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B1 noun خنثی 2 دقیقه مطالعه

mangel

/ˈmɑŋːəl/
تمرین کن نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

Overview

The Norwegian word 'mangel' is a versatile and commonly used noun that translates to 'lack,' 'shortage,' 'deficiency,' or 'absence' in English. It is a masculine noun, and its grammatical forms are as follows:

  • Singular definite: mangelen (the lack/shortage)
  • Singular indefinite: mangel (a lack/shortage)
  • Plural definite: manglene (the lacks/shortages)
  • Plural indefinite: mangler (lacks/shortages)

'Mangel' can be used in a wide array of contexts, from describing the absence of physical objects to the shortage of abstract concepts. Here are some common uses and nuances:

  1. 1Physical Shortages: It is frequently used to denote a lack of tangible things. For example, 'mangel på mat' means 'lack of food,' and 'mangel på vann' means 'shortage of water.'
  1. 1Deficiencies (Nutritional/Medical): In a medical or nutritional context, 'mangel' refers to a deficiency. 'Vitaminmangel' means 'vitamin deficiency,' and 'jernmangel' means 'iron deficiency.'
  1. 1Absence or Scarcity: It can also describe the absence of something desired or expected. 'Mangel på kunnskap' means 'lack of knowledge,' and 'mangel på motivasjon' means 'lack of motivation.'
  1. 1Flaws or Defects: In some contexts, 'mangel' can imply a flaw or defect, especially when referring to qualities or attributes. For instance, 'en mangel ved systemet' could mean 'a flaw in the system.'
  1. 1Legal Contexts: In legal terminology, 'mangel' can refer to a defect or non-conformity in goods or services, often leading to claims or remedies. For example, 'en mangel ved varen' means 'a defect in the product.'

Common Phrases and Expressions:

  • Ha mangel på: To have a lack of (e.g., 'Vi har mangel på tid' - We have a lack of time).
  • På grunn av mangel på: Due to a lack of (e.g., 'På grunn av mangel på bevis, ble han frikjent' - Due to a lack of evidence, he was acquitted).
  • Lide av mangel på: To suffer from a lack of (e.g., 'Mange barn lider av mangel på kjærlighet' - Many children suffer from a lack of love).

Understanding the context is crucial when interpreting 'mangel,' as its precise meaning can shift slightly depending on what it is referring to. It's a fundamental word for expressing scarcity, absence, or deficiency in Norwegian.

مثال‌ها

1

Det er mangel på arbeidskraft i mange bransjer.

labor, economy

There is a shortage of labor in many industries.

2

Han viste en total mangel på respekt.

behavior, social interaction

He showed a complete lack of respect.

3

Mangel på søvn kan føre til konsentrasjonsvansker.

health, well-being

Lack of sleep can lead to difficulty concentrating.

4

På grunn av mangel på bevis ble saken henlagt.

legal, crime

Due to lack of evidence, the case was dropped.

5

Vi har en mangel på vann på grunn av tørken.

environment, natural resources

We have a lack of water due to the drought.

ترکیب‌های رایج

mangel på
stor mangel
grunnleggende mangel
akutt mangel
vedvarende mangel
avdekke mangel

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

mangel در مقابل mangler
'Mangel' is a noun (lack/shortage), while 'mangler' is the present tense verb 'lacks' or the plural of 'mangel'.

الگوهای دستوری

En mangel på [noe] [Noe] er en mangelvare Lider av mangel på [noe]

نحوه استفاده

نکات کاربردی

'Mangel' is a versatile Norwegian noun meaning 'lack,' 'shortage,' 'deficiency,' or 'absence.' It is typically used with the preposition 'på' (on/of) to indicate what is lacking. For example, 'mangel på vann' means 'lack of water,' and 'mangel på søvn' means 'lack of sleep.' It can be used in both concrete and abstract senses. Concretely, one might speak of a 'mangel på mat' (shortage of food) or 'mangel på ressurser' (lack of resources). Abstractly, it can refer to a 'mangel på forståelse' (lack of understanding) or 'mangel på respekt' (lack of respect). The plural form is 'mangler,' which can mean 'deficiencies' or 'shortcomings,' often used in the context of identifying faults or areas for improvement, such as 'list opp manglene' (list the shortcomings). 'Mangel' can also be part of compound words, like 'vitaminmangel' (vitamin deficiency). The word itself is neutral, simply denoting absence, but the context often imbues it with positive or negative connotations depending on what is lacking. It's a common and fundamental term in everyday Norwegian vocabulary.

اشتباهات رایج

Mixing up 'mangel' with 'manke' (mane). 'Mangel' refers to an absence or insufficiency, while 'manke' is the hair on an animal's neck. Pay attention to the 'g' in 'mangel' to differentiate.

نکات

💡

Word Class & Gender

'Mangel' is a common noun in Norwegian, and it is a masculine noun. This means it takes the masculine indefinite article 'en' and follows masculine declension patterns. For example: 'en mangel' (a lack).
💡

Common Pitfalls

Be careful not to confuse 'mangel' with similar-sounding words like 'mengde' (quantity) or 'manke' (mane). While they share some letters, their meanings are distinct. Also, remember that 'mangel' can be both countable and uncountable depending on the context. For instance, 'en mangel' (a deficiency) vs. 'mangel på tid' (lack of time).
💡

Usage Examples & Collocations

'Mangel' is frequently used in phrases to express a deficit or absence. Some common collocations include: - **Mangel på noe:** Lack of something (e.g., 'mangel på vann' - lack of water) - **En mangel ved noe:** A deficiency in something (e.g., 'en mangel ved systemet' - a deficiency in the system) - **Lide av mangel på noe:** To suffer from a lack of something (e.g., 'å lide av mangel på søvn' - to suffer from lack of sleep) - **Det er mangel på arbeidskraft:** There is a shortage of labor. - **På grunn av mangel på bevis:** Due to lack of evidence. - **Erstatte en mangel:** To compensate for a deficiency. Understanding these common usages will help you incorporate 'mangel' naturally into your Norwegian vocabulary.

ریشه کلمه

From Old Norse `mangl` meaning 'lack, deficiency'. It is related to the verb `manga`, which meant 'to lack, to be short of'. The Old Norse term itself is thought to have Germanic roots, possibly related to Proto-Germanic `*manglon`, which might have had a sense of 'to be in need' or 'to be defective'. This word has cognates in other Germanic languages, for instance, Old English `mancian` (to maim, to impair) and Old High German `mangolōn` (to lack). Over time, the Norwegian word `mangel` retained and solidified its meaning of 'lack' or 'shortage', encompassing both an absence of something desired or necessary, and a quantitative insufficiency. Its usage can be found in various contexts, from a simple lack of an item to more abstract concepts like a lack of understanding or a moral failing. The word has been consistently present in the Norwegian language through its different evolutionary stages, maintaining a core semantic consistency despite phonetic and grammatical shifts in the language itself.

بافت فرهنگی

In Norway, the concept of 'mangel' (lack or shortage) can be understood in various contexts, reflecting both individual experiences and broader societal concerns. Economically, discussions around 'mangel' often relate to resource scarcity, labor shortages in certain sectors, or the availability of specific goods and services, particularly in more remote areas. Socially, 'mangel' might be used to describe a lack of social support, community resources, or even cultural offerings in smaller towns. Environmentally, the term can refer to a shortage of natural resources or a lack of conservation efforts. There's also a common understanding of 'mangel' in a more personal sense, such as a 'mangel på tid' (lack of time) or 'mangel på motivasjon' (lack of motivation), reflecting everyday challenges. The Norwegian welfare state aims to mitigate many forms of 'mangel' through robust social safety nets and public services, yet the concept remains relevant in discussions about inequalities and areas needing improvement. The directness of the term 'mangel' often conveys a straightforward observation of absence or insufficiency.

راهنمای حفظ

Visualize a 'mangled' pile of something, indicating a shortage.

سوالات متداول

4 سوال
'Mangel' in Norwegian directly translates to 'lack' or 'shortage' in English. It's a versatile word used to describe an absence or insufficiency of something, whether it's a physical object, a quality, or a resource. For example, you might hear of a 'mangel på vann' (lack of water) or a 'mangel på erfaring' (lack of experience). The meaning can shift slightly based on the context, but the core idea of something being missing or not enough remains consistent.
'Mangel' is often used in conjunction with the preposition 'på' (on/of) to specify what is lacking. For instance, 'Det er mangel på arbeidskraft' means 'There is a shortage of labor.' It can also be part of compound words, like 'vitaminmangel' (vitamin deficiency). Additionally, it can appear in more formal or abstract contexts, such as describing a 'mangel ved loven' (a flaw/deficiency in the law). The usage is quite flexible, reflecting its broad applicability.
Yes, there are several common phrases and expressions. 'Ha mangel på' means 'to lack' or 'to be short of' something. 'Lide av mangel på' translates to 'to suffer from a lack of.' A legal term often used is 'mangel ved varen,' meaning 'defect in the goods,' particularly in consumer rights. Another expression is 'i mangel av,' which means 'in the absence of' or 'for lack of.' These phrases highlight the various ways 'mangel' is integrated into everyday and formal Norwegian.
While 'mangel' is quite specific, related words can offer nuanced alternatives. 'Knapphet' means 'scarcity,' often referring to a general shortage. 'Underskudd' translates to 'deficit' or 'shortfall,' frequently used in financial or budgetary contexts. 'Fravær' means 'absence,' which can be similar but doesn't necessarily imply an insufficient quantity. Depending on the exact context, these words can sometimes be used to convey a similar idea of something being less than desired or completely missing.

خودت رو بسنج

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Det er en klar ______ på fagarbeidere i byggebransjen.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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På grunn av ______ på regn, var avlingen dårlig i år.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:
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En _______ på søvn kan føre til konsentrasjonsvansker.

درسته! نه دقیقاً. پاسخ صحیح:

امتیاز: /3

محتوای مرتبط

این کلمه در زبان‌های دیگر

mangel اسپانیایی mangel Danish Mangel آلمانی
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