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A2 verb #7,000 よく出る 8分で読める

يُرْهِق

yurhiq 上位7,000

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解説 يُرْهِق in your Level:

At the A1 level, you usually learn basic feelings like 'tired' (تعبان - ta'bān). The verb 'yurhiq' is more advanced because it describes *what* makes you tired. Think of it as 'very tiring.' If a long lesson makes you feel like you need a nap, that lesson 'yurhiq' you. It is a bit like saying 'This is too much work.' You might not use the verb yourself yet, but you might hear a teacher say 'Don't exhaust yourself' (لا ترهق نفسك) when you are studying too hard.

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At A2, you start talking about your daily routine and work. 'Yurhiq' is perfect for explaining why you are so tired after a long day. You can use it to describe a difficult job, a long commute, or a big exam. It's a transitive verb, so remember to say 'The work exhausts me' (العمل يرهقني). It helps you move beyond basic adjectives to describe the causes of your fatigue. You will also see this word in simple health tips about getting enough sleep and avoiding stress.

By B1, you are expected to handle more abstract topics. 'Yurhiq' is used here to describe mental strain and social pressures. You might use it in a discussion about the pros and cons of living in a big city (the noise exhausts the nerves). You will also encounter the noun form 'irhāq' (exhaustion) in news reports or articles about the workplace. It's a key word for expressing more complex feelings of burnout or being overwhelmed by responsibilities.

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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 'yurhiq' in idiomatic ways, such as 'yurhiq kāhil' (to burden the shoulders). This is common in political and economic discussions. For example, you might read that 'high taxes are exhausting the citizens.' You also understand the nuance between 'yurhiq' and other verbs like 'ajhada' (to strain). You can use it to talk about systemic issues, such as how an outdated infrastructure exhausts a country's resources.

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At C1, you use 'yurhiq' with precision in professional and literary contexts. You might use it to describe the 'taxing' nature of a complex legal argument or the 'exhausting' beauty of a piece of art. You are aware of its roots and how it can sometimes mean 'to oppress' or 'to cover with hardship' in classical texts. You can use it to analyze literature, discussing how a character's secret 'yurhiq' their conscience over time.

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At the C2 level, 'yurhiq' is part of your nuanced vocabulary for describing the human condition. You might use it in philosophical debates about the 'exhaustion of modern culture' or in high-level academic writing. You understand its subtle differences from synonyms like 'adnā' (to waste away) or 'ankala' (to harass/wear down). You can use the word to describe the subtle 'drain' of existential dread or the 'overburdening' of a language with too many loanwords.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

يُرْهِق 30秒で

A Form IV verb meaning 'to exhaust' or 'to overburden.'
Used for physical, mental, and financial exhaustion.
Transitive verb: it requires an object (the person/thing being tired).
Common in news, medical, and professional Arabic contexts.

The Arabic verb يُرْهِق (yurhiq) is a Form IV verb derived from the root r-h-q (ر-ه-ق). In its primary sense, it conveys the act of causing someone or something to reach a state of extreme fatigue, exhaustion, or being overburdened. Unlike the simpler verb at'aba (أَتْعَبَ), which means 'to tire,' yurhiq implies a more intense, often debilitating level of strain. It is the difference between feeling a bit sleepy after a walk and feeling completely drained after a fifteen-hour shift in a high-stress environment. This word is essential for learners because it bridges the gap between physical sensation and metaphorical or systemic pressure.

Physical Exhaustion: This refers to the depletion of bodily energy. For example, a marathon or intense manual labor 'yurhiq' the body.
Mental and Emotional Strain: Used when psychological burdens, such as constant worry or complex problem-solving, drain a person's mental capacity.
Economic and Financial Burden: In news and formal contexts, it describes how taxes, high prices, or debts 'exhaust' a budget or a citizen's resources.

العمل المتواصل لساعات طويلة يُرْهِق الموظفين ويقلل من إنتاجيتهم.

Continuous work for long hours exhausts employees and reduces their productivity.

The word carries a nuance of 'imposing' or 'overtaking.' Historically, the root relates to something coming upon another thing or covering it. When you 'yurhiq' someone, you are essentially covering them with a burden they can barely carry. This is why it is frequently used in the context of 'overburdening' (رهق كاهل). In modern Standard Arabic, you will encounter this word in health articles discussing 'burnout' (الاحتراق النفسي) or in economic reports discussing 'tax burdens' (الأعباء الضريبية).

لا تُرْهِق نفسك بالتفكير في المستقبل؛ عش يومك بيومه.

Do not exhaust yourself by thinking about the future; live your day by day.

Culturally, the concept of not overtaxing others is deeply embedded in Arabic etiquette and religious teachings. There is a famous Quranic principle: 'Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity.' The verb used there is related to the concept of 'taklif,' but 'yurhiq' is often used in social commentary to criticize oppressive systems or demanding bosses who do not follow this principle of moderation.

الديون المتراكمة تُرْهِق كاهل العائلات الفقيرة.

Accumulated debts burden the shoulders (exhaust) poor families.

Register: Mainly Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). In dialects, people might use 'ti'ib' (تعب), but 'yurhiq' is used when someone wants to sound more precise or formal.

القراءة في ضوء خافت تُرْهِق العينين.

Reading in dim light strains the eyes.

Using يُرْهِق correctly requires understanding its transitive nature. It always takes an object—the person or thing being exhausted. In Arabic grammar, this is a Form IV verb (أفعل - يُفعل), which typically indicates causation. You are *making* someone tired. To use it properly, you need a subject (the cause) and an object (the victim of the exhaustion).

Subject: Abstract Causes: Often the subject is an abstract noun like 'responsibility,' 'worry,' or 'work.'
Subject: Physical Activities: Activities like 'climbing,' 'running,' or 'studying' can be the subject.

السفر الطويل يُرْهِق المسافرين، خاصة كبار السن.

Long travel exhausts travelers, especially the elderly.

One of the most common idiomatic structures involves the word kāhil (كاهل), which means 'the upper back' or 'shoulders.' The phrase yurhiq kāhil... means to heavily burden someone, usually with financial or social responsibilities. This is a very high-level B2/C1 expression that makes your Arabic sound authentic and sophisticated.

ارتفاع الأسعار يُرْهِق كاهل المواطن العادي.

The rise in prices burdens the shoulders of the average citizen.

هذه المهمة الصعبة تُرْهِق الفريق بأكمله.

This difficult task exhausts the entire team.

Another usage is in the negative command: lā turhiq nafsaka (لا ترهق نفسك). This is a common way to tell someone 'Don't overwork yourself' or 'Don't stress yourself out.' It shows concern and is very useful in daily conversation among friends and colleagues.

أنت تعمل بجد، أرجوك لا تُرْهِق نفسك أكثر من اللازم.

You are working hard; please do not overwork yourself more than necessary.

Verb-Object Agreement: The object can be a noun or a pronoun. For example, 'It exhausts me' is yurhiqunī (يُرْهِقُنِي).

التفكير في المشاكل يُرْهِقُنِي نفسياً.

Thinking about problems exhausts me psychologically.

You will encounter يُرْهِق in various professional and academic settings. In the business world, it is often used during performance reviews or discussions about project timelines to describe the impact of heavy workloads. If a manager says 'The project is exhausting the team,' they would use yurhiq to emphasize that the team is reaching its breaking point.

News Media: Used to describe the state of the economy, health systems during a pandemic, or the impact of war on a population.
Medical Contexts: Doctors use the noun form irhāq to diagnose fatigue, and may use the verb to explain how a disease affects the body.

هذا المرض يُرْهِق الجهاز المناعي بشكل كبير.

This disease exhausts the immune system significantly.

In literature and poetry, yurhiq is used to describe the burden of love, the weight of secrets, or the weariness of the soul. It provides a more poetic and weighty alternative to simpler verbs. In social media, you might see people posting about their 'exhausting day' using the active participle murhiq (exhausting) or the passive murhaq (exhausted).

كان يوماً مُرْهِقاً للغاية في العمل.

It was an extremely exhausting day at work.

In academic lectures, particularly in sociology or psychology, professors use yurhiq to discuss the pressures of modern life, social expectations, and the 'exhaustion of the self' in the digital age. It is a word that suggests a systemic or prolonged pressure rather than a momentary tiredness.

كثرة المعلومات تُرْهِق العقل وتشتت الانتباه.

Excessive information exhausts the mind and scatters attention.

Legal and Administrative: In contracts, it might be used to describe 'onerous' conditions that 'exhaust' one party's ability to fulfill their duties.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing يُرْهِق with yat'ab (يَتْعَب). While yat'ab is intransitive (I get tired), yurhiq is transitive (Something exhausts me). You cannot say 'I yurhiq'; you must say 'The work yurhiq me.' If you want to say 'I am exhausted,' you use the passive participle murhaq (أنا مُرْهَق).

Mistake 1: Incorrect Subjectivity: Saying أنا أرهق (I exhaust) when you mean 'I am tired.' Correct: أنا مُرهق.
Mistake 2: Confusing Form I and Form IV: The root ra-ha-qa has a Form I meaning 'to overtake' or 'to be foolish,' which is rare in modern MSA. Stick to Form IV (arhaqa) for exhaustion.

خطأ: أنا أُرْهِق من العمل.
صواب: العملُ يُرْهِقُنِي.

Error: I exhaust from work. Correct: Work exhausts me.

Another mistake is overusing yurhiq for simple tiredness. If you just finished a 10-minute walk, at'aba is better. Save yurhiq for when you feel like your energy is at zero or when describing a heavy burden. Using it for minor tasks can sound overly dramatic to native speakers.

تجنب قول يُرْهِق للأمور البسيطة؛ استخدم يُتْعِب بدلاً منها.

Avoid saying 'yurhiq' for simple matters; use 'yut'ib' instead.

In writing, ensure the 'Hamza' on the past tense Arhaqa (أرهق) is written clearly. Since it is a Form IV verb, the Hamza is 'Hamzat Qat' (always written and pronounced). Forgetting it can make the word look like Form I, changing the meaning entirely in classical contexts.

Grammar Tip: The present tense yurhiq starts with a Damma (u) sound because it is a four-letter verb in the past tense (arhaqa). This is a rule for all Form IV verbs.

Arabic is rich with synonyms for fatigue, each carrying a specific 'flavor' or intensity. Understanding these alternatives will help you choose the right word for the right situation. While يُرْهِق is about extreme exhaustion and burden, other words might focus on the physical sensation or the resulting weakness.

أَتْعَبَ (At'aba): The most common word for 'to tire.' It is neutral and can be used for any level of tiredness.
أَجْهَدَ (Ajhada): To overexert or strain. Often used in sports or for mechanical engines. It implies putting in too much effort.
أَضْنَى (Adnā): A more literary and intense word. It implies that the exhaustion is making someone thin or weak, often due to illness or grief.

بينما يُرْهِق العملُ الجسد، أَضْنَى الحزنُ قلبه.

While work exhausts the body, grief wasted away his heart.

If you want to describe the *result* of being exhausted, you can use adjectives like mahdūd (محدود) which colloquially means 'shattered' or 'broken' from tiredness, or masta'wi (مستوي) in some dialects, meaning 'cooked/done' from fatigue. However, in MSA, stick to murhaq.

الرياضة تُتْعِب الجسم لكنها لا تُرْهِقُه إذا كانت باعتدال.

Sports tire the body but do not exhaust it if done in moderation.

Opposite Concepts: The opposite would be yurīh (يُريح - to relax/give rest) or yunashit (يُنشط - to energize).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In the Quran, the root is sometimes used to mean 'sin' or 'oppression' because sin 'covers' the soul or makes life difficult.

発音ガイド

UK /jʊr.hɪq/

US /jʊr.hɪk/

Stress is on the first syllable: YUR-hiq.

韻が合う語

يُشْفِق (yushfiq) يُنْفِق (yunfiq) يُحْدِق (yuhdiq) يُغْلِق (yughliq) يُطْلِق (yutliq) يُصْدِق (yusdiq) يُبْرِق (yubriq) يُغْرِق (yughriq)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'h' like 'ḥ' (ح).
Pronouncing 'q' like a regular 'k'.
Forgetting the Damma on the 'y'.
Confusing it with 'yarhaq' (Form I).
Shortening the vowel sounds too much.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know Form IV patterns.

ライティング 4/5

Requires remembering the Hamza and the specific root.

スピーキング 4/5

The 'h' and 'q' can be tricky for beginners to say quickly.

リスニング 3/5

Clearly distinguishable from 'at'aba' due to the 'r' and 'q'.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

تعب عمل نفس كثير شديد

次に学ぶ

أنهك استنزف أعباء مشقة طاقة

上級

الاحتراق النفسي الوطأة الاستنزاف الكلال اللغوب

知っておくべき文法

Form IV Verb Pattern

أفعل (Past) -> يُفعل (Present). أرهق -> يُرهق.

Transitive Verbs (Mut'addi)

يُرهق العملُ الموظفَ. (Work exhausts the employee).

Object Pronouns

يُرهقني، يُرهقك، يُرهقه.

Hamzat al-Qat' in Form IV

أرهق (The 'A' is always written).

Negative Imperative with Jussive

لا تُرْهِقْ (The last letter takes a Sukun).

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レベル別の例文

هذا الدرس يُرهقني.

This lesson exhausts me.

Simple verb-object structure.

المشي الطويل يُرهق الطفل.

The long walk exhausts the child.

Subject (walk) + Verb + Object (child).

لا ترهق نفسك اليوم.

Do not exhaust yourself today.

Negative imperative (La + Jussive).

العمل الكثير يُرهق.

A lot of work exhausts.

Intransitive-style usage (meaning 'is exhausting').

هل السفر يُرهقك؟

Does travel exhaust you?

Question with object pronoun 'ka'.

الشمس القوية تُرهقنا.

The strong sun exhausts us.

Feminine subject (Sun) + object pronoun 'na'.

هذا السؤال يُرهق عقلي.

This question exhausts my mind.

Metaphorical usage for A1.

أمي لا تُريد أن تُرهقني.

My mother does not want to exhaust me.

Subjunctive after 'an'.

العمل في الليل يُرهق الجسم.

Working at night exhausts the body.

Focus on physical health.

التفكير في الامتحان يُرهق الطلاب.

Thinking about the exam exhausts the students.

Verbal noun (Thinking) as subject.

هذه الحقيبة الثقيلة تُرْهِقُ ظهري.

This heavy bag exhausts (strains) my back.

Feminine subject 'bag'.

لا تُرْهِق نفسك بالدراسة لساعات متواصلة.

Don't exhaust yourself by studying for continuous hours.

Preposition 'bi' used for the cause.

الضجيج في المدينة يُرهق الأعصاب.

The noise in the city exhausts the nerves.

Common collocation 'exhaust the nerves'.

الرياضة العنيفة قد تُرْهِق القلب.

Violent (intense) sports might exhaust the heart.

Use of 'qad' for possibility.

لماذا تُرْهِقين نفسكِ في المطبخ؟

Why are you (f) exhausting yourself in the kitchen?

Feminine singular conjugation.

هذا المشروع الكبير يُرهق ميزانية الشركة.

This big project exhausts the company's budget.

Financial context.

المشاكل العائلية تُرْهِق الإنسان نفسياً.

Family problems exhaust a person psychologically.

Adverbial 'nafsiyan' (psychologically).

كثرة المسؤوليات تُرْهِق كاهل المدير.

Too many responsibilities exhaust the manager's shoulders.

Idiomatic 'kāhil' (shoulders/back).

هذا النوع من الأسئلة يُرهق الباحثين.

This type of question exhausts researchers.

Academic context.

لا تُرْهِق ميزانيتك بشراء أشياء لا تحتاجها.

Don't exhaust your budget by buying things you don't need.

Financial advice.

الصيام في الجو الحار يُرهق العمال.

Fasting in hot weather exhausts the workers.

Cultural/Religious context.

الانتظار الطويل يُرهق الصبر.

Long waiting exhausts patience.

Abstract object (patience).

الديون تُرْهِق الفقراء وتزيد من معاناتهم.

Debts exhaust the poor and increase their suffering.

Social commentary.

التكنولوجيا أحياناً تُرْهِق العقل بكثرة التنبيهات.

Technology sometimes exhausts the mind with too many notifications.

Modern context.

التضخم الاقتصادي يُرهق كاهل الطبقة المتوسطة.

Economic inflation exhausts the shoulders of the middle class.

Advanced idiom 'yurhiq kāhil'.

الصراعات السياسية تُرْهِق موارد الدولة.

Political conflicts exhaust the state's resources.

Political vocabulary.

محاولة إرضاء الجميع تُرْهِق الروح.

Trying to please everyone exhausts the soul.

Philosophical/Psychological.

البيروقراطية تُرْهِق المراجعين في الدوائر الحكومية.

Bureaucracy exhausts applicants in government departments.

Administrative context.

تراكم الملفات يُرهق نظام الحاسوب القديم.

The accumulation of files exhausts the old computer system.

Technical metaphor.

العداء المستمر يُرهق الطرفين المتنازعين.

Constant hostility exhausts both conflicting parties.

Conflict resolution context.

هذا النمط من الحياة السريع يُرهق طاقتنا الإبداعية.

This fast lifestyle exhausts our creative energy.

Creative/Lifestyle context.

يجب ألا نُرْهِق كوكبنا بالاستهلاك المفرط.

We must not exhaust our planet with excessive consumption.

Environmental context.

الاستبداد يُرهق الشعوب ويقضي على طموحاتها.

Tyranny exhausts peoples and destroys their ambitions.

Classical/Political usage.

الأعمال الفلسفية المعقدة قد تُرْهِق القارئ غير المتخصص.

Complex philosophical works might exhaust the non-specialist reader.

Intellectual context.

تعدد التأويلات قد يُرهق النص الأدبي.

Multiple interpretations might exhaust the literary text.

Literary criticism.

السباق نحو التسلح يُرهق الخزينة العامة.

The arms race exhausts the public treasury.

Geopolitical context.

المرض المزمن يُرهق المريض وعائلته مادياً ومعنوياً.

Chronic illness exhausts the patient and their family financially and morally.

Comprehensive exhaustion description.

لا تُرْهِق النص بتفاصيل لا تخدم الفكرة الأساسية.

Do not exhaust the text with details that do not serve the main idea.

Writing advice.

الشعور بالذنب قد يُرهق الضمير لسنوات.

Guilt might exhaust the conscience for years.

Internal psychological state.

إن استنزاف الموارد الطبيعية يُرهق النظام البيئي.

The depletion of natural resources exhausts the ecosystem.

Scientific/Formal usage.

إن وطأة الوجود أحياناً تُرْهِق الكينونة البشرية.

The weight of existence sometimes exhausts the human being.

Existential philosophy.

يُرْهِق الشاعرُ اللغةَ بحثاً عن مفردة مستحيلة.

The poet exhausts the language in search of an impossible word.

Metaphorical literary usage.

التحولات الاجتماعية المتسارعة تُرْهِق الهوية الثقافية.

Rapid social transformations exhaust the cultural identity.

Sociological analysis.

لقد أرهقت هذه القضيةُ القضاءَ لعقود دون حل.

This case has exhausted the judiciary for decades without resolution.

Legal history.

التجريد في الفن قد يُرهق عين الناظر المعتاد على الواقعية.

Abstraction in art might exhaust the eye of the viewer accustomed to realism.

Aesthetics.

إنها تُرْهِق نفسها في محاولة استعادة ماضٍ ولّى.

She exhausts herself in an attempt to recover a past that has gone.

Nuanced emotional struggle.

الأعباء الجيوسياسية تُرْهِق موازين القوى العالمية.

Geopolitical burdens exhaust the global balance of power.

International relations.

يُرْهِق الصمتُ أحياناً أكثر مما يُرهق الكلام.

Silence sometimes exhausts more than speech exhausts.

Paradoxical literary expression.

よく使う組み合わせ

يُرْهِق كاهل

يُرْهِق الميزانية

يُرْهِق الأعصاب

يُرْهِق العينين

يُرْهِق النفس

يُرْهِق الجسد

يُرْهِق العقل

يُرْهِق الموارد

يُرْهِق القلب

يُرْهِق الجهاز التنفسي

よく使うフレーズ

لا ترهق نفسك

— Don't overwork yourself. Used to show care.

ارتح قليلاً، لا ترهق نفسك.

أمرٌ مرهق

— An exhausting matter. Describes a situation.

البحث عن سكن أمر مرهق.

يوم مرهق

— An exhausting day. Very common daily phrase.

كان يوماً مرهقاً في الجامعة.

بشكل مرهق

— In an exhausting manner. Adverbial usage.

يعمل بشكل مرهق جداً.

إرهاق شديد

— Severe exhaustion. Medical/Formal term.

يعاني من إرهاق شديد.

تعب وإرهاق

— Tiredness and exhaustion. Often paired.

أشعر بتعب وإرهاق.

مهمة مرهقة

— An exhausting task. Workplace usage.

هذه مهمة مرهقة للفريق.

تفكير مرهق

— Exhausting thinking/overthinking.

التفكير المرهق يمنع النوم.

رحلة مرهقة

— An exhausting trip.

كانت رحلة مرهقة عبر الجبال.

عبء مرهق

— An exhausting burden.

الديون عبء مرهق على العائلة.

よく混同される語

يُرْهِق vs يَتْعَب

Yat'ab is 'to get tired' (intransitive), Yurhiq is 'to exhaust someone' (transitive).

يُرْهِق vs يُحْرِق

Yuhriq means 'to burn'. Don't confuse the 'h' and 'q' sounds.

يُرْهِق vs يُزْهِق

Yuzhiq is 'to take away' (often used for taking a soul/life). Very different meaning.

慣用句と表現

"رهق كاهله"

— To heavily burden someone's shoulders (metaphorically). Used for debt or duty.

رهقت الديون كاهله.

Formal

"أرهق عينه بالسهر"

— To strain one's eyes by staying up late.

لا ترهق عينك بالسهر أمام التلفاز.

Neutral

"أرهق جوادَه"

— To ride one's horse to exhaustion. Classical idiom for pushing someone too far.

أرهق الفارس جواده في السباق.

Literary

"أرهق ذهنَه"

— To rack one's brain; to think very hard.

أرهق ذهنه ليجد حلاً للمشكلة.

Neutral

"أرهق ميزانيته"

— To stretch one's budget to the breaking point.

شراء السيارة أرهق ميزانيته.

Neutral

"رهق من أمره عسراً"

— To face great difficulty in one's affairs (Quranic derivation).

لقد رهق من أمره عسراً بسبب المشاكل.

Classical/Formal

"أرهق الموظفين بالطلبات"

— To bombard employees with requests.

المدير يرهق الموظفين بطلباته المستمرة.

Neutral

"أرهق الأرض بالزراعة"

— To over-farm the land; to deplete the soil.

أرهق الفلاح الأرض بزراعة نفس المحصول.

Technical/Formal

"أرهق الجهاز"

— To overwork a machine or device.

البرامج الثقيلة ترهق المعالج.

Technical

"أرهق الصمت بموسيقاه"

— To break/burden the silence with music (Poetic).

أرهق صمت الليل بعزفه الحزين.

Literary

間違えやすい

يُرْهِق vs يُتْعِب

Both mean to make someone tired.

Yut'ib is general; Yurhiq is much stronger and implies being overburdened.

المشي يُتعبني، لكن الجري يُرهقني.

يُرْهِق vs يُجْهِد

Both imply strain.

Yujhid is about effort and exertion; Yurhiq is about the resulting depletion.

هو يُجهد نفسه في النادي لكي لا يرهق قلبه.

يُرْهِق vs يُثْقِل

Both involve burdens.

Yuthqil is about weight; Yurhiq is about the exhaustion caused by that weight.

الأعباء تُثقل كاهله وترهق جسده.

يُرْهِق vs يُضْنِي

Both mean intense exhaustion.

Yudni is more literary and often associated with illness or wasting away.

المرض يُضني الجسد ويرشق القوة.

يُرْهِق vs يُحْرِج

Similar sound for beginners.

Yuhrij means 'to embarrass'.

لا ترهقني بطلباتك، ولا تحرجني أمام الناس.

文型パターン

[Subject] يُرْهِقني

الدرس يُرهقني.

لا تُرْهِق نفسك بـ [Action]

لا ترهق نفسك بالعمل.

[Subject] يُرْهِق كاهل [Person]

الديون ترهق كاهل الأب.

يُرْهِق [Abstract Noun] الموارد

الفساد يرهق موارد الدولة.

[Noun] مُرْهِق جداً

هذا اليوم مرهق جداً.

أشعر بـ [Noun] من الإرهاق

أشعر بحالة من الإرهاق.

بسبب [Noun]، أرهقتُ نفسي

بسبب الدراسة، أرهقت نفسي.

يُرْهِق [Subject] الروح والكينونة

الحزن يرهق الروح.

語族

名詞

إرهاق (Exhaustion)

رهق (Oppression/Difficulty - Classical)

مُرهِق (Exhausting - Active Participle)

مُرهَق (Exhausted - Passive Participle)

動詞

أرهق (To exhaust - Form IV)

رهق (To overtake/oppress - Form I)

تراهق (To approach puberty - Form VI)

形容詞

مُرهِق (Exhausting)

مُرهَق (Exhausted)

使い方

frequency

High in formal writing, medium in daily speech.

よくある間違い

أنا أرهق من العمل → أنا مُرْهَق من العمل
You should use the passive participle to describe your state, not the active verb.
هذا العمل يَتْعَبني → هذا العمل يُتْعِبُني / يُرْهِقُني
Yat'ab is intransitive. You need the causative Form IV (Yut'ib or Yurhiq).
إرهاق كاهل الميزانية → إرهاق الميزانية
Kāhil (shoulders) is for people/classes, not for abstract objects like a budget.
أرهقتُ في السباق → أُرْهِقْتُ في السباق
If you want to say 'I was exhausted,' use the passive voice (urhiqtu).
لا ترهق نفسك بالراحة → لا ترهق نفسك بالعمل
You exhaust yourself with effort, not with rest. This is a logical error.

ヒント

Form IV Recognition

Any present tense verb starting with a 'u' sound (Damma) on the 'y' and having four letters in the past tense is Form IV. This helps you identify the causative meaning 'to make someone...'

Intensity Matters

Use 'yurhiq' when you want to emphasize that the situation is difficult to handle. It's more descriptive than 'yut'ib'.

Polite Concern

If a colleague looks very tired, say 'Anta murhaq' (You are exhausted). It shows you recognize their hard work.

Economic Context

When writing about taxes or high prices, 'yurhiq' is the standard professional verb to use.

Root Recognition

If you hear 'r-h-q', think of 'exhaustion' or 'burden'. It will help you understand news reports quickly.

Religious Roots

Understanding the Quranic use of the root helps you appreciate the weight of the word in modern literature.

The Deep Q

Practice the 'q' (ق) sound. If you say it like 'k', it might be confused with other words in some contexts.

Transitive Check

Always ask: 'What is exhausting whom?' This ensures you use the verb correctly with an object.

Murhiq vs Murhaq

MurhIq is the thing (exhausting). MurhAq is the person (exhausted). Don't swap them!

Kāhil

Memorize 'yurhiq kāhil' as a single unit. It's a gold-standard phrase for B2+ learners.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'yurhiq' sounding a bit like 'your hectic' schedule. A hectic schedule is what 'yurhiq' (exhausts) you.

視覚的連想

Imagine a man carrying a huge mountain on his shoulders. The mountain 'yurhiq' (exhausts) him.

Word Web

Work Stress Money Fatigue Health Burden Shoulders Mind

チャレンジ

Try to use 'yurhiq' in three different contexts: once for physical exercise, once for money, and once for a feeling.

語源

From the Arabic root R-H-Q (ر ه ق), which fundamentally relates to 'covering,' 'overtaking,' or 'coming near.'

元の意味： In Form I, it meant 'to overtake' or 'to cover with something unpleasant.'

Semitic / Afroasiatic.

文化的な背景

Be careful when using it with friends; saying 'You are exhausting me' (أنت ترهقني) is much stronger and more offensive than 'I am tired of this.'

English speakers often use 'tired' for everything. Arabic speakers use 'yurhiq' specifically for the 'burnt out' feeling.

Quranic verse: 'ولا ترهقني من أمري عسراً' (And do not burden me with difficulty in my affair). Modern Arabic songs about 'Irhāq' in love. Economic news headlines regarding 'Irhāq al-Muwatin' (Exhausting the citizen).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Workplace

ضغط العمل يرهقني
لا ترهق الفريق
ساعات العمل المرهقة
تجنب الإرهاق

Health

إرهاق مزمن
يرهق القلب
يرهق العينين
أعراض الإرهاق

Finance

يرهق الميزانية
يرهق كاهل المواطن
أعباء مالية مرهقة
يرهق الاقتصاد

Education

يرهق الطلاب
دراسة مرهقة
يرهق العقل
لا ترهق نفسك قبل الامتحان

Travel

رحلة مرهقة
يرهق المسافر
طريق مرهق
إرهاق السفر

会話のきっかけ

"هل تشعر أن عملك يرهقك هذه الأيام؟"

"ما هو أكثر شيء يرهقك في حياتك اليومية؟"

"هل تعتقد أن التكنولوجيا ترهق عقولنا؟"

"كيف تتجنب أن ترهق نفسك بالمسؤوليات؟"

"هل كانت رحلتك الأخيرة مرهقة أم مريحة؟"

日記のテーマ

اكتب عن يوم كان مرهقاً جداً بالنسبة لك وماذا فعلت لترتاح.

هل تعتقد أن المجتمع يرهق الأفراد بتوقعات عالية؟ وضح ذلك.

تحدث عن الفرق بين التعب العادي والإرهاق الشديد من وجهة نظرك.

كيف يمكننا تنظيم وقتنا لكي لا نرهق أنفسنا؟

صف شعورك عندما ترهقك كثرة التفكير في أمر ما.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, but use the passive participle 'murhaq' (أنا مُرْهَق). If you use the verb, you must say what is exhausting you, like 'The work exhausts me' (العمل يرهقني).

At'aba is 'to tire' (standard), while Arhaqa is 'to exhaust' (intense). If you are 20% tired, use at'aba. If you are 90% tired, use arhaqa.

It is understood everywhere but used more in formal speech or media. In daily life, people might say 'ta'abni' (it tired me) more often.

You say 'La turhiq nafsaka' (لا ترهق نفسك). This is a very common and kind phrase.

Yes, if a computer program is too heavy for the processor, you can say 'This program exhausts the processor' (هذا البرنامج يرهق المعالج).

It literally means 'to exhaust the upper back/shoulders.' It's an idiom for being heavily burdened by responsibilities or costs.

Yes, the noun is 'Irhāq' (إرهاق), which means exhaustion or fatigue.

Yes, it's quite strong. It suggests that the person is reaching their limit.

Absolutely. 'Yurhiq al-a'sab' (exhausts the nerves) is a very common way to describe stress.

No, in Arabic, every letter is pronounced. The 'h' (هـ) must be heard clearly as a breath of air.

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