A calamity is a severe, destructive event that causes significant loss or widespread distress.
واژه در 30 ثانیه
- A sudden event causing great damage or suffering.
- Used for both natural disasters and personal failures.
- Implies a high level of severity and negative impact.
常见语境：在新闻报道中，“灾难”常用于描述地震、海啸或严重的经济危机。在日常生活中，人们也会用“灾难”来夸张地形容非常糟糕的情况，例如“这场考试简直是一场灾难”。
- 1近义词辨析：与“不幸”相比，“灾难”的程度更重，范围更广，通常涉及大范围的人群或巨大的损失；而“不幸”侧重于个人的遭遇。与“事故”相比，“灾难”强调后果的严重性和毁灭性，而“事故”往往指具体的突发事件，后果不一定非常严重。
مثالها
那场大火给森林带来了毁灭性的灾难。
everydayThe fire brought a devastating calamity to the forest.
政府正在积极采取措施，以防止灾难的发生。
formalThe government is taking active measures to prevent the occurrence of a disaster.
如果这次面试搞砸了，那对我来说简直是灾难。
informalIf I mess up this interview, it will be a disaster for me.
历史学家研究了古代文明在灾难后的重建过程。
academicHistorians studied the reconstruction process of ancient civilizations after disasters.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
灾难片
disaster movie
人为灾难
man-made disaster
灾难现场
disaster scene
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
An accident (事故) is usually a specific, often minor or isolated, incident. A calamity (灾难) implies much larger scale and deeper impact.
Misfortune (不幸) is a broader term for bad luck or sad events. It can be personal or minor, whereas calamity is reserved for major destructive events.
الگوهای دستوری
How to Use It
نکات کاربردی
The word '灾难' is generally used in formal or serious contexts to denote significant destruction. It can be used metaphorically in informal speech to describe something that has gone very wrong. It is a noun and should not be used as an adjective.
اشتباهات رایج
Learners often use it to describe small personal mistakes, which can sound overly dramatic. Another mistake is using it as an adjective (e.g., '灾难的事件'), as it is strictly a noun. Ensure you use appropriate measure words or verbs when incorporating it into sentences.
Tips
Use for extreme situations
Reserve this word for events that cause significant damage or intense suffering. Using it for minor inconveniences can sound overly dramatic.
Do not confuse with minor accidents
A small car scratch is an accident (事故), not a calamity (灾难). Ensure the scale of the event matches the weight of the word.
Natural disaster awareness
In Chinese culture, large-scale disasters often trigger a collective sense of duty, leading to the phrase '一方有难，八方支援' (when one area faces a disaster, all others provide support).
ریشه کلمه
The word combines '灾' (calamity/disaster) and '难' (difficulty/suffering). Historically, both characters have roots in describing extreme hardships or heaven-sent punishments, evolving into the modern term for major destructive events.
بافت فرهنگی
In Chinese history, major disasters were often interpreted as omens related to the 'Mandate of Heaven'. Today, it is a key term in emergency management and social discourse regarding public safety.
راهنمای حفظ
Think of the characters: '灾' (roof covering a fire) + '难' (difficult). A roof on fire is definitely a disaster!
سوالات متداول
4 سوال“灾害”更侧重于自然现象或具体事件对社会造成的实际损害，常用于科学或政府报告。而“灾难”的感情色彩更浓，强调事件带来的痛苦和毁灭性后果。
可以。在非正式语境下，人们常用“灾难”来形容极其糟糕的经历，例如“这次约会简直是一场灾难”。
它本身是中性偏负面的名词，用于描述客观发生的严重事件，不带有主观攻击性，但描述的内容本身是消极的。
“灾难”的反义词通常是“幸运”、“福气”或“福祉”，但在正式语境下，很少直接用反义词对应，更多用“平安”等词来表达相反的状态。
خودت رو بسنج
这次地震是一场巨大的___，造成了严重的人员伤亡。
地震属于大规模的破坏性事件，用“灾难”最准确。
面对突如其来的___，人们展现出了坚强的意志。
只有“自然灾难”符合语境中面对困难的描述。
我们 / 避免 / 努力 / 这场 / 灾难
标准的中文主谓宾结构。
امتیاز: /3
Summary
A calamity is a severe, destructive event that causes significant loss or widespread distress.
- A sudden event causing great damage or suffering.
- Used for both natural disasters and personal failures.
- Implies a high level of severity and negative impact.
Use for extreme situations
Reserve this word for events that cause significant damage or intense suffering. Using it for minor inconveniences can sound overly dramatic.
Do not confuse with minor accidents
A small car scratch is an accident (事故), not a calamity (灾难). Ensure the scale of the event matches the weight of the word.
Natural disaster awareness
In Chinese culture, large-scale disasters often trigger a collective sense of duty, leading to the phrase '一方有难，八方支援' (when one area faces a disaster, all others provide support).
مثالها
4 از 4那场大火给森林带来了毁灭性的灾难。
The fire brought a devastating calamity to the forest.
政府正在积极采取措施，以防止灾难的发生。
The government is taking active measures to prevent the occurrence of a disaster.
如果这次面试搞砸了，那对我来说简直是灾难。
If I mess up this interview, it will be a disaster for me.
历史学家研究了古代文明在灾难后的重建过程。
Historians studied the reconstruction process of ancient civilizations after disasters.
