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A2 verb #800 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

겪다

رتبه 800

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 겪다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 겪다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you might not use '겪다' often, as it's a bit more complex than basic verbs like '하다' (to do) or '먹다' (to eat). However, you can understand it as a way to say you had a 'hard time.' If you want to say 'I had a hard time,' you can say '힘든 일을 겪었어요.' At this stage, just remember that '겪다' is used when something wasn't easy. It's like saying 'I went through it.' You will mostly see it in the past tense '겪었어요' because people usually talk about hardships after they have happened. Think of it as a special word for 'bad experiences' or 'hard days.'

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At the A2 level, you should start using '겪다' to describe personal challenges or changes. It is very useful when talking about your life in Korea or your studies. For example, '한국 생활의 어려움을 겪고 있어요' (I am experiencing difficulties in Korean life). You can distinguish it from '경험하다' (to experience) by using '겪다' for things that require effort to get through. You will also see it used with '사람' (person) in the form '겪어 보다,' which means to get to know someone by spending time with them. This is a very common expression in daily Korean conversations.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '겪다' in various contexts, including social and emotional ones. You can use it to describe '갈등' (conflict), '사춘기' (puberty), or '경제적 위기' (economic crisis). You should understand that '겪다' implies a process. It's not just a one-time event, but a period of time you lived through. You will also encounter it in the news more frequently. For instance, '많은 사람들이 취업난을 겪고 있습니다' (Many people are experiencing job shortages). At this level, pay attention to how it pairs with abstract nouns like '변화' (change) or '시행착오' (trial and error).

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At the B2 level, you can use '겪다' to add nuance to your descriptions of social issues and historical events. It is a key word for discussing '인종 차별' (racial discrimination), '성장통' (growing pains), or '심리적 갈등' (psychological conflict). You should be able to use it in complex sentences, such as '그런 일을 직접 겪어 보지 않은 사람은 그 고통을 이해할 수 없다' (Someone who hasn't experienced such a thing personally cannot understand that pain). You should also recognize its metaphorical uses, such as '진통을 겪다' (to experience birth pangs/growing pains) when describing the difficult start of a project or organization.

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At the C1 level, '겪다' becomes a tool for sophisticated analysis. You will see it in literature and academic texts to describe the human condition or the evolution of society. It is used to discuss '시대적 아픔' (the pain of an era) or '존재론적 위기' (existential crisis). You should be able to distinguish '겪다' from more formal synonyms like '봉착하다' (to encounter/face) or '조우하다' (to encounter/meet). At this level, you can also use it to describe the process of character development in literary criticism, focusing on how the protagonist '겪는' various trials to reach a state of enlightenment or change.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of '겪다' and its place in the Korean linguistic landscape. You understand its deep connection to the concept of 'Han' (resentment/sorrow) and resilience in Korean history. You can use it in highly formal speeches or philosophical essays to describe the '시련을 겪으며 단단해지는 과정' (the process of becoming stronger while undergoing trials). You are aware of its use in archaic or poetic contexts and can use it to evoke strong emotional responses or to provide a profound commentary on the shared human experience of suffering and growth.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

겪다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

겪다 means to undergo or experience, usually focusing on hardships or significant processes.
It is different from 경험하다, which is more neutral and can be used for positive things.
Commonly used with words like 어려움 (difficulty), 위기 (crisis), and 고통 (pain).
It implies a duration of time and the act of enduring or living through a situation.

The Korean verb 겪다 (gyeok-da) is a fundamental word used to describe the act of experiencing, undergoing, or passing through a particular event or situation. While the English word 'experience' is often translated as 경험하다, 겪다 carries a specific nuance that distinguishes it from general experience. It almost always implies a process of enduring something, often something difficult, painful, or significant that leaves a lasting impact on the person involved. It is not just about 'doing' something; it is about 'going through' it. For example, you wouldn't use 겪다 for a fun trip to the zoo, but you would certainly use it for a period of financial hardship, a difficult breakup, or a historical crisis.

Core Nuance: The word focuses on the process and the endurance required to survive or complete a situation. It suggests that the subject was affected by the event.

그는 어린 시절에 많은 고생을 겪었다.
(He went through many hardships during his childhood.)

In daily life, Koreans use this word to express empathy or to describe personal growth that comes from struggle. It is highly frequent in news reports when discussing economic downturns, social changes, or natural disasters. When a company faces a crisis, they '겪다' a deficit or a management crisis. When a student struggles with exams, they '겪다' stress. The word is deeply tied to the Korean cultural concept of resilience. To have '겪어 본 사람' (someone who has experienced it) is to have someone who truly understands the weight of a situation. This verb is transitive, meaning it requires an object—the thing being experienced—usually marked with the particles 을/를.

Common Objects: 어려움 (difficulty), 고통 (pain), 변화 (change), 위기 (crisis), 갈등 (conflict).

우리는 지금 큰 변화의 시기를 겪고 있습니다.
(We are currently going through a period of great change.)

Furthermore, 겪다 is used when getting to know a person's character over time. The phrase '사람을 겪어 보다' means to spend enough time with someone to see their true nature, especially through shared difficulties. This usage highlights that true character is revealed not in easy times, but through the process of '겪다'. It is a word that bridges the gap between a simple event and the psychological or social impact that event has on an individual or a group. Whether it is a small personal inconvenience or a national tragedy, 겪다 provides the linguistic framework to describe the journey through that time.

사람은 직접 겪어 봐야 안다.
(You have to experience a person [spend time with them] to really know them.)

Register: Used in both spoken and written Korean. It is neutral in formality but heavy in emotional weight.

Using 겪다 correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure and its typical collocations. As a transitive verb, it always takes an object. The most common pattern is [Noun]을/를 겪다. Because the word implies a duration or a process, it is very frequently used in the continuous form -고 있다 or the past tense -었다. When you want to say you are currently 'going through' something, 겪고 있어요 is the standard polite form. If you are recounting a past hardship, 겪었어요 is used.

Grammar Point 1: The Object: The object is almost always a situation, an emotion, or a period of time characterized by a certain condition. You cannot '겪다' a physical object like a book or a car.

사춘기를 겪는 아이들은 예민합니다.
(Children going through puberty are sensitive.)

Another important usage is the auxiliary-like construction -어/아 보다 combined with 겪다, resulting in 겪어 보다. This means 'to have had the experience of going through something' or 'to try experiencing something.' In the context of people, 그 사람을 겪어 보니 means 'After having spent time with him/having experienced his personality...' This is a very common way to describe how your opinion of someone changed after seeing how they act in real-life situations.

Grammar Point 2: Passive vs. Active: Unlike '당하다' (to be subjected to), which is purely passive and often implies being a victim, '겪다' is more about the experience itself, though the subject is often a recipient of the situation.

전쟁을 겪은 세대는 절약하는 습관이 있다.
(The generation that went through the war has a habit of saving.)

In professional settings, 겪다 is used to describe organizational challenges. For example, 심각한 자금난을 겪다 (to experience a serious financial squeeze) or 진통을 겪다 (to experience birth pangs/growing pains). The latter is a very common metaphor for the difficulties faced when starting a new project or implementing a new policy. It suggests that while the process is painful, it is a necessary part of growth or creation. When using 겪다, you are painting a picture of a journey through a tunnel—there is an entry, a difficult passage, and an exit.

새로운 제도를 도입하면서 많은 시행착오를 겪었습니다.
(We went through many trials and errors while introducing the new system.)

Grammar Point 3: Adverbial Use: You can use '겪으며' (while experiencing) to connect two clauses, showing that one thing happened during the process of another.

You will encounter 겪다 in a variety of contexts, ranging from intimate conversations to formal news broadcasts. In the media, it is the standard word for describing collective hardships. If there is a drought, the farmers 가뭄을 겪다. If the stock market crashes, investors 손실을 겪다. It provides a sense of gravity to the reporting. In documentaries about history, you will hear survivors talk about what they 겪었던 일 (the things they went through), which adds a layer of personal testimony and suffering to the historical facts.

News & Media: Commonly used to describe economic crises, social phenomena like 'loneliness' (외로움을 겪는 청년들), or environmental issues.

현대인들은 극심한 스트레스를 겪고 있습니다.
(Modern people are experiencing extreme stress.)

In K-Dramas and movies, 겪다 often appears in emotional climaxes. A character might say, "내가 어떤 일을 겪었는지 너는 몰라!" (You don't know what I've been through!). This usage emphasizes the isolation of suffering—that the experience was so intense it cannot be easily shared or understood by others. It is also used in the context of relationships. When two characters are fighting, they might be said to be 갈등을 겪다 (experiencing conflict). This implies that the conflict is a phase they are moving through, rather than just a single argument.

Daily Conversation: Used when giving advice or sharing life stories. '나도 그런 일을 겪어 봐서 알아' (I know because I've been through that too).

이별을 겪은 후에는 시간이 필요해요.
(After going through a breakup, you need time.)

In academic or psychological settings, you will hear it used with terms like 심리적 외상 (psychological trauma). Professionals talk about patients who 트라우마를 겪다. Here, it functions as a clinical way to describe the ongoing impact of a past event. In the workplace, it is used to describe the 'learning curve' or the 'adjustment period.' A new employee might be 적응의 어려움을 겪다 (experiencing difficulty adjusting). In all these cases, the word 겪다 adds a sense of 'living through' the situation, making the description more vivid and empathetic than a simple statement of fact.

그 회사는 창립 초기에 많은 위기를 겪었습니다.
(That company went through many crises in its early days.)

Literature: Often used to describe the protagonist's journey or the 'trials' they must overcome.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make is using 겪다 interchangeably with 경험하다. While both mean 'to experience,' their usage is strictly divided by the nature of the experience. 경험하다 is a broad, neutral term. You can '경험하다' a new culture, a new food, or a new job. It is often used for positive or educational experiences. 겪다, however, is almost exclusively for 'undergoing' something. If you say "나는 맛있는 음식을 겪었다," it sounds very strange, as if the delicious food was a trial you had to survive.

Mistake 1: Positive Experiences: Don't use '겪다' for hobbies, travel, or fun activities. Use '경험하다' or '해 보다'.

❌ 좋은 여행을 겪었어요.
✅ 좋은 여행을 했어요 / 경험했어요.

Another mistake is confusing 겪다 with 당하다. 당하다 is used when something bad happens to you, usually as a victim of someone else's actions (like being scammed or hit). 겪다 is about the process of living through a situation. For example, if you are scammed, you 사기를 당하다 (are scammed). But the period of financial struggle that follows is something you 겪다. 당하다 is the event; 겪다 is the experience of the aftermath or the duration.

Mistake 2: Confusing with '당하다': Use '당하다' for sudden accidents or crimes. Use '겪다' for long-term hardships or natural processes.

교통사고를 당했다 (Had an accident - correct)
전쟁의 아픔을 겪었다 (Went through the pain of war - correct)

Lastly, learners sometimes forget that 겪다 is a transitive verb. You cannot just say "나는 겪었어" without a context or an object. You must specify what you went through. Even in English, we rarely say "I underwent" without saying what we underwent. In Korean, if the object is obvious from the conversation, you can omit it, but in most cases, you need to provide the noun that represents the experience. Also, be careful with the spelling; it is 겪다 with a double 'ㄲ' at the bottom, not 격다 or 겪따.

Mistake 3: Spelling: The double 'ㄲ' (쌍기역) is essential. It changes the pronunciation and the meaning entirely.

To truly master 겪다, you should know its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. The most common alternative is 경험하다, but as discussed, it is more neutral and often used for positive things. Another word is 치르다, which means 'to pay the price' or 'to go through a major event' like an exam or a funeral. While 겪다 is about the internal/process-oriented experience, 치르다 is often about the formal completion of a major life event or a consequence.

Comparison: 겪다 vs. 경험하다: 겪다: Focus on hardship, process, and endurance. (e.g., 고생을 겪다)
경험하다: Focus on general experience, learning, and exposure. (e.g., 문화를 경험하다)

시험을 치르다 (To take/go through an exam)
어려움을 겪다 (To go through difficulty)

Then there is 거치다. This word means 'to pass through' a place or a stage. It is more physical or structural than 겪다. For example, a bill 국회를 거치다 (passes through the National Assembly). If you say you 과정을 거치다, it means you completed the steps of a process. 겪다 would imply that the process was personally challenging or involved emotional/physical endurance. 거치다 is the objective path; 겪다 is the subjective experience of that path.

Comparison: 겪다 vs. 당하다: 겪다: Subjective endurance of a situation. (e.g., 차별을 겪다 - experiencing discrimination over time)
당하다: Objective victimhood of an action. (e.g., 거절을 당하다 - being rejected)

그는 수모를 당했다 (He was humiliated - focus on the act)
그는 수모를 겪었다 (He went through humiliation - focus on the experience)

Finally, consider 맛보다. Literally 'to taste,' it is used metaphorically to mean 'to get a taste of' or 'to experience' something, often a specific emotion or a result. For example, 승리의 기쁨을 맛보다 (to taste the joy of victory) or 패배의 쓴맛을 맛보다 (to taste the bitterness of defeat). This is more poetic and focused on the immediate sensation of the experience, whereas 겪다 is more about the long-term process and endurance. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize the fact (경험하다), the hardship (겪다), the victimhood (당하다), the stage (거치다), or the sensation (맛보다).

Summary Table: 겪다 (Endure) | 경험하다 (Learn) | 당하다 (Suffer act) | 치르다 (Complete event) | 거치다 (Pass through stage)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The word '겪다' is related to the idea of 'passing through' a physical space or a period of time. It's a very visceral word that suggests the subject is physically or emotionally 'touched' by the experience.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ɡjʌk̚.t͈a/

US /ɡjʌk̚.t͈a/

The stress is equal on both syllables, but the second syllable '다' is pronounced more forcefully as '따' due to the preceding 'ㄲ'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

Common in news and literature, but requires understanding of nuance.

نوشتن 4/5

Spelling with double 'ㄲ' and choosing the right object can be tricky.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Pronunciation of the tense 'tt' sound is important.

گوش دادن 3/5

Recognizing it in fast speech among similar-sounding words.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

일 (thing/work) 어렵다 (to be difficult) 사람 (person) 보다 (to see/try)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

경험하다 (to experience) 당하다 (to suffer/be victimized) 치르다 (to go through/pay) 극복하다 (to overcome)

پیشرفته

봉착하다 (to encounter) 직면하다 (to face) 조우하다 (to encounter/meet)

گرامر لازم

Object Marker 을/를

어려움**을** 겪다.

-어/아 보다 (Attempt/Experience)

그 사람을 겪**어 봤어요**.

-으면서 (While)

많은 일을 겪**으면서** 성장했다.

-기 마련이다 (Bound to)

누구나 시련을 겪**기 마련이다**.

-ㄴ/은 후에 (After)

이별을 겪**은 후에** 깨달았다.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

저는 힘든 일을 겪었어요.

I went through a hard time.

Past tense '겪었어요' is used for a completed hardship.

그는 나쁜 일을 겪었어요.

He went through a bad thing.

Object '나쁜 일' (bad thing) + '겪다'.

우리는 어려움을 겪고 있어요.

We are experiencing difficulty.

Present continuous '-고 있어요' shows ongoing struggle.

동생이 감기를 겪고 있어요.

My younger sibling is going through a cold.

Used here to mean 'suffering from' a minor illness.

누구나 실수를 겪어요.

Everyone goes through mistakes.

General statement about life using the present tense.

슬픈 일을 겪지 마세요.

Don't go through sad things.

Negative imperative '-지 마세요'.

저는 많은 일을 겪었어요.

I have been through a lot.

'많은 일' (many things) is a common object.

그 일을 겪어서 슬퍼요.

I am sad because I went through that.

Reason clause '-어서' connecting the experience to an emotion.

한국 생활의 어려움을 겪고 있어요.

I am experiencing difficulties in Korean life.

Focuses on the adjustment process.

사람은 겪어 봐야 알 수 있어요.

You can know a person only after experiencing them.

The idiom '겪어 보다' means to get to know someone over time.

그녀는 이별을 겪고 많이 울었어요.

She cried a lot after going through a breakup.

Breakup (이별) is a typical object for '겪다'.

처음에는 누구나 시행착오를 겪어요.

Everyone goes through trial and error at first.

'시행착오' (trial and error) is a very common collocation.

배고픔을 겪어 본 적이 있나요?

Have you ever experienced hunger?

'-어 본 적이 있다' (have the experience of).

우리는 같은 아픔을 겪었어요.

We went through the same pain.

Shared experience of suffering.

그 회사는 지금 위기를 겪고 있습니다.

That company is currently going through a crisis.

Formal use in a business context.

사춘기를 겪는 아들이 걱정돼요.

I'm worried about my son who is going through puberty.

Puberty (사춘기) as a natural but difficult phase.

그 나라는 심각한 경제 위기를 겪었다.

That country underwent a serious economic crisis.

Historical or news-style reporting.

그는 부모님의 이혼을 겪으며 성숙해졌다.

He matured while going through his parents' divorce.

'-으며' (while) showing simultaneous growth.

많은 청년들이 취업난을 겪고 있다.

Many young people are experiencing job shortages.

Social issue context.

새로운 환경에 적응하느라 진통을 겪었다.

I went through birth pangs while adjusting to the new environment.

'진통을 겪다' is a metaphor for growing pains.

그 배우는 무명 시절을 길게 겪었다.

That actor went through a long period of being unknown.

'무명 시절' (unknown days) as the object.

갈등을 겪지 않고 성장할 수는 없다.

You cannot grow without going through conflict.

Philosophical statement about growth.

갑작스러운 변화를 겪으면 당황하기 마련이다.

It's natural to be flustered when undergoing sudden change.

'-기 마련이다' (it is bound to happen).

그는 전쟁의 참혹함을 직접 겪은 증인이다.

He is a witness who personally experienced the horrors of war.

Direct experience (직접 겪다).

이 프로젝트는 초기 단계에서 심한 진통을 겪었습니다.

This project went through severe growing pains in its early stages.

Business metaphor for difficulties.

그녀는 어린 나이에 감당하기 힘든 시련을 겪었다.

She went through trials that were hard to bear at a young age.

'감당하기 힘들다' (hard to handle) modifying '시련'.

현대 사회는 급격한 가치관의 혼란을 겪고 있다.

Modern society is experiencing a rapid confusion of values.

Abstract social commentary.

그는 사업 실패를 겪은 후 완전히 다른 사람이 되었다.

After going through a business failure, he became a completely different person.

The experience as a catalyst for change.

인종 차별을 겪어 본 사람만이 그 아픔을 안다.

Only those who have experienced racial discrimination know that pain.

Focus on the exclusivity of the experience.

우리는 정보의 홍수 속에서 선택의 장애를 겪곤 한다.

We often experience difficulty in choosing amidst a flood of information.

'-곤 하다' (habitual action).

그 나라는 식민 지배의 아픈 역사를 겪었다.

That country went through a painful history of colonial rule.

Historical context.

그는 심리적 외상을 겪고 전문가의 도움을 받았다.

He experienced psychological trauma and received professional help.

Clinical/psychological context.

작가는 작품을 통해 자신이 겪은 실존적 고뇌를 형상화했다.

The author gave shape to the existential anguish they experienced through their work.

Literary analysis terminology.

이 도시는 산업화 과정을 겪으며 급격히 팽창했다.

This city expanded rapidly while undergoing the process of industrialization.

Urban development context.

그는 권력의 무상함을 겪고 산으로 들어갔다.

After experiencing the futility of power, he went into the mountains.

Philosophical/Classical nuance.

민주주의는 수많은 희생과 고통을 겪으며 피어난 꽃이다.

Democracy is a flower that bloomed while undergoing numerous sacrifices and pains.

Metaphorical and poetic language.

그는 배신을 겪은 뒤로 사람을 쉽게 믿지 못하게 되었다.

Since experiencing betrayal, he has become unable to trust people easily.

Psychological consequence of an experience.

우리는 유례없는 팬데믹을 겪으며 공동체의 소중함을 깨달았다.

While going through an unprecedented pandemic, we realized the importance of community.

Contemporary global context.

그 철학자는 고독을 겪음으로써 진리에 도달하고자 했다.

The philosopher sought to reach the truth by experiencing solitude.

'-음으로써' (by means of).

전통 문화는 근대화의 물결 속에서 쇠퇴의 길을 겪었다.

Traditional culture went through a path of decline amidst the wave of modernization.

Cultural history context.

인간은 고난을 겪음으로써 비로소 자아의 심연을 들여다보게 된다.

It is only by undergoing hardships that humans finally come to peer into the abyss of the self.

Highly philosophical and abstract.

그 정권은 내부 분열로 인해 자멸의 과정을 겪고 있다.

The regime is undergoing a process of self-destruction due to internal division.

Political science terminology.

언어는 세월의 풍파를 겪으며 끊임없이 변모한다.

Language constantly transforms as it undergoes the hardships of time.

Linguistic evolution context.

그는 산전수전을 다 겪은 노련한 정치가이다.

He is a seasoned politician who has been through all sorts of hardships.

Idiom '산전수전을 다 겪다' (to have been through everything).

문명은 흥망성쇠의 주기를 겪으며 발전해 왔다.

Civilization has developed while undergoing cycles of rise and fall.

Macro-historical perspective.

그의 시는 삶의 비애를 온몸으로 겪어낸 자의 절규와 같다.

His poetry is like the scream of one who has endured the sorrows of life with their whole body.

Literary criticism with high emotional intensity.

우리는 기술 혁명의 소용돌이 속에서 정체성의 혼란을 겪고 있다.

We are experiencing a confusion of identity within the vortex of the technological revolution.

Sociological analysis of technology.

그는 모진 풍파를 겪으면서도 지조를 굽히지 않았다.

Despite undergoing harsh storms, he did not bend his principles.

Moral and ethical resilience.

ترکیب‌های رایج

어려움을 겪다

위기를 겪다

고통을 겪다

진통을 겪다

시행착오를 겪다

변화를 겪다

갈등을 겪다

차별을 겪다

사춘기를 겪다

부족을 겪다

عبارات رایج

겪어 본 사람

— Someone who has personally experienced something. Often implies they have wisdom or empathy regarding that situation.

겪어 본 사람만이 그 기분을 알아요.

직접 겪다

— To experience something firsthand. Emphasizes personal involvement.

남의 이야기가 아니라 내가 직접 겪은 일이다.

온갖 일을 겪다

— To go through all sorts of things. Implies a very eventful or difficult life.

그는 살면서 온갖 일을 다 겪었다.

어려움을 겪고 있는

— Currently experiencing difficulty. Often used as an adjective phrase.

어려움을 겪고 있는 이웃을 돕자.

겪을 만큼 겪다

— To have gone through as much as one can take. Implies being fed up or very experienced.

나도 겪을 만큼 겪어서 이제는 무덤덤해.

한 번 겪어 보니

— After having experienced it once. Used when reflecting on a past event.

한 번 겪어 보니 다시는 하고 싶지 않아요.

심한 갈등을 겪다

— To experience severe conflict. Used for relationships or internal struggles.

두 사람은 심한 갈등을 겪고 결국 헤어졌다.

변화를 겪기 전

— Before undergoing a change. Used for comparison.

변화를 겪기 전의 모습이 그립다.

고생을 겪다

— To go through hardships. A very common way to describe a tough life.

젊어서 고생을 겪으면 나중에 도움이 된다.

사람을 겪다

— To spend time with a person and learn their character.

사람은 오래 겪어 봐야 안다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

겪다 vs 경험하다

경험하다 is neutral/positive; 겪다 is for undergoing/enduring.

겪다 vs 당하다

당하다 focuses on being a victim of an event; 겪다 focuses on the process of the experience.

겪다 vs 거치다

거치다 is about passing through a stage; 겪다 is about the personal experience of that stage.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"산전수전을 다 겪다"

— To have gone through 'mountain warfare and water warfare.' It means to have experienced all sorts of hardships and trials in life.

그는 산전수전을 다 겪은 베테랑이다.

Common Idiom

"진통을 겪다"

— Literally 'to experience labor pains.' Metaphorically, it refers to the difficulties faced during the birth of something new (a project, a law, a company).

새로운 시스템 도입이 진통을 겪고 있다.

Metaphorical

"풍파를 겪다"

— To experience 'wind and waves.' It refers to going through the ups and downs or storms of life.

우리 집안도 참 많은 풍파를 겪었지.

Literary/Common

"홍역을 겪다"

— Literally 'to go through the measles.' Metaphorically, it means to go through a very difficult or troublesome situation that everyone must eventually face.

그 가수는 데뷔 초에 루머로 홍역을 겪었다.

Metaphorical

"쓴맛을 겪다"

— To experience a 'bitter taste.' It means to experience failure or a harsh reality.

그는 첫 사업에서 실패의 쓴맛을 겪었다.

Common

"성장통을 겪다"

— To experience 'growing pains.' Used for adolescents or organizations that are struggling as they grow.

우리 회사는 지금 성장통을 겪는 중이다.

Common

"곤욕을 겪다"

— To go through a humiliating or very difficult ordeal.

그는 기자들의 질문 공세에 곤욕을 겪었다.

Neutral

"수모를 겪다"

— To experience humiliation or insult.

그는 적국에서 온갖 수모를 겪었다.

Formal

"난항을 겪다"

— To experience 'difficult sailing.' It means a process is not going smoothly and is facing obstacles.

협상이 난항을 겪고 있다.

Formal/News

"환란을 겪다"

— To go through a great disaster or tribulation (often used for national crises).

나라는 외세의 침략으로 환란을 겪었다.

Historical/Formal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

겪다 vs 겪다

Often confused with '경험하다' due to both being translated as 'experience'.

겪다 implies a process of enduring or going through something, usually difficult. 경험하다 is a broader, more neutral term for having an experience or learning something.

고생을 겪다 (correct) vs. 고생을 경험하다 (less natural, sounds academic).

겪다 vs 당하다

Both involve negative situations.

당하다 is used for specific negative events where the subject is a victim (e.g., being hit, being scammed). 겪다 is used for the process of undergoing a situation (e.g., going through a crisis).

사고를 당하다 (correct) vs. 사고를 겪다 (possible, but focuses on the aftermath/process).

겪다 vs 치르다

Both mean going through an event.

치르다 is often used for formal or major life events like exams, funerals, or paying a price. 겪다 is more about the internal or ongoing struggle.

시험을 치르다 (correct) vs. 시험을 겪다 (implies the exam was a traumatic ordeal).

겪다 vs 거치다

Both involve a 'passing through' aspect.

거치다 is objective and structural (passing through a city, a stage, a process). 겪다 is subjective and experiential (going through the feelings/hardships of that process).

단계를 거치다 (correct) vs. 단계를 겪다 (implies the stages were difficult).

겪다 vs 맛보다

Both are metaphorical for experience.

맛보다 is poetic and focuses on the 'taste' or immediate sensation of an experience. 겪다 is more grounded and focuses on the duration and endurance.

승리를 맛보다 (correct) vs. 승리를 겪다 (incorrect, victory isn't a hardship).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Noun]을/를 겪다

어려움을 겪다.

[Noun]을/를 겪어 보다

사람을 겪어 보다.

[Noun]을/를 겪으며 [Verb]

고생을 겪으며 배웠다.

[Noun]을/를 겪은 [Noun]

전쟁을 겪은 세대.

[Noun]을/를 겪기 마련이다

누구나 시련을 겪기 마련이다.

[Noun]을/를 겪고 나서

실패를 겪고 나서 성공했다.

[Noun]을/를 겪음으로써

고독을 겪음으로써 깨달았다.

[Noun]을/를 겪어내다

모든 시련을 겪어내다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

경험 Experience

체험 Hands-on experience

فعل‌ها

겪어내다 To endure and get through

겪어보다 To try experiencing / to get to know someone

مرتبط

고생

시련

아픔

위기

과정

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Very High in both written and spoken Korean.

اشتباهات رایج

좋은 경험을 겪었어요. → 좋은 경험을 했어요.
You cannot '겪다' a good experience. Use '하다' or '경험하다'.
어제 사고를 겪었어요. → 어제 사고를 당했어요.
For a sudden accident, '당하다' (to be victimized/suffer an event) is more natural than '겪다'.
그는 격다. → 그는 겪다.
Spelling error: The bottom consonant must be 'ㄲ', not 'ㄱ'.
나는 겪어. → 나는 어려움을 겪어.
The verb needs an object to make sense unless it's very clear from the previous sentence.
피자를 겪어 봤어요. → 피자를 먹어 봤어요 / 경험해 봤어요.
You don't 'undergo' food. Use '먹다' or '경험하다'.

نکات

Pair with Hardship Nouns

Always try to pair '겪다' with nouns like '어려움', '고통', or '위기'. This is the most natural way to use the word.

Don't forget the Object

Since '겪다' is transitive, it needs an object. If the object isn't clear from context, the sentence will feel incomplete.

Process over Event

Think of '겪다' as describing the 'journey' through a situation, not just the 'destination' or the 'event' itself.

Empathy

Use '겪다' when you want to show empathy for someone's struggle. It sounds more caring than '경험하다'.

Double ㄲ

The double 'ㄲ' is vital. Practice writing '겪' several times to get used to the bottom consonant.

Idiom Power

Learn '산전수전을 다 겪다'. It's a high-level idiom that will make you sound very fluent.

News Keywords

When you hear '겪고 있습니다' on the news, listen for the noun right before it to understand what crisis is being discussed.

Metaphors

Use '진통을 겪다' in essays about new projects or social changes to add a sophisticated metaphorical touch.

Resilience

Understand that '겪다' is a word of strength in Korean culture. Going through things makes you '단단하다' (sturdy/strong).

Check with 'Endure'

If you can replace 'experience' with 'undergo' or 'endure' in English, then '겪다' is likely the right choice in Korean.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of the 'kk' (ㄲ) in '겪다' as two hurdles. You have to jump over them to 'go through' the experience.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person walking through a dark tunnel. The tunnel is the situation, and the act of walking through it is '겪다'.

شبکه واژگان

어려움 고통 위기 겪다 경험 사람 성장 변화

چالش

Try to write three sentences about a time you '겪다' a difficulty in learning Korean. Use the past tense '겪었어요'.

ریشه کلمه

Native Korean word. It has been used for centuries to describe the act of passing through or enduring situations.

معنای اصلی: To pass through, to undergo, to endure.

Koreanic

بافت فرهنگی

When using '겪다' with people's personal tragedies, ensure you use a respectful tone, as the word carries significant emotional weight.

English speakers often use 'experience' for everything. In Korean, you must switch to '겪다' for anything that feels like a 'trial' or 'undergoing'.

The phrase '산전수전 다 겪다' is frequently used in Korean variety shows to describe veteran celebrities. Many K-pop lyrics use '겪다' to describe the pain of a breakup or the struggle of trainee days. Historical dramas (Sageuk) often use '겪다' when characters discuss the tribulations of war or political exile.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Talking about personal hardships

힘든 일을 겪다
고생을 겪다
아픔을 겪다
슬픔을 겪다

Discussing social or economic issues

경제 위기를 겪다
취업난을 겪다
차별을 겪다
변화를 겪다

Describing life stages

사춘기를 겪다
갱년기를 겪다
무명 시절을 겪다
과도기를 겪다

Relationship dynamics

갈등을 겪다
이별을 겪다
사람을 겪어 보다
불화를 겪다

Business and Projects

진통을 겪다
시행착오를 겪다
난항을 겪다
위기를 겪다

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"살면서 가장 힘들었던 일은 무엇을 겪었을 때인가요?"

"최근에 어떤 변화를 겪고 계신가요?"

"사람을 겪어 보고 실망한 적이 있나요?"

"한국어를 배우면서 어떤 어려움을 겪으셨나요?"

"사춘기를 어떻게 겪으셨는지 궁금해요."

موضوعات نگارش

내가 직접 겪은 일 중에서 가장 기억에 남는 경험에 대해 써 보세요.

어려움을 겪고 있는 친구에게 해주고 싶은 조언을 적어 보세요.

우리 사회가 현재 겪고 있는 가장 큰 문제는 무엇이라고 생각하나요?

'사람은 겪어 봐야 안다'는 말에 동의하나요? 자신의 경험을 바탕으로 써 보세요.

시행착오를 겪으며 배운 소중한 교훈에 대해 기록해 보세요.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Generally, no. 겪다 is reserved for hardships, trials, or significant processes that require endurance. For positive things like a fun vacation or a good meal, use '경험하다' or simply '하다'.

겪다 is the basic verb 'to undergo.' 겪어 보다 means 'to try undergoing' or 'to have the experience of undergoing.' When used with people, '겪어 보다' specifically means to get to know someone's character over time.

No, 겪다 is a regular verb. Even though it has a double consonant 'ㄲ', it follows standard conjugation rules: 겪어, 겪으니, 겪는, 겪어서.

You can say '많은 일을 겪고 있어요' or '힘든 일을 많이 겪고 있어요.' Both are very common and natural.

Yes, it can be used for the process of suffering from an illness, like '홍역을 겪다' (to go through the measles) or '우울증을 겪다' (to suffer from depression).

It means to spend enough time with someone to see how they behave in different situations, especially difficult ones. It's like 'testing' their character through shared time.

Yes, very often. It's used for '경영난' (management difficulty), '위기' (crisis), and '진통' (growing pains/struggle during a new start).

Usually, 겪다 implies some duration. For a very sudden, one-time negative event, '당하다' is often better. Use 겪다 when there is a 'process' involved.

Not necessarily more formal, but it is more 'heavy.' It carries more emotional weight and is more specific about the nature of the experience.

The most common mistake is using it for fun or trivial things. Remember: 겪다 = Undergo/Endure. 경험하다 = Experience/Learn.

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