone, emphasizing sustained effort and carefulness, while 열심히 하다 can describe a more general enthusiasm for a task.
- 부지런하다 (bujireonhada)
- This word means 'diligent,' 'industrious,' or 'prompt.' It's very similar to 근면하다 and often used interchangeably. However, 부지런하다 can also imply being active early in the morning or being prompt in one's actions, whereas 근면하다 focuses more on the sustained, careful nature of the work itself.
- 수고하다 (sugohada)
- This verb means 'to take pains,' 'to go through trouble,' or 'to work hard.' It's often used to acknowledge someone's hard work or effort, especially when they've completed a task. It's more about the act of enduring hardship for work than the inherent quality of diligence itself. For example, '수고하셨습니다' (Sugohasyeotseumnida) means 'You worked hard' or 'Thank you for your hard work.'
He is not only 근면하다 but also very 성실하다.
He always makes an effort to study.
She works hard on her project.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The concept of '근면' (diligence) is deeply embedded in East Asian cultures, including Korea, China, and Japan. It's often seen as a foundational virtue for personal success, societal stability, and economic development. Historically, it was promoted through Confucian teachings and later through national development policies.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Mispronouncing the vowel sounds, especially in '면' (myeon).
- Not clearly articulating the final '다' (da).
- Confusing the initial 'ㄱ' sound, which can sometimes sound like 'k'.
سطح دشواری
The word itself is straightforward, but understanding its cultural context and nuanced usage alongside similar words might require a B1 or B2 level. Comprehending its use in more formal or literary texts would be at a higher level.
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بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Adjective conjugation: 근면하다 -> 근면한
A diligent student: 근면한 학생. A student is diligent: 그 학생은 근면하다.
Adverbial form: 근면하다 -> 근면하게
To work diligently: 근면하게 일하다. To study diligently: 근면하게 공부하다.
Using the noun form 근면함
Diligence is important: 근면함은 중요하다. To show diligence: 근면함을 보이다.
Combining with other adjectives/adverbs for emphasis
Very diligent: 매우 근면하다. Sincerely and diligently: 성실하고 근면하게.
Using it in descriptive sentences with copula (~이다)
She is a diligent person: 그녀는 근면한 사람이다. (Or: 그녀는 근면하다.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
이 사람 일 잘해요.
This person works well.
Simple sentence structure, focusing on positive work.
그는 힘내서 해요.
He does it with strength/effort.
Focuses on the effort involved.
공부 많이 해요.
He/She studies a lot.
Basic statement about quantity of study.
이 사람은 착해요.
This person is good.
General positive attribute, can indirectly relate to good work.
매일 열심히 해요.
He/She does it hard every day.
Emphasizes daily effort.
그는 포기 안 해요.
He doesn't give up.
Focuses on perseverance.
일을 잘 끝내요.
He/She finishes work well.
Focuses on completion and quality.
정말 노력해요.
He/She really tries.
Emphasizes genuine effort.
그 학생은 공부를 아주 열심히 해요.
That student studies very hard.
Uses '열심히 하다' to describe hard work in studies.
그녀는 맡은 일을 잘하는 사람이에요.
She is a person who does her assigned tasks well.
Focuses on competence and responsibility in tasks.
이 회사는 근면한 직원을 좋아해요.
This company likes diligent employees.
Introduces '근면한' modifying '직원'.
그는 항상 약속 시간을 지켜요.
He always keeps his appointment times.
Relates to promptness, a facet of diligence.
이 사람은 맡은 일을 꼼꼼하게 해요.
This person does their assigned work meticulously.
Highlights meticulousness, a component of diligence.
그녀는 쉬지 않고 일해요.
She works without resting.
Describes continuous work, implying dedication.
성공하려면 노력이 필요해요.
To succeed, effort is needed.
Connects effort to success.
그는 정말 부지런한 사람이에요.
He is a very diligent/prompt person.
Introduces '부지런한' as a similar term.
그는 학업에 근면하다는 평가를 받고 있습니다.
He is receiving an evaluation of being diligent in his studies.
Uses '근면하다' in a more formal context with '평가'.
이 회사는 근면한 직원들에게 보너스를 지급합니다.
This company gives bonuses to diligent employees.
Shows a direct reward for diligence in a company setting.
그녀는 맡은 일을 성실하게 수행합니다.
She faithfully carries out her assigned tasks.
Uses the adverbial form of '성실하다' (faithfully) and '수행하다' (carry out).
성공의 비결은 꾸준한 노력이라고 생각합니다.
I believe the secret to success is steady effort.
Uses the noun form of '노력' (effort) and emphasizes consistency ('꾸준한').
그는 열심히 일해서 사업을 크게 키웠어요.
He worked hard and grew his business significantly.
Uses the adverb '열심히' (hard) with '일하다' (work) and '키우다' (grow).
나는 아침 일찍 일어나 부지런히 하루를 시작합니다.
I wake up early in the morning and diligently start my day.
Uses the adverbial form of '부지런하다' (diligently) to describe starting the day.
그는 맡은 역할에 최선을 다하는 근면한 배우입니다.
He is a diligent actor who does his best in his roles.
Describes an actor as diligent in their craft.
이 프로젝트는 많은 수고를 들여 완성되었습니다.
This project was completed with much effort/trouble.
Uses the noun form of '수고' (effort/trouble) to indicate the hard work involved.
그는 끊임없이 자기 계발에 힘쓰는 근면한 학자입니다.
He is a diligent scholar who constantly strives for self-improvement.
Uses '끊임없이' (constantly) and '자기 계발' (self-improvement) to elaborate on diligence.
회사는 근면한 직원들에게는 공정한 기회를 제공합니다.
The company provides fair opportunities to diligent employees.
Connects diligence with career advancement and fairness.
그녀의 성실함은 동료들 사이에서 귀감이 되고 있습니다.
Her sincerity/conscientiousness is serving as an example among colleagues.
Uses the noun form '성실함' (sincerity/conscientiousness) and '귀감' (example).
이러한 성과는 단순히 운이 아니라, 수년간의 노력의 결과입니다.
This achievement is not just luck, but the result of years of effort.
Contrasts luck with sustained '노력' (effort).
그는 맡은 일에 열정과 근면함을 모두 쏟아붓습니다.
He pours both passion and diligence into the work he undertakes.
Combines '열정' (passion) with '근면함' (diligence) for a stronger impact.
그녀는 부지런한 생활 습관 덕분에 건강을 유지하고 있습니다.
Thanks to her diligent lifestyle habits, she maintains her health.
Links '부지런한' (diligent) lifestyle habits to health.
고된 수고 끝에 마침내 목표를 달성했습니다.
After arduous effort, the goal was finally achieved.
Uses '고된 수고' (arduous effort) to describe significant hardship overcome.
그는 근면함을 덕목으로 삼고 살아가는 사람입니다.
He is a person who lives by considering diligence as a virtue.
Elevates '근면함' (diligence) to the status of a virtue ('덕목').
그의 근면함은 단순히 업무 수행 능력을 넘어, 삶에 대한 진지한 태도를 반영합니다.
His diligence reflects a serious attitude towards life, going beyond mere work performance capabilities.
Explores the philosophical aspect of diligence as a life attitude.
이 조직은 근면한 구성원들의 헌신 덕분에 지속적인 성장을 이루고 있습니다.
This organization is achieving continuous growth thanks to the dedication of its diligent members.
Highlights '헌신' (dedication) alongside '근면함' (diligence) for organizational success.
그녀는 성실함을 바탕으로 신뢰를 쌓아왔으며, 이는 그녀의 경력에 있어 중요한 자산이 되었습니다.
She has built trust based on her conscientiousness, which has become an important asset in her career.
Connects '성실함' (conscientiousness) to building trust and career assets.
단기적인 성과보다는 장기적인 안목으로 꾸준히 노력하는 자세가 중요합니다.
An attitude of steadily making efforts with a long-term perspective is more important than short-term achievements.
Emphasizes long-term '노력' (effort) over immediate results.
그는 열정과 근면함을 겸비하여 어떤 어려운 과업도 완수해냅니다.
He completes any difficult task by combining passion and diligence.
Uses '겸비하다' (to combine) to link '열정' (passion) and '근면함' (diligence).
그녀의 부지런함은 단순히 부지런한 것을 넘어, 삶의 모든 영역에 대한 적극적인 참여를 의미합니다.
Her diligence goes beyond simply being busy; it signifies active participation in all areas of life.
Expands the meaning of '부지런함' (diligence) to active life participation.
그의 수고가 헛되지 않아, 마침내 빛을 보게 되었습니다.
His efforts were not in vain, and finally, they came to light.
Emphasizes that '수고' (effort) leads to positive outcomes ('빛을 보다' - to come to light).
진정한 근면함은 결과보다는 과정에 대한 깊은 몰입과 책임감을 동반합니다.
True diligence is accompanied by deep immersion in and responsibility for the process, rather than just the outcome.
Defines '근면함' (diligence) in terms of process and responsibility.
그의 저작들은 수십 년간 축적된 근면한 탐구와 통찰의 결정체라 할 수 있습니다.
His works can be considered the crystallization of decades of diligent inquiry and insight.
Uses sophisticated phrasing like '결정체' (crystallization) and '탐구' (inquiry).
조직의 근면함은 단기적인 성과 지표를 넘어, 장기적인 지속 가능성과 혁신 역량으로 발현됩니다.
The organization's diligence manifests not only in short-term performance indicators but also in long-term sustainability and innovative capacity.
Discusses diligence in terms of organizational sustainability and innovation.
그녀의 성실함은 단순한 의무 이행을 넘어서, 본질적인 가치 추구와 윤리적 실천의 영역에 닿아 있습니다.
Her conscientiousness extends beyond mere fulfillment of duty, reaching into the realm of pursuing essential values and ethical practice.
Explores the ethical and value-driven aspects of '성실함' (conscientiousness).
인간의 발전은 종종 예측 불가능한 순간의 영감보다는, 일상적인 노력의 축적에서 비롯됩니다.
Human progress often stems from the accumulation of daily effort rather than moments of unpredictable inspiration.
Contrasts inspiration with the accumulation of daily '노력' (effort) for human progress.
그는 열정과 근면함의 조화를 통해, 예술의 새로운 지평을 열었습니다.
He has opened new horizons in art through the harmony of passion and diligence.
Uses '조화' (harmony) to describe the synergistic effect of '열정' (passion) and '근면함' (diligence).
그녀의 부지런함은 단순히 시간 관리의 효율성을 넘어, 삶의 모든 순간을 의미 있게 만들려는 의지의 발현입니다.
Her diligence is not merely about efficient time management; it is a manifestation of the will to make every moment of life meaningful.
Interprets '부지런함' (diligence) as a manifestation of the will to create meaning.
수많은 수고와 헌신이 얽힌 결과물임에도 불구하고, 그는 겸손함을 잃지 않았습니다.
Despite the outcome being the result of numerous efforts and dedications intertwined, he did not lose his humility.
Links '수고' (effort) and '헌신' (dedication) to achievements, while emphasizing humility.
진정한 근면함은 외부의 보상이나 인정에 좌우되지 않는 내재적 동기에서 비롯됩니다.
True diligence originates from intrinsic motivation, not dependent on external rewards or recognition.
Defines true diligence as stemming from '내재적 동기' (intrinsic motivation).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— This phrase combines 'diligence' (근면) and 'sincerity/conscientiousness' (성실). It's often used to describe someone who is both hardworking and trustworthy.
그는 근면 성실하게 일하는 직원입니다. (He is an employee who works diligently and conscientiously.)
— A straightforward phrase meaning 'a diligent person.' It's a common way to describe someone's positive work ethic.
우리 아버지께서는 매우 근면한 사람이셨습니다. (My father was a very diligent person.)
— To make an effort diligently. This phrase emphasizes both the action of trying hard and the quality of diligence in that effort.
목표를 달성하기 위해 근면하게 노력해야 합니다. (You must diligently strive to achieve your goal.)
— A diligent attitude or stance. This refers to the mindset of approaching tasks with diligence and care.
그는 어떤 일이든 근면한 자세로 임합니다. (He approaches any task with a diligent attitude.)
— The virtue of diligence. This phrase elevates diligence to a moral quality, highlighting its importance as a positive character trait.
많은 문화권에서 근면함의 미덕을 강조합니다. (Many cultures emphasize the virtue of diligence.)
— Diligent habits. This refers to regular practices that demonstrate diligence and consistent effort.
어릴 때부터 근면한 습관을 들이는 것이 중요합니다. (It is important to develop diligent habits from a young age.)
— Diligent study. This specifically applies the concept of diligence to academic pursuits.
근면한 공부만이 좋은 성적을 보장합니다. (Only diligent study guarantees good grades.)
— Diligently performed labor. This phrase focuses on the hard and careful work done by laborers.
그는 근면한 노동으로 가족을 부양했습니다. (He supported his family through diligent labor.)
— To praise someone's diligence. This is a common expression when acknowledging someone's hard work.
선생님께서는 학생들의 근면함을 칭찬하셨습니다. (The teacher praised the students' diligence.)
— A diligent life. This refers to a life lived with consistent effort and dedication.
그는 평생을 근면한 삶을 살아왔습니다. (He has lived a diligent life his entire life.)
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
'바쁘다' means 'to be busy.' While a diligent person (근면하다) might often be busy, 'busy' itself doesn't imply the carefulness and sustained effort that 근면하다 does. You can be busy without being diligent, or diligent without appearing constantly busy.
'정신없다' means 'to be hectic,' 'to be overwhelmed,' or 'to be absent-minded.' This is different from diligence. Someone who is 근면하다 is usually focused and organized, not overwhelmed or lacking focus.
'꼼꼼하다' means 'to be meticulous' or 'to be thorough.' This is a quality often associated with diligence (근면하다), but 근면하다 refers to the overall effort and dedication, while 꼼꼼하다 describes the detailed way of doing things.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To work, literally sweating. This idiom emphasizes hard physical labor and effort, aligning with the concept of diligence.
그는 근면한 사람답게 땀 흘려 일했다. (True to his diligent nature, he worked, sweating.)
Neutral— To work day and night. This idiom highlights extreme dedication and effort, a characteristic often associated with diligence.
그 사업가는 성공하기 위해 밤낮으로 일했다, 이는 그의 근면함을 보여준다. (The entrepreneur worked day and night to succeed, showing his diligence.)
Neutral— To run until sweat appears on one's feet. This idiom describes working or running around busily and with great effort, a strong indicator of diligence.
그는 마감을 맞추기 위해 발에 땀이 나도록 뛰었다, 진정 근면한 모습이었다. (He ran around frantically to meet the deadline, truly showing diligence.)
Informal— To not let go of work from one's hands. This idiom signifies continuous work and dedication, a hallmark of a diligent person.
그 할머니는 근면한 분이셔서 손에서 일을 놓지 않으셨다. (That grandmother was a diligent person and never let go of work from her hands.)
Neutral— To work oneself to death. While extreme, this idiom emphasizes the highest level of effort and hard work, which is a characteristic of extreme diligence.
그는 가족을 위해 죽도록 일했다, 진정한 근면함이었다. (He worked himself to death for his family; it was true diligence.)
Informal— To do something with one's whole heart. This idiom highlights the sincerity and care put into an action, which is closely related to diligent work.
그녀는 근면한 자세로 정성을 다해 요리를 만들었다. (She made the dish with a diligent attitude, putting her whole heart into it.)
Neutral— To diligently polish and refine. This idiom is often used for skills, knowledge, or character development, emphasizing continuous effort.
예술가는 근면한 태도로 자신의 기술을 열심히 갈고 닦았다. (The artist diligently polished and refined their skills with a diligent attitude.)
Neutral— Even if you have three bags of beads, they are not treasure until they are strung together. This proverb emphasizes that raw potential or effort is useless without proper application and completion, which requires diligence.
근면함이 없다면 아무리 좋은 재능도 소용없다는 것을 이 속담은 말해준다. (This proverb says that without diligence, even the best talent is useless.)
Proverbial— A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. This proverb highlights the importance of starting and continuing with consistent effort, a core aspect of diligence.
근면함은 천 리 길도 한 걸음부터라는 마음으로 시작된다. (Diligence begins with the mindset that 'a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step'.)
Proverbial— Consistency is the answer. This phrase directly advocates for the power of steady, persistent effort, which is the essence of diligence.
근면함은 결국 꾸준함이 답이다라는 것을 보여준다. (Diligence shows that consistency is ultimately the answer.)
Modern sayingبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both words describe someone who works hard and puts in effort.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> emphasizes sustained, careful effort and dedication to a task or study. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>부지런하다</mark> also means diligent, but can more strongly imply being prompt, an early riser, or generally active and efficient in daily life. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> is often used in more formal contexts related to work or study.
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 학자이고, 그녀는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>부지런한</mark> 농부이다. (He is a diligent scholar, and she is a diligent farmer.)
Both words describe positive character traits related to responsibility and effort.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> focuses on the aspect of working hard and putting in consistent effort. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성실하다</mark> emphasizes sincerity, faithfulness, and conscientiousness. A <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성실한</mark> person is reliable and trustworthy, and this often translates into diligent work, but the core meaning is about integrity and sincerity.
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 노동자로서 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>성실한</mark> 태도를 보여주었다. (As a diligent worker, he showed a conscientious attitude.)
Both indicate hard work and effort.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> is an adjective describing a person's inherent quality of being diligent and hardworking. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>열심히 하다</mark> is a verb phrase meaning 'to do something hard' or 'to work hard,' focusing on the action itself. You can <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>열심히 하다</mark> without necessarily being inherently <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> (e.g., for a specific goal), but a <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> person will often <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>열심히 하다</mark>.
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 학생이기 때문에 항상 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>열심히</mark> 공부한다. (Because he is a diligent student, he always studies hard.)
Both relate to making an effort.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> describes the quality of being consistently hardworking and diligent. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>노력하다</mark> is a verb meaning 'to make an effort' or 'to strive,' which can be a single instance or a sustained action. Being <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> implies consistent <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>노력</mark>.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 사람은 목표를 위해 꾸준히 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>노력한다</mark>. (A diligent person consistently strives for their goals.)
Diligent people often have a lot to do and can appear busy.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> means to be hardworking and careful, focusing on the quality and consistency of effort. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>바쁘다</mark> simply means 'to be busy,' which can be due to many tasks, but doesn't necessarily imply diligence or carefulness. One can be busy but unproductive, or diligent without appearing overtly busy.
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 사람이지만, 오늘은 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>바쁘지 않다</mark>. (He is a diligent person, but today he is not busy.)
الگوهای جملهسازی
[Subject]은/는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> [Noun]이다.
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 학생이다. (He is a diligent student.)
[Subject]은/는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark>.
그녀는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark>. (She is diligent.)
[Subject]은/는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하게</mark> [Verb].
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하게</mark> 공부한다. (He studies diligently.)
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> [Noun]은/는 [Benefit/Characteristic].
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 사람은 성공할 가능성이 높다. (Diligent people are likely to succeed.)
[Subject]의 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>이 [Result/Impact]을 가져왔다.
그의 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>이 좋은 결과를 가져왔다. (His diligence brought good results.)
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>은 [Important Quality]이다.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>은 성공의 중요한 요소이다. (Diligence is an important factor for success.)
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> [Noun]으로서 [Action/Characteristic].
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 학자로서 그는 끊임없이 연구한다. (As a diligent scholar, he researches constantly.)
[Subject]은/는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>을 넘어 [Higher Quality]을 보여준다.
그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>을 넘어 창의성을 보여준다. (He shows creativity beyond diligence.)
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
High
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Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> when 'busy' is meant.
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Use '바쁘다' (bappeuda) for 'busy'.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> implies carefulness and sustained effort, not just being occupied. For example, 'He is busy today' is '그는 오늘 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>바쁘다</mark>', not '그는 오늘 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark>'.
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Forgetting to change to <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> before a noun.
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Always use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> when modifying a noun.
When <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> directly precedes a noun, it must be in its attributive form. Incorrect: '그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> 사람'. Correct: '그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 사람'.
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Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> in a negative context.
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Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> to describe positive traits.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> is a virtue. If you want to describe someone who works carelessly, use words like '대충하다' (daechunghada - to do carelessly) or '성의 없다' (seongui eopda - lacking sincerity).
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Confusing <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> with <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>꼼꼼하다</mark>.
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<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> is about sustained effort; <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>꼼꼼하다</mark> is about meticulousness.
A <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> person often is <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>꼼꼼하다</mark>, but they are distinct concepts. Diligence refers to the overall effort and dedication, while meticulousness refers to the detailed, careful execution of tasks.
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Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> to describe things that are inherently not people.
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Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> primarily for people or their actions/qualities.
While possible metaphorically, it's best to stick to describing people or their attributes with <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark>. For example, you wouldn't say 'This diligent machine' (<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 기계), but rather describe the person operating it as <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark>.
نکات
Attributive vs. Predicative Forms
Remember the difference between using 근면한 before a noun (attributive) and 근면하다 with a copula to describe a subject (predicative). For example, '근면한 사람' (diligent person) vs. '그 사람은 근면하다' (That person is diligent).
Nuance with Synonyms
While 근면하다 is great, learn its subtle differences with 부지런하다 (more about activity/promptness) and 성실하다 (more about sincerity/faithfulness) to express yourself more precisely.
Practice the Syllables
Break down the word into its syllables: '근' (geun), '면' (myeon), '하' (ha), '다' (da). Practice each sound, paying attention to the nasal 'n' in '근' and the diphthong in '면'. Aim for even stress.
Create Vivid Associations
Link 근면하다 to strong visual images like a busy ant, a dedicated student, or a hard-working farmer. Mnemonics like 'gym' (근-geun) for constant effort can also be helpful.
Use it in Your Own Sentences
The best way to internalize the word is to actively use it. Try writing sentences describing yourself, friends, or characters in stories, incorporating 근면하다 and its related forms.
Listen for It in Media
Pay attention when watching Korean dramas, movies, or listening to news. Hearing 근면하다 in context will significantly improve your understanding of its usage and nuances.
Adverbial Form for Actions
When describing *how* an action is performed, use the adverbial form 근면하게. For instance, '근면하게 일하다' (to work diligently).
Expand with Nouns
Learn the noun form 근면함 (geunmyeonham - diligence) to discuss the concept abstractly, e.g., '근면함은 중요하다' (Diligence is important).
Avoid Overuse
While 근면하다 is positive, avoid using it excessively or in situations where simpler words like 'busy' are more appropriate. Ensure the context truly calls for the emphasis on careful, sustained effort.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a hardworking ant (근면한 개미 - geunmyeonhan gaemi). The ant is always busy, carrying things back to its nest. The word '근면' sounds a bit like 'can't be lazy' if you stretch it, reminding you that a diligent person is never lazy. Think of a 'gym' (근 - geun sounds a bit like gym) where people work out diligently to get strong.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a person diligently studying under a bright lamp late at night, with stacks of books around them. Alternatively, visualize a farmer working hard in the fields from sunrise to sunset, showing a strong connection to manual labor and consistent effort.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Write a short paragraph describing your ideal work ethic using 근면하다 and at least two other related words you've learned. For example, you could describe how you want to be 근면한 in your studies, showing 성실함 and making consistent 노력.
ریشه کلمه
The word 근면하다 (geunmyeonhada) is derived from Chinese characters (Hanja). The characters are 勤勉 (geunmyeon). 근 (勤) means 'to be diligent' or 'to work hard,' and 면 (勉) means 'to make an effort' or 'to encourage.' Together, they form the concept of diligent effort.
معنای اصلی: The original meaning from the Hanja characters is 'to be diligent and make an effort.' It encapsulates the idea of sustained, conscientious work.
Korean (with Sino-Korean roots)بافت فرهنگی
While diligence is a positive trait, it's important to acknowledge that excessive pressure to be constantly 근면하다 can lead to burnout and stress. Modern discussions in Korea sometimes touch upon the need for work-life balance, even while the value of hard work remains significant.
In English-speaking cultures, diligence is also valued, but perhaps with slightly different nuances. While 'hardworking' is universally praised, the Korean emphasis on 근면하다 can sometimes be intertwined with a broader societal pressure for constant achievement and productivity, especially in competitive environments like South Korea.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Praising a student's academic performance.
- 그 학생은 정말 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 학생이에요.
- 그녀의 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 공부 자세가 인상 깊습니다.
- <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하게</mark> 공부하면 좋은 결과가 있을 거예요.
Describing an ideal employee.
- 우리 회사는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 직원을 선호합니다.
- <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>은 직장에서 매우 중요한 덕목입니다.
- 그는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하게</mark> 일하여 승진했습니다.
Discussing personal goals and aspirations.
- 성공하기 위해서는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>이 필수적입니다.
- 나는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 사람이 되고 싶습니다.
- 꿈을 이루기 위해 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하게</mark> 노력할 것입니다.
Acknowledging someone's hard work.
- 정말 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하시네요</mark>!
- 당신의 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>을 칭찬합니다.
- 그동안 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하게</mark> 일하신 덕분입니다.
Characterizing a successful individual.
- 그 사업가는 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 노력으로 성공했습니다.
- 그의 <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>은 많은 사람에게 귀감이 됩니다.
- <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면한</mark> 사람만이 성공할 수 있습니다.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"What does '근면하다' mean to you in your daily life?"
"Can you think of someone you know who is very 근면하다?"
"How important is diligence (근면함) in your culture compared to South Korea?"
"What are some ways you try to be 근면하다 in your studies or work?"
"Do you think being 근면하다 guarantees success?"
موضوعات نگارش
Reflect on a time when your diligence (<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>) led to a positive outcome. Describe the situation and how you felt.
Think about your personal goals. What specific actions can you take to be more <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> in pursuing them?
Write about a character from a book, movie, or real life who you admire for their <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면함</mark>. What qualities make them stand out?
Consider the balance between being <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> and taking time for rest and self-care. How do you find this balance?
If you could give one piece of advice about the importance of being <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> to a younger person, what would it be and why?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالYes, 근면하다 is overwhelmingly used as a positive adjective in Korean. It describes a virtue highly valued in society, associated with responsibility, dedication, and achievement. While excessive focus on work can lead to negative consequences like burnout, the word itself carries a positive connotation of commendable effort and meticulousness.
근면하다 and 부지런하다 are often used interchangeably and both mean diligent or hardworking. However, 근면하다 tends to emphasize sustained, careful effort and dedication to tasks, especially in academic or professional settings. 부지런하다 can also imply being prompt, an early riser, or generally active and efficient in daily life. Think of 근면하다 as 'industrious' and 부지런하다 as 'diligent and active'.
As an adjective, 근면하다 can be used in two main ways: 1. To describe a noun directly, use the attributive form 근면한 before the noun (e.g., 근면한 학생 - a diligent student). 2. To make a statement about someone's quality, use 근면하다 with a copula like '이다' (e.g., 그는 근면하다 - He is diligent). You can also use the adverbial form 근면하게 before a verb to describe how an action is done (e.g., 근면하게 일하다 - to work diligently).
While 근면하다 primarily describes people and their qualities, it can sometimes be used metaphorically or in specific contexts to describe processes or efforts that are characterized by diligence. However, it's much more common to use it for people. For example, you might hear about a '근면한 effort' or '근면한 research,' where it's describing the nature of the effort or research.
The most direct antonyms for 근면하다 are 게으르다 (geureuda - lazy) and 나태하다 (nataehada - idle, slothful). Another related antonym is 대충하다 (daechunghada - to do something carelessly), as diligence implies carefulness.
Diligence (근면함) is a highly respected and valued virtue in Korean culture. It's often seen as a key factor for personal success, academic achievement, and career advancement. This emphasis is rooted in historical values and has been reinforced through national development efforts. Parents often encourage their children to be 근면하다 in their studies, and employers appreciate 근면한 employees.
While diligence itself is positive, an extreme focus on being 근면하다 can sometimes lead to negative outcomes such as burnout, stress, and neglecting other aspects of life like personal relationships or well-being. Modern Korean society is increasingly discussing the importance of work-life balance, acknowledging that constant, unyielding diligence without rest might not always be healthy or sustainable.
A good way to remember 근면하다 is to associate it with images of hard-working ants, diligent students studying late, or dedicated artisans. The sound '근' (geun) can remind you of 'gym,' where people work out diligently. Combining this with the idea of 'moving' (면-myeon) helps reinforce the concept of consistent effort and activity.
Yes, 근면하다 can describe a team or group if the members collectively exhibit diligence. For example, you could say '근면한 팀' (a diligent team) or '그 팀은 근면하다' (That team is diligent). This implies that the group as a whole is dedicated and hardworking.
Some common phrases include '근면한 학생' (diligent student), '근면한 노동자' (diligent worker), '근면하게 일하다' (to work diligently), and '근면함의 중요성' (the importance of diligence).
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Summary
The Korean word <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>근면하다</mark> (geunmyeonhada) is a strong adjective meaning 'diligent' or 'hardworking'. It emphasizes consistent, careful effort and is highly valued in Korean society, often associated with academic and professional success. It's more than just being busy; it's about dedication and thoroughness in one's endeavors.
- Diligence and hard work are key qualities.
- Consistent effort and carefulness define this trait.
- A highly valued attribute in Korean culture.
- Describes someone dedicated to their tasks.
Attributive vs. Predicative Forms
Remember the difference between using 근면한 before a noun (attributive) and 근면하다 with a copula to describe a subject (predicative). For example, '근면한 사람' (diligent person) vs. '그 사람은 근면하다' (That person is diligent).
Nuance with Synonyms
While 근면하다 is great, learn its subtle differences with 부지런하다 (more about activity/promptness) and 성실하다 (more about sincerity/faithfulness) to express yourself more precisely.
Cultural Context is Key
Understand that 근면하다 is a highly praised virtue in Korean culture. Using it implies admiration for hard work, dedication, and conscientiousness, reflecting societal values.
Practice the Syllables
Break down the word into its syllables: '근' (geun), '면' (myeon), '하' (ha), '다' (da). Practice each sound, paying attention to the nasal 'n' in '근' and the diphthong in '면'. Aim for even stress.
مثال
그는 근면한 태도로 직장에서 인정을 받았습니다.
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر general
몇몇
A2تعدادی; اندکی.
조금
A1من کمی کره ای بلدم. (한국어를 조금 알아요.)
적게
A1کم، به مقدار کم. برای توصیف کاری که به میزان محدودی انجام میشود استفاده میشود.
약간
A2کمی؛ اندکی. برای توصیف مقدار کم یا درجه ناچیز استفاده میشود.
많이
A1خیلی / زیاد. 'خیلی خوردم' (많이 먹었어요). 'خیلی دلم برات تنگ شده' (많이 보고 싶었어요).
잠시
A2برای یک لحظه؛ به طور خلاصه. 'لطفا یک لحظه صبر کنید.' (잠시만 기다려 주세요.) 'من کمی بعد برمی گردم.' (잠시 후에 돌아오겠습니다.)
잠깐
A2For a short time; a moment.
아까
A2کمی پیش، قبلا. من او را کمی پیش دیدم.
대해
A2به معنای 'درباره' یا 'در مورد'. برای معرفی موضوع یک گفتگو یا فکر استفاده میشود.
~에 대해서
A2درباره؛ در مورد.
