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A2 verb #3,500 پرکاربردترین 9 دقیقه مطالعه

诊断

zhěnduàn رتبه 3,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 诊断 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 诊断 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that '诊断' (zhěnduàn) is a word used by doctors. Think of it as 'what a doctor does.' You might see it on a sign in a hospital or in a very basic story about someone being sick. At this stage, don't worry about using it yourself in complex sentences. Just recognize that when you see '诊', it usually has something to do with a clinic or a doctor. It's a high-level word, but its basic meaning is 'to find out what is wrong with a patient.' You can associate it with the word '医生' (yīshēng - doctor) and '病' (bìng - illness). If a doctor looks at you and says '感冒' (gǎnmào - cold), that is their '诊断'. It's the answer to the question 'What is wrong with me?'

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At the A2 level, you should be able to use '诊断' in simple sentences related to health. You can say '医生诊断我感冒了' (The doctor diagnosed me with a cold). You should also recognize the character '诊' in '诊所' (zhěnsuǒ - clinic). At this level, you understand that '诊断' is a formal way to talk about a doctor's opinion. You might encounter it in a textbook dialogue where a character goes to the hospital. You should also start to notice that it can be used for things like computers, though the medical meaning is more important for now. It is a 'Verb + Object' structure most of the time. For example, '诊断病情' (diagnose the condition). You are moving from just recognizing the word to being able to place it in a basic 'Subject-Verb-Object' sentence structure.

By B1, you should be comfortable using '诊断' in both medical and technical contexts. You should understand the difference between '诊断' (the process/conclusion) and '检查' (the act of checking). You might use it to describe a problem with your car or computer: '我的电脑出了问题，需要诊断' (My computer has a problem and needs a diagnosis). You should also be aware of the passive form using '被' (bèi), such as '他被诊断出患有心脏病' (He was diagnosed with heart disease). At this level, you can also use related terms like '诊断书' (diagnosis report/certificate). Your vocabulary is expanding to include the 'result' of the diagnosis, not just the action itself. You are starting to use the word in professional settings, like a workplace or a more serious medical discussion.

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At the B2 level, you can use '诊断' metaphorically and in formal writing. You might 'diagnose' the problems of a company or an economy. You understand the nuance of '确诊' (confirmed diagnosis) versus '初步诊断' (preliminary diagnosis). You can handle complex grammar patterns, such as '经过详细的诊断，专家们认为...' (After a detailed diagnosis, the experts believe...). You should be able to read news articles about health crises where '诊断' and '确诊' are used frequently. You also understand the cultural weight of the word—that a '诊断' is an authoritative statement. You are able to discuss the 'criteria' for a diagnosis ('诊断标准' - zhěnduàn biāozhǔn) and how different factors lead to a specific conclusion. Your use of the word is precise and fits the formal register of the situation.

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At the C1 level, you use '诊断' with the precision of a native speaker. You are familiar with its use in academic papers, legal documents, and high-level business consulting. You can discuss the 'differential diagnosis' (鉴别诊断 - jiànbié zhěnduàn) or the 'diagnostic accuracy' (诊断准确性). You understand how '诊断' fits into the broader Chinese medical history, including Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) terminology. You can use the word to critique social phenomena, 'diagnosing' the root causes of cultural shifts or political issues. Your sentences are complex, often using '诊断' as part of a multi-clause argument. You also recognize and can use idioms or professional jargon that include '诊' or '断', and you understand the subtle differences between '诊断' and other formal terms like '鉴定' or '研判'.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of '诊断' in all its nuances. You can navigate highly specialized medical or technical texts where '诊断' is used in very specific ways. You understand the philosophical implications of 'diagnosis' in modern society and can engage in deep discussions about the ethics of diagnostic AI or the history of medical categorization in China. You can write professional reports or academic articles using '诊断' in a way that is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You are aware of the most obscure collocations and can use the word to express subtle shades of meaning, such as the difference between a 'clinical diagnosis' (临床诊断) and a 'pathological diagnosis' (病理诊断). Your command of the word allows you to use it creatively in literature or high-level rhetoric, playing with its connotations of authority, clarity, and the 'cutting' (断) of uncertainty.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

诊断 در ۳۰ ثانیه

诊断 (zhěnduàn) is the formal Chinese word for 'diagnose' or 'diagnosis,' used primarily in medical and professional contexts to identify problems.
It combines '诊' (to examine) and '断' (to judge), emphasizing a process that leads to a definitive professional conclusion or identification.
Commonly used in hospitals for diseases, it is also applied to troubleshooting technical systems, analyzing business issues, or critiquing social problems.
Unlike '检查' (to check), '诊断' focuses on naming the problem, and '确诊' is used when that diagnosis is officially confirmed by tests.

The Chinese word 诊断 (zhěnduàn) is a formal and essential term primarily used in medical, technical, and analytical contexts. At its core, it translates to 'to diagnose' or 'diagnosis.' The character 诊 (zhěn) relates to examining a patient or looking into symptoms, while 断 (duàn) implies making a judgment, decision, or conclusion. Together, they represent the process of identifying the nature of a problem by examination. While most commonly heard in hospitals, its usage has expanded significantly into the realms of computer science, business management, and social science, where one might 'diagnose' a system failure or a market trend.

Medical Context: This is the most frequent usage. It refers to a doctor identifying a disease or condition after examining a patient. It can be used as both a verb ('The doctor diagnosed me') and a noun ('The diagnosis was clear').
Technical Context: In IT or engineering, it refers to troubleshooting or identifying the root cause of a mechanical or software error. For example, a car's computer might perform a self-diagnosis.
Business Context: Consultants often 'diagnose' the health of a company, looking for inefficiencies or structural weaknesses that prevent growth.

医生正在为病人进行详细的诊断。(The doctor is performing a detailed diagnosis for the patient.)

Historically, 诊断 was rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), where it involved four methods: looking (望), listening/smelling (闻), asking (问), and feeling the pulse (切). Today, however, it encompasses all modern diagnostic tools like MRI, blood tests, and AI-driven analysis. When you use this word, you are implying a level of professional expertise and a definitive conclusion based on evidence.

通过这次市场诊断，我们发现了销售额下降的原因。(Through this market diagnosis, we found the reason for the drop in sales.)

In daily life, you will hear this word in phrases like '确诊' (quèzhěn - to confirm a diagnosis), which became extremely common during the COVID-19 pandemic. It carries a weight of authority. If a friend says 'I think I have a cold,' they are just guessing; if they say 'The doctor 诊断 me with a cold,' it is an official medical fact. Because of this, the word is rarely used for casual guesses or intuition; it requires a systematic process of evaluation.

Social Context: Society's 'illnesses' such as corruption or inequality are often 'diagnosed' by social scientists in academic papers.

他被诊断为流感。(He was diagnosed with the flu.)

Using 诊断 correctly requires understanding its role as both a transitive verb and a noun. In Chinese, verbs often don't change form, but the surrounding particles and prepositions define the tense and voice. For medical professionals, '诊断' is the primary action they perform after the '检查' (examination) phase.

Active Voice: Subject (Doctor/System) + 诊断 + Object (Patient/Illness). Example: 医生诊断了他的病情 (The doctor diagnosed his condition).
Passive Voice: Subject (Patient) + 被 (bèi) + 诊断为 (diagnosed as) + Illness. Example: 他被诊断为肺炎 (He was diagnosed with pneumonia).

这种病很难诊断，需要进一步检查。(This disease is hard to diagnose; further examination is needed.)

When used in a non-medical setting, the structure remains largely the same. For instance, in a technological context, a software engineer might say '诊断系统错误' (diagnose system errors). Here, the 'illness' is the bug, and the 'patient' is the software. This metaphorical use is very common in professional Chinese and is considered standard, not slang.

计算机专家正在诊断网络连接问题。(The computer expert is diagnosing network connection issues.)

Another important pattern is '进行诊断' (jìnxíng zhěnduàn), which literally means 'to carry out a diagnosis.' This is more formal than just using '诊断' as a verb and is frequently found in medical papers or official hospital documentation. It treats the diagnosis as a formal procedure or process rather than just a quick action.

Noun Usage: Example: 他的诊断是正确的 (His diagnosis is correct). Here, 诊断 acts as the subject of the sentence.

初步诊断显示他的骨头没有断。(The preliminary diagnosis shows his bone is not broken.)

If you find yourself in a Chinese hospital (医院 - yīyuàn), 诊断 is a word you will see on signs and hear in almost every consultation. It is ubiquitous in the medical world. However, its 'natural habitat' extends far beyond the clinic. You will encounter it in news broadcasts, technical manuals, and even in business meetings.

In the Hospital: Look for '诊断室' (zhěnduàn shì), which is the 'Diagnosis Room' or 'Consultation Room.' Doctors will use it when discussing your '病情' (bìngqíng - condition).
In the News: During any public health crisis, news anchors will frequently use '确诊病例' (quèzhěn bìngliì - confirmed cases) and '疑似病例' (yísì bìnglì - suspected cases).

医生在诊断书上签了名。(The doctor signed the diagnosis report.)

In the tech industry, especially in software development and DevOps, '远程诊断' (yuǎnchéng zhěnduàn - remote diagnosis) is a common term. It refers to a support technician accessing a computer from a different location to find out what is wrong. Similarly, in the automotive industry, modern cars have 'OBD' (On-Board Diagnostics), which in Chinese is often referred to as '车载诊断系统' (chēzài zhěnduàn xìtǒng).

由于缺乏数据，我们目前无法进行准确的诊断。(Due to a lack of data, we cannot currently make an accurate diagnosis.)

You will also hear it in academic settings. A professor of economics might 'diagnose' the reasons for a country's inflation. In this sense, '诊断' is used to show that the analysis is rigorous and scientific, rather than just a casual opinion. It lends an air of authority to the speaker's findings.

The 'Diagnosis' of Society: Social critics might use the term '社会诊断' (shèhuì zhěnduàn) to describe their critique of modern social issues, treating society as a 'body' that needs healing.

这位专家对经济危机的诊断非常深刻。(This expert's diagnosis of the economic crisis is very profound.)

While 诊断 is a relatively straightforward word, English speakers often make mistakes by confusing it with similar terms like '检查' (jiǎnchá - check/examine) or '分析' (fēnxī - analyze). Understanding the boundaries of '诊断' is key to sounding natural in Chinese.

Confusing '诊断' with '检查': '检查' (jiǎnchá) is the process of looking at something. '诊断' (zhěnduàn) is the conclusion you reach. You '检查' (examine) a patient to '诊断' (diagnose) their illness. You cannot say 'I diagnosed my homework' when you mean you checked it for errors.
Incorrect Object Placement: Sometimes learners say '诊断人' (diagnose the person) without specifying the illness. While grammatically okay in some contexts, it's much more common to say '诊断出...病' (diagnose ... disease) or '诊断病情' (diagnose the condition).

Incorrect: 我诊断了我的电脑。(I diagnosed my computer.) - Too vague.
Correct: 我对电脑故障进行了诊断。(I performed a diagnosis on the computer's malfunction.)

Another mistake is using '诊断' for non-problematic situations. You only '诊断' something that is perceived as a 'malfunction,' 'disease,' or 'issue.' You wouldn't '诊断' why a cake tastes good; you would '分析' (analyze) the ingredients. '诊断' always carries the connotation of fixing something that is wrong.

Incorrect: 他诊断了他的成功。(He diagnosed his success.)
Correct: 他分析了他的成功原因。(He analyzed the reasons for his success.)

Finally, be careful with the word '确诊' (quèzhěn). This means the diagnosis is 'confirmed.' Learners often use '诊断' when they actually mean '确诊.' If the lab results just came back and there is no doubt anymore, '确诊' is the more precise and commonly used term in modern Chinese news and medical reports.

Overusing '诊断' as a Verb: In English, we say 'The doctor diagnosed him.' In Chinese, it's often more natural to say '经诊断' (Through diagnosis...) or '诊断结果是' (The diagnostic result is...). Using it solely as a simple verb can sometimes sound slightly 'translated' or Westernized.

To truly master 诊断, you need to know how it stacks up against its synonyms. Depending on the context—medical, technical, or general—different words might be more appropriate. Here is a breakdown of the most common alternatives.

诊断 (zhěnduàn) vs. 检查 (jiǎnchá): '检查' means to check or examine. It is the action of looking. '诊断' is the conclusion of that examination. You go to the hospital for a '检查' so that the doctor can give you a '诊断.'
诊断 (zhěnduàn) vs. 确诊 (quèzhěn): '确诊' means 'confirmed diagnosis.' It is used when the doctor is 100% sure, usually after lab tests. '诊断' can be a preliminary opinion or the general process.
诊断 (zhěnduàn) vs. 分析 (fēnxī): '分析' means to analyze. While you can 'diagnose' a problem, you 'analyze' data. '诊断' implies there is a 'sickness' or 'failure' to be found, while '分析' is more neutral.

医生通过检查，最终确诊他患有糖尿病。(Through examination, the doctor finally confirmed the diagnosis that he has diabetes.)

In technical fields, you might encounter '调试' (tiáoshì - debug) or '故障排除' (gùzhàng páichú - troubleshooting). While '诊断' identifies what is wrong, '调试' and '故障排除' involve the actual process of fixing it. '诊断' is the 'what' and 'why,' while these other terms are the 'how to fix.'

我们需要对这台机器进行故障诊断。(We need to perform a fault diagnosis on this machine.)

Finally, consider '判断' (pànduàn - judge/determine). This is a much broader term. You can '判断' if it will rain, but you '诊断' a specific malfunction. '判断' is based on judgment, while '诊断' is based on professional examination and evidence.

Summary Table

诊断: Professional identification of a problem/disease.
检查: The physical act of looking or testing.
确诊: A finalized, confirmed diagnosis.
判断: A general judgment or estimation.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character '断' (duàn) is the same 'duàn' in '判断' (judgment). It literally looks like an axe cutting through something, representing the finality of a doctor's decision.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnəʊz/

US /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnoʊz/

For 'zhěnduàn', the primary stress is balanced between the two characters, but the falling tone of 'duàn' (4th tone) often sounds more emphatic.

هم‌قافیه با

本 (běn) 粉 (fěn) 准 (zhǔn) 惯 (guàn) 算 (suàn) 乱 (luàn) 慢 (màn) 站 (zhàn)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'zhěn' as 'zhēn' (1st tone instead of 3rd).
Mixing up 'duàn' with 'dān' or 'duān'.
Failing to make the 'zh' sound a retroflex (tongue back).
Using English rising intonation at the end of the word.
Pronouncing the 'n' in 'zhěn' too weakly.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The characters are somewhat complex but appear frequently in formal texts.

نوشتن 4/5

Writing '诊断' requires many strokes and correct radical placement.

صحبت کردن 2/5

The tones are distinct (3rd and 4th), making it relatively easy to pronounce clearly.

گوش دادن 2/5

It is a very common word in news and medical contexts, easily recognizable.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

医生病检查医院结果

بعداً یاد بگیرید

确诊治疗症状处方手术

پیشرفته

病理学临床路径预后并发症免疫系统

گرامر لازم

The 'Resultative Complement' with '出' (chū)

医生诊断**出**了病因。 (The doctor diagnosed the cause.)

The Passive Voice with '被' (bèi)

他**被**诊断为心脏病。 (He was diagnosed with heart disease.)

Using '为' (wéi) as 'as'

诊断**为**流感。 (Diagnosed as flu.)

Nominalization with '的' (de)

医生**的**诊断。 (The doctor's diagnosis.)

Formal structure '进行' (jìnxíng)

**进行**初步诊断。 (Carry out a preliminary diagnosis.)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

医生在诊断。

The doctor is diagnosing.

Simple Subject + Verb structure.

这是我的诊断。

This is my diagnosis.

Using '诊断' as a noun.

他去医院诊断。

He goes to the hospital for a diagnosis.

Verb of purpose.

诊断结果是什么？

What is the diagnosis result?

Noun compound: 诊断 + 结果.

医生诊断他感冒了。

The doctor diagnosed him with a cold.

Direct object + adjective/noun phrase.

我需要一个诊断。

I need a diagnosis.

Basic 'need' + noun structure.

诊断室在哪里？

Where is the diagnosis room?

Location question with noun compound.

诊断很快就结束了。

The diagnosis ended very quickly.

Noun as a subject.

医生诊断出他得了流感。

The doctor diagnosed that he had the flu.

Use of '出' (chū) as a resultative complement.

这台电脑需要诊断一下。

This computer needs to be diagnosed for a bit.

Use of '一下' (yīxià) for a brief action.

医生给病人做诊断。

The doctor gives the patient a diagnosis.

Structure '给...做诊断' (give ... a diagnosis).

这种病很难诊断。

This disease is hard to diagnose.

Adjective '难' (nán) + verb.

医生诊断他是过敏。

The doctor diagnosed him as having an allergy.

诊断 + Subject + 是 + Noun.

我们要听医生的诊断。

We need to listen to the doctor's diagnosis.

Possessive '的' with noun.

自我诊断是不安全的。

Self-diagnosis is unsafe.

Compound '自我诊断' (self-diagnosis).

这次诊断非常准确。

This diagnosis was very accurate.

Adverb '非常' + Adjective '准确'.

他被诊断为患有慢性肺炎。

He was diagnosed as suffering from chronic pneumonia.

Passive '被' structure + '为' (as).

专家正在对市场进行诊断。

Experts are performing a diagnosis on the market.

Formal '对...进行诊断' structure.

我们需要更先进的设备来诊断这种病。

We need more advanced equipment to diagnose this disease.

Use of '来' (lái) to indicate purpose.

由于诊断错误，治疗被推迟了。

Due to a diagnostic error, the treatment was delayed.

Noun compound '诊断错误' (diagnostic error).

医生还没给出最终的诊断。

The doctor hasn't given the final diagnosis yet.

Negative '还没' + '给出' (give out).

软件会自动诊断网络问题。

The software will automatically diagnose network problems.

Adverb '自动' (automatically) + verb.

初步诊断表明他只是肌肉拉伤。

The preliminary diagnosis indicates he just has a muscle strain.

Noun '初步诊断' + '表明' (indicates).

这种诊断方法非常有效。

This diagnostic method is very effective.

Noun compound '诊断方法' (diagnostic method).

医生在确诊之前不会轻易下诊断。

Doctors won't easily make a diagnosis before confirming it.

Phrase '下诊断' (to make/issue a diagnosis).

该报告详细诊断了公司管理中的漏洞。

The report diagnosed the loopholes in the company's management in detail.

Metaphorical use in business context.

误诊可能导致严重的后果。

Misdiagnosis can lead to serious consequences.

Compound '误诊' (wùzhěn - misdiagnosis).

远程诊断系统可以帮助偏远地区的病人。

Remote diagnostic systems can help patients in remote areas.

Compound '远程诊断' (remote diagnosis).

诊断标准的改变影响了统计数据。

Changes in diagnostic criteria have affected the statistical data.

Noun compound '诊断标准' (diagnostic criteria).

医生通过排除法对他进行了诊断。

The doctor diagnosed him using the process of elimination.

Phrase '通过排除法' (via process of elimination).

这份诊断书是办理病假条的依据。

This diagnosis certificate is the basis for applying for a sick leave note.

Formal noun '诊断书'.

心理医生诊断他患有轻度抑郁症。

The psychiatrist diagnosed him with mild depression.

Specific medical field (psychiatry) usage.

该论文对当前教育体制的弊端进行了深刻的诊断。

The paper provides a profound diagnosis of the drawbacks of the current education system.

Highly formal academic structure.

鉴别诊断是区分两种相似疾病的关键步骤。

Differential diagnosis is a key step in distinguishing two similar diseases.

Technical term '鉴别诊断' (differential diagnosis).

在没有充分证据的情况下，医生拒绝下确切的诊断。

In the absence of sufficient evidence, the doctor refused to make a definitive diagnosis.

Complex conditional phrase '在...的情况下'.

这种新型传感器大大提高了早期诊断的准确率。

This new type of sensor has greatly improved the accuracy of early diagnosis.

Compound '早期诊断' (early diagnosis).

社会学家试图诊断导致这一社会现象的深层原因。

Sociologists are trying to diagnose the deep-seated causes of this social phenomenon.

Metaphorical social science usage.

该算法能够辅助医生进行更复杂的影像诊断。

The algorithm can assist doctors in performing more complex imaging diagnosis.

Technical '影像诊断' (imaging diagnosis).

诊断过程的透明度对于建立医患信任至关重要。

Transparency in the diagnostic process is crucial for building doctor-patient trust.

Abstract noun phrase '诊断过程的透明度'.

其诊断逻辑严密，令人信服。

Its diagnostic logic is rigorous and convincing.

Formal evaluation: '逻辑严密' (rigorous logic).

在临床路径中，诊断的及时性直接关乎患者的预后。

In clinical pathways, the timeliness of diagnosis is directly related to the patient's prognosis.

Medical jargon '临床路径' and '预后' (prognosis).

该哲学家将现代性的危机诊断为一种精神贫困。

The philosopher diagnosed the crisis of modernity as a form of spiritual poverty.

High-level philosophical metaphor.

利用基因测序技术，我们能够实现分子水平的精准诊断。

Using gene sequencing technology, we can achieve precision diagnosis at the molecular level.

Advanced science terminology.

诊断标准的每一次修订都引发了医学界的广泛辩论。

Every revision of diagnostic criteria has sparked widespread debate in the medical community.

Complex subject with '每一次修订'.

这种罕见病的诊断往往具有滞后性，需引起警惕。

The diagnosis of this rare disease is often lagging, which requires vigilance.

Formal term '滞后性' (lagging nature).

通过对历史数据的深度挖掘，他诊断出了潜在的金融风险。

Through deep mining of historical data, he diagnosed potential financial risks.

Data science metaphor.

该系统的自我诊断功能在极端环境下依然稳健。

The system's self-diagnostic function remains robust even in extreme environments.

Engineering terminology '稳健' (robust).

不仅要诊断病症，更要诊断导致病症的社会生态系统。

It is necessary not only to diagnose the symptoms but also the socio-ecological system that leads to them.

Parallel structure '不仅...更要...'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

初步诊断

确切诊断

诊断报告

自我诊断

故障诊断

临床诊断

诊断标准

误诊

远程诊断

影像诊断

عبارات رایج

下诊断

— To make or issue a diagnosis. Used when the doctor gives their final word.

医生还没下诊断。

进行诊断

— To perform a diagnosis. A more formal way of using the verb.

我们需要对系统进行诊断。

确诊病例

— Confirmed case. Extremely common in news regarding pandemics.

今天新增了三例确诊病例。

诊断书

— A written diagnosis or medical certificate.

他拿着诊断书去请假。

疑似诊断

— Suspected diagnosis. Used when the doctor has a hunch but no proof yet.

这只是一个疑似诊断。

鉴别诊断

— Differential diagnosis. Distinguishing between similar diseases.

鉴别诊断非常复杂。

诊断工具

— Diagnostic tools. Can be medical (stethoscopes) or technical (software).

我们需要更好的诊断工具。

得出诊断

— To reach a diagnosis. Emphasizes the effort involved.

经过三天观察，医生得出了诊断。

诊断准确率

— Diagnostic accuracy rate. Used in research and AI testing.

该算法的诊断准确率很高。

诊断室

— Diagnosis room. The place in a hospital where you meet the doctor.

请到二楼诊断室等候。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

诊断 vs 检查 (jiǎnchá)

Examine vs. Diagnose. You examine to diagnose.

诊断 vs 确诊 (quèzhěn)

Diagnose vs. Confirm diagnosis. Quèzhěn is 100% sure.

诊断 vs 判断 (pànduàn)

Judge vs. Diagnose. Pànduàn is general; zhěnduàn is professional.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"对症下药"

— To prescribe the right medicine for the disease. It implies that a correct 'diagnosis' must come first.

我们必须对症下药，才能解决公司的问题。

Common Idiom

"对症之药"

— The specific medicine for a specific symptom. Used metaphorically for solutions.

这个政策正是解决贫困的对症之药。

Literary

"望闻问切"

— The four diagnostic methods of TCM. Literally 'look, listen/smell, ask, feel pulse.'

中医通过望闻问切来诊断疾病。

Medical/Traditional

"切中要害"

— To hit the nail on the head. Like a diagnosis that finds the exact root cause.

他的分析切中要害。

Formal

"病入膏肓"

— The disease has reached the vitals; beyond cure. A diagnosis of terminal illness.

如果不改革，这家公司就会病入膏肓。

Literary

"对症发药"

— Similar to 对症下药; to act according to the situation.

处理这类问题需要对症发药。

Formal

"药到病除"

— The medicine works as soon as it is taken. Implies a perfect diagnosis.

这位医生的诊断非常准，真是药到病除。

Complimentary

"对症之谈"

— Talk that hits the mark; a correct diagnosis of a situation.

你的建议真是对症之谈。

Formal

"脉络清晰"

— Clear context/logic. Often used when a diagnosis makes sense.

这篇报告的诊断脉络清晰。

Academic

"不治之症"

— Incurable disease. A tragic diagnostic result.

虽然被诊断为不治之症，但他没有放弃。

Neutral

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

诊断 vs 鉴定

Both involve professional identification.

鉴定 is for authenticity/quality (antiques, DNA); 诊断 is for problems/illnesses.

古董鉴定 vs. 疾病诊断.

诊断 vs 分析

Both involve looking at data.

分析 is neutral; 诊断 implies looking for a fault/disease.

分析数据 vs. 诊断故障.

诊断 vs 研判

Both are formal words for evaluation.

研判 is usually for situations/trends; 诊断 is for specific conditions.

研判形势 vs. 诊断病情.

诊断 vs 治疗

Both are medical terms.

诊断 is finding the problem; 治疗 is fixing the problem.

先诊断，后治疗。

诊断 vs 考察

Both involve looking at something carefully.

考察 is usually for investigation or site visits; 诊断 is for identifying malfunctions.

实地考察 vs. 企业诊断.

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

医生诊断 + [Person] + [Illness]

医生诊断我感冒了。

[Person] + 被诊断为 + [Illness]

他被诊断为肺炎。

对 + [Object] + 进行诊断

对电脑进行诊断。

根据 + [Symptoms] + 下诊断

根据检查结果下诊断。

[Noun] + 诊断书

医生开了一张诊断书。

[Abstract Object] + 的深刻诊断

对社会问题的深刻诊断。

确切诊断 + [Verb Phrase]

确切诊断需要更多时间。

诊断的及时性 + [Impact]

诊断的及时性关乎生命。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

诊断书 (Medical Certificate)

诊断学 (Diagnostics)

诊断费 (Diagnosis fee)

فعل‌ها

确诊 (To confirm diagnosis)

误诊 (To misdiagnose)

诊治 (To diagnose and treat)

صفت‌ها

诊断性的 (Diagnostic)

可诊断的 (Diagnosable)

مرتبط

医生 (Doctor)

病人 (Patient)

医院 (Hospital)

病情 (Condition)

疗法 (Therapy)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

High in medical and professional technical domains; medium in general daily life.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 诊断 for 'checking' homework. → 使用 '检查' (jiǎnchá).
诊断 is only for problems, illnesses, or malfunctions. Homework isn't usually a 'pathology' to be diagnosed.
Saying '医生诊断我' without the illness. → 医生诊断出我的病。
In Chinese, 诊断 usually needs to be followed by the result or used with a resultative complement like '出'.
Confusing 诊断 with 治疗. → 诊断 (Identify) vs 治疗 (Treat).
Learners sometimes use them interchangeably, but they are different steps in the medical process.
Using 诊断 for positive discoveries. → 使用 '发现' (fāxiàn) or '分析' (fēnxī).
You don't 'diagnose' why someone is so healthy; you only 'diagnose' why they are sick.
Mixing up 确诊 and 诊断 in pandemic contexts. → 确诊 (Confirmed case) vs 诊断 (The act of diagnosing).
In news, '确诊' is the specific term for a positive test result.

نکات

Using '为' with 诊断

Always use '诊断为' when you want to say 'diagnosed as [illness]'. For example: '诊断为感冒'.

Remember the axe

The character '断' (duàn) contains the radical for 'axe.' Think of a doctor 'cutting through' uncertainty to give a diagnosis.

Hospital Signs

If you see '诊断室' in a Chinese hospital, that is where the consultations happen. Don't confuse it with '检查室' (testing room).

Business Metaphors

Use '企业诊断' in business meetings to sound professional when analyzing company problems.

Watch Medical Dramas

Chinese medical dramas are a great way to hear '诊断' and '确诊' used in many different emotional contexts.

Stroke Order

Pay attention to the left side of both characters. '诊' has the 'speech' radical (讠), and '断' has the 'axe' radical (斤).

Tone Accuracy

The jump from 3rd tone (zhěn) to 4th tone (duàn) requires a bit of practice to sound natural.

TCM Context

When someone mentions '望闻问切', they are talking about the traditional way of 诊断.

Software Errors

If your Chinese software shows a '诊断' button, it's offering to troubleshoot the problem.

Avoid Self-Diagnosis

In China, the phrase '不要自我诊断' is a common health warning against using the internet for medical advice.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of a 'Zen' (诊) doctor who makes a 'Done' (断) decision. After the Zen examination, the diagnosis is Done!

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a doctor looking through a magnifying glass (诊) and then using a stamp to mark a paper 'YES' (断).

شبکه واژگان

医生病情确诊误诊检查治疗处方康复

چالش

Try to use '诊断' in three different ways today: once for your health, once for a computer problem, and once for a social issue.

ریشه کلمه

The word is composed of two ancient characters. '诊' (zhěn) originally meant to examine a patient's pulse or symptoms. '断' (duàn) originally meant to cut or break, which evolved into 'to decide' or 'to judge' (as in cutting through uncertainty).

معنای اصلی: To examine and then make a definitive judgment on an illness.

Sino-Tibetan

بافت فرهنگی

When discussing a '诊断' with others, be mindful that it often implies serious news. Use it with empathy.

In English, 'diagnosis' is very formal. In Chinese, '诊断' is also formal, but its character components are more integrated into daily words like 'Clinic' (诊所).

The TV show 'House, M.D.' is often translated as '豪斯医生' but the plot always revolves around a difficult 诊断. The 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders' (DSM) is translated as '精神疾病诊断与统计手册'. Medical dramas in China like '心术' (Angel Heart) frequently feature the drama of a life-changing 诊断.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

In a hospital

挂号诊断
医生下诊断
诊断证明
等待诊断

Tech Support

系统诊断
运行诊断程序
硬件诊断
远程诊断

Business Consulting

企业诊断
财务诊断
管理诊断
市场诊断

Psychology

心理诊断
人格诊断
诊断标准
临床诊断

Auto Repair

汽车诊断
发动机诊断
诊断仪
故障诊断码

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"医生对你的感冒是怎么诊断的？ (How did the doctor diagnose your cold?)"

"你觉得现在的AI诊断准确吗？ (Do you think current AI diagnosis is accurate?)"

"如果你被误诊了，你会怎么办？ (What would you do if you were misdiagnosed?)"

"我们的公司需要一次全面的管理诊断吗？ (Does our company need a comprehensive management diagnosis?)"

"你有没有试过在网上自我诊断？ (Have you ever tried self-diagnosing online?)"

موضوعات نگارش

描述一次你去医院看病的经历，医生是如何诊断你的。 (Describe an experience going to the hospital; how did the doctor diagnose you?)

谈谈你对未来人工智能诊断疾病的看法。 (Talk about your views on future AI diagnosing diseases.)

如果社会是一个病人，你会如何诊断它目前的‘病症’？ (If society were a patient, how would you diagnose its current 'symptoms'?)

写一写为什么准确的诊断在医学中如此重要。 (Write about why accurate diagnosis is so important in medicine.)

记录一次你诊断并修复某个技术问题（如电脑或家电）的过程。 (Record a process where you diagnosed and fixed a technical problem.)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Not usually. 诊断 is a formal medical or technical term. For a broken heart, you would use more emotional or literary language unless you are speaking from a psychological perspective, like diagnosing depression.

It is both! You can say 'I am diagnosing' (verb) or 'This is my diagnosis' (noun). In Chinese, the form doesn't change, but its position in the sentence does.

诊断 is the general process or opinion. 确诊 means the diagnosis is officially confirmed, often by a laboratory test or definitive proof. During the pandemic, '确诊' was the word used for positive tests.

No. 诊断 is used for problems, illnesses, or failures. If you want to talk about success, use '分析' (analyze) or '总结' (summarize).

The word is '误诊' (wùzhěn). The 'wù' means 'error' or 'mistake.' It is a very common term in medical disputes.

Yes, absolutely. TCM uses the same word for its diagnostic process, which includes the four methods: 望 (looking), 闻 (listening), 问 (asking), and 切 (feeling pulse).

Yes, modern cars and computers have '自我诊断' (self-diagnosis) functions. This is a very common technical term.

It is a formal medical certificate or diagnosis report issued by a doctor. You often need one to take sick leave from work or school in China.

It's a CEFR A2/B1 word. The concept is simple, but the characters are a bit hard to write. Most learners recognize it before they can write it.

Yes, it is common in academic or formal contexts to 'diagnose' the ills of society, such as '诊断社会弊端' (diagnosing social drawbacks).

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