Overview
The Swedish verb 'vinna' is a strong verb, meaning it undergoes a vowel change in its past tense forms, and it translates to 'to win' or 'to be successful in a competition'. It's an essential verb for discussing achievements, sports, games, and various forms of success.
Conjugation:
- Infinitive: vinna (to win)
- Present Tense (Presens): vinner (wins, am/is/are winning)
- Jag vinner (I win)
- Du vinner (You win)
- Han/Hon/Den/Det vinner (He/She/It wins)
- Vi vinner (We win)
- Ni vinner (You all win)
- De vinner (They win)
- Past Tense (Preteritum/Imperativ): vann (won)
- Jag vann (I won)
- Du vann (You won)
- Han/Hon/Den/Det vann (He/She/It won)
- Vi vann (We won)
- Ni vann (You all won)
- De vann (They won)
- Supine (Supinum): vunnit (have/has won - used with 'har' for present perfect and 'hade' for past perfect)
- Jag har vunnit (I have won)
- Du har vunnit (You have won)
- Past Participle (Particip perfekt): vunnen (masculine singular), vunnet (neuter singular), vunna (plural/definite) - This form is used as an adjective.
- Den vunna matchen (The won match)
- Det vunna priset (The won prize)
Common Usages and Phrases:
**To win a competition/game/match:**
- 'Han vill vinna matchen.' (He wants to win the match.)
- 'De vinner alltid.' (They always win.)
- 'Vem vann tävlingen?' (Who won the competition?)
**To win a prize/award:**
- 'Hon vann första pris.' (She won first prize.)
- 'Företaget vann en utmärkelse.' (The company won an award.)
- 1To gain/win something (e.g., trust, respect, time):
- 'Det tar tid att vinna någons förtroende.' (It takes time to win someone's trust.)
- 'Vi måste vinna tillbaka våra kunders lojalitet.' (We must win back our customers' loyalty.)
- 'Att spara tid är att vinna tid.' (To save time is to gain time.)
**Figurative use - 'vinna på' (to benefit from, to gain from):**
- 'Han vinner mycket på sin nya livsstil.' (He gains a lot from his new lifestyle.)
- 'Företaget vinner på att investera i ny teknik.' (The company benefits from investing in new technology.)
Nuances:
- While 'vinna' is straightforward for 'to win,' sometimes other verbs might be used depending on the context. For instance, 'segra' also means 'to triumph' or 'to be victorious,' often used in a more formal or grander context.
- The past participle 'vunnen' can be quite useful when describing something that has been won, acting as an adjective.
Understanding 'vinna' and its various forms is crucial for constructing sentences related to success and achievement in Swedish.
مثالها
De tävlade om att vinna första pris.
competitionThey competed to win first prize.
Att vinna en guldmedalj är en stor bedrift.
sports/achievementTo win a gold medal is a great achievement.
Vem tror du kommer att vinna matchen?
sports/gameWho do you think will win the match?
Hon lyckades vinna över sina motståndare.
competition/overcomingShe managed to win over her opponents.
Det viktigaste är inte att vinna, utan att delta.
sports/philosophyThe most important thing is not to win, but to participate.
ترکیبهای رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
similar spelling, 'vinne' is subjunctive form
'vinst' is the noun form (gain, profit)
الگوهای دستوری
نحوه استفاده
نکات کاربردی
'Vinna' is a versatile verb in Swedish, primarily meaning 'to win.' It can be used transitively, as in 'Han vann matchen' (He won the match), or intransitively, as in 'Hon vill vinna' (She wants to win). The past tense is 'vann' and the supine form (used with auxiliary verbs to form perfect tenses) is 'vunnit.' It often takes a direct object referring to what is won, such as a game, a prize, or a competition. For example, 'De vann en guldmedalj' (They won a gold medal). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, like 'vinna tid' (to gain time) or 'vinna mark' (to gain ground). When talking about winning someone over, 'vinna någons hjärta' (to win someone's heart) is a common idiom. It's crucial to distinguish 'vinna' from 'besegra' (to defeat), as 'vinna' focuses on the act of winning, while 'besegra' emphasizes overcoming an opponent.
اشتباهات رایج
People sometimes confuse 'vinna' (to win) with 'bo' (to live) due to similar sounds in other contexts, or they might use 'erövra' (to conquer) when 'vinna' is more appropriate for a competition. Ensure you use 'vinna' for achieving success in a contest or game.
نکات
Use 'vinna' for competitive success.
Use 'vinna' when talking about winning a competition, game, or race. For example: 'Jag vill vinna matchen' (I want to win the match).
Don't use 'vinna' for gaining or earning.
Do not use 'vinna' when you mean 'to gain' or 'to earn' something non-competitive, like knowledge or money from work. Instead, use words like 'få' (to get), 'tjäna' (to earn), or 'erövra' (to conquer/gain).
Associated phrases and forms.
Common phrases include 'vinna över någon' (to win against someone) or 'vinna på lotteri' (to win the lottery). The past tense is 'vann' and the perfect participle is 'vunnit'.
ریشه کلمه
From Old Norse vinna, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną. Cognate with English win, German gewinnen.
بافت فرهنگی
In Sweden, 'vinna' (to win) is deeply embedded in the national psyche, especially concerning sports like ice hockey and football, where success is a source of national pride. Beyond sports, 'vinna' is often used in the context of academic achievements, business dealings, or even lottery wins, reflecting a society that values accomplishment and success. The concept of 'vinna' extends to collective achievements, such as Sweden winning the Eurovision Song Contest, uniting the nation in celebration. However, there's also a cultural emphasis on humility; while Swedes appreciate winning, overt boasting is generally frowned upon. The act of winning is often seen as a result of hard work, discipline, and fair play, aligning with Swedish societal values of effort and integrity.
راهنمای حفظ
Visualize a 'winner' (vinna) celebrating with a glass of 'vin' (wine) to connect the sounds.
سوالات متداول
4 سوالThe present tense conjugation of 'vinna' is 'vinner'. For example, 'Jag vinner' means 'I win'.
The past tense conjugation of 'vinna' is 'vann'. For instance, 'Hon vann' translates to 'She won'.
The supine form of 'vinna' is 'vunnit'. This form is used with 'har' (have) to create the present perfect tense, as in 'Vi har vunnit' which means 'We have won'.
The imperative form of 'vinna' is 'vinn'. This is used to give a command, such as 'Vinn!' meaning 'Win!'
خودت رو بسنج
Jag hoppas att du kommer att ____ tävlingen.
De tränar hårt för att ____ matchen.
Om du svarar rätt kan du ____ ett pris.
امتیاز: /3
Use 'vinna' for competitive success.
Use 'vinna' when talking about winning a competition, game, or race. For example: 'Jag vill vinna matchen' (I want to win the match).
Don't use 'vinna' for gaining or earning.
Do not use 'vinna' when you mean 'to gain' or 'to earn' something non-competitive, like knowledge or money from work. Instead, use words like 'få' (to get), 'tjäna' (to earn), or 'erövra' (to conquer/gain).
Associated phrases and forms.
Common phrases include 'vinna över någon' (to win against someone) or 'vinna på lotteri' (to win the lottery). The past tense is 'vann' and the perfect participle is 'vunnit'.
مثالها
5 از 5De tävlade om att vinna första pris.
They competed to win first prize.
Att vinna en guldmedalj är en stor bedrift.
To win a gold medal is a great achievement.
Vem tror du kommer att vinna matchen?
Who do you think will win the match?
Hon lyckades vinna över sina motståndare.
She managed to win over her opponents.
Det viktigaste är inte att vinna, utan att delta.
The most important thing is not to win, but to participate.
