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B2 noun #3,000 よく出る 12分で読める

إخطار

ikhthar 上位3,000

練習する例文メモとヒント إخطار 30秒で

解説 إخطار in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the complex legal uses of إخطار. Think of it simply as a 'message' or a 'notification' on your phone. If you see this word on a screen, it means the computer is trying to tell you something. It is like the word 'message' but a bit more official.

For example, if you are using an app in Arabic, you might see a button for 'Notifications.' That is ikhṭārāt. At this stage, just remember that it's a noun and it usually means someone is giving you information. You can use it in simple sentences like 'I have a notification' (عندي إخطار - ‘indi ikhṭār).

Don't worry about the grammar too much yet. Just recognize the shape of the word. It starts with an 'i' sound and has a 'kh' sound in the middle. It is a very common word in the digital world, so you will see it often if you change your phone settings to Arabic!

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At the A2 level, you can start to use إخطار in basic sentences related to daily life, like school or work. You should know that it is a formal way to say 'notice.' If your teacher gives you a paper saying there is no class tomorrow, that could be called an ikhṭār.

You should also learn the plural form: إخطارات (ikhṭārāt). You can say 'I received many notifications' (استلمت إخطارات كثيرة). At this level, you are beginning to distinguish between a casual 'khabar' (news) and a more formal 'ikhṭār' (notice). Use ikhṭār when the information is important and comes from an office or an app.

Try to remember the phrase 'ikhṭār min' (notice from). 'I got a notice from the bank' (وصلني إخطار من البنك). This is a very useful sentence pattern for everyday administrative tasks in an Arabic-speaking country.

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At the B1 level, you should understand the connection between إخطار and the verb akhṭara (to notify). You are now moving beyond just 'phone notifications' and into 'formal communications.' You should be able to read a short email or a letter that uses this word in a professional context.

You should also start using the preposition بـ (bi-) correctly. Instead of just saying 'notice from,' you can say 'notice of.' For example, 'notification of the result' (إخطار بالنتيجة). This shows you understand how the word functions grammatically in more complex phrases.

At B1, you can also use it to describe processes. 'The company must send a notice' (يجب على الشركة إرسال إخطار). You are becoming comfortable with the idea that ikhṭār is part of a procedure or a set of rules. It is no longer just a word; it is a tool for formal interaction.

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As a B2 learner, you should have a firm grasp of إخطار as a technical term in legal and administrative Arabic. You should understand that it implies a formal obligation or a record of communication. You should be able to use it in discussions about contracts, tenant rights, and employment law.

You should also be aware of common collocations like إخطار مسبق (prior notice) and إخطار رسمي (formal notice). These phrases are essential for professional writing. You should also be able to distinguish ikhṭār from its synonyms like inzhār (warning) and ish‘ār (notice/perception) based on the context's level of gravity.

Your use of the word should be precise. You know that receiving an ikhṭār from a court is a serious matter that starts a legal clock. You can explain the importance of 'ikhṭār' in protecting people's rights in a system. This level of nuance is what defines the B2 speaker.

At the C1 level, you are expected to use إخطار with complete native-like accuracy in complex legal and academic texts. You should understand the nuances of 'constructive notice' and 'actual notice' in a legal sense, and how ikhṭār fits into those concepts in Arabic jurisprudence. You can use the word to analyze the validity of a legal procedure.

You should also be familiar with the root Kh-T-R and how it branches into other words like khuṭūra (gravity/importance) and mukhāṭara (risk-taking). This allows you to appreciate the 'weight' the word ikhṭār carries. It is not just an 'information' word; it is a 'gravity' word.

In your writing, you can use ikhṭār in the passive voice (tamma ikhṭāruhu) or as a subject in complex clauses. You can also use it metaphorically in literature to describe a 'notice' from fate or nature, though this is less common than its administrative use. You are a master of the word's register.

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At the C2 level, you possess an exhaustive understanding of إخطار, including its historical development in the Arabic language. You can compare its usage in different Arabic dialects and legal systems (e.g., the difference between Egyptian and Gulf legal terminology). You understand the subtle rhetorical effects of choosing ikhṭār over balāgh or i‘lām.

You can draft complex legal documents, such as a 'Notice of Default' or a 'Notice of Intent to Sue,' using the word ikhṭār and its related legal formulas with perfect precision. You understand the evidentiary value of an ikhṭār in a court of law and can argue for or against the sufficiency of a notification based on the language used.

Furthermore, you can appreciate the word in classical texts where the root Kh-T-R might have different connotations, and you can bridge the gap between that classical meaning and the modern administrative noun. Your mastery is such that you can use the word with authority in any professional, legal, or academic setting.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

إخطار 30秒で

Ikhṭār is a formal Arabic noun meaning 'notice' or 'notification,' often used in legal, administrative, and digital contexts to convey important information.
Derived from the root Kh-T-R, it carries a sense of importance and official weight, distinguishing it from casual messages or general news.
In modern usage, it is the standard term for smartphone notifications and official bank or government alerts that require acknowledgement or action.
Grammatically, it is a verbal noun of Form IV and is frequently followed by the preposition 'bi' to specify the subject of the notice.

The word إخطار (Ikhṭār) is a sophisticated Arabic noun derived from the Form IV verb أخطر (akhṭara), which means 'to notify' or 'to inform.' While its root خ-ط-ر is famously associated with the word khaṭar (danger), the term ikhṭār has evolved into a specific administrative and legal term. It refers to a formal communication intended to bring a particular fact, event, or warning to someone's attention. Unlike a simple 'message' or 'news,' an ikhṭār carries a weight of officiality and often serves as a prerequisite for further legal or procedural actions.

Legal and Administrative Context: In the realm of law, an ikhṭār is a notification that ensures a party is aware of their rights or obligations. For instance, a landlord must provide an ikhṭār before terminating a lease. This document proves that the recipient was informed, which is crucial if the case goes to court. It is not merely a piece of information; it is a 'notice' that has legal consequences.
Digital and Modern Usage: In modern technology, ikhṭār is frequently used to translate 'notification' on smartphones and websites. When your phone pings with a new email or a social media alert, that is technically an ikhṭār. However, in software localization, you might also see the word tanbīh (alert) or ish‘ār (notice), but ikhṭār remains the standard for formal alerts that require attention or acknowledgment.

تلقيت إخطاراً رسمياً من المحكمة بشأن القضية المرفوعة ضد الشركة.
— I received a formal notice from the court regarding the lawsuit filed against the company.

The nuance of ikhṭār lies in its seriousness. If you 'inform' a friend about a party, you use ikhbar. But if a bank 'notifies' you that your account is overdrawn, they use ikhṭār. The root meaning of 'risk' or 'importance' (khaṭar) still echoes in the word; receiving an ikhṭār implies that the matter is important enough to be documented formally. It is a tool for transparency and accountability in both public and private sectors.

يجب إرسال إخطار مسبق قبل ثلاثين يوماً من إخلاء العقار.
— A prior notice must be sent thirty days before vacating the property.

Formal Correspondence: In business letters, ikhṭār is used to denote the subject line when the purpose is to formally convey information. It sets a professional tone that demands a response or at least formal acknowledgment of receipt. It is the language of contracts, insurance policies, and employment agreements.

Furthermore, the concept of ikhṭār is deeply embedded in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) and modern civil law in Arab countries. It represents the principle of 'due process.' One cannot be penalized for a violation unless they have received a proper ikhṭār. This makes the word a cornerstone of justice and administrative fairness in the Arabic-speaking world. Whether it is a tax notice, a military draft notice, or a simple notification of a policy change, ikhṭār is the vessel through which authority communicates essential facts to the individual.

Using إخطار correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its common collocations. Since it is a verbal noun (masdar) of Form IV, it often functions in an Idafa construction (possessive phrase) or is followed by a prepositional phrase starting with بـ (bi-) to indicate the content of the notification.

تم تسليم إخطار الفصل للموظف بسبب تغيبه المستمر.
— The termination notice was delivered to the employee due to his continuous absence.

Common Prepositions: The most common preposition used with ikhṭār is بـ (bi-). For example: إخطار بالتغييرات (notification of changes). You might also see بشأن (bi-sha'n) which means 'regarding' or 'concerning.' Using these prepositions correctly is the difference between sounding like a beginner and a fluent B2 speaker.

In a sentence, ikhṭār can act as the subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase. Because it is a formal word, it is rarely used in casual spoken dialects (Ammiya), where words like khabar or risāla are preferred. If you use ikhṭār in a conversation at a café, you might sound like you are reading a law book! Reserve it for emails, formal discussions, or when reading the news.

وصلني إخطار من البنك يفيد بتغيير أسعار الفائدة.
— I received a notice from the bank stating a change in interest rates.

When constructing sentences about digital notifications, you will often use the plural form إخطارات (ikhṭārāt). For example: أوقفتُ الإخطارات في هاتفي (I turned off notifications on my phone). This is perhaps the most frequent way you will encounter the word in a non-legal setting today. It covers everything from 'push notifications' to 'system alerts.'

هل قرأت الإخطار الذي ظهر على الشاشة؟
— Did you read the notice that appeared on the screen?

Active vs. Passive Contexts: Often, ikhṭār is paired with the verb arsala (to send) or tasallama (to receive/take delivery of). In legal documents, you might see tamma ikhṭāruhu (he was notified), where the noun acts as part of a passive-style construction to emphasize the action of notification over the person doing it.

Finally, consider the phrase بدون إخطار مسبق (without prior notice). This is a very common expression in contracts and terms of service. It implies that a certain action (like closing an account or changing a price) can happen suddenly. Mastering this phrase will significantly improve your ability to navigate formal Arabic documents and understand your rights in an Arabic-speaking environment.

To hear the word إخطار, you need to step out of the casual street conversation and into the professional or digital world. It is a word of the 'public sphere'—the places where institutions interact with individuals. If you are watching an Arabic news broadcast, particularly in segments covering law, economics, or government policy, you will hear it frequently.

The Legal System: If you visit a courthouse or a lawyer's office in Cairo, Amman, or Riyadh, ikhṭār is everywhere. Lawyers talk about 'serving notice' (tablīgh al-ikhṭār). You might hear a judge ask if the defendant received the ikhṭār. In this setting, the word is synonymous with the formal start of a legal procedure.
The Banking Sector: Banks are heavy users of this word. When you open a bank account in an Arabic-speaking country, the terms and conditions will mention ikhṭārāt regarding your balance, interest rates, or changes to the terms of service. If you go to a bank to dispute a transaction, the clerk might tell you that you will receive an ikhṭār once the investigation is complete.

سترسل مصلحة الضرائب إخطارات للمتأخرين عن السداد.
— The tax authority will send notices to those who are late in payment.

In the workplace, ikhṭār is the language of Human Resources. If a company is restructuring, employees receive an ikhṭār about their new roles. If someone is being disciplined, an 'official notice' (ikhṭār rasmī) is placed in their file. It is the word that signals 'this is now on the record.'

تلقى المستأجر إخطاراً بالإخلاء من صاحب البيت.
— The tenant received an eviction notice from the landlord.

Digital interfaces are the most modern place to 'hear' (or see) this word. If you set your Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram language to Arabic, the 'Notifications' tab is labeled الإشعارات (al-ish‘ārāt) or الإخطارات (al-ikhṭārāt). While ish‘ār is slightly more common for 'pings,' ikhṭār is used for more critical system alerts, such as a security breach or a login from a new device.

News and Media: Journalists use ikhṭār when reporting on international relations. For example, 'The government sent an ikhṭār to the UN regarding the border dispute.' Here, it represents a formal diplomatic move. In this context, it conveys a sense of protocol and official standing.

Lastly, in the academic world, students might receive an ikhṭār regarding their grades, registration status, or graduation requirements. It is the formal 'voice' of the university administration. Whenever information needs to be conveyed from a position of authority to a subordinate or a client in a way that is binding and documented, ikhṭār is the word of choice.

For English speakers learning Arabic, the word إخطار presents several pitfalls, mostly relating to its root and its similarity to other words that mean 'information' or 'danger.'

Confusion with 'Khaṭar' (Danger): Because ikhṭār shares the root Kh-T-R with khaṭar (danger), some students mistakenly think ikhṭār means a 'warning of danger' specifically. While a notice can be a warning, ikhṭār is much broader. It can be a notice of a bank transfer or a notice of a meeting. Do not assume every ikhṭār is bad news!
Using the Wrong Preposition: English speakers often want to say 'notice of' using the word min (from) or li (for). However, the standard Arabic preposition is بـ (bi-). Saying ikhṭār al-qarār (notice the decision) is grammatically incomplete; it should be ikhṭār bi-al-qarār (notification of the decision).

خطأ: استلمت إخطار عن الرحلة.
صواب: استلمت إخطاراً بـموعد الرحلة.
— Error: I received a notice about the flight (wrong prep). Correct: I received a notice of the flight time.

Another common mistake is confusing ikhṭār with akhṭar. While they look similar, akhṭar is the elative form meaning 'more dangerous.' This is a classic 'false friend' within the same language. Forgetting the initial 'alif' or misplacing the 't' can change 'notice' into 'more dangerous' in a heartbeat.

لا تخلط بين إخطار (noun) و أخطر (verb/adj).
— Do not confuse 'ikhṭār' (notice) and 'akhṭara' (notified) or 'akhṭar' (more dangerous).

Formality Overuse: Beginners often learn a word and use it everywhere. If you tell your roommate 'I sent you an ikhṭār that I finished the milk,' it sounds incredibly stiff and robotic. Use khabartak (I told you) or ba'attlak risāla (I sent you a message) for everyday life. Use ikhṭār when you want to sound like a lawyer or a CEO.

Finally, watch out for the pluralization. The plural is a regular sound feminine plural ikhṭārāt. Some learners try to apply a broken plural pattern like akhāṭir (which isn't a word) or confuse it with makhāṭir (dangers). Stick to the simple -āt ending for multiple notices.

In summary: 1. Use bi- for the object. 2. Don't confuse it with 'danger.' 3. Keep it formal. 4. Distinguish it from the adjective 'more dangerous.' Avoiding these common errors will make your Arabic sound much more precise and professional.

Arabic is a language of precision, and while إخطار is excellent for formal notices, there are several synonyms that carry different shades of meaning. Understanding these differences is key to reaching a B2 or C1 level of proficiency.

إخطار vs. إشعار (Ish‘ār): Ish‘ār comes from the root 'to feel' or 'to perceive.' It is very close to ikhṭār and often used interchangeably in digital contexts (notifications). However, ikhṭār is slightly more formal and implies a more 'grave' or 'official' subject. Ish‘ār is commonly used for receipts and small updates.
إخطار vs. إنذار (Inzhār): Inzhār is a 'warning.' While an ikhṭār can be neutral (just giving information), an inzhār always implies a threat of consequence if action is not taken. A 'final warning' before being fired is an inzhār. An ikhṭār is simply the act of notifying.
إخطار vs. بلاغ (Balāgh): Balāgh usually refers to a report or a communiqué. It is often used in police contexts (filing a report) or high-level government announcements. An ikhṭār is usually directed from one party to another, whereas a balāgh can be a general public announcement.

وصلني إشعار بوصول الرسالة، ولكن إخطار البنك كان أكثر أهمية.
— I received a notification (ish‘ār) that the message arrived, but the bank's notice (ikhṭār) was more important.

Another word to consider is تنبيه (tanbīh), which means 'alert' or 'caution.' This is used for quick reminders or to draw attention to something immediately. If you are coding an app, a pop-up that says 'Are you sure?' is a tanbīh. The formal email sent afterward confirming your action is an ikhṭār.

الفرق بين الإخطار و الإعلان: الأول شخصي والثاني عام.
— The difference between 'ikhṭār' and 'i‘lān' (advertisement/announcement): the first is personal/targeted, and the second is public.

Lastly, in very high-level legal Arabic, you might encounter إيعاز (ī‘āz), which means an 'instruction' or 'directive.' While an ikhṭār informs you of a fact, an ī‘āz tells you what to do. Choosing the right word among these synonyms will demonstrate a deep understanding of Arabic register and social context.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word for 'danger' (khaṭar) and 'notice' (ikhṭār) come from the same root because a notice was originally a way to warn someone of a 'grave' or 'important' matter that they could not ignore.

発音ガイド

UK /ɪxˈtɑːr/

US /ɪkˈtɑːr/

The stress is on the second syllable: ikh-TĀR.

韻が合う語

Amṭār (Rain) Anwār (Lights) Asfār (Travels) Akhbār (News) Abrār (Righteous) Aḥrār (Free people) Asrār (Secrets) Aṭwār (Stages)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'kh' (خ) as a simple 'k'. It must be raspy.
Making the 'i' at the beginning too long like 'ee'.
Forgetting the long 'a' in the second syllable.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'akhṭar' (more dangerous).
Swapping the 'kh' and 't' sounds.

難易度

読解 4/5

Easy to recognize in texts but requires understanding of formal context.

ライティング 6/5

Requires correct use of prepositions like 'bi' and proper spelling of the 'kh' and 't'.

スピーキング 5/5

The 'kh' sound and the formal register make it slightly tricky for casual speech.

リスニング 4/5

Very clear and distinct in news and formal announcements.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

خطر (Danger) خبر (News) رسالة (Letter) أرسل (To send) وصل (To arrive)

次に学ぶ

إشعار (Notification) إنذار (Warning) تبليغ (Serving/Notifying) قانون (Law) عقد (Contract)

上級

إيعاز (Directive) بلاغ (Report) إفادة (Statement) منشور (Circular) مرسوم (Decree)

知っておくべき文法

Masdar of Form IV

أخطر (Verb) -> إخطار (Noun)

Preposition 'Bi' with Masdars

إخطار بالنتيجة (Notification of the result)

Idafa Construction

إخطارُ الشركةِ (The company's notice)

Passive with 'Tamma'

تم إخطارُ الموظفِ (The employee was notified)

Adjective Agreement

إخطارٌ رسميٌ (A formal notice - both masculine)

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レベル別の例文

عندي إخطار جديد.

I have a new notification.

Simple sentence with a noun and an adjective.

هل رأيت الإخطار؟

Did you see the notification?

Question using the past tense verb 'ra'ayta' (you saw).

وصلني إخطار الآن.

I received a notification now.

Verb 'wasala' (to arrive) with the object suffix '-ni' (me).

هذا إخطار مهم.

This is an important notice.

Demonstrative pronoun 'hadha' (this) followed by a noun and adjective.

افتح الإخطار من فضلك.

Open the notification, please.

Imperative verb 'iftaḥ' (open).

لا يوجد أي إخطار.

There is no notification.

Negative existential phrase 'la yujad' (there is not).

اقرأ الإخطار بسرعة.

Read the notice quickly.

Imperative verb 'iqra'' (read) with an adverb 'bisur'a'.

الإخطار في الهاتف.

The notification is in the phone.

Simple nominal sentence with a prepositional phrase.

وصلني إخطار من المدرسة اليوم.

I received a notice from the school today.

Uses 'min' to indicate the source of the notice.

البنك أرسل لي إخطاراً بالبريد.

The bank sent me a notice by mail.

Accusative case 'ikhṭāran' as the object of 'arsala'.

يوجد إخطار على باب الشقة.

There is a notice on the apartment door.

Prepositional phrase 'ala bab' (on the door).

يجب أن تقرأ كل الإخطارات.

You must read all the notifications.

Plural form 'ikhṭārāt'.

هل استلمت إخطار النجاح؟

Did you receive the success notice?

Idafa construction: 'ikhṭār al-najaḥ'.

أرسل المدير إخطاراً للموظفين.

The manager sent a notice to the employees.

Dative construction 'li-al-muwazzafīn' (to the employees).

هذا إخطار بانتهاء الاشتراك.

This is a notice of the subscription's end.

Use of 'bi-' to show the subject of the notice.

لا تتجاهل هذا الإخطار.

Do not ignore this notice.

Negative imperative 'la tutajahil'.

تلقيت إخطاراً رسمياً بضرورة دفع الضرائب.

I received a formal notice of the need to pay taxes.

Adjective 'rasmiyan' (formal) and preposition 'bi-'.

تم إرسال إخطار مسبق قبل تغيير الموعد.

A prior notice was sent before changing the appointment.

Passive construction 'tamma irsal' (was sent).

الإخطار يتضمن معلومات عن شروط العقد.

The notice includes information about the contract terms.

Verb 'yutadamman' (includes/contains).

عليك التوقيع على استلام الإخطار.

You must sign for the receipt of the notice.

Verbal noun 'istilam' (receiving/receipt).

هل وصلك إخطار بخصوص تحديث النظام؟

Did you receive a notice regarding the system update?

Phrase 'bi-khusus' (regarding).

قامت الشركة بإرسال إخطارات لجميع العملاء.

The company sent notices to all customers.

Verb phrase 'qamat bi-irsal' (performed the sending).

الإخطار يوضح الأسباب وراء هذا القرار.

The notice clarifies the reasons behind this decision.

Verb 'yuwadiḥ' (clarifies/explains).

لم يصلني أي إخطار كتابي حتى الآن.

I haven't received any written notice so far.

Negative past 'lam yaṣilni' and adjective 'kitabī' (written).

يعتبر الإخطار باطلاً إذا لم يوقع عليه المرسل.

The notice is considered void if the sender does not sign it.

Passive verb 'yu'tabar' (is considered) and adjective 'baṭilan' (void).

يجب توجيه إخطار قانوني للمستأجر قبل الإخلاء.

A legal notice must be directed to the tenant before eviction.

Verbal noun 'tawjīh' (directing/serving).

تنص المادة على ضرورة الإخطار قبل ثلاثين يوماً.

The article states the necessity of notification thirty days in advance.

Verb 'tanuṣ' (states/stipulates).

تلقى صاحب العمل إخطاراً بالاستقالة من الموظف.

The employer received a resignation notice from the employee.

Idafa: 'ikhṭār bi-al-istiqāla'.

هل تم إخطار الجهات المختصة بالحادث؟

Have the competent authorities been notified of the accident?

Passive verbal noun construction 'tamma ikhṭār'.

الإخطار القضائي هو وسيلة رسمية لإبلاغ الخصوم.

Judicial notice is a formal means of informing opponents.

Adjective 'qada'ī' (judicial).

لا يمكن فسخ العقد دون إخطار الطرف الآخر.

The contract cannot be terminated without notifying the other party.

Negative potential 'la yumkin' and 'duna' (without).

وصلني إخطار بزيادة الرسوم الدراسية.

I received a notice of an increase in tuition fees.

Idafa: 'ziyadat al-rusum'.

يتوجب على المدعي إثبات واقعة تسلم الإخطار.

The plaintiff must prove the fact of receiving the notice.

Verb 'yatawajjab' (is mandatory) and 'ithbat' (proving).

أدى غياب الإخطار الرسمي إلى بطلان الإجراءات.

The absence of formal notice led to the invalidity of the proceedings.

Causal construction 'adda ila' (led to).

تم توثيق الإخطار لدى كاتب العدل لضمان قانونيته.

The notice was notarized to ensure its legality.

Phrase 'ladā kātib al-adl' (at the notary public).

يعتبر السكوت بعد تلقي الإخطار بمثابة قبول ضمني.

Silence after receiving the notice is considered implicit acceptance.

Phrase 'bi-mathābat' (equivalent to/as).

أرسلت الوزارة إخطاراً شديد اللهجة للدولة الجارة.

The ministry sent a strongly worded notice to the neighboring country.

Phrase 'shadīd al-lahja' (strongly worded).

يجب أن يشتمل الإخطار على كافة البيانات الجوهرية.

The notice must include all essential data.

Adjective 'jawhariyya' (essential/fundamental).

لا يترتب على الإخطار أي أثر قانوني في هذه الحالة.

No legal effect results from the notice in this case.

Verb 'yatarattab ala' (results from/entails).

تم تجاهل الإخطار مما تسبب في غرامات تأخير.

The notice was ignored, which caused late fines.

Conjunction 'mimma' (which/from which).

إن فلسفة الإخطار تقوم على مبدأ الشفافية الإدارية.

The philosophy of notification is based on the principle of administrative transparency.

Complex nominal sentence starting with 'Inna'.

تتفاوت طرق الإخطار بتفاوت النظم القانونية المعاصرة.

Methods of notification vary with the variation of contemporary legal systems.

Verb 'tatafawat' (varies/differs).

لا بد من توافر القصد الجنائي في تعمد إخفاء الإخطار.

Criminal intent must be present in the deliberate concealment of the notice.

Phrase 'la budda min' (it is necessary).

يعد الإخطار الإلكتروني ركيزة أساسية في التحول الرقمي.

Electronic notification is a fundamental pillar in digital transformation.

Noun 'rukīza' (pillar/foundation).

تكمن إشكالية الإخطار في إثبات وصوله إلى علم المخاطب.

The problem of notification lies in proving it reached the addressee's knowledge.

Verb 'takmun' (lies/is hidden).

استنفد المدعى عليه كافة سبل الطعن في صحة الإخطار.

The defendant exhausted all means of contesting the validity of the notice.

Verb 'istanfada' (exhausted).

يشكل الإخطار التعسفي انتهاكاً صارخاً لحقوق الملكية.

Arbitrary notification constitutes a flagrant violation of property rights.

Adjective 'ta'assufī' (arbitrary).

يتحلل الطرفان من الالتزام في حال تعذر الإخطار لظروف قاهرة.

Both parties are released from the obligation if notification is impossible due to force majeure.

Phrase 'zurūf qāhira' (force majeure/extraordinary circumstances).

類義語

تنبيه بلاغ إشعار إعلان تبليغ

反対語

إغفال تجاهل

よく使う組み合わせ

إخطار رسمي

إخطار مسبق

إخطار قضائي

بدون إخطار

إخطار كتابي

إخطار بالاستلام

إخطار بالدفع

مدة الإخطار

إخطار نهائي

إخطارات الهاتف

よく使うフレーズ

بموجب هذا الإخطار

— By means of this notice. Used in legal documents to introduce an action.

بموجب هذا الإخطار، ننهي عقد الإيجار.

إخطار واجب النفاذ

— An enforceable notice. A notice that must be followed according to law.

هذا إخطار واجب النفاذ من البلدية.

تاريخ الإخطار

— The date of the notice. Crucial for determining legal deadlines.

يُحسب الوقت من تاريخ الإخطار.

إخطار بالرفض

— Notice of rejection. Used when an application or request is turned down.

تلقيت إخطاراً بالرفض لطلبي.

إخطار بالقبول

— Notice of acceptance. Used for jobs, universities, or contracts.

وصلني إخطار بالقبول في الجامعة.

إخطار بالفصل

— Notice of dismissal. A formal termination of employment.

سلمته الإدارة إخطاراً بالفصل.

إخطار بالتعديل

— Notice of amendment. Used when terms or schedules change.

أرسلنا إخطاراً بالتعديل على الموعد.

إخطار بالإخلاء

— Eviction notice. A formal demand to leave a property.

تجاهل المستأجر إخطار الإخلاء.

إخطار بالبريد المسجل

— Notice by registered mail. Ensures proof of delivery.

يجب إرسال الإخطار بالبريد المسجل.

إخطار بالحضور

— Notice to appear. A summons to a meeting or court.

وصلني إخطار بالحضور أمام اللجنة.

よく混同される語

إخطار vs أخطر

This can be the verb 'notified' (Form IV) or the adjective 'more dangerous'. Context determines the meaning.

إخطار vs خطر

Means 'danger'. Do not confuse the noun ikhṭār (notice) with the noun khaṭar (danger).

إخطار vs إشعار

Very similar, but ish‘ār is more common for general/digital alerts, while ikhṭār is more for formal/legal notices.

慣用句と表現

"ضرب به عرض الحائط"

— To completely ignore or disregard something (like a notice). This is a common idiom used when someone ignores official rules.

ضرب بالإخطار عرض الحائط ولم يدفع.

Literary/Journalistic

"وضع النقاط على الحروف"

— To clarify matters or be very precise. A formal notice often serves this purpose.

جاء الإخطار ليضع النقاط على الحروف.

Neutral

"بين عشية وضحاها"

— Overnight/Suddenly. Often used to describe changes that happen 'without prior notice'.

تغيرت القوانين بين عشية وضحاها وبدون إخطار.

Neutral

"في مهب الريح"

— In the wind / Uncertain. Used when a notice makes someone's future uncertain.

بعد الإخطار، أصبح مستقبله في مهب الريح.

Literary

"دق ناقوس الخطر"

— To sound the alarm. An ikhṭār about a serious matter can be described this way.

كان الإخطار بمثابة دق ناقوس الخطر للشركة.

Journalistic

"قطع الشك باليقين"

— To replace doubt with certainty. A formal notice provides definitive proof.

جاء الإخطار ليقطع الشك باليقين بشأن استقالته.

Literary

"على قدم وساق"

— In full swing. Work often continues this way after a notice of a deadline.

العمل جارٍ على قدم وساق بعد إخطار الموعد النهائي.

Neutral

"لا حياة لمن تنادي"

— No life in the one you call (calling to the dead). Used when notices are repeatedly ignored.

نرسل الإخطارات ولكن لا حياة لمن تنادي.

Informal/Poetic

"حبر على ورق"

— Ink on paper. Used to describe a notice or law that is not actually enforced.

بقي الإخطار مجرد حبر على ورق.

Neutral

"بلغ السيل الزبى"

— The flood reached the high ground (I've had enough). A final notice often comes when this point is reached.

بعد تجاهل الإخطارات، بلغ السيل الزبى.

Literary

間違えやすい

إخطار vs إخطار

Looks like 'more dangerous' (akhṭar).

Ikhṭār is a noun (notice), while akhṭar is an elative adjective (more dangerous). Notice the initial 'i' sound.

هذا إخطار (This is a notice) vs هذا أخطر (This is more dangerous).

إخطار vs إخبار

Both mean giving information.

Ikhbar is the general act of telling news. Ikhṭār is a formal, often written, notification.

إخبار الصديق (Telling a friend) vs إخطار البنك (Bank notice).

إخطار vs إنذار

Both involve warnings.

Inzhār is always negative (a warning of punishment). Ikhṭār can be neutral (just information).

إنذار بالفصل (Warning of firing) vs إخطار بالقبول (Notice of acceptance).

إخطار vs إشعار

Used for 'notifications'.

Ish‘ār is 'making one feel/aware'. Ikhṭār is 'making one aware of something important/grave'.

إشعارات فيسبوك (Facebook notifications) vs إخطار المحكمة (Court notice).

إخطار vs تقرير

Both are formal documents.

Taqrīr is a detailed report with facts and analysis. Ikhṭār is a brief notice to inform of a specific fact.

تقرير سنوي (Annual report) vs إخطار بالدفع (Payment notice).

文型パターン

عندي إخطار.

عندي إخطار جديد.

وصلني إخطار من [الجهة].

وصلني إخطار من البنك.

استلمت إخطاراً بـ [الموضوع].

استلمت إخطاراً بموعد الامتحان.

يجب إرسال إخطار مسبق قبل [الفعل].

يجب إرسال إخطار مسبق قبل الاستقالة.

يترتب على الإخطار [النتيجة].

يترتب على الإخطار بدء المدة القانونية.

تم إخطار [الشخص] بـ [الأمر].

تم إخطار العميل بالتغييرات.

تكمن صحة الإجراء في سلامة الإخطار.

تكمن صحة الإجراء في سلامة الإخطار الموجه للخصم.

يعتبر السكوت بعد الإخطار [حالة].

يعتبر السكوت بعد الإخطار بمثابة قبول.

語族

名詞

خطر Danger / Risk

خطورة Gravity / Seriousness

مخاطرة Risk-taking / Venture

خاطر Mind / Thought / Sake

動詞

أخطر To notify / To inform (Form IV)

خطر To occur to one's mind

خاطر To risk / To venture (Form III)

形容詞

خطير Dangerous / Serious

مخطر Notified (passive participle)

使い方

frequency

High in formal and digital contexts; low in casual conversation.

よくある間違い

Using 'ikhṭār' for a casual text message. → Use 'risāla' (message) or 'khabar' (news).
'Ikhṭār' is too formal for texting friends about coffee.
Saying 'ikhṭār min al-qarār' (notice from the decision). → Say 'ikhṭār bi-al-qarār' (notice of the decision).
The preposition 'bi' is required to link the notice to its content.
Confusing 'ikhṭār' (notice) with 'akhṭar' (more dangerous). → Pay attention to the initial 'i' and the context.
They look similar but have different grammatical functions.
Using 'ikhṭār' as a verb. → Use 'akhṭara' (أخطر) for the verb 'to notify'.
'Ikhṭār' is the noun form (the notice itself).
Forgetting the tanween in the accusative: 'talaqqaytu ikhṭār'. → Say 'talaqqaytu ikhṭāran'.
As a direct object, it needs the accusative case ending.

ヒント

Master the Idafa

Combine 'ikhṭār' with other nouns to create specific meanings, like 'ikhṭār al-bank' (the bank's notice). Remember that the first word in an Idafa doesn't take 'Al' or tanween.

Root Recognition

Recognizing the Kh-T-R root will help you remember that 'ikhṭār' is for 'important' things. If it's not important, it's probably not an 'ikhṭār'.

Legal Contexts

In legal Arabic, the delivery of an 'ikhṭār' is a specific event. Use verbs like 'tasallama' (received) or 'ballagha' (served/delivered) to describe it accurately.

App Translation

If you see 'Notifications' in an English app, look for 'إخطارات' in the Arabic version. This is the best way to see the word in action daily.

The 'Kh' Sound

Make sure your 'kh' is distinct from 'k'. A weak 'kh' can make the word hard to understand for native speakers.

Formal Tone

Use 'ikhṭār' when you want to sound authoritative. It is much stronger than saying 'I sent you a message'.

Spotting Prepositions

When you see 'ikhṭār', immediately look for the letter 'bi' (ب) after it. It will tell you the 'what' of the notice.

The Warning Bell

Imagine a bell ringing for an 'Important-Khaṭar-Time-Alert-Record' (IKh-T-A-R).

Due Process

Understand that 'ikhṭār' is a key part of justice in the Arab world. It ensures no one is surprised by a legal action.

Polite Notice

Even though it's formal, you can use 'ikhṭār' to be polite in business, as it shows you are following proper protocol.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Ikh-TĀR' as 'I-Got-A-TĀRgeted-Notice.' The 'kh' is the sound of clearing your throat to get someone's attention for a formal announcement.

視覚的連想

Imagine a formal envelope with a red wax seal or a smartphone screen with a bright red notification bubble. That is an ikhṭār.

Word Web

Law Bank Notification Danger (Root) Official Message Warning Document

チャレンジ

Try to find three 'ikhṭārāt' on your phone today. Then, write a sentence in Arabic about a 'prior notice' (ikhṭār mسبق) you would give to a friend before visiting.

語源

Derived from the Arabic tri-literal root Kh-T-R (خ-ط-ر). In its primary sense, this root relates to something that is important, grave, or risky. The transition to 'notification' comes through Form IV (Af'ala), which means to 'make something present' or 'bring something of importance' to someone's attention.

元の意味： The root originally meant to shake, to vibrate, or to be of great importance/danger.

Semitic (Afroasiatic)

文化的な背景

Be aware that receiving an 'ikhṭār' can be stressful for people, as it often involves legal or financial obligations. Use it carefully in social settings.

In English, we use 'notice' or 'notification.' 'Ikhṭār' perfectly bridges the gap between a digital 'push notification' and a 'legal notice of eviction.'

Legal codes in Egypt and Lebanon use 'ikhṭār' as the standard term for judicial service. Modern tech companies like Google and Meta use 'ikhṭārāt' in their Arabic interface settings. Journalistic reports on the 'Ikhṭār al-Qada'i' (Judicial Notice) are a staple of Arab news.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Legal Proceedings

إخطار قضائي
تبليغ الإخطار
بطلان الإخطار
تاريخ تسلم الإخطار

Banking and Finance

إخطار بالدفع
إخطار بتغيير الرسوم
إخطار بانتهاء الصلاحية
إخطار أمني

Employment

إخطار بالاستقالة
إخطار بالفصل
فترة الإخطار
إخطار رسمي

Technology/Apps

إخطارات التطبيق
إيقاف الإخطارات
إخطار جديد
إعدادات الإخطار

Real Estate

إخطار بالإخلاء
إخطار بزيادة الإيجار
إخطار بالصيانة
إخطار مسبق

会話のきっかけ

"هل وصلك أي إخطار من الجامعة بخصوص المنحة؟"

"لماذا أغلقت إخطارات هاتفك اليوم؟"

"هل تعتقد أن الإخطارات الرقمية مزعجة؟"

"ماذا تفعل إذا استلمت إخطاراً بالإخلاء فجأة؟"

"هل سبق لك أن أرسلت إخطاراً رسمياً لشخص ما؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن إخطار تلقيته وغير خططك لهذا اليوم.

هل تفضل الإخطارات الورقية أم الإلكترونية؟ ولماذا؟

صف شعورك عندما ترى إخطاراً من شخص تحبه.

تحدث عن أهمية الإخطار المسبق في العقود التجارية.

ما هي أنواع الإخطارات التي تزعجك أكثر من غيرها؟

よくある質問

10 問

No, while it shares a root with 'danger,' an ikhṭār can be positive, like a notice of university acceptance (إخطار بالقبول) or neutral, like a system update notification.

In many modern contexts, they are interchangeable. However, 'ikhṭār' is preferred in legal and official administration, while 'ish‘ār' is more common for digital app notifications.

You can say 'وصلني إخطار' (wasalani ikhṭār) or 'تلقيت إخطاراً' (talaqqaytu ikhṭāran).

It is rarely used in casual conversation. In dialects, people prefer 'risāla' (message) or 'khabar' (news). Use it for work, law, or when talking about your phone settings.

The preposition 'bi' (بـ) is almost always used to indicate what the notice is about, e.g., 'إخطار بالموعد' (notice of the appointment).

No, 'ikhṭār' is a noun. The verb is 'akhṭara' (أخطر), meaning 'to notify'.

The plural is 'إخطارات' (ikhṭārāt), following the regular sound feminine plural pattern.

It means 'prior notice' or 'advance notice.' It is very common in contracts regarding termination or changes.

Yes, they share the same root (Kh-T-R). The connection is that a notice brings an 'important' or 'grave' matter to one's attention.

You can use it in the subject line: 'إخطار بخصوص العقد' (Notice regarding the contract) or in the body: 'نود إخطاركم بـ...' (We would like to notify you of...).

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